Article(id=1311998694103286228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, issueId=1311998530802250506, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025140, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1747324800000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-16, revisedDate=1766678400000, revisedDateStr=2025-12-26, acceptedDate=1769702400000, acceptedDateStr=2026-01-30, onlineDate=1790734464431, onlineDateStr=2026-09-30, pubDate=1787846400000, pubDateStr=2026-08-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790734464431, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790734464431, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790734464431, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1311998530802250506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, year='2026', volume='32', issue='4', pageStart='771', pageEnd='998', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1787846400000', pubDateStr='2026-08-28', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790734425497, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790739498146, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1312019807097160415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, issueId=1311998530802250506, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1312019807097160416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, issueId=1311998530802250506, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=877, endPage=888, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1311998694526910933, articleId=1311998694103286228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, language=EN, title=Diffusion coefficients and multi-scale diffusion models of shale oil and gas, columnId=1311998584313184930, journalTitle=Journal of Geomechanics, columnName=Energy Resources Geology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To elucidate the diffusion mechanisms of shale oil and gas in nano- to microscale pore-fracture systems and overcome the limitations of conventional models in cross-scale prediction, this study investigates the diffusion characteristics and controlling factors of shale fluids across multiscale porous media.

Methods

High-temperature and high-pressure diffusion experiments were conducted on matrix and bedding-fractured core samples with varying petrophysical properties. A multiscale diffusion model was developed by coupling fractal theory, a tortuous capillary-bundle representation, and a confinement-corrected Peng–Robinson equation of state to account for pore-size distribution, tortuosity, phase saturation, and nanoscale fluid–wall interactions.

Results

Nanoscale confinement leads to phase-diagram contraction and a leftward shift of the critical point, substantially weakening diffusion capacity in confined spaces. Porosity and permeability are the primary structural controls: when porosity increases from 5.68% to 10.53%, gas and liquid diffusion coefficients increase by approximately one order of magnitude; when bedding-fracture permeability increases from 1.69 ×10−15 m2 to 404.88 ×10−15 m2, diffusion coefficients rise by about three to four times. Increasing pressure (10~36 MPa) suppresses gas-phase diffusion but enhances liquid-phase diffusion, whereas higher temperatures (80~115 °C) promote diffusion overall.

Conclusions

The proposed fractal–confinement diffusion model accurately matches the experimental results and reveals key nanoscale mechanisms, including a ~10−5 reduction in effective diffusivity relative to bulk fluids and diffusion capacities in fractures that exceed those of the matrix by one to two orders of magnitude.

Significance

This model enables structural-sensitivity analysis and cross-scale prediction of diffusion processes, providing theoretical support for the quantitative characterization of shale-fluid migration and the optimization of reservoir development.

, authors=Mingdi ZHANG1, Guangdong ZHANG2, Langtao ZHU1, Sijin MENG1, authorsList=Mingdi ZHANG, Guangdong ZHANG, Langtao ZHU, Sijin MENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Mingdi ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2026 Journal of Geomechanics. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1311998707906740801, articleId=1311998694103286228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, language=CN, title=页岩油气扩散系数及多尺度油气扩散模型研究, columnId=1311998584489345700, journalTitle=地质力学学报, columnName=能源地质, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对页岩油气在纳米–微米级孔缝体系中扩散机理不清、传统模型难以实现跨尺度预测的问题,通过结合高温高压扩散实验、分形理论建模与纳米限域效应,系统研究了页岩油气在多尺度孔缝介质中的扩散特征及其主控因素。结果表明,纳米限域效应导致相图内缩和临界点左移,显著削弱受限空间内的扩散能力。孔隙度与渗透率是主要结构控制因素:当孔隙度由5.68%增至10.53%时,气液扩散系数均提高约一个数量级;页理缝渗透率由1.69 ×10−15 m2增至404.88 ×10−15 m2时,扩散系数增大约3~4倍。压力升高(10~36 MPa)抑制气相扩散而增强液相扩散,温度升高(80~115 ℃)整体促进扩散。构建的分形–限域模型可准确拟合实验,并揭示有效扩散系数在纳米尺度较体相降低约10−5、裂缝扩散能力高于基质1~2个数量级,实现了多尺度扩散的结构敏感性分析与跨尺度预测。研究成果可为页岩油气扩散机理定量刻画及储层开发优化提供理论支撑。

, authors=张明迪1, 张广东2, 祝浪涛1, 蒙思锦1, authorsList=张明迪, 张广东, 祝浪涛, 蒙思锦, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=张明迪, authorNote=

作者贡献声明

张明迪负责论文构思、数据分析、研究方法和论文写作;张广东、祝浪涛参与数据分析和技术手段的实践应用和绘图;祝浪涛、蒙思锦参与数据分析、研究方法和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意稿件的提交和发表。

Author’s Contributions

ZHANG Mingdi conceived the study, performed data analysis, designed the research methodology, and drafted the manuscript; ZHANG Guangdong and ZHU Langtao participated in data analysis, the implementation of technical methods, and figure preparation; ZHU Langtao and MENG Sijin contributed to data analysis, refinement of the research methodology, and manuscript revision. All authors have read and approved the submission and publication of the manuscript.

张明迪(1982—),男,硕士,副研究员,主要从事气藏工程综合研究工作。Email:

, correspAuthorsNote=
张明迪(1982—),男,硕士,副研究员,主要从事气藏工程综合研究工作。Email:
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《地质力学学报》编辑部 2026, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=AwyQrwqg/ypMcASYavlN1Q==, magXml=uk2Y6Ml4B+F6uHG2Iyrfcg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=mY15IgQExsNGdjO84ItHWA==, pdfFileSize=1637203, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=8ICi1/oJCxS/RyRslOLMSg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=aYpyTXas6NogT0glo51euw==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1311998709798371914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=179284653@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311998709869675084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998709798371914, language=EN, stringName=Mingdi ZHANG, firstName=Mingdi, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311998709936783949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998709798371914, language=CN, stringName=张明迪, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095, bio={"content":"

张明迪(1982—),男,硕士,副研究员,主要从事气藏工程综合研究工作。Email:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

张明迪(1982—),男,硕士,副研究员,主要从事气藏工程综合研究工作。Email:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311998709630599747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709638988356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709651571269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095)])]), Author(id=1311998710029058639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311998710196830801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998710029058639, language=EN, stringName=Guangdong ZHANG, firstName=Guangdong, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2School of Petroleum Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311998710255551058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998710029058639, language=CN, stringName=张广东, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川 成都 610500, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311998709718680134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709727068743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709718680134, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Petroleum Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709735457352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709718680134, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川 成都 610500)])]), Author(id=1311998710314271316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311998710385574486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998710314271316, language=EN, stringName=Langtao ZHU, firstName=Langtao, middleName=null, lastName=ZHU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311998710452683351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998710314271316, language=CN, stringName=祝浪涛, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311998709630599747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709638988356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709651571269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095)])]), Author(id=1311998710515597913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311998710582706779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998710515597913, language=EN, stringName=Sijin MENG, firstName=Sijin, middleName=null, lastName=MENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311998710674981468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998710515597913, language=CN, stringName=蒙思锦, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311998709630599747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709638988356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709651571269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1311998710771450461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=shale oil and gas), Keyword(id=1311998710825976414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=diffusion coefficient), Keyword(id=1311998710888890975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=multiscale diffusion model), Keyword(id=1311998710943416928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=fractal theory), Keyword(id=1311998711010525793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=bedding fractures), Keyword(id=1311998711086023266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=页岩油气), Keyword(id=1311998711165715043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=扩散系数), Keyword(id=1311998711228629604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=多尺度扩散模型), Keyword(id=1311998711287349861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=分形理论), Keyword(id=1311998711362847334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=页理缝)], refs=[Reference(id=1311998714986726017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BAUMEISTER C, KOROBILIS D, LEE T K, 2022. Energy markets and global economic conditions[J]. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 104(4): 828-844., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998715045446274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CAI J C, YU B M, ZOU M Q, et al., 2010. Fractal characterization of spontaneous co-current imbibition in porous media[J]. Energy & Fuels, 24(3): 1860-1867., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998715108360835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHANDRA D, VISHAL V, BAHADUR J, et al., 2022. Nano-scale physicochemical attributes and their impact on pore heterogeneity in shale[J]. Fuel, 314: 123070., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998715179664004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN L, HU Z M, XIONG W, et al., 2020. Diffusion experiment of shale gas and mathematical model[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 31(9): 1285-1293. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998715271938693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN M J, KANG Y L, ZHANG T S, et al., 2018. Characteristics of multiscale mass transport and coordination mechanisms for shale gas[J]. Scientia Sinica Technologica, 48(5): 473-487. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998715469070982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DARABI H, ETTEHAD A, JAVADPOUR F, et al., 2012. Gas flow in ultra-tight shale strata[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 710: 641-658., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998715569734279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FU E Q, HE W D, 2024. The development and utilization of shale oil and gas resources in China and economic analysis of energy security under the background of global energy crisis[J]. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 14(8): 2315-2341., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998715909472904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China, 2013. Practices for core analysis: GB/T 29172-2012[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998716320514697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GUO X S, WANG R Y, SHEN B J, et al., 2025. Geological characteristics, resource potential, and development direction of shale gas in China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 52(1): 15-28. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998716706390666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HSU Y D, TANG M, CHEN Y P, 2000. A group contribution correlation of the mutual diffusion coefficients of binary liquid mixtures[J]. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 173(1): 1-21., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998717134209675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HU B W, REN Y J, SUN R, et al., 2024. Heterogeneity properties and permeability of shale matrix at Nano-scale and micron-scale[J]. Physics of Fluids, 36(9): 096613., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998718514135692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HU Y H, LIU G N, LUO N, et al., 2022. Multi-field coupling deformation of rock and multi-scale flow of gas in shale gas extraction[J]. Energy, 238: 121666., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998718623187597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KANG Y L, LAI Z H, CHEN M J, et al., 2022. Stress sensitivity experiments of shale gas diffusion coefficients based on the pressure decay method[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 42(2): 59-70. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998718837097102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LELAND T W, ROWLINSON J S, SATHER G A, 1968. Statistical thermodynamics of mixtures of molecules of different sizes[J]. Transactions of the Faraday Society, 64: 1447-1460., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998718904205967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI W G, ZHONG B, YANG H Z, et al., 2016. A new method for gas diffusivity evaluation in matrix rocks of shale reservoir[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 37(1): 88-96. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998718988092048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Y X, LIU X G, HU Z M, et al., 2017. A new method for the transport mechanism coupling of shale gas slippage and diffusion[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 66(11): 114702. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998719264916113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Z Y, LEI Z D, SHEN W J, et al., 2023. A comprehensive review of the oil flow mechanism and numerical simulations in shale oil reservoirs[J]. Energies, 16(8): 3516., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998719365579410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU S J, YUE W H, LIU Y Y, et al., 2026. Assessment of shale gas enrichment factors and delineation of favorable exploration zones in the first submember of the first member of the Longmaxi Formation, Tiangongtang area, southwestern Sichuan[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 32(1): 31-48. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998719629820563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Y H, QIANG W, DANG X, et al., 2025. Study on the pore structure characteristics of interbedded shale oil and formation mechanisms of high-quality shale oil reservoirs in the Chang 7 Member, Yanchang Formation, Ansai Oilfield[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 31(3): 506-521. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998719692735124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LIU Y W, GAO D P, LI Q, et al., 2019. Mechanical frontiers in shale-gas development[J]. Advances in Mechanics, 49(1): 201901. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998719764038293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MI L D, JIANG H Q, LI J J, et al., 2014. Mechanism of the gas diffusion in shale reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 33(1): 154-159. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998720049250966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PENG D Y, ROBINSON D B, 1976. A new two-constant equation of state[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals, 15(1): 59-64., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998720112165527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=REN J H, REN X H, SONG H Q, et al., 2020. Adsorption and diffusion characteristics of methane in nanopores based on molecular simulation[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 41(11): 1366-1375. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998720175080088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SALAMA A, AMIN M F E, KUMAR K, et al., 2017. Flow and transport in tight and shale formations: a review[J]. Geofluids, 2017: 4251209., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998720242188953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SHENG M, LI G S, HUANG Z W, et al., 2014. Shale gas transient flow model with effects of surface diffusion[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 35(2): 347-352. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998720305103514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SONG H S, LI B B, LI J H, et al., 2023. An apparent permeability model in organic shales: Coupling multiple flow mechanisms and factors[J]. Langmuir, 39(11): 3951-3966., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998720472875675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=State Administration for Market Regulation, Standardization Administration, 2020. Technical requirements for determination of gas diffusion coefficient in shale reservoir: GB/T 39539-2020[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998720539984540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SU Y L, SHENG G L, WANG W D, et al., 2018. Characterization methods for mass transfer of multiple media in shale gas reservoirs[J]. Scientia Sinica Technologica, 48(5): 510-523. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998720615482013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=VÁGNER P, PAVELKA M, FUHRMANN J, et al., 2022. A multiscale thermodynamic generalization of Maxwell-Stefan diffusion equations and of the dusty gas model[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 199: 123405., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998720892306078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG G Z, JIANG Z X, TANG X L, et al., 2023. Critical conditions and capabilities of shale gas diffusion and seepage types in the Longmaxi Formation in Jiaoshiba area, Sichuan basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 97(1): 210-220. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998720988775071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU K L, LI X F, CHEN Z X, 2015. A model for gas transport through nanopores of shale gas reservoirs[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 36(7): 837-848, 889. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998721060078240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU P, 2015. A discussion on fractal models for transport physics of porous media[J]. Fractals, 23(3): 1530001., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998721366262433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG P, et al., 2015. Micro/nano-pore network analysis of gas flow in shale matrix[J]. Scientific reports, 5(1): 13501, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998722997846691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO W Z, HU S Y, HOU L H, et al, 2020. Types and resource potential of continental shale oil in China and its boundary with tight oil[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 47(1): 1-11. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998723077538468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHU W Y, QI Q, 2016. Study on the multi-scale nonlinear flow mechanism and model of shale gas[J]. Scientia Sinica Technologica, 46(2): 111-119. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998723144647333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZOU C N, DONG D Z, XIONG W, et al, 2024. Advances, challenges, and countermeasures in shale gas exploration of underexplored plays, sequences and new types in China[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 45(2): 309-326. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998723241116326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZOU Y, WANG G J, LU L, et al, 2021. Simulation experiment and mathematical model analysis for shale gas diffusion in nano-scale pores[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 43(5): 844-854. (in Chinese with English abstract), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998723312419495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈璐, 胡志明, 熊伟, 等, 2020. 页岩气扩散实验与数学模型[J]. 天然气地球科学, 31(9): 1285-1293., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998723387916968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈明君, 康毅力, 张廷山, 等, 2018. 页岩气多尺度传质特征及过程协调机制研究[J]. 中国科学: 技术科学, 48(5): 473-487., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998723455025833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会, 2020. 页岩储层气体扩散系数的测定技术要求: GB/T 39539-2020[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998723538911914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=41, rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郭旭升, 王濡岳, 申宝剑, 等, 2025. 中国页岩气地质特征、资源潜力与发展方向[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 52(1): 15-28., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998723647963819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=42, rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=康毅力, 赖哲涵, 陈明君, 等, 2022. 基于压力衰减法的页岩气体扩散系数应力敏感性实验[J]. 天然气工业, 42(2): 59-70., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998723736044204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=43, rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李武广, 钟兵, 杨洪志, 等, 2016. 页岩储层基质气体扩散能力评价新方法[J]. 石油学报, 37(1): 88-96., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998723803153069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=44, rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李亚雄, 刘先贵, 胡志明, 等, 2017. 页岩气滑脱、扩散传输机理耦合新方法[J]. 物理学报, 66(11): 114702., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998723882844846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=45, rfOrder=44, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘胜军, 岳文翰, 刘永旸, 等, 2026. 川西南天宫堂地区龙一段1亚段页岩气富集条件及勘探有利区评价[J]. 地质力学学报, 32(1): 31-48., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998723954148015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=46, rfOrder=45, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘雨航, 强微, 党鑫, 等, 2025. 安塞油田延长组7段夹层型页岩油储层孔隙结构特征及优质储层成因机制研究[J]. 地质力学学报, 31(3): 506-521., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998724042228400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=47, rfOrder=46, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘曰武, 高大鹏, 李奇, 等, 2019. 页岩气开采中的若干力学前沿问题[J]. 力学进展, 49(1): 201901., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998724155474609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=48, rfOrder=47, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=糜利栋, 姜汉桥, 李俊键, 等, 2014. 页岩储层气体扩散机理[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 33(1): 154-159., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998724247749298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=49, rfOrder=48, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=任俊豪, 任晓海, 宋海强, 等, 2020. 基于分子模拟的纳米孔内甲烷吸附与扩散特征[J]. 石油学报, 41(11): 1366-1375., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998724323246771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=50, rfOrder=49, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=盛茂, 李根生, 黄中伟, 等, 2014. 考虑表面扩散作用的页岩气瞬态流动模型[J]. 石油学报, 35(2): 347-352., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998724398744244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=51, rfOrder=50, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=苏玉亮, 盛广龙, 王文东, 等, 2018. 页岩气藏多重介质流体跨尺度传质表征方法研究[J]. 中国科学: 技术科学, 48(5): 510-523., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998724478436021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=52, rfOrder=51, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王国臻, 姜振学, 唐相路, 等, 2023. 四川盆地焦石坝地区龙马溪组页岩气不同传输类型的临界孔径与传输能力[J]. 地质学报, 97(1): 210-220., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998724562322102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=53, rfOrder=52, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴克柳, 李相方, 陈掌星, 2015. 页岩气纳米孔气体传输模型[J]. 石油学报, 36(7): 837-848, 889., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998724650402487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=54, rfOrder=53, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵文智, 胡素云, 侯连华, 等, 2020. 中国陆相页岩油类型、资源潜力及与致密油的边界[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 47(1): 1-10., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998724730094264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=55, rfOrder=54, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会, 2013. 岩心分析方法: GB/T 29172—2012[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998724805591737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=56, rfOrder=55, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱维耀, 亓倩, 2016. 页岩气多尺度复杂流动机理与模型研究[J]. 中国科学: 技术科学, 46(2): 111-119., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998724881089210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=57, rfOrder=56, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=邹才能, 董大忠, 熊伟, 等, 2024. 中国页岩气新区带、新层系和新类型勘探进展、挑战及对策[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 45(2): 309-326., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1311998724956586683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=58, rfOrder=57, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=邹雨, 王国建, 卢丽, 等, 2021. 纳米孔隙中页岩气扩散模拟实验和数学模型分析[J]. 石油实验地质, 43(5): 844-854., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311998709630599747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709638988356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709651571269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095)]), AuthorCompany(id=1311998709718680134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709727068743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709718680134, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Petroleum Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709735457352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709718680134, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川 成都 610500)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1311998711522230887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Schematic diagram of the experimental setup and workflow for physical simulation, figureFileSmall=aOkXAjVAA/ZvBxkgRhVf4Q==, figureFileBig=8ICi1/oJCxS/RyRslOLMSg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998711576756840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, label=图1, caption=物理模拟实验流程, figureFileSmall=aOkXAjVAA/ZvBxkgRhVf4Q==, figureFileBig=8ICi1/oJCxS/RyRslOLMSg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998711740334697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Flowchart of phase equilibrium calculations, figureFileSmall=RfO1slUP1Y+/Tnr1kaaoeA==, figureFileBig=aw9Y4qNU71QDgOeRzJesdg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998711803249258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, label=图2, caption=相平衡计算流程图

zi—组分i的总体摩尔分数,无量纲;ωi—组分i的偏心因子,无量纲;Pci—组分i的临界压力,MPa;Tci—组分i的临界温度,K;Ki—组分i的气液平衡比,无量纲;NV—气相摩尔分率,无量纲;yi—组分i在气相中的摩尔分数,无量纲;fiL、fiV—组分i在液相、气相中的逸度,MPa;tol—相平衡迭代收敛容限,无量纲;其余变量符号含义同公式

, figureFileSmall=RfO1slUP1Y+/Tnr1kaaoeA==, figureFileBig=aw9Y4qNU71QDgOeRzJesdg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998711861969515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Nanoscale phase diagram of fluids in Well A1, figureFileSmall=xmRiW86EL+SiT8dUr8yyJg==, figureFileBig=oD96DvOG+y5rzoEP0nqMeg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998711924884076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, label=图3, caption=A1井纳米尺度相图, figureFileSmall=xmRiW86EL+SiT8dUr8yyJg==, figureFileBig=oD96DvOG+y5rzoEP0nqMeg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998712000381549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=null, figureFileSmall=5kJuD1buqycDGbL5s0UNfA==, figureFileBig=5ss0DcZapP4xeWjk2Hd1ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998712063296110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, label=图4, caption= $\mathrm{C}_7^{+} $组分临界点参数变化曲线, figureFileSmall=5kJuD1buqycDGbL5s0UNfA==, figureFileBig=5ss0DcZapP4xeWjk2Hd1ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998712126210671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Fluid diffusion coefficients in core samples with varying porosities, figureFileSmall=64R58DXpHXSLj0kJVlVrpw==, figureFileBig=s/MZNtJV0rMEauyT5TFXZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998712184930928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, label=图5, caption=不同孔隙度岩芯的流体扩散系数

(a) Gas diffusion coefficients in core samples with varying porosities; (b) Liquid diffusion coefficients in core samples with varying porosities

, figureFileSmall=64R58DXpHXSLj0kJVlVrpw==, figureFileBig=s/MZNtJV0rMEauyT5TFXZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998712247845489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Fluid diffusion coefficients in bedding fractures, figureFileSmall=76JTk4emrmnWmgJAkcKGdA==, figureFileBig=T3+51igGk7lZoO4MBPw+sw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998712314954354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, label=图6, caption=不同页理缝的流体扩散系数

(a) Gas diffusion coefficients of bedding-fractured core samples with varying permeabilities; (b) Liquid diffusion coefficients of bedding-fractured core samples with varying permeabilities

, figureFileSmall=76JTk4emrmnWmgJAkcKGdA==, figureFileBig=T3+51igGk7lZoO4MBPw+sw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998712382063219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Fluid diffusion coefficients in core samples under varying pressures, figureFileSmall=iserX6J90QWYWK8RT2LU6Q==, figureFileBig=KEJpNPgQ2Y5Unju+wkxY0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998713988481652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同压力下岩芯的流体扩散系数

(a) Gas diffusion coefficients in core samples under varying pressures; (b) Liquid diffusion coefficients in core samples under varying pressures

, figureFileSmall=iserX6J90QWYWK8RT2LU6Q==, figureFileBig=KEJpNPgQ2Y5Unju+wkxY0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998714072367733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Fluid diffusion coefficients in core samples under varying temperatures, figureFileSmall=aKpzTFg0HaBTrT7AFC05FA==, figureFileBig=XNFmVuX9xxYriOwqJcctMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998714147865206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同温度下岩芯的流体扩散系数

(a) Gas diffusion coefficients in core samples under varying temperatures; (b) Liquid diffusion coefficients in core samples under varying temperatures

, figureFileSmall=aKpzTFg0HaBTrT7AFC05FA==, figureFileBig=XNFmVuX9xxYriOwqJcctMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998714240139895, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Matrix diffusion coefficients at the nanoscale, figureFileSmall=jGLC4WDj4zOt5tVlyhbF6w==, figureFileBig=q9B3W5oLDnm9wixtLN9CZQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998714319831672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, label=图9, caption=纳米尺度下的基质扩散系数, figureFileSmall=jGLC4WDj4zOt5tVlyhbF6w==, figureFileBig=q9B3W5oLDnm9wixtLN9CZQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998714399523449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Matrix diffusion coefficients across varying porosities, figureFileSmall=iLP5LRViFdpy6tsu+f3Usg==, figureFileBig=qx/Wvu13gGWUyDlKfm4TxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998714462438010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, label=图10, caption=不同孔隙度基质下的扩散系数, figureFileSmall=iLP5LRViFdpy6tsu+f3Usg==, figureFileBig=qx/Wvu13gGWUyDlKfm4TxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998714529546875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Bedding fracture diffusion coefficients at the nanoscale, figureFileSmall=XwRRo7SnBBEw3Imn5f+apA==, figureFileBig=U/Y/VxiG6JYnQ+WMEdok2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998714596655740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, label=图11, caption=纳米尺度下页理缝扩散系数, figureFileSmall=XwRRo7SnBBEw3Imn5f+apA==, figureFileBig=U/Y/VxiG6JYnQ+WMEdok2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998714659570301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=Bedding-fracture diffusion coefficients across varying porosities, figureFileSmall=zreRCzndRQHXinM+vuZDYQ==, figureFileBig=zzaz9QwHIAnOGUeT6rqfOg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998714726679166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, label=图12, caption=不同孔隙度页理缝的扩散系数, figureFileSmall=zreRCzndRQHXinM+vuZDYQ==, figureFileBig=zzaz9QwHIAnOGUeT6rqfOg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998714802176639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Petrophysical properties of experimental core samples

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类别岩芯编号长度/cm直径/cm孔隙度/%渗透率/×10−15 m2
基质岩芯Q24.862.559.560.0652
Q3-25.072.5310.531.1990
Q9-15.032.535.680.0129
页理缝岩芯Q2-15.032.556.8846.7000
Q2-24.782.538.80404.8900
Q3-14.952.544.981.6900
), ArticleFig(id=1311998714881868416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

实验岩芯物性特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类别岩芯编号长度/cm直径/cm孔隙度/%渗透率/×10−15 m2
基质岩芯Q24.862.559.560.0652
Q3-25.072.5310.531.1990
Q9-15.032.535.680.0129
页理缝岩芯Q2-15.032.556.8846.7000
Q2-24.782.538.80404.8900
Q3-14.952.544.981.6900
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1311385402311016565, delFlag=0, nameCn=地质力学学报, nameEn=Journal of Geomechanics, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1006-6616, eissn=null, cn=11-3672/P, coden=null, periodic=1, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=eIT+4m2KVWPyCt/9B7VJoQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Journal of Geomechanics, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1790588244275, updatedTime=1790588826779, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=D, firstLetterEn=D, subjectCode=Science, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Science, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=eIT+4m2KVWPyCt/9B7VJoQ==, picEn=0WQPu/LDoP9XKci/CSo2YQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1311387845575668074, language=CN, name=地质力学学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1790588826793, updatedTime=1790588826793, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.manuscripts.com.cn/dzlxxb, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.manuscripts.com.cn/dzlxxb, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.manuscripts.com.cn/dzlxxb, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1311387845621805419, language=EN, name=Journal of Geomechanics, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1790588826804, updatedTime=1790588826804, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.manuscripts.com.cn/dzlxxb, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.manuscripts.com.cn/dzlxxb, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.manuscripts.com.cn/dzlxxb, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1311385891987619962, websiteList=[Website(id=1311386135344021834, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1311385891987619962, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dzlxxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1790588419042, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1790590359122, updateBy=18614031015, name=地质力学学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=地质力学学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1311394384663371943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135344021834, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1790590385833, updateTime=1790590385833, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394384629817508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135344021834, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1790590385825, updateTime=1790590385825, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394384705314986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135344021834, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1790590385843, updateTime=1790590385843, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394384621428899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135344021834, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dzlxxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=FHk8j02jpAUqJCuAXgNz+g==, createTime=1790590385823, updateTime=1790590385823, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394384734675116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135344021834, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1790590385850, updateTime=1790590385850, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394384654983334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135344021834, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dzlxxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1790590385831, updateTime=1790590385831, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394384717897899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135344021834, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1790590385846, updateTime=1790590385846, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394384642400421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135344021834, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1790590385828, updateTime=1790590385828, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394384675954856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135344021834, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1790590385836, updateTime=1790590385836, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394384688537769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135344021834, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1790590385839, updateTime=1790590385839, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1311386135411130720, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1311385891987619962, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dzlxxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1790588419058, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1790590353865, updateBy=18614031015, name=地质力学学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Journal of Geomechanics, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1311394354476966043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135411130720, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1790590378636, updateTime=1790590378636, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394354455994520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135411130720, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1790590378631, updateTime=1790590378631, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394354497937566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135411130720, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1790590378641, updateTime=1790590378641, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394354447605911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135411130720, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dzlxxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=FHk8j02jpAUqJCuAXgNz+g==, createTime=1790590378629, updateTime=1790590378629, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394354514714784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135411130720, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1790590378645, updateTime=1790590378645, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394354468577434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135411130720, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dzlxxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1790590378634, updateTime=1790590378634, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394354506326175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135411130720, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1790590378643, updateTime=1790590378643, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394354464383129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135411130720, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1790590378633, updateTime=1790590378633, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394354485354652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135411130720, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1790590378638, updateTime=1790590378638, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1311394354489548957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1311386135411130720, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1790590378639, updateTime=1790590378639, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=地质力学学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://journal.geomech.ac.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Journal of Geomechanics, journalPhotoCn=eIT+4m2KVWPyCt/9B7VJoQ==, journalPhotoEn=0WQPu/LDoP9XKci/CSo2YQ==, journalFirstLetter=D, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dzlxxb/CN/10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025140, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dzlxxb/EN/10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025140, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dzlxxb/CN/PDF/10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025140, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dzlxxb/EN/PDF/10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025140, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1787846400000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
页岩油气扩散系数及多尺度油气扩散模型研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
张明迪 1 , 张广东 2 , 祝浪涛 1 , 蒙思锦 1
地质力学学报 | 能源地质 2026,32(4): 877-888
收起
收藏切换
地质力学学报 |能源地质 2026 , 32 (4) : 877 -888
页岩油气扩散系数及多尺度油气扩散模型研究
全屏
[Author(id=1311998709798371914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=179284653@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311998709869675084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998709798371914, language=EN, stringName=Mingdi ZHANG, firstName=Mingdi, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311998709936783949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998709798371914, language=CN, stringName=张明迪, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095, bio={"content":"

张明迪(1982—),男,硕士,副研究员,主要从事气藏工程综合研究工作。Email:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

张明迪(1982—),男,硕士,副研究员,主要从事气藏工程综合研究工作。Email:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311998709630599747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709638988356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709651571269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095)])]), Author(id=1311998710029058639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311998710196830801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998710029058639, language=EN, stringName=Guangdong ZHANG, firstName=Guangdong, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2School of Petroleum Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311998710255551058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998710029058639, language=CN, stringName=张广东, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川 成都 610500, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311998709718680134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709727068743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709718680134, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2School of Petroleum Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709735457352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709718680134, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川 成都 610500)])]), Author(id=1311998710314271316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311998710385574486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998710314271316, language=EN, stringName=Langtao ZHU, firstName=Langtao, middleName=null, lastName=ZHU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311998710452683351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998710314271316, language=CN, stringName=祝浪涛, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311998709630599747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709638988356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709651571269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095)])]), Author(id=1311998710515597913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311998710582706779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998710515597913, language=EN, stringName=Sijin MENG, firstName=Sijin, middleName=null, lastName=MENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1311998710674981468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, authorId=1311998710515597913, language=CN, stringName=蒙思锦, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311998709630599747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709638988356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998709651571269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385891987619962, articleId=1311998694103286228, companyId=1311998709630599747, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095)])])]
张明迪1 , 张广东2, 祝浪涛1, 蒙思锦1
作者信息
  • 1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095
  • 2西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川 成都 610500
通讯作者:
张明迪(1982—),男,硕士,副研究员,主要从事气藏工程综合研究工作。Email:
作者简介:

作者贡献声明

张明迪负责论文构思、数据分析、研究方法和论文写作;张广东、祝浪涛参与数据分析和技术手段的实践应用和绘图;祝浪涛、蒙思锦参与数据分析、研究方法和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意稿件的提交和发表。

Author’s Contributions

ZHANG Mingdi conceived the study, performed data analysis, designed the research methodology, and drafted the manuscript; ZHANG Guangdong and ZHU Langtao participated in data analysis, the implementation of technical methods, and figure preparation; ZHU Langtao and MENG Sijin contributed to data analysis, refinement of the research methodology, and manuscript revision. All authors have read and approved the submission and publication of the manuscript.

张明迪(1982—),男,硕士,副研究员,主要从事气藏工程综合研究工作。Email:

Diffusion coefficients and multi-scale diffusion models of shale oil and gas
Mingdi ZHANG1 , Guangdong ZHANG2, Langtao ZHU1, Sijin MENG1
Affiliations
  • 1Southwest Oil and Gas Branch of Sinopec Corporation, Chengdu 610095, Sichuan , China
  • 2School of Petroleum Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
出版时间: 2026-08-28 doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025140
文章导航
收藏切换

针对页岩油气在纳米–微米级孔缝体系中扩散机理不清、传统模型难以实现跨尺度预测的问题,通过结合高温高压扩散实验、分形理论建模与纳米限域效应,系统研究了页岩油气在多尺度孔缝介质中的扩散特征及其主控因素。结果表明,纳米限域效应导致相图内缩和临界点左移,显著削弱受限空间内的扩散能力。孔隙度与渗透率是主要结构控制因素:当孔隙度由5.68%增至10.53%时,气液扩散系数均提高约一个数量级;页理缝渗透率由1.69 ×10−15 m2增至404.88 ×10−15 m2时,扩散系数增大约3~4倍。压力升高(10~36 MPa)抑制气相扩散而增强液相扩散,温度升高(80~115 ℃)整体促进扩散。构建的分形–限域模型可准确拟合实验,并揭示有效扩散系数在纳米尺度较体相降低约10−5、裂缝扩散能力高于基质1~2个数量级,实现了多尺度扩散的结构敏感性分析与跨尺度预测。研究成果可为页岩油气扩散机理定量刻画及储层开发优化提供理论支撑。

页岩油气  /  扩散系数  /  多尺度扩散模型  /  分形理论  /  页理缝
Objective

To elucidate the diffusion mechanisms of shale oil and gas in nano- to microscale pore-fracture systems and overcome the limitations of conventional models in cross-scale prediction, this study investigates the diffusion characteristics and controlling factors of shale fluids across multiscale porous media.

Methods

High-temperature and high-pressure diffusion experiments were conducted on matrix and bedding-fractured core samples with varying petrophysical properties. A multiscale diffusion model was developed by coupling fractal theory, a tortuous capillary-bundle representation, and a confinement-corrected Peng–Robinson equation of state to account for pore-size distribution, tortuosity, phase saturation, and nanoscale fluid–wall interactions.

Results

Nanoscale confinement leads to phase-diagram contraction and a leftward shift of the critical point, substantially weakening diffusion capacity in confined spaces. Porosity and permeability are the primary structural controls: when porosity increases from 5.68% to 10.53%, gas and liquid diffusion coefficients increase by approximately one order of magnitude; when bedding-fracture permeability increases from 1.69 ×10−15 m2 to 404.88 ×10−15 m2, diffusion coefficients rise by about three to four times. Increasing pressure (10~36 MPa) suppresses gas-phase diffusion but enhances liquid-phase diffusion, whereas higher temperatures (80~115 °C) promote diffusion overall.

Conclusions

The proposed fractal–confinement diffusion model accurately matches the experimental results and reveals key nanoscale mechanisms, including a ~10−5 reduction in effective diffusivity relative to bulk fluids and diffusion capacities in fractures that exceed those of the matrix by one to two orders of magnitude.

Significance

This model enables structural-sensitivity analysis and cross-scale prediction of diffusion processes, providing theoretical support for the quantitative characterization of shale-fluid migration and the optimization of reservoir development.

shale oil and gas  /  diffusion coefficient  /  multiscale diffusion model  /  fractal theory  /  bedding fractures
张明迪, 张广东, 祝浪涛, 蒙思锦. 页岩油气扩散系数及多尺度油气扩散模型研究. 地质力学学报, 2026 , 32 (4) : 877 -888 . DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025140
Mingdi ZHANG, Guangdong ZHANG, Langtao ZHU, Sijin MENG. Diffusion coefficients and multi-scale diffusion models of shale oil and gas[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2026 , 32 (4) : 877 -888 . DOI: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025140
页岩油气作为非常规油气资源的重要组成部分,已成为全球油气勘探与开发的战略接替领域(赵文智等,2020;邹才能等,2024;郭旭升等,2025)。目前,全球页岩油气资源主要分布于北美、中亚和中东地区,其中页岩油约占非常规石油资源总量的47%,页岩气约占非常规天然气资源的76.7%,具备较大的开发潜力(Baumeister et al.,2022;Fu and He,2024)。相较于常规储层,页岩储层具有极低的孔隙度与渗透率、复杂的纳米–微米级孔隙结构及显著的非均质性(朱维耀和亓倩,2016;苏玉亮等,2018;Chandra et al.,2022)。页岩储层中的流体运移过程跨越基质纳米孔隙与天然/人工裂缝网络的多尺度空间,形成复杂的耦合体系(Hu et al.,2024;刘胜军等,2026)。由于基质中广泛发育微米−纳米孔道,流体流动机制多样,包括黏性流、滑脱流与扩散等多种过程并存,使得传统达西定律难以准确刻画其真实的运移规律(糜利栋等,2014;刘曰武等,2019)。其中,扩散作用被认为是纳米–微米尺度下控制流体运移的关键机制,然而在高温高压地层条件下,页岩基质体系内的扩散能力及其主控因素仍缺乏系统研究(任俊豪等,2020;Li et al.,2023;刘雨航等,2025)。
准确刻画页岩储层中复杂孔隙结构内的流体运移机制,是实现页岩油气高效开发的理论基础。针对多尺度孔隙中气体的非线性迁移行为,学界构建了多种理论模型以揭示其主控机制。吴克柳等(2015)提出耦合滑脱流动、努森扩散和表面扩散的复合传输模型,明确不同孔径与压力条件下各机制的主导区间。Zhang et al.(2015)构建三维微米−纳米孔隙网络,揭示了储层压力与孔喉结构对流动状态转变的影响。李武广等(2016)从实验出发,提出广义扩散能力评价方法,引入扩散速率系数与扩散效率等参数,强化了对基质传输能力的定量刻画。陈明君等(2018)在此基础上构建了多尺度表观渗透率模型,提出以中等孔径比例作为表征指标,用于评估多机制传质行为。此外,Cai et al.(2010)利用分形理论建立了描述非均质孔隙吸液行为的毛细渗流模型,扩展了传统管束模型的适用范围。目前普遍认为,Fick扩散、Knudsen扩散与表面扩散是控制页岩气从基质向裂缝运移的3种关键机制(Darabi et al.,2012;Salama et al.,2017;王国臻等,2023)。尽管已有多种模型尝试耦合不同流动机理,但在统一建模和尺度外推方面仍存在不足。部分研究如“尘气模型”(Vágner et al.,2022)与“表观渗透率模型”(Song et al.,2023)为多机制建模提供了简化路径,但在吸附层占据效应与表面扩散贡献的动态响应方面仍显不足。此外,盛茂等(2014)和李亚雄等(2017)提出将孔壁表面扩散与Knudsen扩散共同处理,强调其在纳米尺度下的显著贡献。相较于模型研究,实验方面仍显薄弱。当前多聚焦于渗透率响应,直接测试扩散系数的研究有限。陈璐等(2020)提出考虑温压影响的扩散系数计算方法,康毅力等(2022)和邹雨等(2021)通过压力衰减和等压实验定量揭示了孔隙尺度气体迁移规律,为模型校核提供了基础数据支撑(Hu et al.,2022)。
对页岩油气扩散机理的认识仍存在不足:①传统扩散模型未充分考虑页岩多孔介质的分形结构与纳米限域效应,难以准确描述多尺度孔隙体系内的传质过程;②宏观裂缝与基质纳米孔隙间的耦合扩散缺乏系统的定量表征。针对上述问题,此次以页岩油为研究对象,通过建立高温高压岩芯扩散系数测试体系,实现不同物性与结构特征样品的精确测定;并引入分形几何理论与纳米限域效应,构建基于弯曲毛细管束的多尺度孔缝扩散模型,推导考虑表面扩散、迂曲度及限域作用的有效扩散系数解析式。基于实验结果与模型拟合,定量分析孔隙度、渗透率、压力和温度等关键参数对扩散特性的影响规律,从微观机制层面揭示页岩介质中多尺度流体扩散的本质过程。研究成果可深化页岩储层流体运移机理的认识,并为产能预测模型优化与开发策略制定提供理论支撑与方法参考,具有重要科学意义和工程应用价值。
为研究储层物性对油气扩散系数的影响,采用自主设计的高温高压实验装置开展岩芯扩散实验。选择A1井6块不同物性储层岩芯在100℃、36 MPa下测定油气的扩散系数,分析储层物性对扩散系数的影响(表1)。分别对各岩芯在饱和模拟地层流体后的扩散行为进行测试,并通过产出曲线计算扩散系数。
在西南石油大学国家重点实验室开始此次实验工作,高温高压实验装置与流程如图1所示,核心步骤如下。
(1)岩芯制备与干燥:利用钻样机钻取直径为2.5 cm、长度约5 cm的柱状岩芯。随后依据国家标准GB/T 29172—2012(中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局和中国国家标准化管理委员会,2013)进行洗油、清洗,并经105℃烘干48 h,最终冷却至室温备用。
(2)样品装填与气密性检查:将岩芯装入岩芯夹持器,充入氦气至测试压力的1.2倍,监测6 h内压力波动,若小于0.1%则气密性合格。
(3)地层流体配置与饱和:依据A1井的气、油色谱及气油比配制模拟流体,升温升压至地层条件并恒温24 h,随后在目标围压下对岩芯进行流体饱和,直至进出口压力平衡(波动<0.1%)。
(4)流体产出与数据采集:开启出口阀门,分别通过气体流量计和电子天平实时记录气、液产出及入口压力,实验至产出速率低于0.01 mL/h结束。数据处理方法参照国家标准GB/T 39539—2020(国家市场监督管理总局和国家标准化管理委员会,2020)。
此次研究采用分形几何与弯曲毛细管束模型表征页岩纳米至微米尺度的孔缝结构,通过面积分形维数和迂曲度分形维数量化孔径分布与流动路径的曲折程度。在此基础上,引入同时考虑吸附效应和流体分子–孔壁相互作用的状态方程修正,并采用状态方程Peng–Robinson equation of state(PR-EOS)在限域条件下求取气液两相的有效扩散系数(Peng and Robinson,1976)。随后将该扩散系数结合分形毛细管网络拓展到实际页岩孔缝体系,从而实现对多尺度孔隙介质中有效扩散行为的定量描述。
采用弯曲毛细管束模型来模拟多孔介质,并假设每根毛细管的横截面形状为圆形。在弯曲毛细管束模型中,孔隙通道直径大于或等于λ的孔隙通道数量的总和与孔隙通道直径的大小满足分形标度关系:
$ N\left(L\geqslant \lambda \right)={\left(\frac{{\lambda }_{\max }}{\lambda }\right)}^{{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}}} $
式中,N—孔隙通道长度或等于孔隙通道直径的多孔介质的孔隙总数;L—毛细管长度,m;λmax—最大孔隙通道直径,m;λ—孔隙通道直径,m;Df—多孔介质的面积分形维数,无量纲。
而对于面积分形维数,Hsu(Hsu et al.,2000)提出了一种自然界多孔介质的分形描述方法将Df表示为
$ {D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}={D}_{{\mathrm{e}}}-\frac{\ln \varepsilon }{\ln \left({\lambda }_{\min }/{\lambda }_{\max }\right)} $
式中,ε—面孔隙度,无量纲;λmin—最小孔隙直径,m;De—维数,二维平面中De=2,三维空间中,De=3。
对公式(2)进行微分可以得到:
$ -{\mathrm{d}}N={D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}{\lambda }_{\max }{}^{{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}}}{\lambda }^{-\left({D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}+1\right)}{\mathrm{d}}\lambda $
式中,−dN>0—孔隙数量随着孔隙直径的增大而减小。
由于将横截面上的孔隙通道看作是直径不同的圆,通过用微元法可计算得到:
$ \begin{aligned}{A}_{{\mathrm{p}}}=&-\frac{1}{4}\text{π} \int \limits_{{\lambda }_{\min }}^{{\lambda }_{\max }}{\lambda }^{2}{\mathrm{d}}N=\frac{1}{4}\text{π} {D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}{\lambda }_{\max }{}^{{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}}}\int \limits_{{\lambda }_{\min }}^{{\lambda }_{\max }}{\lambda }^{2}{\lambda }^{-\left({D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}+1\right)}{\mathrm{d}}\lambda =\\& \frac{\text{π} {D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}{\lambda }_{\max }{}^{{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}}}}{4(2-{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}})}\left[{\lambda }_{\max }{}^{\left(2-{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}\right)}-{\lambda }_{\min }{}^{\left(2-{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}\right)}\right]\end{aligned} $
式中,Ap—总的孔隙通道横截面积,m2;其余变量符号含义同上。
通过公式(4),多孔介质总的横截面积${A}_{{\mathrm{t}}} $可以表示为
$ {A}_{{\mathrm{t}}}=\frac{{A}_{{\mathrm{p}}}}{\varepsilon }=\frac{\text{π} {D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}{\lambda }_{\max }{}^{{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}}}}{4\varepsilon (2-{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}})}\left[{\lambda }_{\max }{}^{\left(2-{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}\right)}-{\lambda }_{\min }{}^{\left(2-{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}\right)}\right] $
而在弯曲毛细管束模型中,单根弯曲毛细管的长度L(λ)与孔隙通道直径λ同样满足分形标度关系:
$ {L}_{{\mathrm{t}}}\left(\lambda \right)={\lambda }^{1-{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}}}{L}_{0}{}^{{{D}_{\tau }}} $
式中,${L}_{0} $—沿宏观梯度方向或毛细管流体流动方向的特征长度,m;${D}_{\tau } $—迂曲度分形维数,无量纲。
在多孔介质中可以简单将毛细管束模型等效为正方体,则$ {L}_{0}=\sqrt{{A}_{{\mathrm{t}}}} $。在二维平面中迂曲度分形维数范围为1~2,在三维空间中迂曲度分形维数的范围为1~3。
迂曲度分形维数(${{D}}_{\tau } $)可以使用如下公式来表示:
$ {{D}}_{\tau }=1+\frac{\ln \left[\dfrac{{\tau }_{{{\mathrm{av}}}}\left({{D}}_{{{\mathrm{f}}}}+{{D}}_{\tau }-1\right)}{{{D}}_{\mathrm{f}}}\right]}{\ln \left(\dfrac{{{L}}_{0}}{{\lambda }_{\min }}\right)} $
Hsu提出了多孔介质中平均迂曲度${\tau }_{av} $的模型(Hsu et al.,2000),具体可以通过如下公式计算得到:
$ {\tau }_{av}=\frac{1}{2}\left[1+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{1-\varepsilon }+\frac{\sqrt{1-\varepsilon }\sqrt{{\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1-\varepsilon }}-1\right)}^{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}}}{1-\sqrt{1-\varepsilon }}\right] $
式中,$ \varepsilon $—面孔隙度;其余变量符号含义同上。
根据菲克定律,通过对单毛细管中的流量进行积分,可以得出分形多孔介质中的流量如下:
$ Q=\frac{\text{π} {D}_{{\mathrm{b}}}{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}{\lambda }_{\max }{}^{{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}}}\Delta C\left({\lambda }_{\max }{}^{{{D}_{\tau }}-{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}}+1}-{\lambda }_{\min }{}^{{{D}_{\tau }}-{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}}+1}\right)}{4{L}_{0}{}^{{{D}_{\tau }}}\left({D}_{\tau }-{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}+1\right){\tau }^{2}} $
根据菲克定律,在多孔介质中扩散的有效扩散系数可以表示如下(Xu,2015):
$ {D}_{{\mathrm{eff}}}=\frac{Q{L}_{0}}{{A}_{{\mathrm{t}}}\Delta C} $
$ {D}_{{\mathrm{eff}}}=\frac{\text{π} {D}_{{\mathrm{b}}}{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}{\lambda }_{\max }{}^{{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}}}\left({\lambda }_{\max }{}^{{{D}_{\tau }}-{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}}+1}-{\lambda }_{\min }{}^{{{D}_{\tau }}-{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}}+1}\right)}{4{L}_{0}{}^{{{D}_{\tau }}-1}{A}_{{\mathrm{t}}}\left({D}_{\tau }-{D}_{{\mathrm{f}}}+1\right){\tau }^{2}} $
式中,Q—分形多孔介质中的扩散摩尔流量,mol·s−1;Db—体相扩散系数,m2·s−1;Deff—有效扩散系数,m2·s−1;At—多孔介质总横截面积,m2;ΔC—扩散方向两端的摩尔浓度差,mol·m−3;τ—迂曲度,无量纲。假设在气−水、气−油以及油−水共同存在多孔介质中,直径大于等于λ的孔隙数量与孔隙直径满足下面的分形标度关系:
$ N\left(\lambda \right)=f\left(S\right){\left(\frac{{\lambda }_{\max }}{\lambda }\right)}^{{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}},{\mathrm{g}}/{\mathrm{o}}}}} $
式中,Df,g/o—两相流体情况下气相或油相面积分形维数;S—润湿相饱和度;f (S)—气相或油相通道的分布函数。
由于液态水或油作为润湿相占据了孔隙空间,所以允许另一相流体流动的孔隙数量减少。随着润湿相饱和度的增大,非润湿相的有效扩散系数呈指数性下降,故可以假定非润湿相的分布函数如下:
$ f\left(S\right)=\exp \left(-nS\right) $
式中,n为下降的指数,对式两边进行微分可以得到:
$ -{\mathrm{d}}N=\exp (-nS){D}_{{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}},{\mathrm{g}}/{\mathrm{o}}}}}{\lambda }_{\max }{}^{{{D}_{{\mathrm{f}},{\mathrm{g}}/{\mathrm{o}}}}}{\lambda }^{-\left({D}_{{\mathrm{f}},{\mathrm{g}}/{\mathrm{o}}}+1\right)}{\mathrm{d}}\lambda $
联合式(12)—(14),可以得到非润湿相在多孔介质中的有效扩散系数:
$ \begin{split} &{D}_{{\mathrm{eff}},{\mathrm{n}}}=\\&\frac{\text{π} {D}_{{\mathrm{b}}}\exp (-nS){D}_{\text{f},\text{g}/\text{o}}{\lambda }_{\max }{}^{{{D}_{\text{f},\text{g}/\text{o}}}}\left({\lambda }_{\max }{}^{{{D}_{\tau }}-{{D}_{\text{f},\text{g}/\text{o}}}+1}-{\lambda }_{\min }{}^{{{D}_{\tau }}-{{D}_{\text{f},\text{g}/\text{o}}}+1}\right)}{4{L}_{0}{}^{{{D}_{\tau }}-1}{A}_{t}\left({D}_{\tau }-{D}_{\text{f},\text{g}/\text{o}}+1\right){\tau }^{2}}\end{split} $
假设在两相共存时,多孔介质中润湿相的分形标度满足以下公式:
$ N\left(L\geq \lambda \right)={\left(\frac{{\lambda }_{\max }}{\lambda }\right)}^{{{D}_{\text{f},\text{g}/\text{o}}}} $
而对于润湿相的扩散过程中,假设存在一个临界孔隙直径λc,小于该直径的孔隙作为气的传输通道,大于该直径的孔隙作为水或油的扩散通道。在这种情况下,润湿相饱和度可以表示为
$ S=\frac{{V}_{0}}{{V}_{{\mathrm{t}}}}=\frac{\dfrac{\text{π} }{4}\displaystyle\int \limits_{{\lambda }_{{\mathrm{c}}}}^{{\lambda }_{\max }}{\lambda }^{2}L\left(\lambda \right){\mathrm{d}}N}{\dfrac{\text{π} }{4}\displaystyle\int \limits_{{\lambda }_{\min }}^{{\lambda }_{\max }}L\left(\lambda \right){\mathrm{d}}N}=\frac{{\lambda }_{\max }{}^{3-{{D}_{\text{f},\text{g}/\text{o}}}-{{D}_{\tau }}}-{\lambda }_{{\mathrm{c}}}{}^{3-{{D}_{\text{f},\text{g}/\text{o}}}-{{D}_{\tau }}}}{{\lambda }_{\max }{}^{3-{{D}_{\text{f},\text{g}/\text{o}}}-{{D}_{\tau }}}-{\lambda }_{\min }{}^{3-{{D}_{\text{f},\text{g}/\text{o}}}-{{D}_{\tau }}}} $
式中变量符号含义同上。
同时考虑吸附效应和流体分子−孔壁相互作用,PR-EOS可表示为
$ \begin{aligned}P=&\frac{RT}{V_{{\mathrm{m}}}^\text{'}-b}-\frac{a}{V_{{\mathrm{m}}}^\text{'}\left(V_{{\mathrm{m}}}^\text{'}+b\right)+b\left(V_{{\mathrm{m}}}^\text{'}-b\right)} + \\&\frac{0.6\beta \ln (180/\theta )}{{r}_{{\mathrm{p}}}}\cdot \frac{a}{V_{{\mathrm{m}}}^\text{'}\left(V_{{\mathrm{m}}}^\text{'}+b\right)+b\left(V_{{\mathrm{m}}}^\text{'}-b\right)}\end{aligned} $
式中,β—校正因子,表示流体分子−孔壁相互作用的强弱,无因次;a、b—EOS常数,R—通用气体常数8.31432×103,J/(kmol·K);T—温度,K;P—压力,MPa;rp—狭缝宽度的一半,nm;$V_{{\mathrm{m}}}^\text{'} $代表考虑吸附效应的摩尔体积,$ V_{{\mathrm{m}}}^\text{'}=\dfrac{{V}_{{\mathrm{m}}}}{1-\eta \chi } $,不同的孔型截面形状,对应的参数χ不同,当孔型截面为三角形或圆形时,$ \chi =\dfrac{2h}{{r}_{{\mathrm{p}}}}-{\left(\dfrac{h}{{r}_{{\mathrm{p}}}}\right)}^{2} $。因此,气相和液相压缩因子的计算公式分别为
$ \begin{split}Z_\text{V}^{3}-& \left(1-{B}_\text{V}\right)Z_\text{V}^{2}+\\&\left\{{A}_\text{V}\left[1-\frac{0.6\beta \ln (180/\theta )}{{r}_\text{p}}\right]-3B_\text{V}^{2}-2{B}_\text{V}\right\}{Z}_\text{V}-\\&\left\{{A}_\text{V}{B}_\text{V}\left[\frac{R-0.6\beta \ln (180/\theta )}{R}\right]-B_\text{V}^{2}-B_\text{V}^{3}\right\}=0\end{split} $
$ \begin{split} Z_\text{L}^{3}-&\left(1-{B}_\text{L}\right)Z_\text{L}^{2}+\\& \left\{{A}_\text{L}\left[1-\frac{0.6\beta \ln (180/\theta )}{{r}_\text{p}}\right]-3B_\text{L}^{2}-2{B}_\text{L}\right\}{Z}_\text{L}-\\& \left\{{A}_\text{L}{B}_\text{L}\left[\frac{R-0.6\beta \ln (180/\theta )}{R}\right]-B_\text{L}^{2}-B_\text{L}^{3}\right\}=0\end{split} $
式中,AV、AL—气相、液相的PR-EOS无量纲吸引参数,无量纲;BV、BL—气相、液相的体积参数,无量纲;ZV和ZL—气相和液相的压缩因子,无量纲;θ—润湿角,(°)。
$ \begin{split} &{A}_\text{V}=\frac{{a}_\text{V}{P}_\text{V}}{{(RT)}^{2}},{B}_\text{V}=\frac{{b}_\text{V}{P}_\text{V}}{{(RT)}^{2}}(1-\eta \chi ),\\&{A}_\text{L}=\frac{{a}_\text{L}{P}_\text{L}}{{(RT)}^{2}},{B}_\text{L}=\frac{{b}_\text{L}{P}_\text{L}}{{(RT)}^{2}}(1-\eta \chi )\end{split} $
式中,aV、aL—气相、液相混合物的PR-EOS吸引参数,MPa·L2/mol2;bV、bL—气相、液相混合物的PR-EOS体积参数,L/mol。
采用van der Waals混合标准(Leland et al,1968),参数a和b分别表示为
$ a=\sum \limits_{i=1}^{{N}_{{\mathrm{c}}}}\sum \limits_{i=1}^{{N}_{{\mathrm{c}}}}{x}_{i}{x}_{j}\left[\left(1-{k}_{ij}\right)\sqrt{{a}_{i}{a}_{j}}\right],b=\sum \limits_{i=1}^{{N}_{{\mathrm{c}}}}{x}_{i}{b}_{i} $
式中,Nc—混合物组分总数,无量纲;i、j—组分编号,无量纲;xi、xj—组分i、j的摩尔分数,无量纲;kij—组分i与组分j的二元相互作用系数,无量纲;ai、aj—纯组分i、j的PR-EOS吸引参数,MPa·L2/mol2;bi—纯组分i的PR-EOS体积参数,L/mol。
因此,气相和液相逸度系数可表示为
$ \begin{split}\ln \phi _{i}^{{\mathrm{V}}}=&\frac{{b}_{i}}{{b}_{{\mathrm{V}}}}\left({Z}_{{\mathrm{V}}}-1\right)- \ln \left({Z}_{{\mathrm{V}}}-{B}_{{\mathrm{V}}}\right)-\\& \left[1-\frac{0.6\beta \ln (180/\theta )}{{r}_{{\mathrm{p}}}}\right]\frac{{A}_{{\mathrm{V}}}}{2\sqrt{2}{B}_{{\mathrm{V}}}}\\&\left[\frac{2\displaystyle\sum \limits_{j=1}{x}_{j}\sqrt{{a}_{i}{a}_{j}}}{{a}_{{\mathrm{V}}}}-\frac{{b}_{i}}{{b}_{{\mathrm{V}}}}\right]\ln \left(\frac{{Z}_{{\mathrm{V}}}+(1+\sqrt{2}){B}_{{\mathrm{V}}}}{{Z}_{{\mathrm{V}}}-(1+\sqrt{2}){B}_{{\mathrm{V}}}}\right)\end{split} $
$ \begin{aligned}\ln \phi _{i}^{{\mathrm{L}}}&=\frac{{b}_{i}}{{b}_{{\mathrm{L}}}}\left({Z}_{{\mathrm{L}}}-1\right)-\ln \left({Z}_{{\mathrm{L}}}-{B}_{{\mathrm{L}}}\right)- \\& \left[1-\frac{0.6\beta \ln (180/\theta )}{{r}_{{\mathrm{p}}}}\right]\frac{{A}_{{\mathrm{L}}}}{2\sqrt{2}{B}_{{\mathrm{L}}}}\\&\left[\frac{2\displaystyle\sum \limits_{j=1}{x}_{j}\sqrt{{a}_{i}{a}_{j}}}{{a}_{{\mathrm{L}}}}-\frac{{b}_{i}}{{b}_{{\mathrm{L}}}}\right]\ln \left(\frac{{Z}_{{\mathrm{L}}}+(1+\sqrt{2}){B}_{{\mathrm{L}}}}{{Z}_{{\mathrm{L}}}-(1+\sqrt{2}){B}_{{\mathrm{L}}}}\right)\end{aligned} $
式中,ϕiV—组分i的气相逸度系数,无量纲;ϕiL—组分i的液相逸度系数,无量纲。
由于微纳米孔隙中的受限流体各组分属性不同于体相流体,因此需要对各组分临界温度、临界压力等进行修正。受限空间内各组分临界温度和临界压力的相对偏差可表示为
$ \Delta {T}_{{\mathrm{c}}}=\frac{{T}_{{\mathrm{c}}}-{T}_{{\mathrm{cm}}}}{{T}_{{\mathrm{c}}}}=\frac{0.6\beta \ln (180/\theta )}{{r}_{{\mathrm{p}}}}+2{\chi }_{\eta }-{\chi }^{2}{\eta }^{2} $
$ \Delta {P}_{{\mathrm{c}}}=\frac{{P}_{{\mathrm{c}}}-{P}_{{\mathrm{cm}}}}{{P}_{{\mathrm{c}}}}=\frac{0.6\beta \ln (180/\theta )}{{r}_{{\mathrm{p}}}}+{\chi }_{\eta } $
式中,Tcm—受限流体组分的临界温度,K;Pcm—受限流体组分的临界压力,MPa;Tc—体相流体组分的临界温度,K;Pc—体相流体组分的临界压力,MPa;ΔTc和ΔPc表示临界温度和临界压力转移的相对偏差,无因次。η表示体相流体和受限流体之间的密度差,无因次。综上所述,考虑吸附效应和流体分子−孔壁相互作用的相平衡计算流程如图2所示。
首先通过状态方程明确了页岩油纳米尺度效应的相态变化特征,然后通过上述实验方法测试了不同物性、页理缝及温度压力对扩散系数的影响。
根据A井的相关数据,拟合了不同孔径下相态数据,得到纳米尺度下A1井的相图(图3)。
随着孔径的减小,整体相图内缩,表现为临界点内缩(图3)。当孔径小于等于5 nm之后,在地层条件下,A1井转变为气藏。纳米尺度下重质组分的临界参数影响较大,在拟合了A1井的纳米尺度相图后,得到了$\mathrm{C}_7^{+} $组分临界点参数,见图4。
随着孔径的减小,重质组分的临界点左移,在20 nm以上时整体表现为线性下降,在20 nm以下表现为指数型下降(图4)。
在恒定温度100  ℃、压力36  MPa条件下,对比分析了不同孔隙度基质岩芯的扩散行为。实验过程中记录各时刻的流体产出体积,参照国家标准GB/T 39539—2020(国家市场监督管理总局和国家标准化管理委员会,2020)其中的液相扩散系数方法参照气相来计算,进一步反演得到岩芯编号为Q2、Q3-2、Q9-1的样品对应的油气扩散系数,结果如图5所示。其中,模型预测值由上文所建立的扩散数学模型(见公式15—17)计算得出。在扩散系数求解过程中,假设储层岩芯中的润湿相为油、非润湿相为气体,模型参数取值为:扩散级数n=8,液相饱和度S则基于实验条件下的状态方程进行计算,反映不同温度与压力组合下油相所占比例。
扩散系数随孔隙度增加而显著增大。孔隙度由5.68%增至10.53%时,气体扩散系数由2.53×10−14 m2/s增至3.30×10−13 m2/s。液体扩散系数由2.14×10−14 m2/s增至2.69×10−13 m2/s。结果表明,孔隙度是影响基质扩散能力的主控因素,主要通过调节有效扩散路径长度与通道连通性发挥作用。在实验所设定的温度和压力条件下,气液两相的扩散系数在数量级上相近。这主要是因为液相扩散在高温下受到分子热运动增强的显著促进,而气相扩散则因高压抑制了分子的自由程,使其趋近于连续介质行为。此外,实验条件接近流体的饱和点,进一步拉近了气液两相扩散系数的差异。在当前实验条件下,气液扩散机制表现出一定程度的收敛性,导致两者在数值上的接近。
通过数值拟合可以得到不同页理缝渗透率的油气扩散系数,见图6。
在模拟100 ℃、36 MPa条件下,随着页理缝发育程度增大,渗透率增大,扩散系数表现为线性增长。当页理缝渗透率从1.69 ×10−15 m2增大至404.88 ×10−15 m2后,气体扩散系数从4.89×10−13 m2/s增大至1.99×10−12 m2/s。液体扩散系数从3.92×10−13 m2/s增大至1.64×10−12 m2/s。扩散系数与渗透率呈正相关线性增长趋势。这表明页理缝极大地增强了页岩的扩散能力,其作为优势运移通道,对提高页岩油气的产出效率具有决定性作用。对比了Q2系列的3块岩芯,Q2号岩芯的渗透率为0.0652×10−15 m2;Q2-1号岩芯的渗透率为46.7×10−15 m2;Q2-2号岩芯的渗透率为404.89×10−15 m2;对比发现页理缝的扩散系数大约是基质扩散系数的10~20倍。
测定了在100 ℃条件下,不同压力下气体的扩散系数,分析压力对气体扩散系数的影响。实验岩芯编号为Q2,通过数值拟合得到岩芯样品的油气扩散系数见图7。发现随着压力的增大气体扩散系数下降,当压力从10 MPa增大到36 MPa后,气体扩散系数从3.01×10−13 m2/s减小至1.22×10−13 m2/s。随着压力的增大液体扩散系数增大,当压力从10 MPa增大到36 MPa后,液体扩散系数从2.43×10−14 m2/s增大至1.01×10−13 m2/s。高压下气体分子平均自由程减小,与孔壁碰撞加剧,导致克努森扩散效应减弱,气体扩散能力下降。对于液体,压力升高增强了流体与孔壁的相互作用或改变了流体性质,从而导致扩散系数增大。这表明压力对气、液两相扩散行为的影响机制截然不同。
在36 MPa条件下,文章测定了不同温度下气体的扩散系数,分析温度对气体扩散系数的影响。实验岩芯编号为Q2,油气扩散系数见图8。发现随着温度的增大扩散系数增大,当温度从80 ℃增大到115 ℃后,气体扩散系数从1.03×10−13 m2/s增大至1.34×10−13 m2/s。液体扩散系数从7.72×10−14 m2/s增大至1.17×10−13 m2/s。扩散系数随温度升高而增大,符合分子热运动理论。更高的温度赋予了流体分子更高的动能,使其更易于克服孔道中的流动阻力,从而强化了扩散作用。
为进一步揭示多尺度孔缝结构对页岩油气扩散能力的影响,并从微观尺度解释前述实验现象,此次研究基于构建的纳米限域−分形扩散模型,对A1井的基质与页理缝体系进行了系统计算。模型综合考虑孔径分布、迂曲度、有效孔隙度以及温压条件对扩散迁移的耦合调控作用,以真实地层温度122 ℃和原始压力为基础,对不同孔隙结构组合下的气体与液体扩散系数进行了模拟。
在基质孔隙度为5.8%、孔径分布范围为10~1000 nm的条件下,模型计算表明,纳米限域效应显著抑制分子迁移,使气体与液体的有效扩散系数均远低于体相扩散系数,仅约为其10−5量级(图9)。随着压力升高,气相扩散系数单调降低,而液相扩散受黏度变化影响呈现先增后减的特征,与岩芯实验中压力对扩散能力的调控规律一致。进一步改变基质孔隙度(5%~12%)进行模拟发现,扩散系数随孔隙度呈幂律增长,孔隙度增大显著改善扩散通道数量及连通性,是控制基质扩散能力的主要结构因素(图10)。
在裂缝体系中,假设孔径范围为0.1~100 μm、迂曲度为基质的约1/10,模型结果显示扩散能力整体比基质提高1~2个数量级,表现出裂缝作为优势迁移通道的显著特征。综合扩散系数同样表现为气相随压力升高而降低、液相受黏度调控呈非线性变化(图11)。随着裂缝孔隙度增大,扩散系数近似线性提升,结构敏感性明显强于基质体系(图12),进一步说明裂缝在多尺度扩散过程中的主导作用。
相比岩芯实验,模型能够在更广的孔径分布和结构参数范围内进行预测,弥补了实验手段难以直接获取纳米尺度扩散信息的不足,为页岩油气多尺度扩散过程提供了从结构尺度到有效迁移能力的机理解释和外推能力。
(1)纳米尺度限域效应显著影响页岩油气的相态与扩散特征。随孔径减小,相图内缩、临界点左移,重质组分临界参数下降,导致受限空间中流体扩散能力与相态边界发生变化。
(2)孔隙度对扩散能力具有显著影响。随着孔隙度由5.68%增加至10.53%,气体扩散系数由2.53×10−14 m2/s增大至3.30×10−13 m2/s。液体扩散系数从2.14×10−14 m2/s增大至2.69×10−13 m2/s。孔隙度增大改善了孔道连通性与有效扩散路径,显著增强基质扩散能力。
(3)页理缝发育程度直接决定扩散能力。当渗透率由1.69 ×10−15 m2增至404.88 ×10−15 m2时,气体扩散系数增大约4倍,液体扩散系数增大约3倍,页理缝岩芯的扩散能力约为基质岩芯的10~20倍,表明裂缝是页岩油气运移的重要优势通道。
(4)温压条件对气、液两相扩散影响机制不同。随压力升高(10~36 MPa),气体扩散系数显著降低,而液体扩散系数升高;随温度升高(80~115℃),气液两相扩散系数均增大,体现出高温强化分子热运动、提升扩散速率的特征。
(5)构建的分形多尺度扩散模型能够有效表征实验规律,并补充揭示纳米尺度下的扩散机理。模型通过面积分形维数与迂曲度的引入实现了对孔径分布、饱和度及表面扩散等结构–流体耦合效应的定量表征。结果显示,纳米限域使有效扩散系数较体相降低约10−5,扩散能力对孔径、迂曲度及孔隙度高度敏感,裂缝体系的扩散能力较基质高1~2个数量级。模型不仅能够解释实验中扩散增强与衰减的规律,还具备在更宽结构参数范围内的预测能力,为页岩油气多尺度扩散机理的解析提供了必要的理论支撑。

参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
BAUMEISTER C, KOROBILIS D, LEE T K, 2022. Energy markets and global economic conditions[J]. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 104(4): 828-844.
2
CAI J C, YU B M, ZOU M Q, et al., 2010. Fractal characterization of spontaneous co-current imbibition in porous media[J]. Energy & Fuels, 24(3): 1860-1867.
3
CHANDRA D, VISHAL V, BAHADUR J, et al., 2022. Nano-scale physicochemical attributes and their impact on pore heterogeneity in shale[J]. Fuel, 314: 123070.
4
CHEN L, HU Z M, XIONG W, et al., 2020. Diffusion experiment of shale gas and mathematical model[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 31(9): 1285-1293. (in Chinese with English abstract)
5
CHEN M J, KANG Y L, ZHANG T S, et al., 2018. Characteristics of multiscale mass transport and coordination mechanisms for shale gas[J]. Scientia Sinica Technologica, 48(5): 473-487. (in Chinese with English abstract)
6
DARABI H, ETTEHAD A, JAVADPOUR F, et al., 2012. Gas flow in ultra-tight shale strata[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 710: 641-658.
7
FU E Q, HE W D, 2024. The development and utilization of shale oil and gas resources in China and economic analysis of energy security under the background of global energy crisis[J]. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 14(8): 2315-2341.
8
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China, 2013. Practices for core analysis: GB/T 29172-2012[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China. (in Chinese)
9
GUO X S, WANG R Y, SHEN B J, et al., 2025. Geological characteristics, resource potential, and development direction of shale gas in China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 52(1): 15-28. (in Chinese with English abstract)
10
HSU Y D, TANG M, CHEN Y P, 2000. A group contribution correlation of the mutual diffusion coefficients of binary liquid mixtures[J]. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 173(1): 1-21.
11
HU B W, REN Y J, SUN R, et al., 2024. Heterogeneity properties and permeability of shale matrix at Nano-scale and micron-scale[J]. Physics of Fluids, 36(9): 096613.
12
HU Y H, LIU G N, LUO N, et al., 2022. Multi-field coupling deformation of rock and multi-scale flow of gas in shale gas extraction[J]. Energy, 238: 121666.
13
KANG Y L, LAI Z H, CHEN M J, et al., 2022. Stress sensitivity experiments of shale gas diffusion coefficients based on the pressure decay method[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 42(2): 59-70. (in Chinese with English abstract)
14
LELAND T W, ROWLINSON J S, SATHER G A, 1968. Statistical thermodynamics of mixtures of molecules of different sizes[J]. Transactions of the Faraday Society, 64: 1447-1460.
15
LI W G, ZHONG B, YANG H Z, et al., 2016. A new method for gas diffusivity evaluation in matrix rocks of shale reservoir[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 37(1): 88-96. (in Chinese with English abstract)
16
LI Y X, LIU X G, HU Z M, et al., 2017. A new method for the transport mechanism coupling of shale gas slippage and diffusion[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 66(11): 114702. (in Chinese with English abstract)
17
LI Z Y, LEI Z D, SHEN W J, et al., 2023. A comprehensive review of the oil flow mechanism and numerical simulations in shale oil reservoirs[J]. Energies, 16(8): 3516.
18
LIU S J, YUE W H, LIU Y Y, et al., 2026. Assessment of shale gas enrichment factors and delineation of favorable exploration zones in the first submember of the first member of the Longmaxi Formation, Tiangongtang area, southwestern Sichuan[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 32(1): 31-48. (in Chinese with English abstract)
19
LIU Y H, QIANG W, DANG X, et al., 2025. Study on the pore structure characteristics of interbedded shale oil and formation mechanisms of high-quality shale oil reservoirs in the Chang 7 Member, Yanchang Formation, Ansai Oilfield[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 31(3): 506-521. (in Chinese with English abstract)
20
LIU Y W, GAO D P, LI Q, et al., 2019. Mechanical frontiers in shale-gas development[J]. Advances in Mechanics, 49(1): 201901. (in Chinese with English abstract)
21
MI L D, JIANG H Q, LI J J, et al., 2014. Mechanism of the gas diffusion in shale reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 33(1): 154-159. (in Chinese with English abstract)
22
PENG D Y, ROBINSON D B, 1976. A new two-constant equation of state[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals, 15(1): 59-64.
23
REN J H, REN X H, SONG H Q, et al., 2020. Adsorption and diffusion characteristics of methane in nanopores based on molecular simulation[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 41(11): 1366-1375. (in Chinese with English abstract)
24
SALAMA A, AMIN M F E, KUMAR K, et al., 2017. Flow and transport in tight and shale formations: a review[J]. Geofluids, 2017: 4251209.
25
SHENG M, LI G S, HUANG Z W, et al., 2014. Shale gas transient flow model with effects of surface diffusion[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 35(2): 347-352. (in Chinese with English abstract)
26
SONG H S, LI B B, LI J H, et al., 2023. An apparent permeability model in organic shales: Coupling multiple flow mechanisms and factors[J]. Langmuir, 39(11): 3951-3966.
27
State Administration for Market Regulation, Standardization Administration, 2020. Technical requirements for determination of gas diffusion coefficient in shale reservoir: GB/T 39539-2020[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China. (in Chinese)
28
SU Y L, SHENG G L, WANG W D, et al., 2018. Characterization methods for mass transfer of multiple media in shale gas reservoirs[J]. Scientia Sinica Technologica, 48(5): 510-523. (in Chinese with English abstract)
29
VÁGNER P, PAVELKA M, FUHRMANN J, et al., 2022. A multiscale thermodynamic generalization of Maxwell-Stefan diffusion equations and of the dusty gas model[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 199: 123405.
30
WANG G Z, JIANG Z X, TANG X L, et al., 2023. Critical conditions and capabilities of shale gas diffusion and seepage types in the Longmaxi Formation in Jiaoshiba area, Sichuan basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 97(1): 210-220. (in Chinese with English abstract)
31
WU K L, LI X F, CHEN Z X, 2015. A model for gas transport through nanopores of shale gas reservoirs[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 36(7): 837-848, 889. (in Chinese with English abstract)
32
XU P, 2015. A discussion on fractal models for transport physics of porous media[J]. Fractals, 23(3): 1530001.
33
ZHANG P, et al., 2015. Micro/nano-pore network analysis of gas flow in shale matrix[J]. Scientific reports, 5(1): 13501
34
ZHAO W Z, HU S Y, HOU L H, et al, 2020. Types and resource potential of continental shale oil in China and its boundary with tight oil[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 47(1): 1-11. (in Chinese with English abstract)
35
ZHU W Y, QI Q, 2016. Study on the multi-scale nonlinear flow mechanism and model of shale gas[J]. Scientia Sinica Technologica, 46(2): 111-119. (in Chinese with English abstract)
36
ZOU C N, DONG D Z, XIONG W, et al, 2024. Advances, challenges, and countermeasures in shale gas exploration of underexplored plays, sequences and new types in China[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 45(2): 309-326. (in Chinese with English abstract)
37
ZOU Y, WANG G J, LU L, et al, 2021. Simulation experiment and mathematical model analysis for shale gas diffusion in nano-scale pores[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 43(5): 844-854. (in Chinese with English abstract)
38
陈璐, 胡志明, 熊伟, 等, 2020. 页岩气扩散实验与数学模型[J]. 天然气地球科学, 31(9): 1285-1293.
39
陈明君, 康毅力, 张廷山, 等, 2018. 页岩气多尺度传质特征及过程协调机制研究[J]. 中国科学: 技术科学, 48(5): 473-487.
40
国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会, 2020. 页岩储层气体扩散系数的测定技术要求: GB/T 39539-2020[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社.
41
郭旭升, 王濡岳, 申宝剑, 等, 2025. 中国页岩气地质特征、资源潜力与发展方向[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 52(1): 15-28.
42
康毅力, 赖哲涵, 陈明君, 等, 2022. 基于压力衰减法的页岩气体扩散系数应力敏感性实验[J]. 天然气工业, 42(2): 59-70.
43
李武广, 钟兵, 杨洪志, 等, 2016. 页岩储层基质气体扩散能力评价新方法[J]. 石油学报, 37(1): 88-96.
44
李亚雄, 刘先贵, 胡志明, 等, 2017. 页岩气滑脱、扩散传输机理耦合新方法[J]. 物理学报, 66(11): 114702.
45
刘胜军, 岳文翰, 刘永旸, 等, 2026. 川西南天宫堂地区龙一段1亚段页岩气富集条件及勘探有利区评价[J]. 地质力学学报, 32(1): 31-48.
46
刘雨航, 强微, 党鑫, 等, 2025. 安塞油田延长组7段夹层型页岩油储层孔隙结构特征及优质储层成因机制研究[J]. 地质力学学报, 31(3): 506-521.
47
刘曰武, 高大鹏, 李奇, 等, 2019. 页岩气开采中的若干力学前沿问题[J]. 力学进展, 49(1): 201901.
48
糜利栋, 姜汉桥, 李俊键, 等, 2014. 页岩储层气体扩散机理[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 33(1): 154-159.
49
任俊豪, 任晓海, 宋海强, 等, 2020. 基于分子模拟的纳米孔内甲烷吸附与扩散特征[J]. 石油学报, 41(11): 1366-1375.
50
盛茂, 李根生, 黄中伟, 等, 2014. 考虑表面扩散作用的页岩气瞬态流动模型[J]. 石油学报, 35(2): 347-352.
51
苏玉亮, 盛广龙, 王文东, 等, 2018. 页岩气藏多重介质流体跨尺度传质表征方法研究[J]. 中国科学: 技术科学, 48(5): 510-523.
52
王国臻, 姜振学, 唐相路, 等, 2023. 四川盆地焦石坝地区龙马溪组页岩气不同传输类型的临界孔径与传输能力[J]. 地质学报, 97(1): 210-220.
53
吴克柳, 李相方, 陈掌星, 2015. 页岩气纳米孔气体传输模型[J]. 石油学报, 36(7): 837-848, 889.
54
赵文智, 胡素云, 侯连华, 等, 2020. 中国陆相页岩油类型、资源潜力及与致密油的边界[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 47(1): 1-10.
55
中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会, 2013. 岩心分析方法: GB/T 29172—2012[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社.
56
朱维耀, 亓倩, 2016. 页岩气多尺度复杂流动机理与模型研究[J]. 中国科学: 技术科学, 46(2): 111-119.
57
邹才能, 董大忠, 熊伟, 等, 2024. 中国页岩气新区带、新层系和新类型勘探进展、挑战及对策[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 45(2): 309-326.
58
邹雨, 王国建, 卢丽, 等, 2021. 纳米孔隙中页岩气扩散模拟实验和数学模型分析[J]. 石油实验地质, 43(5): 844-854.
2026年第32卷第4期
PDF下载
201
82
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025140
  • 接收时间:2025-05-16
  • 首发时间:2026-09-30
  • 出版时间:2026-08-28
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-16
  • 修回日期:2025-12-26
  • 录用日期:2026-01-30
基金
作者信息
    1中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司,四川 成都 610095
    2西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川 成都 610500

通讯作者:

张明迪(1982—),男,硕士,副研究员,主要从事气藏工程综合研究工作。Email:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dzlxxb/CN/10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025140
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏