Article(id=1154049134626595795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, issueId=1154049103748125137, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.3.190, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1700496000000, receivedDateStr=2023-11-21, revisedDate=1704556800000, revisedDateStr=2024-01-07, acceptedDate=1705161600000, acceptedDateStr=2024-01-14, onlineDate=1753076354891, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=1716998400000, pubDateStr=2024-05-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753076354891, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753076354891, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753076354891, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1154049103748125137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, year='2024', volume='22', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='306', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753076347529, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753780989436, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1157004586184695853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, issueId=1154049103748125137, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1157004586184695854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, issueId=1154049103748125137, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=190, endPage=198, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1154049135117329365, articleId=1154049134626595795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, language=EN, title=Optimization of Wire Bonding Parameters and Reliability Analysis for SiC Power Module Interconnections, columnId=1154049135037637588, journalTitle=Journal of Power Supply, columnName=Reliability Analysis, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
In the development of technologies for power electronic devices used in automobiles, the power modules are developing towards the direction of miniaturization and high power density. As a result, the high-frequency switching of power devices used in automobiles will increase the fatigue failure risk of bonding wires. To improve the strength and reliability of bonding, the action mechanism of bonding parameters at different stages was revealed from the perspective of the bonding principle at first, and the optimization intervals for different parameters were obtained using single-factor experiments. Subsequently, a systematic investigation of the influence of wire bonding materials on bonding reliability was conducted through numerical simulations and aging tests. Results indicate that compared with Al bonding wires, Cu bonding wires exhibited higher maximum temperatures and higher maximum equivalent stress. However, due to material properties, Cu bonding wires only achieved half the maximum plastic strain of Al bonding wires. Based on power cycling tests, the lifetime of Cu bonding wires was approximately four times that of Al bonding wires. Moreover, Cu bonding wires exhibited a higher degree of variability in bonding quality, with the phenomenon of stepwise signal escalation due to the detachment of a single wire serving as an early warning signal for potential failures in daily operations.
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在汽车电力电子器件开发技术中,功率模块正朝着小型化和高功率密度方向发展,而汽车动力装置的高频通断操作会增加键合线的疲劳失效风险。为了提高键合强度及可靠性,首先从键合原理角度出发,揭示键合参数在不同阶段的作用机理,利用单因素实验得到各参数的优化区间;然后通过数值计算与老化实验相结合的方法系统性研究了键合线材料对键合可靠性的影响。结果显示,Cu键合线的最高溫度、最大等效应力均高于 Al键合线,但受材料属性影响,Cu键合线的最大塑性应变仅为Al键合线的1/2,根据功率循环实验,其寿命约为Al键合线的4倍,并且Cu线键合质量分散性大,单根键合线脱落引起监测信号阶段性跃升的现象可以成为日常工作中的失效预警信号。
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 |
李乐洲(1997-),男,硕士研究生。研究方向:功率模块封装及可靠性。E-mail: 202134487@mail.sdu.edu.cn。 |
兰欣(1982-),男,中国电源学会会员,通信作者,博士,副研究员。研究方向:功率模块封装测试。E-mail:lanxin@sdu.edu.cn。
何志伟(1999-),男,硕士研究生。研究方向:分子动力学。E-mail: 202134480@mail.sdu.edu.cn。
程勇(1963-),男,博士后,教授。研究方向:内燃机测控技术。E-mail:cysgd@sdu.edu.cn.
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兰欣(1982-),男,中国电源学会会员,通信作者,博士,副研究员。研究方向:功率模块封装测试。E-mail:lanxin@sdu.edu.cn。
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何志伟(1999-),男,硕士研究生。研究方向:分子动力学。E-mail: 202134480@mail.sdu.edu.cn。
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何志伟(1999-),男,硕士研究生。研究方向:分子动力学。E-mail: 202134480@mail.sdu.edu.cn。
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Geometry of bonding wire and sample in bonding experiment, figureFileSmall=MZJdHV4DIrBokLukNSgNyA==, figureFileBig=SWg97CU1Cw4IplOBpBYQIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049163504377965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
键合线几何形状与键合实验样品, figureFileSmall=MZJdHV4DIrBokLukNSgNyA==, figureFileBig=SWg97CU1Cw4IplOBpBYQIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049163558903918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=
Law of action of bonding pressure, figureFileSmall=t2wykz6Ma5rpnXx3K7vXPA==, figureFileBig=4EjqsJqlp6CE9Mad67Tg1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049163609235567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
键合压力作用规律, figureFileSmall=t2wykz6Ma5rpnXx3K7vXPA==, figureFileBig=4EjqsJqlp6CE9Mad67Tg1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049163672150128, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=
Law of action of bonding power, figureFileSmall=FpVtpIA3VR4BHALJ+sWvZQ==, figureFileBig=Hn9RyFUBAkuTuBrZodz9NA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049163726676081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
键合功率作用规律, figureFileSmall=FpVtpIA3VR4BHALJ+sWvZQ==, figureFileBig=Hn9RyFUBAkuTuBrZodz9NA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049163781202034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
Law of action of bonding time, figureFileSmall=8K57yXoYIO6I/c+djDThcw==, figureFileBig=W0TA9Y2AIEHINq5fTWWoBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049163835727987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
键合时间作用规律, figureFileSmall=8K57yXoYIO6I/c+djDThcw==, figureFileBig=W0TA9Y2AIEHINq5fTWWoBQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049163886059636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=
Simplified power cycling model and current excitation waveform, figureFileSmall=RAV4uBad3QtBOGeSFqIuOg==, figureFileBig=4N8IFQUAoB9DsdAUBiU8RA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049163940585589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
功率循环简化模型与电流激励波形, figureFileSmall=RAV4uBad3QtBOGeSFqIuOg==, figureFileBig=4N8IFQUAoB9DsdAUBiU8RA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049163986722934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=
Chip temperature distribution and maximum stress-strain curve in power cycle, figureFileSmall=nGgkIWBwf6qIWMzcNNOYfQ==, figureFileBig=D5qI7LpV+9aelWe/e5kbfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049164041248887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
功率循环中芯片温度分布与最大应力-应变曲线, figureFileSmall=nGgkIWBwf6qIWMzcNNOYfQ==, figureFileBig=D5qI7LpV+9aelWe/e5kbfg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049164125134968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=
Sample in power cycling experiment and physical object of power cycling experimental platform, figureFileSmall=3ize08USzP0Wf+bFcOjgQw==, figureFileBig=4+kzL+dH3hjGdegR1pcbhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049164183855225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
功率循环实验样品与功率循环实验平台实物, figureFileSmall=3ize08USzP0Wf+bFcOjgQw==, figureFileBig=4+kzL+dH3hjGdegR1pcbhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049164221603962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=
Trend of changes in junction/case temperature and failure monitoring parameters in power cycling experiment, figureFileSmall=qIXAyozXzcpxwztydwFMTg==, figureFileBig=QgoY7zG4RKXuYtUsMGR9ng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049164284518523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
功率循环结壳温与失效监测参数变化趋势, figureFileSmall=qIXAyozXzcpxwztydwFMTg==, figureFileBig=QgoY7zG4RKXuYtUsMGR9ng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154049164343238780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=
Setting of 18 groups of experimental parameters for $\mathrm{{Cu}}$ bonding wires, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 实验 编号 | 键合 压力/g | 实验 编号 | 超声 功率/W | 实验 编号 | 键合 时间/ms |
| 1 | 1600 | 7 | 80 | 13 | 100 |
| 2 | 1800 | 8 | 90 | 14 | 125 |
| 3 | 2000 | 9 | 100 | 15 | 150 |
| 4 | 2200 | 10 | 110 | 16 | 175 |
| 5 | 2400 | 11 | 120 | 17 | 200 |
| 6 | 2600 | 12 | 130 | 18 | 225 |
), ArticleFig(id=1154049164397764733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
Cu 键合线 18 组实验参数设置, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 实验 编号 | 键合 压力/g | 实验 编号 | 超声 功率/W | 实验 编号 | 键合 时间/ms |
| 1 | 1600 | 7 | 80 | 13 | 100 |
| 2 | 1800 | 8 | 90 | 14 | 125 |
| 3 | 2000 | 9 | 100 | 15 | 150 |
| 4 | 2200 | 10 | 110 | 16 | 175 |
| 5 | 2400 | 11 | 120 | 17 | 200 |
| 6 | 2600 | 12 | 130 | 18 | 225 |
), ArticleFig(id=1154049164452290686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=
Anand model material parameters of SAC305 solder, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 数值 |
| ${S}_{0}/\mathrm{{MPa}}$ | 39.09 |
| $\frac{Q}{R}/\mathrm{K}$ | 8900 |
| $A/{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ | ${2.23}\times {10}^{4}$ |
| $\xi$ | 6 |
| ${m}_{0}$ | 0.182 |
| ${h}_{0}/\mathrm{{MPa}}$ | 3321.15 |
| $\widehat{S}/\mathrm{{MPa}}$ | 73.81 |
| $n$ | 0.0018 |
| $a$ | 1.82 |
), ArticleFig(id=1154049164502622335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
SAC305 焊料的 Anand 模型材料参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 数值 |
| ${S}_{0}/\mathrm{{MPa}}$ | 39.09 |
| $\frac{Q}{R}/\mathrm{K}$ | 8900 |
| $A/{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ | ${2.23}\times {10}^{4}$ |
| $\xi$ | 6 |
| ${m}_{0}$ | 0.182 |
| ${h}_{0}/\mathrm{{MPa}}$ | 3321.15 |
| $\widehat{S}/\mathrm{{MPa}}$ | 73.81 |
| $n$ | 0.0018 |
| $a$ | 1.82 |
), ArticleFig(id=1154049164561342592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=
Parameters related to fatigue life prediction of materials Al and $\mathrm{{Cu}}$, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 材料 | $\Delta {\varepsilon }_{1}/$ (mm/mm) | ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{m}}/\mathrm{{MPa}}$ | ${N}_{\mathrm{f}}$ |
| Al | 0.008112 | 10.786 | 21001 |
| Cu | 0.00160264 | 17.05 | ${2.97}\times {10}^{8}$ |
), ArticleFig(id=1154049164615868545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154049134626595795, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
Al、 $\mathrm{{Cu}}$ 材料疲劳寿命预测相关参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 材料 | $\Delta {\varepsilon }_{1}/$ (mm/mm) | ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{m}}/\mathrm{{MPa}}$ | ${N}_{\mathrm{f}}$ |
| Al | 0.008112 | 10.786 | 21001 |
| Cu | 0.00160264 | 17.05 | ${2.97}\times {10}^{8}$ |
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