Article(id=1279793102047122403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, issueId=1279793083097269247, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13206/j.gjgS24071002, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1720540800000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1783056052933, onlineDateStr=2026-07-03, pubDate=1779379200000, pubDateStr=2026-05-22, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1783056052933, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-07-03, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1783056052933, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1783056052933, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1279793083097269247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, year='2026', volume='41', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='88', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1779379200000', pubDateStr='2026-05-22', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1783056048416, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1783056895775, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1279796637363048955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, issueId=1279793083097269247, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1279796637367243260, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, issueId=1279793083097269247, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=69, endPage=78, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1279793102328140773, articleId=1279793102047122403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, language=EN, title=Three-Dimensional Analysis Method for Steel Structure Factory Buildings with H-Section Tapered Beams and Columns, columnId=1279793102214894564, journalTitle=Steel Construction, columnName=Structural Design, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

H-section tapered beams and columns are widely used in steel structure factory buildings because tapered members can maximize material performance by matching the approximately triangular bending moment diagram. The Technical Code for Steel Structure of Light-Weight Buildings with Gabled Frames (GB 51022-2015), considering the characteristics of light-weight buildings, has made specific provisions for the design of tapered beams and columns, with economy as the primary goal while ensuring safety. Research indicates that major domestic steel structure analysis software adoptes two-dimensional analysis for factory buildings with tapered beams and columns, failing to fully exploit the huge potential of three-dimensional analysis. Based on GB 51022-2015 and PKPM software, this paper briefly presents the analysis methodology for steel structure factory buildings, key points of stability design for tapered members, and analysis examples using mainstream software, thereby proposing a three-dimensional analysis method for factory buildings with H-section tapered beams and columns. Compared with the two-dimensional analysis method, the three-dimensional analysis method demonstrateds broad applicability and high operational efficiency, while also emphasizing the necessity and urgency for users to master knowledge of steel structure stability theory.

, authors=Zhihui Gao1, Xiaoguo Liu2, Liangxiang Shi1, authorsList=Zhihui Gao, Xiaoguo Liu, Liangxiang Shi, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1279793107684265992, articleId=1279793102047122403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, language=CN, title=H形截面楔形梁柱钢结构厂房三维分析方法, columnId=1279793102420415462, journalTitle=钢结构(中英文), columnName=结构设计, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

H形截面楔形梁柱在钢结构厂房中普遍应用,因为楔形构件匹配近似楔形变化的弯矩图可最大化发挥材料性能。GB 51022—2015《门式刚架轻型房屋钢结构技术规范》(简称《门规》)针对轻型房屋的特点,在确保安全的前提下以经济性为首要目标,对楔形梁柱的设计作了专门规定。调查表明,国内主要的钢结构分析软件,均采用二维方法进行楔形梁柱厂房的结构分析,未能充分发挥三维分析的巨大潜力。为此,依据《门规》和PKPM软件,对钢结构厂房分析方法论,楔形构件稳定设计关键点,主流软件分析算例等方面作简要展示,形成了H形截面楔形梁柱钢结构厂房的三维分析方法。分析表明:相较于二维方法,该三维分析方法显现了其广阔的适用性和高效的操作性,同时也凸显了使用者对钢结构稳定理论知识需求的必要性和紧迫性。

, authors=高治辉1, 刘孝国2, 史良相1, authorsList=高治辉, 刘孝国, 史良相, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

高治辉,高级工程师,主要从事钢结构设计。 Email:

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高治辉,高级工程师,主要从事钢结构设计。 Email:

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高治辉,高级工程师,主要从事钢结构设计。 Email:

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figureFileBig=2Fl3ZGBokUE7p1vgqjH4Ag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793112176365613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图4, caption=二维模型左侧来风荷载简图 kN/m, figureFileSmall=Dtfrrbi1GudjZgMSP2wu6g==, figureFileBig=2Fl3ZGBokUE7p1vgqjH4Ag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793112260251694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Schematic diagram of wind load from the right in the 2D model, figureFileSmall=5m3OdN1VT7rPQaVPVh2loQ==, figureFileBig=UwhIWr2jrUqvDay9feY6zA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793112323166255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图5, caption=二维模型右侧来风荷载简图 kN/m, figureFileSmall=5m3OdN1VT7rPQaVPVh2loQ==, figureFileBig=UwhIWr2jrUqvDay9feY6zA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793112407052336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Isometric view 1 of the 3D model, figureFileSmall=pcpb2hbFVjbzLYHVWhEwFA==, figureFileBig=SL06XaFb6ahtpzRYnVlxBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793112490938417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图6, caption=三维模型轴测图1, figureFileSmall=pcpb2hbFVjbzLYHVWhEwFA==, figureFileBig=SL06XaFb6ahtpzRYnVlxBg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793112616767538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Isometric view 2 of the 3D model, figureFileSmall=XRnpidZpsLDW6ccM20CogQ==, figureFileBig=aCZGERAEYbiG+LiD14xdrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793112688070707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图7, caption=三维模型轴测图2, figureFileSmall=XRnpidZpsLDW6ccM20CogQ==, figureFileBig=aCZGERAEYbiG+LiD14xdrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793114357403700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Standard values of bending moment under dead load, figureFileSmall=Ivy5cdTz6fgaiPMZWX/3mg==, figureFileBig=BQfOy1OHQebGfDHGN7jbkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793114428706869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图8, caption=恒载下的弯矩标准值 kN·m, figureFileSmall=Ivy5cdTz6fgaiPMZWX/3mg==, figureFileBig=BQfOy1OHQebGfDHGN7jbkA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793114504204342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Standard values of bending moment under live load, figureFileSmall=cxjjvoAS0T5UeA7IFPjcJA==, figureFileBig=yTckL3G1eFyziESjZzIK0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793114583896119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图9, caption=活载下的弯矩标准值 kN·m, figureFileSmall=cxjjvoAS0T5UeA7IFPjcJA==, figureFileBig=yTckL3G1eFyziESjZzIK0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793114659393592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Standard values of bending moment under wind from the left, figureFileSmall=xvkWaYyRfyR+Obrq08lthg==, figureFileBig=wswdY7YclDeJ776Tp/aWEw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793114722308153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图10, caption=左风下弯矩标准值 kN·m, figureFileSmall=xvkWaYyRfyR+Obrq08lthg==, figureFileBig=wswdY7YclDeJ776Tp/aWEw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793114793611322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Standard values of bending moment under wind from the right, figureFileSmall=T2En2VNVdNrTF0ZN5Q6Xhg==, figureFileBig=vVWvTvDR1sEFEHn6nezlYw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793114873303099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图11, caption=右风下弯矩标准值 kN·m, figureFileSmall=T2En2VNVdNrTF0ZN5Q6Xhg==, figureFileBig=vVWvTvDR1sEFEHn6nezlYw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793114932023356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=Standard values of bending moment under left-EQ, figureFileSmall=8UBlDXER8riaBilv4+qDPA==, figureFileBig=KxcQVFmQuZSb5JM3QCe3Nw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793115020103741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图12, caption=左震下弯矩标准值 kN·m, figureFileSmall=8UBlDXER8riaBilv4+qDPA==, figureFileBig=KxcQVFmQuZSb5JM3QCe3Nw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793115078823998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=Design envelope values of bending moment, figureFileSmall=owGEb/bfssPOwCthJe+AXg==, figureFileBig=wTSIgCSTkEbvEwCIPKO2EQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793115158515775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图13, caption=弯矩包络设计值 kN·m, figureFileSmall=owGEb/bfssPOwCthJe+AXg==, figureFileBig=wTSIgCSTkEbvEwCIPKO2EQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793115242401856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=Stress ratios of steel structure components, figureFileSmall=PGonrFEjRon+QRxfslZjKQ==, figureFileBig=QkrxZIy6mRsry8zejMswYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793115301122113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图14, caption=钢结构应力比, figureFileSmall=PGonrFEjRon+QRxfslZjKQ==, figureFileBig=QkrxZIy6mRsry8zejMswYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793115393396803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Fig.15, caption=Structural diagram for comparative calculation of Appendix A of GB 51022-2015 and Appendix E of GB 50017-2017, figureFileSmall=zt5WWpScgkcRQxZcRTepoQ==, figureFileBig=Hq+tS9zkzmwU1rdmGdXpbA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793115481477188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图15, caption=采用《门规》附录A、《钢标》附录E对比计算的结构简图 mm, figureFileSmall=zt5WWpScgkcRQxZcRTepoQ==, figureFileBig=Hq+tS9zkzmwU1rdmGdXpbA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793115561168965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Fig.16, caption=In-plane effective length coefficients of columns in STS, figureFileSmall=2Lo8lnainem4daZeUlPsKA==, figureFileBig=9EVzXY+trgfVKARO/47g1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793115640860742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图16, caption=STS模型柱平面内计算长度系数, figureFileSmall=2Lo8lnainem4daZeUlPsKA==, figureFileBig=9EVzXY+trgfVKARO/47g1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793115716358215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Fig.17, caption=φ-λb-kσ relationship curves, figureFileSmall=g5rnaB1v0FSxh8aARWORcA==, figureFileBig=E7cKYDXwZv0wk8KfBW255g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793115796049992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=图17, caption=φ-λb-kσ关系曲线, figureFileSmall=g5rnaB1v0FSxh8aARWORcA==, figureFileBig=E7cKYDXwZv0wk8KfBW255g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1279793115871547465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Mainstream design methods for components of steel structure factory buildings

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
设计流程主要内容
内力分析一阶弹性分析得到构件内力
确定构件长度系数简支构件长度系数为1.0
框(刚)架柱平面外有支撑按1.0,有侧移按弹性稳定理论计算
隅撑梁等先求Mcr再求φb
稳定设计与一阶分析相配套的钢结构弹性稳定理论确定构件计算长度或Mcr
构件验算按《钢标》第6~8章、《门规》第7章验算
), ArticleFig(id=1279793115947044938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

钢结构厂房构件设计主流方法

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
设计流程主要内容
内力分析一阶弹性分析得到构件内力
确定构件长度系数简支构件长度系数为1.0
框(刚)架柱平面外有支撑按1.0,有侧移按弹性稳定理论计算
隅撑梁等先求Mcr再求φb
稳定设计与一阶分析相配套的钢结构弹性稳定理论确定构件计算长度或Mcr
构件验算按《钢标》第6~8章、《门规》第7章验算
), ArticleFig(id=1279793116026736715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Main analysis items for components of steel structure factory buildings

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
构件内力强度稳定特殊情形特殊对策
M、N、V变截面带轴压力《门规》
M、N、V变截面带轴压力《门规》
N均等截面,无特殊
), ArticleFig(id=1279793116131594316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

钢结构厂房构件主要分析内容

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
构件内力强度稳定特殊情形特殊对策
M、N、V变截面带轴压力《门规》
M、N、V变截面带轴压力《门规》
N均等截面,无特殊
), ArticleFig(id=1279793116202897485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Stress conditions for components of steel structure factory buildings

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
构件受力特点项目影响因素及平面内外
主平面受力强度荷载及作用
稳定平面外支撑情况
支撑架的单向压弯柱强度荷载及作用
稳定平面内压弯+平面外轴压
被支撑的单向压弯柱强度荷载及作用的效应
稳定平面内压弯+平面外轴压
双向侧移的双向压弯柱强度荷载及作用
稳定平面内压弯+平面外压弯
单独受拉杆强度水平荷载及作用轴心力
拉压交替杆强度水平荷载及作用轴心力
稳定各主轴分别验算稳定
), ArticleFig(id=1279793116299366478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

钢结构厂房构件受力概况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
构件受力特点项目影响因素及平面内外
主平面受力强度荷载及作用
稳定平面外支撑情况
支撑架的单向压弯柱强度荷载及作用
稳定平面内压弯+平面外轴压
被支撑的单向压弯柱强度荷载及作用的效应
稳定平面内压弯+平面外轴压
双向侧移的双向压弯柱强度荷载及作用
稳定平面内压弯+平面外压弯
单独受拉杆强度水平荷载及作用轴心力
拉压交替杆强度水平荷载及作用轴心力
稳定各主轴分别验算稳定
), ArticleFig(id=1279793116379058255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Design logic for components of steel structure factory buildings

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目构件内力与结果的辩证逻辑
标准内力网格、布置、约束、边界、单元、荷载、方法一致,则单工况内力一致
计算长度网格、布置、约束、边界、单元、方法一致,则计算长度系数一致
荷载组合组合一致、规定一致,则验算结果一致
构件强度采用最不利包络与稳定验算,工况未必一致
构件稳定按“梁”时取包络工况,结果一致,按“柱”时需考虑NM的叠加逻辑
需考虑NM的叠加逻辑,较复杂
采用包络工况,结果一致
), ArticleFig(id=1279793116471332944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

钢结构厂房构件的设计逻辑

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目构件内力与结果的辩证逻辑
标准内力网格、布置、约束、边界、单元、荷载、方法一致,则单工况内力一致
计算长度网格、布置、约束、边界、单元、方法一致,则计算长度系数一致
荷载组合组合一致、规定一致,则验算结果一致
构件强度采用最不利包络与稳定验算,工况未必一致
构件稳定按“梁”时取包络工况,结果一致,按“柱”时需考虑NM的叠加逻辑
需考虑NM的叠加逻辑,较复杂
采用包络工况,结果一致
), ArticleFig(id=1279793116542636113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Design basis for the STS program

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目截面构件情况执行规范标准条文

变截面N支撑梁《门规》第7.1.4条
N隅撑梁《门规》第7.1.4、7.1.6条
N支撑梁《门规》第7.1.5条
N隅撑梁《门规》第7.1.4~5条
等截面N支撑梁《门规》第7.1.4条
《钢标》第C.0.1条
N隅撑梁《门规》第7.1.4、7.1.6条
N支撑梁《门规》第7.1.3~5条
《钢标》第8.2.1条
N隅撑梁《门规》第7.1.4~6条

变截面《门规》第7.1.3条及附录A
等截面阶形柱《门规》第7.1.3条及附录A
非阶形柱《门规》第7.1.3条及附录A或《钢标》第8.3.1条

变截面支撑柱(跨中无荷载)《门规》第7.1.4条
隅撑柱《门规》第7.1.6条
等截面支撑柱《钢标》第8.2.1条或《门规》第7.1.4~5条
隅撑柱《门规》第7.1.6条
), ArticleFig(id=1279793116618133586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

程序STS的设计依据

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目截面构件情况执行规范标准条文

变截面N支撑梁《门规》第7.1.4条
N隅撑梁《门规》第7.1.4、7.1.6条
N支撑梁《门规》第7.1.5条
N隅撑梁《门规》第7.1.4~5条
等截面N支撑梁《门规》第7.1.4条
《钢标》第C.0.1条
N隅撑梁《门规》第7.1.4、7.1.6条
N支撑梁《门规》第7.1.3~5条
《钢标》第8.2.1条
N隅撑梁《门规》第7.1.4~6条

变截面《门规》第7.1.3条及附录A
等截面阶形柱《门规》第7.1.3条及附录A
非阶形柱《门规》第7.1.3条及附录A或《钢标》第8.3.1条

变截面支撑柱(跨中无荷载)《门规》第7.1.4条
隅撑柱《门规》第7.1.6条
等截面支撑柱《钢标》第8.2.1条或《门规》第7.1.4~5条
隅撑柱《门规》第7.1.6条
), ArticleFig(id=1279793116685242451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Design basis for the SAT program

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项次截面执行规范标准条文
梁面外等截面《钢标》第6.2.2条、C.0.1或《门规》第7.1.3~6条,但kσ=1.0
变截面《门规》第7.1.3~6条,但kσ=1.0
梁面内等截面《钢标》第8.2.1条
变截面《门规》第7.1.3条
柱面外等截面《钢标》第8.2.1条、C.0.5或《门规》第7.1.3~6条,但kσ=-1.0
变截面《门规》第7.1.3~6条,但kσ=-1.0
柱面内等截面《钢标》第8.2.1条及附录E
变截面《门规》第7.1.3条及附录A
), ArticleFig(id=1279793116777517140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

程序SAT的设计依据

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项次截面执行规范标准条文
梁面外等截面《钢标》第6.2.2条、C.0.1或《门规》第7.1.3~6条,但kσ=1.0
变截面《门规》第7.1.3~6条,但kσ=1.0
梁面内等截面《钢标》第8.2.1条
变截面《门规》第7.1.3条
柱面外等截面《钢标》第8.2.1条、C.0.5或《门规》第7.1.3~6条,但kσ=-1.0
变截面《门规》第7.1.3~6条,但kσ=-1.0
柱面内等截面《钢标》第8.2.1条及附录E
变截面《门规》第7.1.3条及附录A
), ArticleFig(id=1279793116857208917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

Parameters of factory building components

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号构件截面/mm长度/m材 质
GL-1H(800~550)×300×6×168.0Q355B
GL-2H550×250×6×148.0Q355B
GL-3H(550~800)×300×6×168.0Q355B
GL-4H500×300×6×168.0Q355B
GL-5H(500~350)×250×6×128.0Q355B
GL-6H(350~500)×250×6×128.0Q355B
GZ-1H500×300×8×1618.0Q355B
GZ-2H400×300×8×166.0Q355B
GZ-3H500×300×8×166.0Q355B
GZ-4H500×300×8×167.2Q355B
GZ-5H500×300×8×166.0Q355B
GZ-6H500×300×8×166.8Q355B
GZ-7H500×300×8×165.2Q355B
GZ-8H400×250×8×126.0Q355B
), ArticleFig(id=1279793116949483606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

厂房构件参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号构件截面/mm长度/m材 质
GL-1H(800~550)×300×6×168.0Q355B
GL-2H550×250×6×148.0Q355B
GL-3H(550~800)×300×6×168.0Q355B
GL-4H500×300×6×168.0Q355B
GL-5H(500~350)×250×6×128.0Q355B
GL-6H(350~500)×250×6×128.0Q355B
GZ-1H500×300×8×1618.0Q355B
GZ-2H400×300×8×166.0Q355B
GZ-3H500×300×8×166.0Q355B
GZ-4H500×300×8×167.2Q355B
GZ-5H500×300×8×166.0Q355B
GZ-6H500×300×8×166.8Q355B
GZ-7H500×300×8×165.2Q355B
GZ-8H400×250×8×126.0Q355B
), ArticleFig(id=1279793117033369687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=

Comparison of effective lengths between Appendix A of GB 51022-2015 and Appendix E of GB 50017-2017

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
计算规范依据不同情况下的计算长度系数
零阶底部铰接零阶底部刚接一阶顶部自由一阶顶部无转动二阶顶部自由二阶顶部无转动

A.0.3

A.0.4

A.0.5

E.0.2

E.0.3

E.0.4

E.0.5

E.0.6

2.65

2.56

1.32

1.27

3.37

3.16

1.84

1.84

4.45

3.76

3.31

2.76

), ArticleFig(id=1279793117121450072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

《门规》附录A、《钢标》附录E计算长度对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
计算规范依据不同情况下的计算长度系数
零阶底部铰接零阶底部刚接一阶顶部自由一阶顶部无转动二阶顶部自由二阶顶部无转动

A.0.3

A.0.4

A.0.5

E.0.2

E.0.3

E.0.4

E.0.5

E.0.6

2.65

2.56

1.32

1.27

3.37

3.16

1.84

1.84

4.45

3.76

3.31

2.76

), ArticleFig(id=1279793118912417881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Table 9, caption=

Results of the out-of-plane stability for beams in SAT

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
构件段端点弯矩/(kN·m)轴力/kNCλb构件长度/mm等效长度/mmφb3
弯矩下轴力下
AB梁段A487430.3730.010.771800016003.77
B-390不计算
CD梁段C609700.4670.0160.771800016001.22
D-349不计算
EF梁段E727700.5630.0160.771800016001.09
F-268不计算
构件段端点STS中参数SAT1中参数SAT2中参数
φb1ρ1kσ(轴力下)φb2ρ2kσ(轴力下)φb4ρ3kσ(轴力下)
AB梁段A1.0-1.250.401.01.01.0
B0.190.950.37
CD梁段C0.91-0.820.401.01.01.0
D0.361.180.47
EF梁段E0.86-0.570.401.01.01.0
F0.541.430.56
), ArticleFig(id=1279793119008886874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=表9, caption=

SAT中钢梁平面外稳定性计算结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
构件段端点弯矩/(kN·m)轴力/kNCλb构件长度/mm等效长度/mmφb3
弯矩下轴力下
AB梁段A487430.3730.010.771800016003.77
B-390不计算
CD梁段C609700.4670.0160.771800016001.22
D-349不计算
EF梁段E727700.5630.0160.771800016001.09
F-268不计算
构件段端点STS中参数SAT1中参数SAT2中参数
φb1ρ1kσ(轴力下)φb2ρ2kσ(轴力下)φb4ρ3kσ(轴力下)
AB梁段A1.0-1.250.401.01.01.0
B0.190.950.37
CD梁段C0.91-0.820.401.01.01.0
D0.361.180.47
EF梁段E0.86-0.570.401.01.01.0
F0.541.430.56
), ArticleFig(id=1279793119075995739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=EN, label=Table 10, caption=

Results of the out-of-plane stability for columns in SAT

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
构件段端点弯矩/(kN·m)轴力/kNCλb构件长度/mm等效长度/mmφb3
弯矩下轴力下
PN柱段P4151710.5340.0420.636600055000.95
N-18不计算
AM柱段A4861790.6300.0440.7686000102000.83
M241不计算
GH柱段G6091840.7860.0450.771600081001.09
H159不计算
构件段端点STS中参数SAT1中参数SAT2中参数
φb1ρ1kσ(轴力下)φb2ρ2kσ(轴力下)φb4ρ3kσ(轴力下)
PN柱段P0.94-0.050.910.050.951.00
N0.550.580.54
AM柱段A0.780.501.00-0.500.83-0.50
M0.860.590.85
GH柱段G0.840.261.00-0.260.87-0.26
H1.000.801.00
), ArticleFig(id=1279793119172464732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1278651655809875976, articleId=1279793102047122403, language=CN, label=表10, caption=

SAT中钢柱平面外稳定性计算结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
构件段端点弯矩/(kN·m)轴力/kNCλb构件长度/mm等效长度/mmφb3
弯矩下轴力下
PN柱段P4151710.5340.0420.636600055000.95
N-18不计算
AM柱段A4861790.6300.0440.7686000102000.83
M241不计算
GH柱段G6091840.7860.0450.771600081001.09
H159不计算
构件段端点STS中参数SAT1中参数SAT2中参数
φb1ρ1kσ(轴力下)φb2ρ2kσ(轴力下)φb4ρ3kσ(轴力下)
PN柱段P0.94-0.050.910.050.951.00
N0.550.580.54
AM柱段A0.780.501.00-0.500.83-0.50
M0.860.590.85
GH柱段G0.840.261.00-0.260.87-0.26
H1.000.801.00
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H形截面楔形梁柱钢结构厂房三维分析方法
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高治辉 1 , 刘孝国 2 , 史良相 1
钢结构(中英文) | 结构设计 2026,41(5): 69-78
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钢结构(中英文) |结构设计 2026 , 41 (5) : 69 -78
H形截面楔形梁柱钢结构厂房三维分析方法
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高治辉,高级工程师,主要从事钢结构设计。 Email:

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高治辉,高级工程师,主要从事钢结构设计。 Email:

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高治辉1 , 刘孝国2, 史良相1
作者信息
  • 1中国汽车工业工程有限公司,天津 300113
  • 2北京构力科技有限公司,北京 100013
作者简介:

高治辉,高级工程师,主要从事钢结构设计。 Email:

Three-Dimensional Analysis Method for Steel Structure Factory Buildings with H-Section Tapered Beams and Columns
Zhihui Gao1 , Xiaoguo Liu2, Liangxiang Shi1
Affiliations
  • 1Automotive Engineering Corporation, Tianjin 300113, China
  • 2Beijing Glory PKPM Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China
出版时间: 2026-05-22 doi: 10.13206/j.gjgS24071002
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H形截面楔形梁柱在钢结构厂房中普遍应用,因为楔形构件匹配近似楔形变化的弯矩图可最大化发挥材料性能。GB 51022—2015《门式刚架轻型房屋钢结构技术规范》(简称《门规》)针对轻型房屋的特点,在确保安全的前提下以经济性为首要目标,对楔形梁柱的设计作了专门规定。调查表明,国内主要的钢结构分析软件,均采用二维方法进行楔形梁柱厂房的结构分析,未能充分发挥三维分析的巨大潜力。为此,依据《门规》和PKPM软件,对钢结构厂房分析方法论,楔形构件稳定设计关键点,主流软件分析算例等方面作简要展示,形成了H形截面楔形梁柱钢结构厂房的三维分析方法。分析表明:相较于二维方法,该三维分析方法显现了其广阔的适用性和高效的操作性,同时也凸显了使用者对钢结构稳定理论知识需求的必要性和紧迫性。

H形截面楔形梁柱  /  等效弯矩系数  /  隅撑-弹性约束  /  支撑约束

H-section tapered beams and columns are widely used in steel structure factory buildings because tapered members can maximize material performance by matching the approximately triangular bending moment diagram. The Technical Code for Steel Structure of Light-Weight Buildings with Gabled Frames (GB 51022-2015), considering the characteristics of light-weight buildings, has made specific provisions for the design of tapered beams and columns, with economy as the primary goal while ensuring safety. Research indicates that major domestic steel structure analysis software adoptes two-dimensional analysis for factory buildings with tapered beams and columns, failing to fully exploit the huge potential of three-dimensional analysis. Based on GB 51022-2015 and PKPM software, this paper briefly presents the analysis methodology for steel structure factory buildings, key points of stability design for tapered members, and analysis examples using mainstream software, thereby proposing a three-dimensional analysis method for factory buildings with H-section tapered beams and columns. Compared with the two-dimensional analysis method, the three-dimensional analysis method demonstrateds broad applicability and high operational efficiency, while also emphasizing the necessity and urgency for users to master knowledge of steel structure stability theory.

H-section tapered beams and columns  /  equivalent moment coefficient  /  diagonal brace-elastic restraint  /  bracing restraint
高治辉, 刘孝国, 史良相. H形截面楔形梁柱钢结构厂房三维分析方法. 钢结构(中英文), 2026 , 41 (5) : 69 -78 . DOI: 10.13206/j.gjgS24071002
Zhihui Gao, Xiaoguo Liu, Liangxiang Shi. Three-Dimensional Analysis Method for Steel Structure Factory Buildings with H-Section Tapered Beams and Columns[J]. Steel Construction, 2026 , 41 (5) : 69 -78 . DOI: 10.13206/j.gjgS24071002
随着钢结构厂房体型的日益复杂,基于单榀二维分析的计算方法,已不能满足结构受力分析追求高效精准的需求。针对H形截面楔形梁柱钢结构厂房的三维分析方法,尚无完善的研究成果。笔者基于受力原理和规范,梳理底层逻辑,研究了三维分析方法。该方法具备以下优势:1)满足箱型柱双向框架体系必须采用三维整体分析的基本需求;2)满足多单体联合厂房分缝时,基础设计的自动导荷、自动生成联合基础的需求;3)满足厂房恒、活、风自动导算,纵向地震作用与风荷载自动计算,自动计算支撑的需求;4)满足下部钢框架+顶层抽柱轻型屋盖厂房的抗震性能化设计需求;5)满足抽柱托换厂房的精细化设计、创新设计需求;6)解决正向设计的二维模型无法用于BIM导模的问题;7)解决二维分榀计算模型文件过多、操作繁琐的问题;8)解决风荷载各区域(中间区、边角区域)的准确、快捷输入;9)满足基础杯口短柱墩的建模,提高基础设计经济性、合理性的需求;10)解决一个模型全面自动统计用钢量的需求。鉴于以上优势,笔者基于PKPM结构软件,在系统研究钢结构稳定理论和设计方法的基础上,依据相关规范对H形截面楔形梁柱钢结构厂房做了三维分析。
目前钢结构厂房受力分析采用有限元电算方法占据主流,技术条件1采用专门为楔形杆件推导的刚度矩阵和荷载向量,通过体系求解可得到楔形杆件内力。对于构件布置、荷载分布一定的结构,采用杆系有限元模型和一阶弹性分析方法,可得到相同的内力。框架梁通常在其主平面内受弯,框架柱随着框架梁的布置可能承受多个方向的弯矩,即框架梁按单向受弯,框架柱按单向或双向受弯。门式刚架结构通常沿厂房纵向设置柱间支撑,柱为跨度方向的单向压弯构件。GB 51022—2015《门式刚架轻型房屋钢结构技术规范》2(简称《门规》)第6.1.3条指出“当未设置柱间支撑时,柱脚应设计成刚接,柱应按双向受力进行设计计算”,《门规》第7.1.3条及第7.1.5条均为跨度平面内单向受弯的稳定验算。GB 50017—2017《钢结构设计标准》3(简称《钢标》)第8.1.1、8.2.1、8.2.5条对钢柱单向受弯及双向受弯分别作了规定。
综上所述,钢结构厂房须进行双向受力设计。按单向框架设计钢柱时,须满足垂直方向完全依靠支撑,柱子在该方向不产生弯矩;按双向框架设计时,柱子应按双向压弯构件设计,应采用三维整体模型,以考虑柱子同时承受双向弯矩。三维分析模型得到的柱子各向弯矩,执行《钢标》中关于钢柱双向压弯设计的规定,即完成了三维整体分析和设计的特别内容。本文将H形截面楔形梁柱钢结构厂房(简称SSFB)三维分析视作钢结构厂房设计的通用方法,案例分析采用北京构力科技有限公司的PKPM结构软件,其中钢结构二维分析模块简称STS程序,三维分析模块简称SATWE(或SAT)程序。分析中需要首先厘清通用力学、规范规定和程序执行情况等细则,详见表1~6
某钢结构厂房采用檩条+压型钢板的轻型围护,二维模型构件及荷载布置见图1~5,三维模型除纵向设置交叉柱撑外,模型横向采用与二维模型相同的构件及荷载布置,三维模型的轴测图见图6~7,二维模型与三维模型计算结果比对见图8~14图1各构件截面及长度详见表7
图1~13表明:二维与三维模型的构件和荷载布置一致时,计算内力一致。图14表明:采用相同的设计准则(构件验算的规范细则),二维与三维计算结果一致。下文就内力计算作简要说明,就构件设计作详细说明。
二维STS模型与三维SATWE模型中,荷载输入的最大区别在于风荷载。《门规》关于厂房风荷载的特别规定,主要体现在:1)外围梁柱上风荷载以线性均布形式直接作用于构件而集中力作用于楼层处或节点处;2)屋面梁承受风吸力;3)屋面梁坡度影响风荷载分布;4)房屋内部风压±0.36 kN/m2,对风荷载分布的影响;5)房屋中间区、边区、角部的风荷载差异等。在SATWE模型中按“特殊风荷载”,实现与STS模型相同的风荷载布置。指定屋面、墙面风荷载系数,程序可自动导算加载到梁柱上。
1)有效截面。《钢标》《门规》关于构件强度验算,主要区别在基于板件宽厚比的有效截面计算及腹板屈曲后强度。对受压的梁柱翼缘,应限制其宽厚比等级在S1~S4范围内,不进行翼缘屈曲后的有效截面设计。
2)验算部位。应选取构件的最不利横断面验算强度。对于楔形梁柱,可取若干等分点分别验算并取最不利结果。需要说明的是,最不利部位可能不是弯矩最大部位。
3)腹板屈曲。承受剪应力为主的梁腹板,《钢标》仅考虑等截面梁,《门规》可以考虑变截面梁。
1)《钢标》仅规定等截面构件构成的体系及等截面构件,仅规定简支梁、“梁端有弯矩,但跨内无荷载作用”的梁;《门规》规定H形截面楔形构件的体系、构件的稳定。
2)《钢标》规定“梁端有弯矩,同时跨内无荷载作用”,用以剔除荷载作用高度参数对梁稳定性的影响,适用于无檩条的独立梁;《门规》规定“梁端有弯矩,同时跨内无荷载作用”的楔形托架梁,是《钢标》“端弯矩梁”规定的通解。
3)《钢标》《门规》仅规定线性弯矩的“端弯矩梁”。对于跨度内有荷载的非线性“端弯矩梁”,根据童根树教授在《钢结构的平面外稳定》4中的建议:当无次结构时,宜在反弯处设置约束扭转的支撑,分段验算各单曲弯曲梁段的稳定性。
4)《门规》考虑檩条轴向支承作用和蒙皮效应,按刚架梁上翼缘无侧移考虑,作为《门规》式(7.1.4-2)、(7.1.4-10)考虑kσ负值时对梁平面外稳定有利影响的前提;《门规》第7.1.4条文说明指出“本条专门为房屋抽柱而增设的托梁进行稳定性计算而制定的,也可用于类似情况。屋面梁如果不设隅撑,有明确的侧向支承点,侧向支承点之间的区段稳定性按照本条计算”。
5)檩条属于次结构,次结构对主结构产生非线性的弯矩图形,同时次结构又支撑钢梁的上翼缘及钢柱的外翼缘,此时可忽略荷载作用于受弯构件上下翼缘的部位差异,即忽略了荷载作用部位对弯扭屈曲二阶效应的影响,可理解为满足了线性弯矩的要求,因为线性弯矩只对应跨内无荷载作用;《门规》第7.1.4条第1款规定了“承受线性变化弯矩”的前提,研究表明其未包括简支梁。由于简支梁的两端弯矩均为零,此时,端弯矩比0/0和纯弯曲端弯矩比1/1是截然不同的受力状态。
《门规》是现行规范中唯一对H形截面楔形梁柱作系统详细规定的国标规范,弥补了其他规范标准未能覆盖的领域,逼近了钢结构稳定的本质。
1) 《门规》A.0.1~A.0.3:针对单层刚架,以H形截面楔形梁柱的大小端截面惯性矩I、截面回转半径i、构件几何长度S为基本变量,以解析式给出梁对柱的转动约束Kz,以及梁对柱约束的定量化参数K,突破了等截面梁柱线刚度比的概念,最终得到基于弹性稳定理论的有侧移框架的柱计算长度系数。
2) 《门规》A.0.4~A.0.5:分别针对一阶、二阶柱(三段柱)刚架,以H形截面楔形梁柱的大小端截面惯性矩I、截面回转半径i、构件几何长度S、各段柱轴力N为基本变量,以解析式给出梁对柱的转动约束Kz以及梁对柱约束的定量化参数K,最终得到基于弹性稳定理论的有侧移框架的柱计算长度系数。
3) 《门规》中引入柱轴力,突破了框架柱计算长度系数仅与梁柱线刚度有关的概念,因为轴压力使柱子抗弯刚度降低,上下柱轴力的差异导致上柱扶持下柱。二阶效应是稳定问题的根源,在二阶分析的全过程模拟中,构件由于轴压力产生负刚度而导致其抗弯刚度减小,发生相对较大的弯曲变形,在节点转动后建立新的平衡,扶持现象由此发生。式(1)等号右边的第2项为上层梁对柱子的转动约束的变化量,式中各参数详见《门规》附录A.0.4。如该变化量为负值,则总的转动约束降低,上柱计算长度将变大。
K1=Kz16ic2+b+b2-4ac12a
一阶弹性内力分析+计算长度系数法的构件设计方法,是目前钢结构稳定的主流设计方法。对H形截面楔形梁柱稳定算式编程计算,方法及结果与PKPM一致,为SATWE三维分析方法提供了可行性。下文从结构体系、结构构件的稳定验算两个层面说明。
1)结构体系。
《门规》A.0.1~A.0.5是普适性规律,其适用性可覆盖《钢标》E.0.1~E.0.4,因为等截面是楔形的特例。以图15中右1、右2、右3钢柱依次代表单层柱、一阶柱、二阶柱;以梁端简支(铰接)考虑柱顶及中间节点自由;以梁柱线刚度比ib/ic=3近似考虑“柱顶可以移动但不转动”,此时24 m跨屋面梁截面尺寸取H1600×350×8×18。
图15所示结构的钢柱平面内计算长度系数对比结果详见表8图16的梁柱稳定性计算详见表910。表中,C为在MN单独作用下的强度应力比;λb为正则化长细比;SAT1为按实际长度、按kσ=1.0、按《门规》进行的SATWE计算;SAT2为按等效长度、按kσ=1.0、按《门规》进行的SATWE计算;ρ为以应力比表达的梁平面外稳定性;φb1为STS隅撑确定的梁平面外稳定系数;φb2为SAT1中以梁段长度计算的稳定系数;φb3为SAT2与STS结果相等所需稳定系数;φb4为SAT2减小Iyy向截面惯性矩)以逼近STS的稳定系数。
2)结构构件。
由于钢柱的平面内稳定计算不涉及kσ,程序执行相关规范规定即可得到理想的结果,本文不再赘述。“梁-柱”构件是指同时承受弯矩和轴力,需按弯扭相关公式考虑弯扭屈曲的构件,其平面外稳定的情形可细分如下:
a.情形1:刚架梁每道檩条均设置隅撑,且符合《门规》第7.1.6条第4款要求时,按式(2)计算刚架梁段的弹性屈曲临界弯矩Mcr1如下。
Mcr1=GJ+2ekbEIye12+EIω2e1-βx
b.情形2:刚架梁间隔檩条设置隅撑,且符合《门规》第7.1.6条第4款要求时,如隅撑间距的3倍长度不大于验算梁段长度,可按《门规》中式(7.16-3)计算刚架梁段的弹性屈曲临界弯矩Mcr。例如檩条间距1.5 m,隅撑间隔1道檩条布置,隅撑间距3 m,梁段长度10 m(9 m≤10 m),此时隅撑间距lkk=3000 mm。
c.情形3:刚架梁间隔檩条设置隅撑,且符合《门规》第7.1.6条第4款要求时,如隅撑间距的3倍长度大于验算梁段长度,不可按式(3)计算刚架梁段的弹性屈曲临界弯矩Mcr。例如檩条间距1.5 m,隅撑间隔1道檩条布置,隅撑间距2.4 m,梁段长度8 m(9 m≥ 8 m)。应按文献[4]给出的公式[式(3)]计算弹性屈曲临界弯矩Mcr2,其中L取2倍隅撑间距。取Mcr1Mcr2两者的较小值作为Mcr的代表值。式(3)由《钢结构的平面外稳定》[4] P325给出如下公式:
Mcr2=π2EIye2+EIω+GJL22e-βxL2
d.情形4:不设置隅撑,在梁的受压翼缘设置刚性系杆作为梁侧向支撑,按《门规》中公式[式(4)]计算弹性屈曲临界弯矩Mcr
Mcr=C1π2EIyL2βxη+βxη2+IωηIy1+GJηL2π2EIωη
稳定性计算:根据《门规》第7.1.4-2~第7.1.4-8条,由前述Mcr计算λb,最终求得φb
当验算梁段仅承受弯矩时,按《门规》式(7.1.4-1),即式(5)验算稳定性。
M1γxφbWx1f
当验算梁段承受弯矩外尚有轴压力时,按《门规》式(7.1.5-1),即式(6)验算稳定性。
N1ηtyφyAe1f+(M1φbγxWe1f)1.3-0.3kσ1
SATWE计算钢梁时取kσ=1.0,计算钢柱时取-0.5 kσ,STS取实际计算kσ值进行H形截面楔形梁柱的平面外稳定计算,即以式(6)左端STS计算值作为稳定计算的目标值,通过调整SATWE模型中梁的平面外长度来达到相同的目标值ρ
ρ1=Nηtyφy1Ae1f+(M1φb1γxWe1f)1.3-0.3kσ
ρ3=Nηtyφy3Ae1f+(M1φb3γxWe1f)1.3-0.3×1
式中:φy1φy3分别为计算长度修改前后的轴心受压弱轴方向稳定系数;φb1φb3分别为按实际kσkσ=1.0计算的钢梁平面外稳定系数(需求值,不保证满足φ<1.0的限值条件);NM1分别为控制梁段平面外稳定的大端轴力设计值、弯矩设计值。
计算表明,5%屋面坡度的轻型门式刚架厂房,在8 m平面外计算长度时,轴力产生的平面外稳定应力仅占总应力的2%~3%(减小计算长度后,占比更小),故取φy1=φy3可简化计算,省去迭代计算长度的繁琐过程。
ρ1=ρ3,消去轴力N项,则有:
 (M1φb1γxWe1f)1.3-0.3kσ=M1φb3γxWe1f
取受弯强度应力比为C
M1γxWe1f=C
C代入式(8),则有:
Cφb11.3-0.3kσ=Cφb3
φb3=φb11.3-0.3kσC0.3-0.3kσ
φb3实际上是等式求解的需求值,根据以下参数进行计算可得到需求值:采用隅撑弹性作为刚架梁平面外稳定的边界条件。檩条Z220×75×20×2.0,跨度8 m,每道檩条均设隅撑,檩条间距1.2 m,隅撑截面∟63×5,与屋面夹角45°,檩条截面形心到刚架梁上翼缘中心的距离a=290 mm。
选取图1ABCDEF梁段进行比对计算(采用SATWE三维模型内力),计算结果见表9。其中STS结果符合《门规》要求,SAT1结果不满足《门规》要求,SAT2结果不符合《门规》要求但偏安全。STS的kσ为负值且较小时,加之隅撑弹性支撑作用相对较强,均导致φb计算值较大,从而综合导致在SATWE采用减小计算长度法,也无法达到较小的目标应力比ρ1
SAT2的结果一般不小于STS结果,但远小于SAT1结果,在目前软件条件下,具有较强的工程实用意义。在刚架上翼缘有密布檩条、檩条开标准圆孔与檩托采用螺栓可靠连接、檩条有屋面板可靠连接时,刚架梁的平面外稳定设计是有依据、安全可靠的。
图17表明,随着kσ减小,φ-λb-kσ曲线抬高。作φ=1.0的水平线与各曲线相交,各交点的λbkσ减小而增大,达到相同稳定系数的λb增大,意味着梁平面外稳定更容易满足,相应的支撑要求降低。由kσ的定义[式(11)]不难得知,对于柱边梁段,由于存在正负弯矩变化,小端kσ负值越小,正弯矩段相对越长(《门规》规定承受线性变化弯矩的楔形变截面梁段的稳定性)。而正弯矩段上翼缘受压但不失稳,作为下翼缘受压梁段有利支撑,相当于梁的失稳段变短,等效于缩短了简支梁的平面外计算长度。
kσ=σ0σ1=M0Wx0M1Wx1=M0M1Wx1Wx0
本文阐述了H形截面楔形梁柱钢结构厂房的内力分析、梁柱构件稳定设计的规范依据和受力原理,使用SAT三维模块开展了钢结构厂房的三维整体分析与设计,结果与二维模块一致。表明该三维方法关于梁柱稳定的参数正确、操作规范,对于提高设计效率具有一定的现实意义。同时给出对规范和软件的建议:1)《门规》应明确带轴压力的梁须采用柱子的公式计算其平面外稳定;2)《门规》应明确,隅撑连续布置是可以考虑隅撑弹性支承作用的必要条件,避免不当布置隅撑;3)软件宜适时完善SAT三维模块,实现钢结构厂房的三维通用设计。

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doi: 10.13206/j.gjgS24071002
  • 接收时间:2024-07-10
  • 首发时间:2026-07-03
  • 出版时间:2026-05-22
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-10
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    1中国汽车工业工程有限公司,天津 300113
    2北京构力科技有限公司,北京 100013
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
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species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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