Article(id=1154040957029835031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, issueId=1154040955071095059, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.1.101, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1613577600000, receivedDateStr=2021-02-18, revisedDate=1617724800000, revisedDateStr=2021-04-07, acceptedDate=1618416000000, acceptedDateStr=2021-04-15, onlineDate=1753074405200, onlineDateStr=2025-07-21, pubDate=1706544000000, pubDateStr=2024-01-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1753074405200, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1753074405200, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753074405200, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1154040955071095059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, year='2024', volume='22', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='235', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1753074404733, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753781011721, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1157004679654760494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, issueId=1154040955071095059, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1157004679654760495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, issueId=1154040955071095059, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=101, endPage=109, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1154040957570900249, articleId=1154040957029835031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, language=EN, title=Optimal Configuration of Battery Energy Storage Capacity of Microgrid Considering Life Loss, columnId=1152281491788100462, journalTitle=Journal of Power Supply, columnName=Battery and Energy Storage, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Aimed at the problems of fast loss and high capacity configuration of battery energy storage equipment in microgrid, an optimal configuration model of battery energy storage capacity of microgrid considering life loss is established in this paper. In addition, a cost calculation method for the battery energy storage life loss based on fixed daily cycle times is also proposed. This method combines the piecewise linearization idea and the scenario analysis method, and it can effectively extend the lifetime by optimizing the discharging depth and daily cycle times of battery energy storage. Moreover, considering the uncertainties in wind power output and load power, a two-stage robust optimization model is introduced, which is further solved by the column-and-constraint generation algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the novel model under different uncertainties and different unit prices of battery energy storage is verified by numerical examples.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ziyan FENG, Yixun XU, Kailin WANG, Huangkai YIN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1154041006946247175, articleId=1154040957029835031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, language=CN, title=考虑寿命损耗的微网电池储能容量优化配置, columnId=1149830274575463188, journalTitle=电源学报, columnName=电池与储能, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对微电网中电池储能设备折损过快和容量配置过高的问题,文中建立了考虑寿命损耗的微电网电池储能容量优化配置模型,并提出了一种基于固定日循环次数的电池储能寿命损耗成本计算方法,该方法结合了分段线性化思想和场景分析法,可通过优化电池储能的放电深度和日循环次数从而有效延长其寿命年限。此外,考虑到风光出力和负荷功率的不确定性,文中引入了两阶段鲁棒优化模型,并用列和约束生成算法求解。最后,通过算例验证了新模型在不同不确定度和不同电池储能单位价格下的有效性。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=PGQggQXUg5MDYqtbWXNMHw==, magXml=PSviJ+AkqC2QOHlgJlye+Q==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=zfdCBV5eudugzhub75I60Q==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=qE8pA8I10AawFMoQzY4dPw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

冯紫妍(1994-),女,通信作者,硕士。研究方向:微电网规划与储能优化运行。E-mail: fengziyan_fzy@163.com。

许仪勋(1969-),男,博士,讲师。研究方向:微电网规划与运行和智能用电。E-mail: xu_yixun@sina.com。

汪凯琳(1997-),女,硕士。研究方向:微电网混合储能优化配置。E-mail:3349301040@qq.com。

殷煌凯(1995-),男,硕士。研究方向:智能用电。E-mail:1622175131@qq.com。

, authorsList=冯紫妍, 许仪勋, 汪凯琳, 殷煌凯)}, authors=[Author(id=1154041008380699169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=fengziyan_fzy@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154041008439419429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, authorId=1154041008380699169, language=EN, stringName=Ziyan FENG, firstName=Ziyan, middleName=null, lastName=FENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=College of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154041008502333990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, authorId=1154041008380699169, language=CN, stringName=冯紫妍, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=上海电力大学 电气工程学院 上海 200090, bio={"content":"

冯紫妍(1994-),女,通信作者,硕士。研究方向:微电网规划与储能优化运行。E-mail: fengziyan_fzy@163.com。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

冯紫妍(1994-),女,通信作者,硕士。研究方向:微电网规划与储能优化运行。E-mail: fengziyan_fzy@163.com。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154041008309395996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154041008313590301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, companyId=1154041008309395996, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154041008321978910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, companyId=1154041008309395996, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=上海电力大学 电气工程学院 上海 200090)])]), Author(id=1154041008556859945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=xu_yixun@sina.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154041008653328940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, authorId=1154041008556859945, language=EN, stringName=Yixun XU, firstName=Yixun, middleName=null, lastName=XU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=College of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154041008712049198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, authorId=1154041008556859945, language=CN, stringName=许仪勋, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=上海电力大学 电气工程学院 上海 200090, bio={"content":"

许仪勋(1969-),男,博士,讲师。研究方向:微电网规划与运行和智能用电。E-mail: xu_yixun@sina.com。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

许仪勋(1969-),男,博士,讲师。研究方向:微电网规划与运行和智能用电。E-mail: xu_yixun@sina.com。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154041008309395996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154041008313590301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, companyId=1154041008309395996, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154041008321978910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, companyId=1154041008309395996, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=上海电力大学 电气工程学院 上海 200090)])]), Author(id=1154041008770769457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=3349301040@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154041008833684021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, authorId=1154041008770769457, language=EN, stringName=Kailin WANG, firstName=Kailin, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=College of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154041008913375798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, authorId=1154041008770769457, language=CN, stringName=汪凯琳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=上海电力大学 电气工程学院 上海 200090, bio={"content":"

汪凯琳(1997-),女,硕士。研究方向:微电网混合储能优化配置。E-mail:3349301040@qq.com。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

汪凯琳(1997-),女,硕士。研究方向:微电网混合储能优化配置。E-mail:3349301040@qq.com。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154041008309395996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154041008313590301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, companyId=1154041008309395996, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154041008321978910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, companyId=1154041008309395996, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=上海电力大学 电气工程学院 上海 200090)])]), Author(id=1154041008959513144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=1622175131@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154041009022427708, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, authorId=1154041008959513144, language=EN, stringName=Huangkai YIN, firstName=Huangkai, middleName=null, lastName=YIN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=College of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154041009085342271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, authorId=1154041008959513144, language=CN, stringName=殷煌凯, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=上海电力大学 电气工程学院 上海 200090, bio={"content":"

殷煌凯(1995-),男,硕士。研究方向:智能用电。E-mail:1622175131@qq.com。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

殷煌凯(1995-),男,硕士。研究方向:智能用电。E-mail:1622175131@qq.com。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154041008309395996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154041008313590301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, companyId=1154041008309395996, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154041008321978910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, companyId=1154041008309395996, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=上海电力大学 电气工程学院 上海 200090)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1154041009672544847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Microgrid), Keyword(id=1154041009769013841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=two-stage robust optimization), Keyword(id=1154041009815151186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=battery energy storage life), Keyword(id=1154041009873871443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=capacity configuration), Keyword(id=1154041009920008788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=微电网), Keyword(id=1154041009970340437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=两阶段鲁棒优化), Keyword(id=1154041010033254998, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=电池储能寿命), Keyword(id=1154041010079392343, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=容量配置)], refs=[Reference(id=1154041013871043197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=40, issue=14, pageStart=152, pageEnd=155, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=刘文, 杨慧霞, 祝斌, journalName=电力系统保护与控制, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘文, 杨慧霞, 祝斌. 微电网关键技术研究综述[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2012. 40(14): 152-155., articleTitle=微电网关键技术研究综述, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041013933957758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=40, issue=14, pageStart=152, pageEnd=155, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Liu Wen, Yang Huixia, Zhu Bin, journalName=Power System Protection and Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Wen, Yang Huixia, Zhu Bin. Survey on key technologies of microgrid[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2012. 40(14): 152-155 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Survey on key technologies of microgrid, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041013992678015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=24, issue=1, pageStart=168, pageEnd=175, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Zhang Yawen, Zhou Xianyuan, journalName=Journal of Anhui Electrical Engineering Professional Technique College, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Yawen, Zhou Xianyuan. Research on optimal configuration of hybrid energy storage based on RTDS micro-grid[J]. Journal of Anhui Electrical Engineering Professional Technique College, 2019. 24(1): 168-175., articleTitle=Research on optimal configuration of hybrid energy storage based on RTDS micro-grid, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041014051398272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=20, issue=1, pageStart=179, pageEnd=213, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Goodall G, Scioletti M, Zolan A, journalName=Optimization and Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Goodall G, Scioletti M, Zolan A, et al. Optimal design and dispatch of a hybrid microgrid system capturing battery fade[J]. Optimization and Engineering, 2019. 20(1): 179-213., articleTitle=Optimal design and dispatch of a hybrid microgrid system capturing battery fade, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041014097535617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=33, issue=3, pageStart=2882, pageEnd=2894, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Shi Yuanyuan, Xu Bolun, Wang Di, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shi Yuanyuan, Xu Bolun, Wang Di, et al. Using battery storage for peak shaving and frequency regulation: joint optimization for superlinear gains[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2018. 33(3): 2882-2894., articleTitle=Using battery storage for peak shaving and frequency regulation: joint optimization for superlinear gains, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041014168838786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=4, issue=3, pageStart=1289, pageEnd=1296, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Tran D, Khambadkone A M, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tran D, Khambadkone A M. Energy management for lifetime extension of energy storage system in micro-grid applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2013. 4(3): 1289-1296., articleTitle=Energy management for lifetime extension of energy storage system in micro-grid applications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041014290473606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=33, issue=34, pageStart=83, pageEnd=89, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=6, authorNames=韩晓娟, 程成, 籍天明, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=韩晓娟, 程成, 籍天明, 等. 计及电池使用寿命的混合储能系统容量优化模型[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2013. 33(34): 83-89., articleTitle=计及电池使用寿命的混合储能系统容量优化模型, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041014357582472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=33, issue=34, pageStart=83, pageEnd=89, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Han Xiaojuan, Cheng Cheng, Ji Tianming, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Han Xiaojuan, Cheng Cheng, Ji Tianming, et al. Capacity optimal modeling of hybrid energy storage systems considering battery life[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2013. 33(34): 83-89 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Capacity optimal modeling of hybrid energy storage systems considering battery life, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041014424691338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=9, issue=2, pageStart=1131, pageEnd=1140, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Xu Bolun, Alexandre O, Andreas U, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu Bolun, Alexandre O, Andreas U, et al. Modeling of lithium-ion battery degradation for cell life assessment[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2018. 9(2): 1131-1140., articleTitle=Modeling of lithium-ion battery degradation for cell life assessment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041014483411596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=24, pageStart=55, pageEnd=62, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=9, authorNames=栗然, 党磊, 周鸿鹄, journalName=电力系统保护与控制, refType=null, unstructuredReference=栗然, 党磊, 周鸿鹄, 等. 基于费用效率法的风电场混合储能容量优化配置[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2015. 24): 55-62., articleTitle=基于费用效率法的风电场混合储能容量优化配置, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041014609240719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=24, pageStart=55, pageEnd=62, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Li Ran, Dang Lei, Zhou Honghu, journalName=Power System Protection and Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Ran, Dang Lei, Zhou Honghu, et al. Capacity optimization disposition of hybrid energy storage in wind field based on cost efficiency model[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2015. 24): 55-62 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Capacity optimization disposition of hybrid energy storage in wind field based on cost efficiency model, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041014680543889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=36, issue=20, pageStart=25, pageEnd=31, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=11, authorNames=陈健, 王成山, 赵波, journalName=电力系统自动化, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈健, 王成山, 赵波, 等. 考虑储能系统特性的独立微电网系统经济运行优化[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2012. 36(20): 25-31., articleTitle=考虑储能系统特性的独立微电网系统经济运行优化, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041014739264148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=36, issue=20, pageStart=25, pageEnd=31, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Chen Jian, Wang Chengshan, Zhao Bo, journalName=Automation of Electric Power Systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen Jian, Wang Chengshan, Zhao Bo, et al. Economic operation optimization of a stand-alone microgrid system considering characteristics of energy storage system[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2012. 36(20): 25-31 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Economic operation optimization of a stand-alone microgrid system considering characteristics of energy storage system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041014793790102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=41, issue=5, pageStart=457, pageEnd=461, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Zeng B, Zhao L, journalName=Operations Research Letters, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zeng B, Zhao L. Solving two-stage robust optimization problems using a column-and-constraint generation method[J]. Operations Research Letters, 2013. 41(5): 457-461., articleTitle=Solving two-stage robust optimization problems using a column-and-constraint generation method, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041014877676184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1998, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=14, authorNames=王鴻麟, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王鴻麟. 现代通信电源[M]. 北京: 人民邮电出版社, 1998., articleTitle=现代通信电源, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041014953173660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1998, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Wang Honglin, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Honglin. Modern Communication Power[M]. Beijing: The Posts and Telecommunications Press, 1998. (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Modern Communication Power, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041015116751518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=38, issue=14, pageStart=4013, pageEnd=4022, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=16, authorNames=刘一欣, 郭力, 王成山, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘一欣, 郭力, 王成山. 微电网两阶段鲁棒优化经济调度方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018. 38(14): 4013-4022., articleTitle=微电网两阶段鲁棒优化经济调度方法, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041015175471777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=38, issue=14, pageStart=4013, pageEnd=4022, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Liu Yixin, Guo Li, Wang Chengshan, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Yixin, Guo Li, Wang Chengshan. Economic dispatch of microgrid based on two stage robust optimization[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018. 38(14): 4013-4022 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Economic dispatch of microgrid based on two stage robust optimization, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041015242580643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=45, issue=2, pageStart=32, pageEnd=38, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=18, authorNames=武志错, 许言路, 蒋理, journalName=华北电力大学学报(自然科学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=武志错, 许言路, 蒋理, 等. 基于离散傅里叶变换的微电网混合储能容量优化[J]. 华北电力大学学报(自然科学版), 2018. 45(2): 32-38., articleTitle=基于离散傅里叶变换的微电网混合储能容量优化, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154041015330661030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=45, issue=2, pageStart=32, pageEnd=38, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Wu Zhikai, Xu Yanlu, Jiang Li, journalName=Journal of North China Electric Power University (Natural Science Edition), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu Zhikai, Xu Yanlu, Jiang Li, et al. Hybrid energy storage capacity optimization of microgrid based on discrete fourier transform[J]. Journal of North China Electric Power University (Natural Science Edition), 2018. 45(2): 32-38 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Hybrid energy storage capacity optimization of microgrid based on discrete fourier transform, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1154041013745214075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, awardId=51807114, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(51807114), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1154041013799740028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, awardId=51807114, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(51807114), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154041008309395996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154041008313590301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, companyId=1154041008309395996, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154041008321978910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, companyId=1154041008309395996, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=上海电力大学 电气工程学院 上海 200090)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1154041011811639896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Flow chart of solution, figureFileSmall=GCaO+JU6mZVbg9cy/2XXng==, figureFileBig=7stz0uDdYLcCPjBKxWmCcQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041011878748761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=图1, caption=求解流程, figureFileSmall=GCaO+JU6mZVbg9cy/2XXng==, figureFileBig=7stz0uDdYLcCPjBKxWmCcQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041011941663322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Flow chart of C&CG algorithm, figureFileSmall=FYh/jzYTu01ydOwdiST5bQ==, figureFileBig=1zJ03O2cTG/boYMJ5lfGnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041011991994971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=图2, caption=C&CG 算法求解流程, figureFileSmall=FYh/jzYTu01ydOwdiST5bQ==, figureFileBig=1zJ03O2cTG/boYMJ5lfGnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041012054909532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Typical daily wind power output and load, figureFileSmall=FORPJ7LtCyq38O50JHc3zg==, figureFileBig=ECiSXhqRB9h5RZnQStE7IA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041012117824093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=图3, caption=四季典型日风光出力和负荷功率数据, figureFileSmall=FORPJ7LtCyq38O50JHc3zg==, figureFileBig=ECiSXhqRB9h5RZnQStE7IA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041012159767134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Power function fitting curve of discharge depth and cycle number, figureFileSmall=4E6Zmwv6R+dX+0lidf7CfQ==, figureFileBig=Q11X4ZrYWokTL4FFNkEagg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041012256236127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=图4, caption=放电深度与循环次数的幂函数拟合曲线, figureFileSmall=4E6Zmwv6R+dX+0lidf7CfQ==, figureFileBig=Q11X4ZrYWokTL4FFNkEagg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041012314956384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=SOC of Model $\mathbf{A}\left({\tau = 0}\right)$, figureFileSmall=2yoMGziJqBkwroZWjGcJZA==, figureFileBig=w/wEjSQfBPAE/ktZJyciew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041012365288033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=图5, caption=A 模型荷电状态 $\left({\tau = 0}\right)$, figureFileSmall=2yoMGziJqBkwroZWjGcJZA==, figureFileBig=w/wEjSQfBPAE/ktZJyciew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041012432396898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=SOC of Model $\mathbf{B}\left({\tau = 0}\right)$, figureFileSmall=qEQjACZ+KvNwYw1OV4turA==, figureFileBig=/C2V+b8eMM57EgiTNoZHZg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041012478534243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=图6, caption=B 模型荷电状态 $\left({\tau = 0}\right)$, figureFileSmall=qEQjACZ+KvNwYw1OV4turA==, figureFileBig=/C2V+b8eMM57EgiTNoZHZg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041012558226020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=SOC of Model $\mathbf{A}\left({\tau ={0.05}}\right)$, figureFileSmall=mpYyTVDIDeZbmcIEOIkDyA==, figureFileBig=f28ewXtBFgK3dGgCP2qsQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041012629529190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=图7, caption=A 模型荷电状态 $\left({\tau ={0.05}}\right)$, figureFileSmall=mpYyTVDIDeZbmcIEOIkDyA==, figureFileBig=f28ewXtBFgK3dGgCP2qsQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041012700832360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=SOC of Model $\mathbf{B}\left({\tau ={0.05}}\right)$, figureFileSmall=Ifdhpd8aH1JUHPDLL02EmA==, figureFileBig=Ca9sZ+cMduKH0d5xBZ/VzQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041012755358314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=图8, caption=B 模型荷电状态 $\left({\tau ={0.05}}\right)$, figureFileSmall=Ifdhpd8aH1JUHPDLL02EmA==, figureFileBig=Ca9sZ+cMduKH0d5xBZ/VzQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154041012818272876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=Relevant parameters of microgrid, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值
${c}_{G}/\left({\mathrm{Y}/\mathrm{{kWh}}}\right)$ 0.6
${c}_{{om},{WT}}/\left({\yen /\mathrm{{kWh}}}\right)$ 0.0296
${c}_{{om},{PV}}/\left({\yen /\mathrm{{kWh}}}\right)$ 0.0096
${c}_{{om}, G}/\left({\yen /\mathrm{{kWh}}}\right)$ 0.059
${c}_{{om},{bat}}/\left({\yen /\mathrm{{kWh}}}\right)$ 0.009
$\rho$ 8%
$r/$ 10
${\mathrm{c}}_{\text{bat.int }}/\left({\yen /\mathrm{{kWh}}}\right)$ 1107
$\eta$ 0.95
$\mu$ 0.21
${\mathrm{{SOC}}}_{\min }$ 0.1
${\mathrm{{SOC}}}_{\max }$ 0.9
${P}_{\mathrm{G},\min }/\mathrm{{kW}}$ 10
${P}_{\mathrm{G},\max }/\mathrm{{kW}}$ 200
${P}_{\text{grid.max }}/\mathrm{{kW}}$ 500
), ArticleFig(id=1154041012885381742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=表1, caption=微网相关参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值
${c}_{G}/\left({\mathrm{Y}/\mathrm{{kWh}}}\right)$ 0.6
${c}_{{om},{WT}}/\left({\yen /\mathrm{{kWh}}}\right)$ 0.0296
${c}_{{om},{PV}}/\left({\yen /\mathrm{{kWh}}}\right)$ 0.0096
${c}_{{om}, G}/\left({\yen /\mathrm{{kWh}}}\right)$ 0.059
${c}_{{om},{bat}}/\left({\yen /\mathrm{{kWh}}}\right)$ 0.009
$\rho$ 8%
$r/$ 10
${\mathrm{c}}_{\text{bat.int }}/\left({\yen /\mathrm{{kWh}}}\right)$ 1107
$\eta$ 0.95
$\mu$ 0.21
${\mathrm{{SOC}}}_{\min }$ 0.1
${\mathrm{{SOC}}}_{\max }$ 0.9
${P}_{\mathrm{G},\min }/\mathrm{{kW}}$ 10
${P}_{\mathrm{G},\max }/\mathrm{{kW}}$ 200
${P}_{\text{grid.max }}/\mathrm{{kW}}$ 500
), ArticleFig(id=1154041012965073521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=Effect of daily cycle times, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
$\left\lbrack {{N}_{\text{day.}1},{N}_{\text{day.}2},{N}_{\text{day.}3},{N}_{\text{day.}4}}\right\rbrack$ 储能容量/kWh 综合成本/万元
$\left\lbrack {1,1,1,1}\right\rbrack$ 1285 435.47
$\left\lbrack {1,1,2,2}\right\rbrack$ 774 396.15
$\left\lbrack {2,2,2,2}\right\rbrack$ 510 374.75
$\left\lbrack {2,3,2,3}\right\rbrack$ 529 381.09
), ArticleFig(id=1154041013069931122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=表2, caption=日循环次数的影响, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
$\left\lbrack {{N}_{\text{day.}1},{N}_{\text{day.}2},{N}_{\text{day.}3},{N}_{\text{day.}4}}\right\rbrack$ 储能容量/kWh 综合成本/万元
$\left\lbrack {1,1,1,1}\right\rbrack$ 1285 435.47
$\left\lbrack {1,1,2,2}\right\rbrack$ 774 396.15
$\left\lbrack {2,2,2,2}\right\rbrack$ 510 374.75
$\left\lbrack {2,3,2,3}\right\rbrack$ 529 381.09
), ArticleFig(id=1154041013137039987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=Effect of energy storage life loss cost, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型 储能容量/kWh 综合成本/万元
A$\left({\tau = 0}\right)$ 1436 326.96
$\mathrm{B}\left({\tau = 0}\right)$ 251 337.73
A$\left({\tau ={0.05}}\right)$ 1055 360.48
$\mathrm{B}\left({\tau ={0.05}}\right)$ 510 374.75
), ArticleFig(id=1154041013241897588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=表3, caption=储能寿命损耗成本的影响, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型 储能容量/kWh 综合成本/万元
A$\left({\tau = 0}\right)$ 1436 326.96
$\mathrm{B}\left({\tau = 0}\right)$ 251 337.73
A$\left({\tau ={0.05}}\right)$ 1055 360.48
$\mathrm{B}\left({\tau ={0.05}}\right)$ 510 374.75
), ArticleFig(id=1154041013309006453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=Energy storage capacity configuration under different uncertainties, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
$\tau$ A 模型储能容量/kWh B 模型储能容量/kWh
0 1436 251
0.05 1055 510
0.10 814 771
0.15 1532 1473
), ArticleFig(id=1154041013405475446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=表4, caption=不同不确定度下的储能容量配置, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
$\tau$ A 模型储能容量/kWh B 模型储能容量/kWh
0 1436 251
0.05 1055 510
0.10 814 771
0.15 1532 1473
), ArticleFig(id=1154041013455807095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Tab. 5, caption=Effect of uncertainty on lifetime of energy storage, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
$\tau$ A 模型储能循环寿命年限(实际寿命年限)/年 B 模型储能循环寿命年限(实际寿命年限)/年
0 ${8.29}\left({8.29}\right)$ 52.08(10)
0.05 ${8.19}\left({8.19}\right)$ 10.47 (10)
0.10 ${8.03}\left({8.03}\right)$ ${9.39}\left({9.39}\right)$
0.15 ${6.35}\left({6.35}\right)$ ${6.82}\left({6.82}\right)$
), ArticleFig(id=1154041013522915960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=表5, caption=不确定度对储能寿命年限的影响, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
$\tau$ A 模型储能循环寿命年限(实际寿命年限)/年 B 模型储能循环寿命年限(实际寿命年限)/年
0 ${8.29}\left({8.29}\right)$ 52.08(10)
0.05 ${8.19}\left({8.19}\right)$ 10.47 (10)
0.10 ${8.03}\left({8.03}\right)$ ${9.39}\left({9.39}\right)$
0.15 ${6.35}\left({6.35}\right)$ ${6.82}\left({6.82}\right)$
), ArticleFig(id=1154041013585830521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=EN, label=Tab. 6, caption=Effect of energy storage cost reduction on energy storage capacity configuration, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
缩减比例 储能容量/kWh 综合成本/万元 储能寿命损耗成本/万元
0.9 438 373.57 6.97
0.7 481 369.64 7.17
0.5 510 364.56 7.48
), ArticleFig(id=1154041013636162170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1154040957029835031, language=CN, label=表6, caption=储能成本缩减对储能容量配置的影响, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
缩减比例 储能容量/kWh 综合成本/万元 储能寿命损耗成本/万元
0.9 438 373.57 6.97
0.7 481 369.64 7.17
0.5 510 364.56 7.48
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1046111678587809797, delFlag=0, nameCn=电源学报, nameEn=Journal of Power Supply, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=2095-2805, eissn=, cn=12-1420/TM, coden=null, periodic=bio-monthly, language=CN, oaType=是, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=Mx+A2dn+ULnPHuEAI1LruQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=J Power Supp, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1759802942253, createdBy=null, updatedBy=18614031015, firstLetterCn=J, firstLetterEn=J, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=工程, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=Mx+A2dn+ULnPHuEAI1LruQ==, picEn=yHt2vwjzkDgqh+JDCfJKoQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1162453073839375337, language=CN, name=电源学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.jops.cn/EN/home, createdTime=1755080010137, updatedTime=1755080010137, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.jops.cn/CN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionReviewUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1162453073902289898, language=EN, name=Journal of Power Supply, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.jops.cn/CN/home, createdTime=1755080010152, updatedTime=1755080010152, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.jops.cn/EN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionReviewUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146031654075715584, websiteList=[Website(id=1146832214672683008, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031654075715584, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1751355707101, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753435268747, updateBy=18614031015, name=电源学报-英文站点, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=电源学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155559379819679852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753436425404, updateTime=1753436425404, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155559379798708329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753436425399, updateTime=1753436425399, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155559379781931112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=efYTu4aDDzS8GgTA1MjEKw==, createTime=1753436425396, updateTime=1753436425396, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155559379811291243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1753436425402, updateTime=1753436425402, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155559379802902634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1753436425400, updateTime=1753436425400, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1148243202240405915, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031654075715584, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751692112741, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753435242839, updateBy=18614031015, name=电源学报-中文站点, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=电源学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148618015060553758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751781475081, updateTime=1751781475081, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148618015035387931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751781475075, updateTime=1751781475075, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148618015022805018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=efYTu4aDDzS8GgTA1MjEKw==, createTime=1751781475072, updateTime=1751781475072, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148618015052165149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751781475079, updateTime=1751781475079, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148618015043776540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751781475077, updateTime=1751781475077, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=电源学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.jops.cn/CN/home, iacademicId=null, status=0, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Journal of Power Supply, journalPhotoCn=Mx+A2dn+ULnPHuEAI1LruQ==, journalPhotoEn=yHt2vwjzkDgqh+JDCfJKoQ==, journalFirstLetter=J, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=null, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.1.101, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/EN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.1.101, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN/PDF/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.1.101, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/EN/PDF/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.1.101, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
考虑寿命损耗的微网电池储能容量优化配置
收藏切换
PDF下载
冯紫妍 , 许仪勋 , 汪凯琳 , 殷煌凯
电源学报 | 电池与储能 2024,22(1): 101-109
收起
收藏切换
电源学报 | 电池与储能 2024, 22(1): 101-109
考虑寿命损耗的微网电池储能容量优化配置
全屏
冯紫妍 , 许仪勋 , 汪凯琳 , 殷煌凯
作者信息
  • 上海电力大学 电气工程学院 上海 200090
  • 冯紫妍(1994-),女,通信作者,硕士。研究方向:微电网规划与储能优化运行。E-mail: fengziyan_fzy@163.com。

    许仪勋(1969-),男,博士,讲师。研究方向:微电网规划与运行和智能用电。E-mail: xu_yixun@sina.com。

    汪凯琳(1997-),女,硕士。研究方向:微电网混合储能优化配置。E-mail:3349301040@qq.com。

    殷煌凯(1995-),男,硕士。研究方向:智能用电。E-mail:1622175131@qq.com。

Optimal Configuration of Battery Energy Storage Capacity of Microgrid Considering Life Loss
Ziyan FENG , Yixun XU , Kailin WANG , Huangkai YIN
Affiliations
  • College of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai 200090 China
出版时间: 2024-01-30 doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.1.101
文章导航
收藏切换

针对微电网中电池储能设备折损过快和容量配置过高的问题,文中建立了考虑寿命损耗的微电网电池储能容量优化配置模型,并提出了一种基于固定日循环次数的电池储能寿命损耗成本计算方法,该方法结合了分段线性化思想和场景分析法,可通过优化电池储能的放电深度和日循环次数从而有效延长其寿命年限。此外,考虑到风光出力和负荷功率的不确定性,文中引入了两阶段鲁棒优化模型,并用列和约束生成算法求解。最后,通过算例验证了新模型在不同不确定度和不同电池储能单位价格下的有效性。

微电网  /  两阶段鲁棒优化  /  电池储能寿命  /  容量配置

Aimed at the problems of fast loss and high capacity configuration of battery energy storage equipment in microgrid, an optimal configuration model of battery energy storage capacity of microgrid considering life loss is established in this paper. In addition, a cost calculation method for the battery energy storage life loss based on fixed daily cycle times is also proposed. This method combines the piecewise linearization idea and the scenario analysis method, and it can effectively extend the lifetime by optimizing the discharging depth and daily cycle times of battery energy storage. Moreover, considering the uncertainties in wind power output and load power, a two-stage robust optimization model is introduced, which is further solved by the column-and-constraint generation algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the novel model under different uncertainties and different unit prices of battery energy storage is verified by numerical examples.

Microgrid  /  two-stage robust optimization  /  battery energy storage life  /  capacity configuration
冯紫妍, 许仪勋, 汪凯琳, 殷煌凯. 考虑寿命损耗的微网电池储能容量优化配置. 电源学报, 2024 , 22 (1) : 101 -109 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.1.101
Ziyan FENG, Yixun XU, Kailin WANG, Huangkai YIN. Optimal Configuration of Battery Energy Storage Capacity of Microgrid Considering Life Loss[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2024 , 22 (1) : 101 -109 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.1.101
微电网作为一种整合分布式电源、提高可再生能源渗透率的手段,一种传统电网向智能电网发展的过渡,其发展受到了人们的广泛关注${}^{\left\lbrack 1\text{-}3\right\rbrack }$。而电池储能是微电网中的重要补充, 合理估计电池储能的寿命损耗情况, 优化电池储能的运行方式, 有利于提高整个微电网的经济性。
对于电池储能寿命损耗的研究, 部分研究者从电池储能本身的寿命衰减机理出发,研究运行过程中的各类因素对电池储能寿命的影响。如文献[4]选取折算系数、以交换功率衡量电池储能折损情况, 但是以固定的折算比例难以代表电池储能在运行过程中的动态变化。文献[5]提出了基于电池储能工作负荷的 Peukert 寿命能量吞吐量预测模型, 该模型在不完全循环情况下也可计算由于电池储能寿命等效损耗, 但模型复杂, 对模型求解要求较高。部分研究者则建立了有关电池储能寿命的经验或半经验模型, 如文献[6]采用四阶函数对电池储能的放电深度以及循环寿命的关系进行回归分析, 从而计算相应的电池储能寿命损耗。文献[7]通过锂电池老化测试的实验数据确定各类锂电池的寿命评估模型,并提出了根据制造商的数据调整模型系数的方法。文献[8]使用雨流计数法计算电池储能寿命折损费用, 其非线性程度很高, 仅适用于电池储能充放电曲线确定后对其损耗情况的评估, 而无法通过优化电池储能的充放电情况而延长其寿命年限。
在忽略外部环境影响因素的前提下, 电池储能的寿命损耗主要取决于其放电深度和循环次数${}^{\left( 9\right)}$, 而在微网规划中, 新能源出力和负荷的不确定性将会对电池储能的充放电策略产生较大影响, 因此, 在考虑不确定性的同时研究电池储能的容量配置和寿命损耗十分有必要。
文中建立了考虑寿命损耗的微网电池储能容量优化配置模型。针对有限个日循环次数取值情况, 可先固定电池储能日循环次数, 利用场景分析法分别计算电池储能寿命损耗成本, 优化了电池储能寿命年限。为解决风光出力和负荷功率的不确定性问题, 文中又引入了两阶段鲁棒优化模型, 先将非线性问题转化为一个 min-max-min 形式的混合整数线性问题, 再将线性化后的模型通过强对偶理论以及列和约束生成 C&CG(column-and-constraint generation)算法[10],联合商用求解软件 Gurobi 求解。 最终通过在算例中比较了是否引入电池储能寿命损耗成本、不同不确定度以及不同电池储能成本缩减比例下的电池储能容量、寿命年限和综合成本等指标, 验证了文中所建模型的有效性。
电池储能的循环寿命与放电深度的关系可由幂函数拟合得到
${N}_{\text{life }}= {N}_{0}{\left( dod\right)}^{-a}$
式中:${N}_{\text{life }}$ 为电池储能达到退役条件时的循环次数;${N}_{0}$ 为电池储能以 100%放电深度充放电时的循环次数; dod 为电池储能充放电循环的放电深度;$a$ 为拟合得到的常数。${N}_{0}$$a$ 均为电池储能设备出厂固定参数。
若电池储能日循环次数${N}_{\text{day }}$ 已知,则放电深度 dod 下,电池储能循环寿命的次数${N}_{\text{life }}$ 与年限${T}_{\text{life }}$ 折算关系为
${T}_{\text{life }}= \frac{{N}_{\text{life }}\left({dod}\right)}{{365}{N}_{\text{day }}}$
由于假定了微网电池储能的容量与最大功率存在固定的比值关系, 如式 (16), 因此根据电池储能设备单位容量的价格计算其等年值投资成本为
${C}_{\text{int.per }}= \frac{\rho {\left( 1 +\rho \right)}^{{T}_{\text{life }}}}{{\left( 1 +\rho \right)}^{{T}_{\text{life }}}- 1}{\mathrm{c}}_{\text{bat.int }}$
式中:$\rho$ 为折现率;${\mathrm{c}}_{\mathrm{{bat}}\text{.int }}$ 为电池储能单位容量价格。
将单位容量电池储能设备的等年值投资成本平均分配在其循环寿命的每一天, 即为单位容量电池储能的日寿命损耗成本。综合式(1)~式(3)可知,${T}_{\text{life }}$ 越小,${dod}$ 越大,${N}_{\text{day }}$ 越大,相应的电池储能的日寿命损耗成本越大,反之越小。当给定日循环次数${N}_{\mathrm{{day}}}$ 后,将电池储能循环放电深度分段线性化,可对每段分别拟合。第$d$ 个分段单位容量的日电池储能寿命损耗成本拟合参数为
${B}_{d}\left({N}_{\text{day }}\right)= \frac{\rho {\left( 1 +\rho \right)}^{\frac{{N}_{\text{life }}\left(\overline{dod}\right)}{{365}{N}_{\text{day }}}}}{{\left( 1 +\rho \right)}^{\frac{{N}_{\text{life }}\left(\overline{dod}\right)}{{365}{N}_{\text{day }}}}}\frac{{C}_{\text{bat.int }}}{365}$
式中:${B}_{d}$ 为避免低估电池储能寿命损耗成本,取第$d$ 个分段的放电深度的上限$\overline{{do}{d}_{d}}$ 作为拟合目标中的放电深度。放电深度分段数$d$ 取 5。当${N}_{\mathrm{{day}}}= 0$ 时,${B}_{d}= 0$
出于优化最大放电深度的目的, 在优化运行问题中, 电池储能日寿命损耗成本模型为
${C}_{\text{bat }}= {E}_{\text{bat.max }}\mathop{\max }\limits_{t}\left\lbrack {\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{d = 1}}^{5}{B}_{d}\left({N}_{\text{day }}\right){g}_{d}\left( t\right)}\right\rbrack $
式中:${E}_{\text{bat.max }}$ 为配置的电池储能容量;${g}_{d}\left( t\right)$ 为放电深度分段$0/1$ 变量,若其取 1 则表示在$t$ 时刻电池储能的放电深度在第$d$ 个分段区间。
循环次数为
$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{N}_{\mathrm{{day}}}= \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{t = 1}}^{{24}}{S}_{\mathrm{{bat}}}\left( t\right)\\{S}_{\mathrm{{bat}}}\left( t\right)= \max \left\{{{U}_{\mathrm{{bat}}}\left( t\right)- {U}_{\mathrm{{bat}}}\left({t - 1}\right),0}\right\}\end{array}\right.$
式中:${S}_{\text{bat }}\left( t\right)$ 为如果电池储能在$t$ 时刻开始充电,计为 1,否则为$0;{U}_{\text{bat }}\left( t\right)$$t$ 时刻电池储能系统充放电状态变量, 1 代表充电, 0 代表放电。日循环次数${N}_{\text{day }}$$\{ 0,1,2,\cdots,{12}\}$ 中取值。
放电深度为
$\left\{\begin{array}{l} 1 -\operatorname{SOC}\left( t\right)= \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{d = 1}}^{5}{\operatorname{dod}}_{d}\left( t\right)\\\frac{{\operatorname{dod}}_{d}{g}_{d}\left( t\right)\leq {\operatorname{dod}}_{d}\left( t\right)\leq {\operatorname{dod}}_{d}{g}_{d}\left( t\right)}{\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{d = 1}}^{5}{g}_{d}\left( t\right)= 1}\end{array}\right.$
式中:${\operatorname{dod}}_{d}\left( t\right)$ 为电池储能系统第$t$ 个时段、第$d$ 个分段的放电深度;$\overline{{do}{d}_{d}}$$\underline{{do}{d}_{d}}$ 分别为第$d$ 个分段的放电深度的上、下限。
采用雨流计数法, 获得一个工作周期内电池储能的循环次数及放电深度, 则电池储能循环寿命年限计算为
${T}_{\text{cycle }}= \frac{1}{\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{k = 1}}^{{k}_{0}}\left({\frac{1}{{T}_{\text{life }k}}+ \frac{1}{{T}_{\text{life-half }k}}}\right)} $
$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{T}_{\text{life.}k}= \frac{{N}_{\text{life }}\left({\operatorname{dod}}_{k}\right)}{365}\\{T}_{\text{life-half.}}= \frac{{N}_{\text{life }}\left({\operatorname{dod}}_{\text{half.}k}\right)}{{0.5}\times {365}}\end{array}\right.$
式中:${\operatorname{dod}}_{k}$${\operatorname{dod}}_{\text{half }k}$ 分别为电池储能第$k$ 个全循环、 半循环周期对应的放电深度;${T}_{\text{life }k}$${T}_{\text{life-half }k}$ 分别为电池储能第$k$ 个全循环、半循环周期对应的寿命年限;${k}_{0}$ 为总循环周期数。
由文献 [11] 可知, 电池储能的寿命年限分为循环寿命年限和浮充寿命年限, 其实际寿命则以二者中的较小值为准, 即
${T}_{\text{bat }}= \min \left\{{{T}_{\text{cycle }},{T}_{\text{float }}}\right\}$
式中:${T}_{\text{bat }}\text{、}{T}_{\text{cycle }}$${T}_{\text{float }}$ 分别为电池储能的实际寿命年限、循环寿命年限和浮充寿命年限。
目标函数主要考虑了投资成本和运行成本两部分, 其中, 投资成本主要为电池储能的等年值投资成本,运行成本则包括配电网交互成本(购售电成本)、 各单元运维成本以及微型燃气轮机的燃料成本, 即
$\min C =\min \left\{{{C}_{\text{int }}+ {C}_{\text{ope }}}\right\}$
$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{C}_{\text{int }}= \frac{\rho {\left( 1 +\rho \right)}^{r}}{{\left( 1 +\rho \right)}^{r}- 1}{\mathrm{c}}_{\text{bat.int }}{E}_{\text{bat.max }}\\{C}_{\text{ope }}= \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i = 1}}^{I}{365}{k}_{i}\left\lbrack {{C}_{\text{bat.}i}+ {C}_{\text{grid.}i}+ {C}_{\text{ou.}i}+ {C}_{\text{fun.}i}}\right\rbrack \end{array}\right.$
$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{C}_{\text{grid.}i}= \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{t = 1}}^{{24}}\left\lbrack {{\mathrm{c}}_{\text{grid }}\left( t\right){P}_{\text{buy.i }}\left( t\right){\Delta t}- {\mathrm{c}}_{\text{grid }}\left( t\right){P}_{\text{sell.i }}\left( t\right){\Delta t}}\right\rbrack \\{C}_{\text{on }i}= \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{t = 1}}^{W}\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{t = 1}}^{{24}}{c}_{\text{owW }}{P}_{\text{W.}i}\left( t\right){\Delta t}\\{C}_{\text{fineL }}= \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{t = 1}}^{{24}}{c}_{\text{shell }}{P}_{\text{si }i}\left( t\right){\Delta t}\end{array}\right.$
式中:$C$ 为综合成本;${C}_{\text{int }}$ 为电池储能等年值投资成本;${C}_{ope}$ 为微网年运行成本;$\rho$ 为折现率;$r$ 为折现年数;${c}_{\text{bat.int }}$ 为电池储能单位容量投资成本;${E}_{\text{bat.max }}$ 为电池储能配置容量;${C}_{\text{bat }, i}$${C}_{\text{grid }, i}$${C}_{\text{om }i}$${C}_{\text{fuel }, i}$ 分别为第$i$ 个典日对应的电池储能寿命日损耗成本、购售电成本、各单元运维成本、燃料成本;${c}_{\text{grid }}$ 为电网电价;${c}_{\mathrm{{om}}.\mathrm{W}}$ 为第$W$ 种单元的运维成本系数。
微型燃气轮机出力约束为
${P}_{\mathrm{G},\min }\leq {P}_{\mathrm{G}}\left( t\right)\leq {P}_{\mathrm{G},\max }$
式中,${P}_{\mathrm{G}\text{.min }}\text{、}{P}_{\mathrm{G}\text{.max }}$ 分别为微型燃气轮机出力的上下限, 分别受其最小负载率和额定功率的限制。
微电网购电功率约束为
$\left\{\begin{array}{l} 0 \leq {P}_{\text{buy }}\left( t\right)\leq {U}_{\text{grid }}\left( t\right){P}_{\text{grid.max }}\\ 0 \leq {P}_{\text{sell }}\left( t\right)\leq \left\lbrack {1 -{U}_{\text{grid }}\left( t\right)}\right\rbrack {P}_{\text{grid.max }}\end{array}\right.$
式中:${P}_{\text{buy }}\left( t\right)\text{、}{P}_{\text{sell }}\left( t\right)$ 分别为第$t$ 个时段微电网的购、 售电功率;${P}_{\text{grid.max }}$ 为微电网与配电网之间的联络线的交互功率上限;${U}_{\text{grid }}\left( t\right)$$t$ 时段微电网购售电状态变量; 1 代表购电; 0 代表售电。
(1)电池储能充放电功率约束为
$\left\{\begin{array}{l} 0 \leq {P}_{\mathrm{{dis}}}\left( t\right)\leq \left\lbrack {1 -{U}_{\mathrm{{bat}}}\left( t\right)}\right\rbrack {P}_{\mathrm{{bat}},\max }\\ 0 \leq {P}_{\mathrm{{ch}}}\left( t\right)\leq {U}_{\mathrm{{bat}}}\left( t\right){P}_{\mathrm{{bat}},\max }\end{array}\right.$
${P}_{\text{bat.max }}= \mu {E}_{\text{bat.max }}$
式中:${P}_{\mathrm{{dis}}}\left( t\right)\text{、}{P}_{\mathrm{{ch}}}\left( t\right)$ 分别为$t$ 时刻电池储能系统放电和充电功率;${P}_{\text{bat.max }}$ 为电池储能充放电功率上限;$\mu$ 为电池储能功率上限和容量的固定比例系数。
(2)电池储能荷电状态 SOC(state-of-charge)约束为
$\left\{\begin{matrix}\mathrm{{SOC}}\left( t\right)= \left\lbrack {E\left( 0\right)+ \eta \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{{t}^{\prime }= 1}}^{t}{P}_{\mathrm{{ch}}}\left({t}^{\prime }\right){\Delta t}- }\right.\\\left.{\frac{1}{\eta }\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{{t}^{\prime }= 1}}^{t}{P}_{\mathrm{{dis}}}\left({t}^{\prime }\right){\Delta t}}\right\rbrack /{E}_{\text{bat.max }}\\\mathrm{{SO}}{C}_{t, n}\leq \mathrm{{SOC}}\left( t\right)\leq {\mathrm{{SOC}}}_{t, n}\end{matrix}\right.$
式中:${\Delta t}$ 为时间步长,文中取$1\mathrm{\;h};E\left( 0\right)$ 为电池储能初始电量;${\mathrm{{SOC}}}_{\max }$${\mathrm{{SOC}}}_{\min }$ 分别为电池储能的荷电状态上下限;$\eta$ 为电池储能充放电效率。
为便于在微电网运行中对电池储能进行调度, 要求调度周期(本文取 24 小时)始末的剩余电量一致, 即一个调度周期内电池储能的充放电量需要相等, 为
$\eta \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{t = 1}}^{{24}}{P}_{\mathrm{{ch}}}\left( t\right){\Delta t}- \frac{1}{\eta }\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{t = 1}}^{{24}}{P}_{\mathrm{{dis}}}\left( t\right){\Delta t}= 0 $
(4)最大允许安装容量约束为
$ 0 \leq {E}_{\text{bat.max }}\leq {s}_{\text{bat.max }}$
式中:${s}_{\text{bat.max }}$ 为电池储能设备的最大允许安装容量, 受实际安装场地条件的影响。
功率平衡约束为
${P}_{\mathrm{{dis}}}\left( t\right)- {P}_{\mathrm{{ch}}}\left( t\right)+ {P}_{\mathrm{{buy}}}\left( t\right)- {P}_{\mathrm{{sell}}}\left( t\right)+ {P}_{\mathrm{G}}\left( t\right)+ {u}_{\mathrm{{PV}}}\left( t\right)+ \\{u}_{\mathrm{{WT}}}\left( t\right)= {u}_{\mathrm{L}}\left( t\right)$
式中:${u}_{\mathrm{{PV}}}\left( t\right)\text{、}{u}_{\mathrm{{WT}}}\left( t\right)\text{、}{u}_{\mathrm{L}}\left( t\right)$ 分别为第$t$ 个时段的光伏、 风机出力和负荷功率的不确定变量。
对式 (5) 电池储能日损耗寿命成本${C}_{\text{bat }}$ 线性化为
${C}_{\text{bat.max }}\geq {E}_{\text{bat.max }}\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{d = 1}}^{5}{B}_{\mathrm{d}}\left({N}_{\text{day }}\right){g}_{\mathrm{d}}\left( t\right)$
对式 (6) 循环计数变量${S}_{\text{bat }}\left( t\right)$ 线性化为
$\left\{\begin{array}{l}{S}_{\text{bat }}\left( t\right)\geq {U}_{\text{bat }}\left( t\right)- {U}_{\text{bat }}\left({t - 1}\right)\\{S}_{\text{bat }}\left( t\right)\geq 0 \end{array}\right.$
对于两阶段鲁棒问题中对偶处理及双线性项问题的解决[12],此处不再赘述。
为了解决微网中风光出力和负荷功率的不确定性问题, 文中将鲁棒思想引入 2.1 节和 2.2 节中的线性确定型模型, 构建了考虑电池储能寿命损耗的两阶段鲁棒优化模型, 可求得在风光出力和负荷功率最恶劣的场景下使得微电网综合成本最小的电池储能容量配置和出力方案,其等效模型为
$\left\{\begin{array}{l}\mathop{\min }\limits_{{E}_{\text{tame }}}\left\{{{C}_{\text{int }}+ \mathop{\max }\limits_{u}\alpha }\right\}\\\text{ s.t.}\left\{\begin{array}{l}\left({20}\right)\\\alpha =\mathop{\min }\limits_{{x, y, z,{C}_{\text{one }}}}\\\left\{\begin{array}{l}\left( 7\right)\cdot \left({22}\right)\sim \left({23}\right)\sim \left({23}\right)\\\left({144}\right)= \left({19}\right)\sim \left({21}\right)\end{array}\right.\end{array}\right.\end{array}\right.$
式中:${C}_{\text{int }}$ 为投资成本,是一阶段目标函数;${E}_{\text{batmax }}$ 为决策变量;$u ={\left\lbrack \begin{array}{lll}{u}_{\mathrm{{WT}}}\left( t\right)& {u}_{\mathrm{{PV}}}\left( t\right)& {u}_{\mathrm{L}}\left( t\right)\end{array}\right\rbrack }^{\mathrm{T}}$ 为不确定变量;${C}_{\text{ope }}$ 为二阶段目标函数;$x ={\left\lbrack \begin{array}{lllll}{U}_{\text{bat }}\left( t\right)& {U}_{\text{grid }}\left( t\right)& {g}_{1}\left( t\right)& \cdots &{\mathrm{g}}_{5}\left( t\right)\end{array}\right\rbrack }^{\mathrm{T}}, y =$ ${\left\lbrack \begin{array}{llllll}{P}_{\mathrm{{ch}}}\left( t\right)& {P}_{\mathrm{{dis}}}\left( t\right)& {S}_{\mathrm{{bat}}}\left( t\right)& {P}_{\mathrm{{buy}}}\left( t\right)& {P}_{\mathrm{{sell}}}\left( t\right)& {P}_{G}\left( t\right)\end{array}\right\rbrack }^{\mathrm{T}}, z =\left\lbrack {{\operatorname{dod}}_{1}\left( t\right)}\right.$ ${\left.{\operatorname{dod}}_{2}\left( t\right)\cdots {\operatorname{dod}}_{5i}\left( t\right)\right\rbrack }^{\mathrm{T}}$${C}_{\text{bat }}$ 为二阶段决策变量。
由于微网系统中, 风光出力和负荷存在不确定性, 将其以上下界等比例缩放的盒式不确定集表示为
$ U =\left\{{\left({1 -\tau }\right){u}_{0}\leq u \leq \left({1 +\tau }\right){u}_{0}}\right\}$
式中:${u}_{0}$ 为风光出力和负荷功率的预测值;$\tau$ 为缩放比例, 即不确定度, 其为衡量衡量不确定变量 (风光出力和负荷功率)的不确定性的指标, 当对微网的鲁棒性要求越高时, 或风光出力和负荷功率的实际值与预测值的误差越大时,不确定度取值越大。
模型总体的求解思路如图1 所示, 对各典型日的电池储能日循环次数${N}_{\mathrm{{day}}, i}$ 分别取固定值,在其排列组合后的场景下可分别求微电网系统综合成本$C$,最终输出综合成本最小时所对应的优化结果。
对于上述两阶段鲁棒优化模型, 文中采用 C&CG 算法将之分解为主问题和子问题, 交替求解。模型利用 yalmip 工具箱建立, 子问题中调用了求解器 gurobi。C&CG 算法求解流程如图2
选取为期一年,采样步长为 1 小时的四季典型日风光出力和负荷功率数据如图3 所示, 选择磷酸铁锂电池作为微电网电池储能, 其放电深度与循环次数的幂函数拟合曲线, 如图4 所示, 其他微网相关参数如表1 所示。高峰电价时段为 9:00- 11:00 和 19:00-23:00,电价均为 1.35 元/kWh,低谷电价时段为 24:00~8:00 和 12:00~18:00,电价分别为 0.48 元$/\mathrm{{kWh}}$ 和 0.9 元$/\mathrm{{kWh}}$
建立不考虑电池储能寿命损耗成本的模型 (A 模型),即
$\left\{\begin{array}{l}\mathop{\min }\limits_{{E}_{\text{bet, min }}}\left\{{{C}_{\text{int }}+ \mathop{\max }\limits_{u}\beta }\right\}\\\text{ s.t.}\left\{\begin{array}{l}\left({20}\right)\\\beta =\mathop{\min }\limits_{{u,{u}_{i},{u}_{j},{P}_{i, j},{P}_{i, j}}},\\{C}_{\text{int, max }},{P}_{i, j},{P}_{i, j},{P}_{i, j}\\{C}_{\text{int, max }},{P}_{i, j},{P}_{i, j},{P}_{i, j},{P}_{i, j},{P}_{i, j}\end{array}\right.\end{array}\right.$
将前文建立的考虑电池储能寿命损耗模型(式 (24))与式 (26) 进行对比, 当不确定度取 0.05 时, B 模型优化计算中, 列举了几种四季典型日的日循环次数取不同值时的电池储能配置结果及对应的综合成本,如表2 所示。
表2 可知, 相比于其他日循环次数取值情况,$\left\lbrack {{N}_{\mathrm{{day}}{.1}},{N}_{\mathrm{{day}}{.2}},{N}_{\mathrm{{day}}{.3}},{N}_{\mathrm{{day}}{.4}}}\right\rbrack =\left\lbrack {2,2,2,2}\right\rbrack$ 对应的电池储能容量配置和综合成本均为最低, 说明在日循环次数取值过大或过小均不能使得微电网的经济性最优,并且会导致储能的充放电情况与需平抑的微电网小时级不平衡功率匹配程度降低, 从而不得不增加其容量配置。比较$\mathrm{A}$ 模型与$\mathrm{B}$ 模型的优化结果, 其电池储能容量和综合成本如表3 所示。
在引入电池储能寿命损耗成本后, 电池储能的容量配置明显降低,综合成本上升,$\tau = 0$ 时,电池储能容量降幅为${82.52}\%$,综合成本增幅为${3.29}\%,\tau =$ 0.05 时, 电池储能容量降幅为 51.66%, 综合成本增幅为 3.96%,说明了若忽略电池储能寿命损耗成本, 容易过多配置电池储能容量,且低估了综合成本。
图5~图8 为确定性模型和鲁棒模型最优容量配置下的电池储能荷电状态,由此可知,取$\tau = 0$ 时, A 模型平均荷电状态为 0.62, 最大放电深度为 0.76, B 模型平均荷电状态为 0.74,最大放电深度为 0.45。取$\tau ={0.05}$ 时,$\mathrm{A}$ 模型平均荷电状态为 0.632,最大放电深度为${0.9},\mathrm{\;B}$ 模型平均荷电状态为0.675,最大放电深度为 0.65。
当不确定度分别取 0、0.05、0.10、0.15 时, A、B 两类模型电池储能容量优化配置结果如表4 所示。
纵向对比, A 模型配置的电池储能容量随着不确定度的增大先增大后减小,而$\mathrm{B}$ 模型配置的电池储能容量则是与不确定度呈正相关。
横向对比,在不同不确定度下,$\mathrm{A}$ 模型配置的电池储能容量均高于$\mathrm{B}$ 模型,且二者配置的电池储能容量逐渐接近。
这是由于随着不确定度的增加, 相当于微电网系统的净负荷增加,为满足更加恶劣的出力场景, 需要增加从电网的购电量。经计算, A 模型的联络线利用率 (购电)[13] 在不同不确定度下分别为 0.63、 0.66、0.75、0.83、0.89。可见,由于联络线功率上限的限制, 购电比例上升, 而相应的通过售电盈利的比例下降, 相应的 A 模型中电池储能对系统经济性的正面作用也逐渐减弱。因此, 在不确定度为 0 和 0.05 时, A 模型由于不计电池储能寿命损耗, 低估了微电网的运行成本, 过于乐观地配置大量电池储能, 期望借此实现套利, 而 B 模型则由于计及了电池储能寿命损耗成本, 在优化中发现无法通过电池储能低储高发实现盈利的目的, 因此为降低微电网的综合成本从而少配置了电池储能。在不确定度为 0.1 和 0.15 时,由于联络线功率上限的限制,$\mathrm{A}$ 模型电池储能的盈利空间进一步被压缩, 因此其容量的过配程度逐渐减弱,与$\mathrm{B}$ 模型配置的电池储能容量也越来越接近。
计算电池储能寿命年限, 结果如表5 所示。证明了在不同的不确定度下, 引入电池储能寿命损耗成本后均有助于延长电池储能的寿命年限, 避免实际微网运行过程中电池储能损耗过快的问题。
由式 (10) 可知, 电池储能的实际寿命年限=min {循环寿命年限,浮充寿命年限},在本文中设定电池储能的浮充年限为固定值 10 年,则在表5 中 B 模型在不确定度分别为 0 和 0.05 时, 由式 (8) 和 (9) 计算所得的电池储能循环寿命年限均大于其浮充寿命年限, 因此, 这两种情况下电池储能的实际寿命年限取后者。
随着技术的发展,电池储能成本会进一步降低,因此文中探讨不同电池储能成本缩减比例下,$\tau ={0.05}$ 时计及电池储能寿命损耗成本的模型 (B 模型)的电池储能容量配置情况、综合成本以及电池储能寿命损耗成本, 如表6 所示。
当电池储能单位成本不断缩减, 电池储能的配置容量升高,综合成本降低。例如,当电池储能单位成本分别缩减至原成本的 0.9、0.7 和 0.5 时,电池储能的优化配置容量不断增加, 相应的储能寿命损耗成本也不断增加, 而综合成本则不断减少, 说明当电池储能单位成本越低时,微网系统越倾向于配置更多的电池储能, 以合理付出电池储能寿命损耗成本的方式来达到总体经济性最优的目的。
文中建立了考虑电池储能寿命损耗成本的微网电池储能容量优化配置模型, 并提出了一种基于固定日循环次数的电池储能寿命模型,利用两阶段鲁棒优化解决了风光出力和负荷功率的不确定性问题, 最终通过场景分析法以及列和约束生成算法求解。现有以下结论:
(1)引入以日循环次数和放电深度为决策变量的电池储能寿命模型后, 其寿命年限在各典型日出力场景下均得到一定程度的延长。
(2)随着不确定度的增加,电池储能在微网配置中的占比也随之增大,为平衡功率需要牺牲一定的电池储能寿命来保证经济性。但在配置及运行优化结果方面, 文中模型依旧优于不计电池储能寿命损耗成本的模型。
(3)电池储能单位成本的降低会促使微网配置更多的电池储能以使得综合成本最小, 电池储能容量和单位成本的变化均会影响电池储能寿命损耗成本。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51807114)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
刘文, 杨慧霞, 祝斌. 微电网关键技术研究综述[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2012. 40(14): 152-155.
Liu Wen, Yang Huixia, Zhu Bin. Survey on key technologies of microgrid[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2012. 40(14): 152-155 (in Chinese).
[2]
Zhang Yawen, Zhou Xianyuan. Research on optimal configuration of hybrid energy storage based on RTDS micro-grid[J]. Journal of Anhui Electrical Engineering Professional Technique College, 2019. 24(1): 168-175.
[3]
Goodall G, Scioletti M, Zolan A, et al. Optimal design and dispatch of a hybrid microgrid system capturing battery fade[J]. Optimization and Engineering, 2019. 20(1): 179-213.
[4]
Shi Yuanyuan, Xu Bolun, Wang Di, et al. Using battery storage for peak shaving and frequency regulation: joint optimization for superlinear gains[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2018. 33(3): 2882-2894.
[5]
Tran D, Khambadkone A M. Energy management for lifetime extension of energy storage system in micro-grid applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2013. 4(3): 1289-1296.
[6]
韩晓娟, 程成, 籍天明, 等. 计及电池使用寿命的混合储能系统容量优化模型[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2013. 33(34): 83-89.
Han Xiaojuan, Cheng Cheng, Ji Tianming, et al. Capacity optimal modeling of hybrid energy storage systems considering battery life[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2013. 33(34): 83-89 (in Chinese).
[7]
Xu Bolun, Alexandre O, Andreas U, et al. Modeling of lithium-ion battery degradation for cell life assessment[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2018. 9(2): 1131-1140.
[8]
栗然, 党磊, 周鸿鹄, 等. 基于费用效率法的风电场混合储能容量优化配置[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2015. 24): 55-62.
Li Ran, Dang Lei, Zhou Honghu, et al. Capacity optimization disposition of hybrid energy storage in wind field based on cost efficiency model[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2015. 24): 55-62 (in Chinese).
[9]
陈健, 王成山, 赵波, 等. 考虑储能系统特性的独立微电网系统经济运行优化[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2012. 36(20): 25-31.
Chen Jian, Wang Chengshan, Zhao Bo, et al. Economic operation optimization of a stand-alone microgrid system considering characteristics of energy storage system[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2012. 36(20): 25-31 (in Chinese).
[10]
Zeng B, Zhao L. Solving two-stage robust optimization problems using a column-and-constraint generation method[J]. Operations Research Letters, 2013. 41(5): 457-461.
[11]
王鴻麟. 现代通信电源[M]. 北京: 人民邮电出版社, 1998.
Wang Honglin. Modern Communication Power[M]. Beijing: The Posts and Telecommunications Press, 1998. (in Chinese).
[12]
刘一欣, 郭力, 王成山. 微电网两阶段鲁棒优化经济调度方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018. 38(14): 4013-4022.
Liu Yixin, Guo Li, Wang Chengshan. Economic dispatch of microgrid based on two stage robust optimization[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018. 38(14): 4013-4022 (in Chinese).
[13]
武志错, 许言路, 蒋理, 等. 基于离散傅里叶变换的微电网混合储能容量优化[J]. 华北电力大学学报(自然科学版), 2018. 45(2): 32-38.
Wu Zhikai, Xu Yanlu, Jiang Li, et al. Hybrid energy storage capacity optimization of microgrid based on discrete fourier transform[J]. Journal of North China Electric Power University (Natural Science Edition), 2018. 45(2): 32-38 (in Chinese).
2024年第22卷第1期
PDF下载
372
150
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.1.101
  • 接收时间:2021-02-18
  • 首发时间:2025-07-21
  • 出版时间:2024-01-30
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-18
  • 修回日期:2021-04-07
  • 录用日期:2021-04-15
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51807114)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51807114)
作者信息
    上海电力大学 电气工程学院 上海 200090
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.1.101
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏