电源学报

机械压力下锂离子电池的电-机械性能分析

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李新 ¹ , 蒋维 ¹ , 梁年伯 ¹ , 赵伟 ¹ , 蔡雪 ² , 陈泽平 ²

电源学报 | 新能源发电与储能 2026,24(4): 148-157

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电源学报 |新能源发电与储能 2026 , 24 (4) : 148 -157

机械压力下锂离子电池的电-机械性能分析

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李新¹, 蒋维¹, 梁年伯¹, 赵伟¹, 蔡雪², 陈泽平²

作者信息

^1.广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局，佛山　528000

^2.北京交通大学国家能源主动配电网技术研发中心，北京　100044

通讯作者:

李新（1986—　），男，通信作者，硕士，高级工程师。研究方向：新能源技术及应用。E-mail：xinli058@163.com。

作者简介:

蒋维（1976—　），女，本科，高级工程师。研究方向：电力系统智能化。E-mail：jiangwei@fs.gd.csg.cn。

梁年伯（1993—　），男，硕士，工程师。研究方向：电气试验及设备状态监测。E-mail：liangnianbai@fs.gd.csg.cn。

赵伟（1979—　），男，博士，正高级工程师。研究方向：新型电力系统数字技术。E-mail：zhaowei7@csg.cn。

蔡雪（1994—　），女，博士研究生。研究方向：电池组仿真建模与控制。E-mail：caixue@bjtu.edu.cn。

陈泽平（1996—　），男，硕士研究生。研究方向：电池组仿真建模与控制。E-mail：zepingchen@bjtu.edu.cn。

Analysis of Electro-mechanical Properties of Lithium-ion Batteries Under Mechanical Stress

Xin LI¹, Wei JIANG¹, Nianbo LIANG¹, Wei ZHAO¹, Xue CAI², Zeping CHEN²

Affiliations

^1.Foshan Power Supply Bureau, Guangdong Power Grid Company, Foshan 528000, China

^2.National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center (NANTEC), Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China

出版时间: 2026-04-30 doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.4.148

文章导航

摘要

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从全电池层面全面研究了施加机械压力对叠层软包锂离子电池的电学和机械性能的影响。基于自由膨胀和恒位移实验平台进行一系列电学-机械行为的表征实验。通过微分电压、膨胀位移和力曲线分析法建立了相变依赖的膨胀相图，将电化学相变反应和膨胀特性进行有效关联。倍率对膨胀位移和力的影响集中在石墨电极嵌锂过程的Stage 2-2L相变阶段，而初始预紧力将主要影响膨胀力的曲线拉伸量，而不影响膨胀曲线的形状，这主要归因于弹性模量的初始预紧力依赖性。电池作为复合多孔材料的组合体具有应力松弛的黏弹性特性，进一步发现应力松弛与荷电状态SOC（state-of-charge）、倍率和初始预紧力等多种因素均具有一定关联性。对于电学特性，初始预紧力对最大可用容量、倍率容量和内阻的影响显著，实验结果表明，欧姆内阻随初始预紧力的增加而减小，但最大可用容量则相反，因此可以推断倍率容量的初始预紧力的依赖性由最大可用容量主导。全方位的电-机械性能分析对电池在成组应用中起着关键作用。

关键词

锂离子电池 / 电-机械特性 / 电化学阻抗谱 / 运行工况

Abstract

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The effects of applied mechanical stress on the electro-mechanical properties of stacked-pouch lithium-ion batteries are comprehensively investigated at the full cell level. A series of characterization experiments of electro-mechanical behaviors were conducted based on two experimental platforms, i.e., a free expansion bench and a constant-displacement fixture. Phase transition-dependent swelling phase diagrams were established by differential voltage, swelling thickness and force curve analysis, effectively correlating the electrochemical phase transition reaction with swelling properties. The effect of C-rate on the swelling thickness and force was concentrated in the Stage 2-2L phase transition phase, while the initial preload force will mainly affect the amount of curve stretching of the swelling force without affecting the shape of the swelling curve. This was mainly attributed to the initial preload force dependence of elastic modulus. As an assemblage of composite porous materials, the cell had stress-relaxed viscoelastic properties, and it was further found that the stress relaxation was correlated with various factors such as SOC (state-of-charge), C-rate and initial preload force. For the electrical properties, it was found that the initial preload force had a significant effect on the maximum available capacity, C-rate capacity and internal resistance. Experimental results show that the ohmic internal resistance decreased with an increase in the initial preload force, but the opposite was true for the maximum available capacity. Therefore, it was inferred that the dependence of the initial preload force for the C-rate capacity was dominated by the maximum available capacity. A full range of electro-mechanical performance analysis plays a key role for batteries in pack applications.

Key words

Lithium-ion battery / electro-mechanical property / electrochemical impedance spectrum / operating condition

引用本文

李新, 蒋维, 梁年伯, 赵伟, 蔡雪, 陈泽平. 机械压力下锂离子电池的电-机械性能分析. 电源学报, 2026 , 24 (4) : 148 -157 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.4.148

Xin LI, Wei JIANG, Nianbo LIANG, Wei ZHAO, Xue CAI, Zeping CHEN. Analysis of Electro-mechanical Properties of Lithium-ion Batteries Under Mechanical Stress[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2026 , 24 (4) : 148 -157 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.4.148

基金

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南方电网科技资助项目(GDKJXM20222604)

参考文献

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参考文献引证文献

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2026年第24卷第4期

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文章信息

doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.4.148

接收时间：2023-11-30
首发时间：2026-10-29
出版时间：2026-04-30

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出版历史

收稿日期：2023-11-30
修回日期：2024-01-11
录用日期：2024-01-20

基金

China Southern Power Grid(GDKJXM20222604)

南方电网科技资助项目(GDKJXM20222604)

作者信息

^1.广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局，佛山　528000

^2.北京交通大学国家能源主动配电网技术研发中心，北京　100044

通讯作者:

李新（1986—　），男，通信作者，硕士，高级工程师。研究方向：新能源技术及应用。E-mail：xinli058@163.com。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.4.148

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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