硅酸盐学报

高透过率强伽马射线屏蔽玻璃的制备及其性能

PDF下载

张梅伦 ¹ , 曹振博 ¹^,² , 杨胜赟 ¹ , 张洋 ¹^,² , 韩玉 ¹ , 邱福 ¹ , 周游 ¹^,² , 郑京明 ¹^,² , 刘辉 ² , 贾金升 ¹^,²

硅酸盐学报 | 研究论文 2024,52(10): 3301-3310

收起

硅酸盐学报 |研究论文 2024 , 52 (10) : 3301 -3310

高透过率强伽马射线屏蔽玻璃的制备及其性能

全屏

张梅伦¹, 曹振博¹^,², 杨胜赟¹, 张洋¹^,², 韩玉¹, 邱福¹, 周游¹^,², 郑京明¹^,², 刘辉², 贾金升¹^,²

作者信息

^1．中建材光子科技有限公司，山东枣庄 277000

^2．中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司，北京 100000

通讯作者:

曹振博（1985—），男，博士，教授级高级工程师。

作者简介:

张梅伦（1995—），男，硕士，助理工程师。

Preparation and Properties of Glass with High Transmittance and Intense Gamma Ray Shielding

Meilun ZHANG¹, Zhenbo CAO¹^,², Shengyun YANG¹, Yang ZHANG¹^,², Yu HAN¹, Fu QIU¹, You ZHOU¹^,², Jingming ZHENG¹^,², Hui LIU², Jinsheng JIA¹^,²

Affiliations

^1.China National Building Material Photonics Technology Co., Ltd., Zaozhuang 277000, Shandong, China

^2.China Building Materials Academy Co., Ltd., Beijing 100000, China

Corresponding Author:

CAO Zhenbo (1985-), Male, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail: czb824@163.com

ZHANG Meilun (1995-), Male, Master, Assistant Engineer. E-mail: 17854250730@163.com

出版时间: 2024-10-20 doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230882

文章导航

摘要

收起

为了研发具有高透过率和强伽马射线屏蔽性能的新型玻璃材料，以SiO₂-PbO-M₂O（M为碱金属元素）体系的铅硅酸盐玻璃为基质，设计并制备了几种不同PbO含量的伽马射线屏蔽铅玻璃。对屏蔽玻璃的伽马射线屏蔽性能进行了理论模拟与实验测试，通过密度测试、膨胀系数测定仪、Fourier红外光谱、Raman光谱和分光光度计对样品进行了表征，并探讨了氧化物组分（PbO、K₂O和Na₂O）对屏蔽玻璃结构和性能的影响机理。测试结果表明：PbO含量为50%（质量分数）的屏蔽玻璃对⁶⁰Co伽马射线的屏蔽率可达到50%，且在400~800 nm波长范围内线性透过率可达到85%以上。此外，该屏蔽玻璃还具有良好的化学稳定性和热稳定性。本工作可以为开发用于核工业、医学诊断和原子科学研究等领域的高性能屏蔽玻璃材料提供有益的参考和指导。

关键词

透过率 / 伽马射线 / 辐射屏蔽 / 玻璃

Abstract

收起

Introduction

As a kind of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, gamma rays can lead to radiation effect and environmental pollution. To ensure the reliability and safety utilization of gamma radiations in different areas, materials with reliable gamma shielding performances should be developed. The existing efforts are to use glasses as alternative for the conventional radiation shielding materials. As a typical window material, glass itself has attracted wide attention due to its unique chemical and physical advantages. Among them, lead-based radiation shielding materials are widely used in the field of ionizing radiation protection due to their reliable physical properties. In the nuclear industry and high energy physics laboratories, different materials can be used for temporary or permanent shielding. The lead-based glass doped with heavy metal oxide PbO is widely used in the field of radiation shielding for a long time with reliable light transmission properties, which facilitates the observation and monitoring of radiation areas. In this paper, three kinds of transparent silicate glass with different PbO contents were prepared by a high-temperature melting forming method. The gamma-rays protection abilities of the three kinds of glass were investigated through experimental and thermotical methods. The chemical and thermal stability of the glass were also analyzed. In addition, the influence mechanism of the structure and performance differences of the three kinds of glass was also discussed.

Methods

Analytical pure quartz sand (SiO₂, purity 99.5%, in mass, the same below), lead monoxide (PbO, purity 99.0%), potassium nitrate (KNO₃, purity 99.0%) and sodium nitrate (NaNO₃, purity 99.0%) were selected as raw materials for preparation of three kinds of gamma-rays shielding glass materials by a high-temperature melting method. An appropriate amount of raw materials was thoroughly mixed and added to 3 L quartz crucible and heated in air at 1 200 ℃. Then the raw materials were melted at 1 250 ℃ for 14 h. The uniform melt was quickly poured into the 150 mm×150 mm×50 mm stainless steel mold preheated at 750 ℃. Finally, the quenched glasses were annealed at 450 ℃ for 12 h and cooled naturally to room temperature.

The density of the three glass samples was tested based on the Archimedes principle. The thermal expansion coefficient of glass samples was measured by a model Netzsch DIL 402 expansion coefficient tester. The infrared spectra were measured by a model Perkinelmer Spectrum 100 FTIR Spectrometer. The Raman spectra were tested by a model HORIBA LabRAM HR800 high-resolution Raman spectrometer. The gamma ray shielding test was completed in China Academy of Engineering Physics. The chemical stability test was completed in Chengdu Guangming Glass Co., LTD. The acid stability and moisture stability of the glass samples were tested according to the national standards GB/T 7962.14-2010 and GB/T 7962.15-2010, respectively. The thermal stability of the galss was also determined.

Results and discussion

Glass structure becomes more compact with the exchange of Pb alternatives of Si, K and Na. Increasing the density of glass is conducive to improving its shielding performance, but this leads to significant changes in the optical properties, thermal properties and chemical stability of glass due to the increase of heavy metal content. The preparation of high transmittance glass is more difficult. The coefficient of thermal expansion of glass samples gradually decreases from 103.6 × 10^-7 ℃^-1 to 89.2 ×10^-7 ℃^-1, and the values of T_g and T_f also decrease with the increase of mass fraction of PbO in glass components. The change of the thermal properties of the three glass samples is a result of the joint action of PbO, Na₂O and K₂O. The FTIR spectra show that the added PbO is transformed into [PbO₄] units with 4 coordination numbers into the network under the condition of sufficient free oxygen as PbO content in the glass increases. These [PbO₄] units participate in the formation of silicate networks. The Raman spectra indicate that the silicate network structure is de-polymerized as PbO content is increased, and the enhancement of the characteristic vibrational peaks corresponding to the Pb-Si-O indicates an increase in the degree of participation of the [PbO₄] units in the formation of silicate network. The ion packing density of the glass sample gradually increases with the increase of PbO content, which shows that the compressible free volume per unit volume of the glass sample becomes smaller. PbO with a high concentration (x = 0.50 and x = 0.66) is used as a glass-forming agent, and the [PbO₄] structural units can form a connection structure with the silicon oxide tetrahedron, which plays a role in repairing the glass network.

The permeability of the glass can be improved via strictly controlling the iron content of the introduced raw materials and making full use of the double alkali effect of the glass. The actual shielding performance of glass is not a result of simple addition of various components. This can be affected by the actual composition content of the glass, melting process and endoplasmic uniformity. The influence of glass expansion coefficient on the thermal stability is much greater than that on its chemical stability.

Conclusions

PbO with a high concentration (x = 0.50 and x = 0.66) was used as a glass-forming agent, and the [PbO₄] structural units could form a connection structure with the silicon oxide tetrahedron, playing a role in repairing the glass network. The measured shielding rate of ⁶⁰Co gamma-ray could be 50% and the glass with 50% PbO content (in mass fraction) exhibited a linear transmission rate of more than 85% in the range of 400-800 nm. In addition, the reliable thermal and chemical stabilities were also reflected in the glass.

Key words

transmittance / gamma rays / radiation shielding / glass

引用本文

张梅伦, 曹振博, 杨胜赟, 张洋, 韩玉, 邱福, 周游, 郑京明, 刘辉, 贾金升. 高透过率强伽马射线屏蔽玻璃的制备及其性能. 硅酸盐学报, 2024 , 52 (10) : 3301 -3310 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230882

Meilun ZHANG, Zhenbo CAO, Shengyun YANG, Yang ZHANG, Yu HAN, Fu QIU, You ZHOU, Jingming ZHENG, Hui LIU, Jinsheng JIA. Preparation and Properties of Glass with High Transmittance and Intense Gamma Ray Shielding[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2024 , 52 (10) : 3301 -3310 . DOI: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230882

基金

收起

枣庄英才集聚工程专项经费
中建材光子科技有限公司技术开发项目（核工业用高光谱透过防辐射耐辐照玻璃研制）(GZ-2201)

参考文献

收起

文献

收起

参考文献引证文献

排序方式：

2024年第52卷第10期

PDF下载

引用本文

BibTeX

文章信息

doi: 10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230882

接收时间：2023-11-20
首发时间：2026-10-22
出版时间：2024-10-20

补充材料

相关文章

文章信息

作者

出版历史

收稿日期：2023-11-20
修回日期：2024-01-11

基金

枣庄英才集聚工程专项经费

中建材光子科技有限公司技术开发项目（核工业用高光谱透过防辐射耐辐照玻璃研制）(GZ-2201)

作者信息

^1．中建材光子科技有限公司，山东枣庄 277000

^2．中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司，北京 100000

通讯作者:

曹振博（1985—），男，博士，教授级高级工程师。

参考文献

分享链接

https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/gsyxb/CN/10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.20230882

分享至

全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文

BibTeX

本文的引用情况

2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

关闭全屏

BibTeX
EndNote
RefWorks
TxT