Article(id=1153375944845812565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, issueId=1153375932170621317, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.6.234, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1636732800000, receivedDateStr=2021-11-13, revisedDate=1646496000000, revisedDateStr=2022-03-06, acceptedDate=1646755200000, acceptedDateStr=2022-03-09, onlineDate=1752915853939, onlineDateStr=2025-07-19, pubDate=1732896000000, pubDateStr=2024-11-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752915853939, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752915853939, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752915853939, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1153375932170621317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, year='2024', volume='22', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='326', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752915850917, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753780959263, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1157004459600597839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, issueId=1153375932170621317, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1157004459600597840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, issueId=1153375932170621317, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=234, endPage=243, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1153375945286214488, articleId=1153375944845812565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, language=EN, title=Prediction Method for Lithium Battery Cycle Life Based on Fatigue Theory and Equivalent Cycle Number, columnId=1152281491788100462, journalTitle=Journal of Power Supply, columnName=Battery and Energy Storage, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

At present, the physical parameters of a lithium battery cycle life model are difficult to obtain, and the parameter identification process needs a lot of experimental data and a long test time. In addition, it is difficult and expensive to simulate the cycling effect of lithium-ion batteries. On this basis, in order to explore the electrical stimulation of lithium-ion battery aging (due to cycling) and its effect on the battery capacity and internal resistance, a novel cycle life model of lithium-ion battery is proposed. First, a simple physical equation is established based on the fatigue theory and equivalent cycle counting. The parameter identification process is simple, requiring only a small amount of data in the battery data table and a limited (or short) cycle test. The proposed model is general and can represent the effects of common cycle life factors such as depth-of-discharge, temperature and C rate. Finally, two kinds of lithium-ion batteries (i.e., LFP-LiFePO4 and NMC-LiNiMnCoO2) are used to verify the model. The simulation results are close to the actual situation, and the error is within 1.5% compared with the experimental results.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Weijie QIAN, Qiang GAO, Jingying WU, Chengjin YE, Wenjun LUO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1153376129168695364, articleId=1153375944845812565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, language=CN, title=基于疲劳理论和等效循环数的锂电池循环寿命预测方法, columnId=1149830274575463188, journalTitle=电源学报, columnName=电池与储能, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对目前锂电池循环寿命模型中物理参数难以获取,参数识别过程需要大量测试,以及锂离子电池循环效应的模拟难以实现且成本昂贵等问题,探究锂离子电池老化(由于循环)的电气模拟及其对电池容量和内阻的影响,提出1种锂离子电池的新型循环寿命模型。基于疲劳理论和等效循环计数建立简单的物理方程,参数识别过程简单,仅需电池数据表中的少量数据和有限(或短时间)的循环实验。所提模型为通用型,能够表示常见循环寿命因素的影响,如放电深度、温度和C速率。利用LFP-LiFePO4和 NMC-LiNiMnCoO2 这2种锂离子电池对模型进行验证,模拟结果与实际情况近似,与实验结果相比误差在1.5%以内。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=8x/BfAO6GtSi15wjYk4hNA==, magXml=qR8ZznRrXmVwUpqXGUNZTg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=i9BHi9MPbyWKIlBcLZWg5A==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=4UoPzWJmu3xUEHjZr/saRw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

钱伟杰(1983-),男,通信作者,硕士,高级工程师。研究方向:电力系统自动化、智能电网。E-mail: casdgds2021@126.com。

高强(1985-),男,硕士,高级工程师。研究方向:电网调控和规划。E-mail: 60417789@qq.com。

吴晶莹(1988-),女,硕士,工程师。研究方向:电力市场。E-mail: 34177226@qq.com。

叶承晋(1987-),男,博士,副教授。研究方向:电网诊断、电气传动。E-mail: yechengjun111@126.com。

罗文俊(1985-),男,硕士,工程师。研究方向:电力计量及电力物资检测领域自动化、信息化及智能化。E-mail: 517784125@qq.com。

, authorsList=钱伟杰, 高强, 吴晶莹, 叶承晋, 罗文俊)}, authors=[Author(id=1154032500755124416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=casdgds2021@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154032500839010499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, authorId=1154032500755124416, language=EN, stringName=Weijie QIAN, firstName=Weijie, middleName=null, lastName=QIAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Jiaxing Power Supply Company, State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd Jiaxing 314000 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154032500885147845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, authorId=1154032500755124416, language=CN, stringName=钱伟杰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉兴供电公司 嘉兴 314000, bio={"img":"+w5AUdX97hLQmR0FUpp2ww==","content":"

钱伟杰(1983-),男,通信作者,硕士,高级工程师。研究方向:电力系统自动化、智能电网。E-mail: casdgds2021@126.com。

"}, bioImg=+w5AUdX97hLQmR0FUpp2ww==, bioContent=

钱伟杰(1983-),男,通信作者,硕士,高级工程师。研究方向:电力系统自动化、智能电网。E-mail: casdgds2021@126.com。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154032500360859813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500365054118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500360859813, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Jiaxing Power Supply Company, State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd Jiaxing 314000 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500373442727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500360859813, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉兴供电公司 嘉兴 314000)])]), Author(id=1154032500931285191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=60417789@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154032500981616842, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, authorId=1154032500931285191, language=EN, stringName=Qiang GAO, firstName=Qiang, middleName=null, lastName=GAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd Hangzhou 310008 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154032501036142796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, authorId=1154032500931285191, language=CN, stringName=高强, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 国网浙江省电力有限公司 杭州 310008, bio={"content":"

高强(1985-),男,硕士,高级工程师。研究方向:电网调控和规划。E-mail: 60417789@qq.com。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

高强(1985-),男,硕士,高级工程师。研究方向:电网调控和规划。E-mail: 60417789@qq.com。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154032500427968682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500432162987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500427968682, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd Hangzhou 310008 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500436357292, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500427968682, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 国网浙江省电力有限公司 杭州 310008)])]), Author(id=1154032501094863053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=34177226@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154032501153583311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, authorId=1154032501094863053, language=EN, stringName=Jingying WU, firstName=Jingying, middleName=null, lastName=WU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 Zhejiang Electric Power Trading Center Co., Ltd Hangzhou 310008 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154032501203914961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, authorId=1154032501094863053, language=CN, stringName=吴晶莹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 浙江电力交易中心有限公司 杭州 310008, bio={"content":"

吴晶莹(1988-),女,硕士,工程师。研究方向:电力市场。E-mail: 34177226@qq.com。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

吴晶莹(1988-),女,硕士,工程师。研究方向:电力市场。E-mail: 34177226@qq.com。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154032500507660463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500516049072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500507660463, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Zhejiang Electric Power Trading Center Co., Ltd Hangzhou 310008 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500520243377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500507660463, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 浙江电力交易中心有限公司 杭州 310008)])]), Author(id=1154032501266829524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yechengjun111@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154032501333938391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, authorId=1154032501266829524, language=EN, stringName=Chengjin YE, firstName=Chengjin, middleName=null, lastName=YE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4 College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154032501396852952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, authorId=1154032501266829524, language=CN, stringName=叶承晋, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4 浙江大学 电气工程学院 杭州 310058, bio={"content":"

叶承晋(1987-),男,博士,副教授。研究方向:电网诊断、电气传动。E-mail: yechengjun111@126.com。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

叶承晋(1987-),男,博士,副教授。研究方向:电网诊断、电气传动。E-mail: yechengjun111@126.com。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154032500587352244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500591546549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500587352244, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4 College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500599935159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500587352244, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4 浙江大学 电气工程学院 杭州 310058)])]), Author(id=1154032501455573210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=517784125@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154032501526876381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, authorId=1154032501455573210, language=EN, stringName=Wenjun LUO, firstName=Wenjun, middleName=null, lastName=LUO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=5, address=5 Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd, State Grid Electric Power Research Institute Wuhan 430073 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154032501619151071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, authorId=1154032501455573210, language=CN, stringName=罗文俊, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=5, address=5 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 武汉 430073, bio={"content":"

罗文俊(1985-),男,硕士,工程师。研究方向:电力计量及电力物资检测领域自动化、信息化及智能化。E-mail: 517784125@qq.com。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

罗文俊(1985-),男,硕士,工程师。研究方向:电力计量及电力物资检测领域自动化、信息化及智能化。E-mail: 517784125@qq.com。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154032500667044026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, xref=5, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500675432635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500667044026, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5 Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd, State Grid Electric Power Research Institute Wuhan 430073 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500683821244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500667044026, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 武汉 430073)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1154032501921140964, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Battery cycle life model), Keyword(id=1154032501988249830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=capacity loss curve), Keyword(id=1154032502038581480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=equivalent cycle counting), Keyword(id=1154032502097301738, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=generic battery model), Keyword(id=1154032502160216299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=lithium-ion battery), Keyword(id=1154032502206353644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=电池循环寿命模型), Keyword(id=1154032502260879598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=容量损失曲线), Keyword(id=1154032502323794160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=等效循环计数), Keyword(id=1154032502382514418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=通用电池模型), Keyword(id=1154032502462206196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=锂离子电池)], refs=[Reference(id=1154032506186748204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=64, issue=2, pageStart=1350, pageEnd=1357, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=McCurlie L, Preindl M, Emadi A, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=McCurlie L, Preindl M, Emadi A. Fast model predictive control for redistributive lithium-ion battery balancing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2017. 64(2): 1350-1357., articleTitle=Fast model predictive control for redistributive lithium-ion battery balancing, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506237079853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=63, issue=3, pageStart=1607, pageEnd=1617, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Uno M, Kukita A, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Uno M, Kukita A. Cycle life evaluation based on accelerated aging testing for lithium-ion capacitors as alternative to rechargeable batteries[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2016. 63(3): 1607-1617., articleTitle=Cycle life evaluation based on accelerated aging testing for lithium-ion capacitors as alternative to rechargeable batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506291605806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=62, issue=5, pageStart=3112, pageEnd=3122, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Xiao Ying, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xiao Ying. Model-based virtual thermal sensors for lithium-ion battery in EV applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2015. 62(5): 3112-3122., articleTitle=Model-based virtual thermal sensors for lithium-ion battery in EV applications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506341937455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=62, issue=2, pageStart=1002, pageEnd=1011, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Sidhu A, Izadian A, Anwar S, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sidhu A, Izadian A, Anwar S. Adaptive nonlinear model-based fault diagnosis of Li-ion batteries[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2015. 62(2): 1002-1011., articleTitle=Adaptive nonlinear model-based fault diagnosis of Li-ion batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506396463408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=38, issue=12, pageStart=3613, pageEnd=3620, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=朱丽群, 张建秋, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱丽群, 张建秋. 一种联合锂电池健康和荷电状态的新模型[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018. 38(12): 3613-3620., articleTitle=一种联合锂电池健康和荷电状态的新模型, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506463572273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=38, issue=12, pageStart=3613, pageEnd=3620, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Zhu Liqun, Zhang Jianqiu, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhu Liqun, Zhang Jianqiu. A new model of jointed states of charge and health for lithium batteries[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018. 38(12): 3613-3620 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=A new model of jointed states of charge and health for lithium batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506518098226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=62, issue=3, pageStart=1610, pageEnd=1618, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Chaoui H, Golbon N, Hmouz I, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chaoui H, Golbon N, Hmouz I, et al. Lyapunov-based adaptive state of charge and state of health estimation for lithium-ion batteries[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2015. 62(3): 1610-1618., articleTitle=Lyapunov-based adaptive state of charge and state of health estimation for lithium-ion batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506564235571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=68, issue=5, pageStart=4110, pageEnd=4121, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Xiong Rui, Zhang Yongzhi, Wang Ju, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xiong Rui, Zhang Yongzhi, Wang Ju, et al. Lithium-ion battery health prognosis based on a real battery management system used in electric vehicles[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2019. 68(5): 4110-4121., articleTitle=Lithium-ion battery health prognosis based on a real battery management system used in electric vehicles, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506614567220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=65, issue=8, pageStart=6696, pageEnd=6708, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Li Kaiyuan, Wei Feng, Tseng K J, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Kaiyuan, Wei Feng, Tseng K J, et al. A practical lithium-ion battery model for state of energy and voltage responses prediction incorporating temperature and ageing effects[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2018. 65(8): 6696-6708., articleTitle=A practical lithium-ion battery model for state of energy and voltage responses prediction incorporating temperature and ageing effects, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506664898869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=9, authorNames=魏刚, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=魏刚. 基于阻抗谱的锂离子电池快速状态评估系统设计[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2020., articleTitle=基于阻抗谱的锂离子电池快速状态评估系统设计, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506715230518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Wei Gang, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wei Gang. Design of Rapid state evaluation system for lithium-ion battery based on impedance spectrum[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2020. (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Design of Rapid state evaluation system for lithium-ion battery based on impedance spectrum, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506769756471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=63, issue=4, pageStart=2645, pageEnd=2656, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Hu Xiaosong, Jiang Jiuchun, Cao Dongpu, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hu Xiaosong, Jiang Jiuchun, Cao Dongpu, et al. Battery health prognosis for electric vehicles using sample entropy and sparse Bayesian predictive modeling[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2016. 63(4): 2645-2656., articleTitle=Battery health prognosis for electric vehicles using sample entropy and sparse Bayesian predictive modeling, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506836865336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=63, issue=4, pageStart=2391, pageEnd=2402, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=12, authorNames=El Mejdoubi A, Oukaour A, Chaoui H, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=El Mejdoubi A, Oukaour A, Chaoui H, et al. State-of-charge and state-of-health lithium-ion batteries' diagnosis according to surface temperature variation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2016. 63(4): 2391-2402., articleTitle=State-of-charge and state-of-health lithium-ion batteries' diagnosis according to surface temperature variation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506891391289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=13, authorNames=张连德, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张连德. 基于电化学阻抗谱的三元锂离子电池状态估计研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2018., articleTitle=基于电化学阻抗谱的三元锂离子电池状态估计研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506937528634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Zhang Liande, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Liande. State estimation of ternary lithium ion battery based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2018. (in Chinese)., articleTitle=State estimation of ternary lithium ion battery based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032506992054587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=278, issue=null, pageStart=506, pageEnd=521, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Fu Rujian, Choe S Y, Agubra V, journalName=Journal of Power Sources, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fu Rujian, Choe S Y, Agubra V, et al. Development of a physics-based degradation model for lithium ion polymer batteries considering side reactions[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2015. 278: 506-521., articleTitle=Development of a physics-based degradation model for lithium ion polymer batteries considering side reactions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507042386236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=58, issue=8, pageStart=3555, pageEnd=3566, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Moura S J, Forman J C, Bashash S, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Moura S J, Forman J C, Bashash S, et al. Optimal control of film growth in lithium-ion battery packs via relay switches[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2011. 58(8): 3555-3566., articleTitle=Optimal control of film growth in lithium-ion battery packs via relay switches, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507092717885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=46, issue=11, pageStart=1272, pageEnd=1282, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=17, authorNames=纪常伟, 潘帅, 汪硕峰, journalName=北京工业大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=纪常伟, 潘帅, 汪硕峰, 等. 动力锂离子电池老化速率影响因素的实验研究[J]. 北京工业大学学报, 2020. 46(11): 1272-1282., articleTitle=动力锂离子电池老化速率影响因素的实验研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507147243838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=46, issue=11, pageStart=1272, pageEnd=1282, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Ji Changwei, Pan Shuai, Wang Shuofeng, journalName=Journal of Beijing University of Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ji Changwei, Pan Shuai, Wang Shuofeng, et al. Experimental study on effect factors of aging rate for power lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2020. 46(11): 1272-1282 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Experimental study on effect factors of aging rate for power lithium-ion batteries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507189186879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=483, pageEnd=488, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=2014 IEEE 32nd International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD). Seoul, Korea (South), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Petricca M, Shin D, Bocca A, et al. Automated generation of battery aging models from datasheets[C]// 2014 IEEE 32nd International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD). Seoul, Korea (South), 2014: 483-488., articleTitle=Automated generation of battery aging models from datasheets, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507247907136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=3, issue=1, pageStart=191, pageEnd=200, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Akar F, Tavlasoglu Y, Vural B, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Akar F, Tavlasoglu Y, Vural B. An energy management strategy for a concept battery/ultracapacitor electric vehicle with improved battery life[J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2017. 3(1): 191-200., articleTitle=An energy management strategy for a concept battery/ultracapacitor electric vehicle with improved battery life, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507310821697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=10, issue=4, pageStart=2112, pageEnd=2121, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Shen Junyi, Dusmez S, Khaligh A, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shen Junyi, Dusmez S, Khaligh A. Optimization of sizing and battery cycle life in battery/ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage systems for electric vehicle applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2014. 10(4): 2112-2121., articleTitle=Optimization of sizing and battery cycle life in battery/ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage systems for electric vehicle applications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507373736258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=26, issue=5, pageStart=607, pageEnd=627, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=22, authorNames=王佳, 黄秋安, 李伟恒, journalName=电化学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王佳, 黄秋安, 李伟恒, 等. 电化学阻抗谱弛豫时间分布基础[J]. 电化学, 2020. 26(5): 607-627., articleTitle=电化学阻抗谱弛豫时间分布基础, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507436650819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=26, issue=5, pageStart=607, pageEnd=627, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Wang Jia, Huang Qiuan, Li Weiheng, journalName=Journal of Electrochemistry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Jia, Huang Qiuan, Li Weiheng, et al. Fundamentals of distribution of relaxation times for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry, 2020. 26(5): 607-627 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Fundamentals of distribution of relaxation times for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507520536900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=20, issue=1, pageStart=118, pageEnd=125, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=24, authorNames=申永鹏, 葛高瑞, 王耀南, journalName=电源学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=申永鹏, 葛高瑞, 王耀南, 等. 动力电池组分散式主动均衡控制系统[J]. 电源学报, 2022. 20(1): 118-125., articleTitle=动力电池组分散式主动均衡控制系统, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507587645765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=20, issue=1, pageStart=118, pageEnd=125, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Shen Yongpeng, Ge Gaorui, Wang Yaonan, journalName=Journal of Power Supply, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shen Yongpeng, Ge Gaorui, Wang Yaonan, et al. Distributed active balancing control system for power battery pack[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2022. 20(1): 118-125 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Distributed active balancing control system for power battery pack, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507650560326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=41, issue=5, pageStart=1851, pageEnd=1859, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=26, authorNames=刘昊天, 王萍, 程泽, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘昊天, 王萍, 程泽. 一种编解码器模型的锂离子电池健康状态估算[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021. 41(5): 1851-1859., articleTitle=一种编解码器模型的锂离子电池健康状态估算, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507717669191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=41, issue=5, pageStart=1851, pageEnd=1859, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Liu Haotian, Wang Ping, Cheng Ze, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Haotian, Wang Ping, Cheng Ze. A novel method based on encoder-decoder framework for Li-ion battery state of health estimation[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021. 41(5): 1851-1859 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=A novel method based on encoder-decoder framework for Li-ion battery state of health estimation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507780583752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=20, issue=1, pageStart=126, pageEnd=133, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=28, authorNames=胡晓亚, 郭永芳, 张若可, journalName=电源学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=胡晓亚, 郭永芳, 张若可. 锂离子电池健康状态估计方法研究综述[J]. 电源学报, 2022. 20(1): 126-133., articleTitle=锂离子电池健康状态估计方法研究综述, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507839304009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=20, issue=1, pageStart=126, pageEnd=133, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Hu Xiaoya, Guo Yongfang, Zhang Ruoke, journalName=Journal of Power Supply, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hu Xiaoya, Guo Yongfang, Zhang Ruoke. Review of state-of-health estimation methods for lithium-ion battery[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2022. 20(1): 126-133 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Review of state-of-health estimation methods for lithium-ion battery, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507902218570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=19, issue=5, pageStart=178, pageEnd=184, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=30, authorNames=安治国, 赵琳, 陈星, journalName=电源学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=安治国, 赵琳, 陈星, 等. 流道布置对方形锂电池组温度场的影响[J]. 电源学报, 2021. 19(5): 178-184., articleTitle=流道布置对方形锂电池组温度场的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032507956744523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=19, issue=5, pageStart=178, pageEnd=184, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=31, authorNames=An Zhiguo, Zhao Lin, Chen Xing, journalName=Journal of Power Supply, refType=null, unstructuredReference=An Zhiguo, Zhao Lin, Chen Xing, et al. Influences of flow channel arrangement on temperature field of square lithium battery pack[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2021. 19(5): 178-184 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Influences of flow channel arrangement on temperature field of square lithium battery pack, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032508011270476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=18, issue=1, pageStart=54, pageEnd=60, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=32, authorNames=张立佳, 徐国宁, 赵向阳, journalName=电源学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张立佳, 徐国宁, 赵向阳, 等. 基于神经网络的老化锂电池SOC估算方法的研究[J]. 电源学报, 2020. 18(1): 54-60., articleTitle=基于神经网络的老化锂电池SOC估算方法的研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032508065796429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=18, issue=1, pageStart=54, pageEnd=60, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Zhang Lijia, Xu Guoning, Zhao Xiangyang, journalName=Journal of Power Supply, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Lijia, Xu Guoning, Zhao Xiangyang, et al. Research on SOC estimation method for aging lithium battery based on neural network[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2020. 18(1): 54-60 (in Chinese)., articleTitle=Research on SOC estimation method for aging lithium battery based on neural network, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154032508128710990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=213, issue=null, pageStart=177, pageEnd=189, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Dudézert C, Reynier Y, Duffault J M, journalName=Materials Science and Engineering: B, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dudézert C, Reynier Y, Duffault J M, et al. Fatigue damage approach applied to Li-ion batteries ageing characterization[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: B, 2016. 213: 177-189., articleTitle=Fatigue damage approach applied to Li-ion batteries ageing characterization, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1154032506010587434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, awardId=2021QNA4012, language=EN, fundingSource=Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021QNA4012), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1154032506060919083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, awardId=2021QNA4012, language=CN, fundingSource=中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2021QNA4012), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154032500360859813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500365054118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500360859813, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Jiaxing Power Supply Company, State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd Jiaxing 314000 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500373442727, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500360859813, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉兴供电公司 嘉兴 314000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1154032500427968682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500432162987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500427968682, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd Hangzhou 310008 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500436357292, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500427968682, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 国网浙江省电力有限公司 杭州 310008)]), AuthorCompany(id=1154032500507660463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500516049072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500507660463, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 Zhejiang Electric Power Trading Center Co., Ltd Hangzhou 310008 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500520243377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500507660463, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 浙江电力交易中心有限公司 杭州 310008)]), AuthorCompany(id=1154032500587352244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500591546549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500587352244, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4 College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500599935159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500587352244, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4 浙江大学 电气工程学院 杭州 310058)]), AuthorCompany(id=1154032500667044026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, xref=5, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500675432635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500667044026, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5 Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd, State Grid Electric Power Research Institute Wuhan 430073 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154032500683821244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, companyId=1154032500667044026, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 武汉 430073)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1154032503322038526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Proposed lithium-ion battery cycle life model, figureFileSmall=YKJGgvHQFHtvTKWtBmvvJA==, figureFileBig=pDv3WywdEA1naXqNsxlFow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032503372370175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图1, caption=所提锂离子电池的循环寿命模型, figureFileSmall=YKJGgvHQFHtvTKWtBmvvJA==, figureFileBig=pDv3WywdEA1naXqNsxlFow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032503426896128, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=DOD estimation during each cycle, figureFileSmall=LogPOsIM7Y4XAcHksY6deA==, figureFileBig=GqrB2AKpIyqxMg2E4EaNSg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032503498199297, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图2, caption=每个周期的 DOD 估计, figureFileSmall=LogPOsIM7Y4XAcHksY6deA==, figureFileBig=GqrB2AKpIyqxMg2E4EaNSg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032503556919554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=C-rate estimation during each cycle, figureFileSmall=/kyxRsaAFNCNGSoa+h0C/Q==, figureFileBig=FL5Lx8nTEet74p5fc4ryzQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032503615639811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图3, caption=每个周期的 $\mathrm{C}$ 速率估计, figureFileSmall=/kyxRsaAFNCNGSoa+h0C/Q==, figureFileBig=FL5Lx8nTEet74p5fc4ryzQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032503674360068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Concept of equivalent cycle number, figureFileSmall=6IH7jPMKIjFcpXeZHX51CA==, figureFileBig=KnjpuAYjo8kfWj6tKGfQsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032503724691717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图4, caption=等效循环数概念, figureFileSmall=6IH7jPMKIjFcpXeZHX51CA==, figureFileBig=KnjpuAYjo8kfWj6tKGfQsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032503783411974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Typical data points required for identification of model parameters, figureFileSmall=rn6IB+anDnDF6gaXha3UYQ==, figureFileBig=0q5JWaH83f6ccg4zub3m2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032503854715143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图5, caption=模型参数识别所需的典型数据点, figureFileSmall=rn6IB+anDnDF6gaXha3UYQ==, figureFileBig=0q5JWaH83f6ccg4zub3m2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032503909241096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Setup of experimental bench, figureFileSmall=ebNrGaOsCWsIzt2OkCRY+A==, figureFileBig=dRSsnxkzHj43S3DBuVLEgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032503963767049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图6, caption=实验台设置, figureFileSmall=ebNrGaOsCWsIzt2OkCRY+A==, figureFileBig=dRSsnxkzHj43S3DBuVLEgQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504009904394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Impact of discharge $\mathrm{C}$ rate on LFP battery life cycle, figureFileSmall=EExU0TZCJcBW4eYDUjporQ==, figureFileBig=SkaFFLH4NSdE6HslJEKYIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504064430347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图7, caption=放电 $\mathrm{C}$ 速率对 LFP 电池寿命周期的影响, figureFileSmall=EExU0TZCJcBW4eYDUjporQ==, figureFileBig=SkaFFLH4NSdE6HslJEKYIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504123150604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Impact of charge $\mathrm{C}$ rate on LFP battery life cycle, figureFileSmall=0J468eED+8VjHxnpH8GTQw==, figureFileBig=gGxuplpTOOFMv4Ivjrl22A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504186065165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图8, caption=充电 $\mathrm{C}$ 速率对 LFP 电池寿命周期的影响, figureFileSmall=0J468eED+8VjHxnpH8GTQw==, figureFileBig=gGxuplpTOOFMv4Ivjrl22A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504324477198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Impact of DOD on LFP battery life cycle, figureFileSmall=+CvonBG9KHCfQmdqnIq5pg==, figureFileBig=7FC4/FfhVARjILVKYlpdqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504399974671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图9, caption=DOD 对 LFP 电池寿命周期的影响, figureFileSmall=+CvonBG9KHCfQmdqnIq5pg==, figureFileBig=7FC4/FfhVARjILVKYlpdqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504454500624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=Impact of ambient temperature on LFP battery life cycle, figureFileSmall=oz0GkKKx0ndTeljlRQiITA==, figureFileBig=anzWym4oX8ojfIujkR/s0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504509026577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图10, caption=环境温度对 LFP 电池寿命周期的影响, figureFileSmall=oz0GkKKx0ndTeljlRQiITA==, figureFileBig=anzWym4oX8ojfIujkR/s0A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504559358226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=Estimated stress factors per cycle, figureFileSmall=LBjNf3ttcHQnrkokrY/Z4w==, figureFileBig=WFyWWmAUq2Mgu579hUJS+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504618078483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图11, caption=每个循环的估计应力系数, figureFileSmall=LBjNf3ttcHQnrkokrY/Z4w==, figureFileBig=WFyWWmAUq2Mgu579hUJS+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504676798740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 12, caption=Model performance under different cycling conditions, figureFileSmall=xerf3/DTrK3nPKDycSshDQ==, figureFileBig=xHaorVd8maUjbH5YSWNQ/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504727130389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图12, caption=模型在不同循环条件下的性能, figureFileSmall=xerf3/DTrK3nPKDycSshDQ==, figureFileBig=xHaorVd8maUjbH5YSWNQ/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504785850646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 13, caption=Impact of discharge $\mathrm{C}$ rate on NMC battery life cycle, figureFileSmall=ygf2s54OXE6tY0pdLN2pGQ==, figureFileBig=sF6Xv+hab/sdPRQAELhitQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504840376599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图13, caption=放电 $\mathrm{C}$ 速率对 $\mathrm{{NMC}}$ 电池寿命周期的影响, figureFileSmall=ygf2s54OXE6tY0pdLN2pGQ==, figureFileBig=sF6Xv+hab/sdPRQAELhitQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504890708248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 14, caption=Impact of charge $\mathrm{C}$ rate on NMC battery life cycle, figureFileSmall=8sPOdq2AUlfJodgIZnYNgg==, figureFileBig=RzC3OjftK0dNTEWPhcPm8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032504941039897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图14, caption=充电 $\mathrm{C}$ 速率对 $\mathrm{{NMC}}$ 电池寿命周期的影响, figureFileSmall=8sPOdq2AUlfJodgIZnYNgg==, figureFileBig=RzC3OjftK0dNTEWPhcPm8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032505012343066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 15, caption=Impact of DOD on NMC battery life cycle, figureFileSmall=gHfH6aSjtTFd/+AKdNu52g==, figureFileBig=IdlrIkZCDb+SABKW0Y5DpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032505062674715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图15, caption=DOD 对 NMC 电池寿命周期的影响, figureFileSmall=gHfH6aSjtTFd/+AKdNu52g==, figureFileBig=IdlrIkZCDb+SABKW0Y5DpA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032505117200668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 16, caption=Impact of ambient temperature on NMC battery life cycle, figureFileSmall=JenfLO3PnEaj79AiG/lLrg==, figureFileBig=0DWqIebzH3qwK/2kLwrEsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032505167532317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图16, caption=环境温度对 NMC 电池寿命周期的影响, figureFileSmall=JenfLO3PnEaj79AiG/lLrg==, figureFileBig=0DWqIebzH3qwK/2kLwrEsw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032505222058270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 17, caption=Impact of cycling on internal resistance of battery at discharge $\mathrm{C}$ rate of ${0.8}\mathrm{C}$ and ${1.5}\mathrm{C}$, figureFileSmall=CTf6jUCF3EUf8iUXvjTLew==, figureFileBig=hod7BNssPC0AOnu4RA/SDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032505276584223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图17, caption=在 ${0.8}\mathrm{C}$ 和 ${1.5}\mathrm{C}$ 放电率下循环对电池电阻的影响, figureFileSmall=CTf6jUCF3EUf8iUXvjTLew==, figureFileBig=hod7BNssPC0AOnu4RA/SDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032505331110176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Fig. 18, caption=Impact of cycling on internal resistance of battery at ambient temperature of ${25}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ and ${45}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$, figureFileSmall=4u1cQ6pR3T/0ypPJWwvmng==, figureFileBig=+1YJD/6Mwdqy9eIBK0QhtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032505381441825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=图18, caption=在 ${25}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 和 ${45}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 环境温度下循环对电池电阻的影响, figureFileSmall=4u1cQ6pR3T/0ypPJWwvmng==, figureFileBig=+1YJD/6Mwdqy9eIBK0QhtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154032505431773474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=Cycle conditions for ${\mathrm{{LiFePO}}}_{4}$ battery parameter identification, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值
场景 1 场景 2 场景 3 场景 4 场景 5
DOD 100% 100% 25% 100% 100%
放电率 2C 2C 2C 8C 2C
充电率 1.0C 1.5C 1.5C 1.2C 1.2C
温度/℃ 23 23 23 23 45
), ArticleFig(id=1154032505486299427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=表1, caption=LiFeP ${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ 电池参数识别的循环条件, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值
场景 1 场景 2 场景 3 场景 4 场景 5
DOD 100% 100% 25% 100% 100%
放电率 2C 2C 2C 8C 2C
充电率 1.0C 1.5C 1.5C 1.2C 1.2C
温度/℃ 23 23 23 23 45
), ArticleFig(id=1154032505540825380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=Model parameters of LFP battery, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
用于参数识别 的输入数据 数值 模型参数 数值
${N}_{1}$ 10312 ${N}_{\mathrm{c}\text{ ref }}$ 9175
${N}_{2}$ 2200 $\xi$ 0.8
${N}_{3}$ 1850 $\psi$ ${3.7}\times {10}^{3}$
${N}_{4}$ 390 ${\gamma }_{1}$ 0.80
${N}_{5}$ 930 ${\gamma }_{2}$ 2.34
${N}_{\mathrm{c}2}$ 9175 $\alpha$ 0.9808
), ArticleFig(id=1154032505603739941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=表2, caption=LFP 电池的模型参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
用于参数识别 的输入数据 数值 模型参数 数值
${N}_{1}$ 10312 ${N}_{\mathrm{c}\text{ ref }}$ 9175
${N}_{2}$ 2200 $\xi$ 0.8
${N}_{3}$ 1850 $\psi$ ${3.7}\times {10}^{3}$
${N}_{4}$ 390 ${\gamma }_{1}$ 0.80
${N}_{5}$ 930 ${\gamma }_{2}$ 2.34
${N}_{\mathrm{c}2}$ 9175 $\alpha$ 0.9808
), ArticleFig(id=1154032505666654502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=Cycling conditions for NMC battery parameter identification, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值
场景 1 场景 2 场景 3 场景 4 场景 5
DOD 100% 100% 100% 25% 100%
放电率 0.8C 0.8C 1.5C 0.8C 0.8C
充电率 0.8C 1.5C 0.8C 0.8C 0.8C
温度/℃ 25 25 25 25 45
), ArticleFig(id=1154032505729569063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=表3, caption=NMC 电池参数识别的循环条件, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值
场景 1 场景 2 场景 3 场景 4 场景 5
DOD 100% 100% 100% 25% 100%
放电率 0.8C 0.8C 1.5C 0.8C 0.8C
充电率 0.8C 1.5C 0.8C 0.8C 0.8C
温度/℃ 25 25 25 25 45
), ArticleFig(id=1154032505788289320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=Model parameters of NMC battery, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
用于参数识别 的输入数据 数值 模型参数 数值
${N}_{1}$ 1350 ${N}_{\mathrm{c}\text{ ref }}$ 460
${N}_{2}$ 130 $\xi$ 0.59
${N}_{3}$ 73 $\psi$ ${3.66}\times {10}^{3}$
${N}_{4}$ 47 ${\gamma }_{1}$ 0.62
${N}_{5}$ 60 ${\gamma }_{2}$ 1.09
${N}_{\mathrm{c}2}$ 460 $\alpha$ 1.09
), ArticleFig(id=1154032505847009577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1153375944845812565, language=CN, label=表4, caption=NMC 电池的模型参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
用于参数识别 的输入数据 数值 模型参数 数值
${N}_{1}$ 1350 ${N}_{\mathrm{c}\text{ ref }}$ 460
${N}_{2}$ 130 $\xi$ 0.59
${N}_{3}$ 73 $\psi$ ${3.66}\times {10}^{3}$
${N}_{4}$ 47 ${\gamma }_{1}$ 0.62
${N}_{5}$ 60 ${\gamma }_{2}$ 1.09
${N}_{\mathrm{c}2}$ 460 $\alpha$ 1.09
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1046111678587809797, delFlag=0, nameCn=电源学报, nameEn=Journal of Power Supply, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=2095-2805, eissn=, cn=12-1420/TM, coden=null, periodic=bio-monthly, language=CN, oaType=是, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=Mx+A2dn+ULnPHuEAI1LruQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=J Power Supp, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1759802942253, createdBy=null, updatedBy=18614031015, firstLetterCn=J, firstLetterEn=J, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=工程, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=Mx+A2dn+ULnPHuEAI1LruQ==, picEn=yHt2vwjzkDgqh+JDCfJKoQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1162453073839375337, language=CN, name=电源学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.jops.cn/EN/home, createdTime=1755080010137, updatedTime=1755080010137, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.jops.cn/CN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionReviewUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1162453073902289898, language=EN, name=Journal of Power Supply, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.jops.cn/CN/home, createdTime=1755080010152, updatedTime=1755080010152, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.jops.cn/EN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionReviewUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146031654075715584, websiteList=[Website(id=1146832214672683008, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031654075715584, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1751355707101, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753435268747, updateBy=18614031015, name=电源学报-英文站点, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=电源学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155559379819679852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753436425404, updateTime=1753436425404, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155559379798708329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753436425399, updateTime=1753436425399, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155559379781931112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=efYTu4aDDzS8GgTA1MjEKw==, createTime=1753436425396, updateTime=1753436425396, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155559379811291243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1753436425402, updateTime=1753436425402, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155559379802902634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1753436425400, updateTime=1753436425400, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1148243202240405915, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031654075715584, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751692112741, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753435242839, updateBy=18614031015, name=电源学报-中文站点, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=电源学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148618015060553758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751781475081, updateTime=1751781475081, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148618015035387931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751781475075, updateTime=1751781475075, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148618015022805018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=efYTu4aDDzS8GgTA1MjEKw==, createTime=1751781475072, updateTime=1751781475072, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148618015052165149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751781475079, updateTime=1751781475079, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148618015043776540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751781475077, updateTime=1751781475077, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=电源学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.jops.cn/CN/home, iacademicId=null, status=0, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Journal of Power Supply, journalPhotoCn=Mx+A2dn+ULnPHuEAI1LruQ==, journalPhotoEn=yHt2vwjzkDgqh+JDCfJKoQ==, journalFirstLetter=J, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=null, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.6.234, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/EN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.6.234, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN/PDF/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.6.234, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/EN/PDF/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.6.234, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
基于疲劳理论和等效循环数的锂电池循环寿命预测方法
收藏切换
PDF下载
钱伟杰 1 , 高强 2 , 吴晶莹 3 , 叶承晋 4 , 罗文俊 5
电源学报 | 电池与储能 2024,22(6): 234-243
收起
收藏切换
电源学报 | 电池与储能 2024, 22(6): 234-243
基于疲劳理论和等效循环数的锂电池循环寿命预测方法
全屏
钱伟杰1 , 高强2 , 吴晶莹3 , 叶承晋4 , 罗文俊5
作者信息
  • 1 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉兴供电公司 嘉兴 314000
  • 2 国网浙江省电力有限公司 杭州 310008
  • 3 浙江电力交易中心有限公司 杭州 310008
  • 4 浙江大学 电气工程学院 杭州 310058
  • 5 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 武汉 430073
  • 钱伟杰(1983-),男,通信作者,硕士,高级工程师。研究方向:电力系统自动化、智能电网。E-mail: casdgds2021@126.com。

    高强(1985-),男,硕士,高级工程师。研究方向:电网调控和规划。E-mail: 60417789@qq.com。

    吴晶莹(1988-),女,硕士,工程师。研究方向:电力市场。E-mail: 34177226@qq.com。

    叶承晋(1987-),男,博士,副教授。研究方向:电网诊断、电气传动。E-mail: yechengjun111@126.com。

    罗文俊(1985-),男,硕士,工程师。研究方向:电力计量及电力物资检测领域自动化、信息化及智能化。E-mail: 517784125@qq.com。

Prediction Method for Lithium Battery Cycle Life Based on Fatigue Theory and Equivalent Cycle Number
Weijie QIAN1 , Qiang GAO2 , Jingying WU3 , Chengjin YE4 , Wenjun LUO5
Affiliations
  • 1 Jiaxing Power Supply Company, State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd Jiaxing 314000 China
  • 2 State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd Hangzhou 310008 China
  • 3 Zhejiang Electric Power Trading Center Co., Ltd Hangzhou 310008 China
  • 4 College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
  • 5 Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd, State Grid Electric Power Research Institute Wuhan 430073 China
出版时间: 2024-11-30 doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.6.234
文章导航
收藏切换

针对目前锂电池循环寿命模型中物理参数难以获取,参数识别过程需要大量测试,以及锂离子电池循环效应的模拟难以实现且成本昂贵等问题,探究锂离子电池老化(由于循环)的电气模拟及其对电池容量和内阻的影响,提出1种锂离子电池的新型循环寿命模型。基于疲劳理论和等效循环计数建立简单的物理方程,参数识别过程简单,仅需电池数据表中的少量数据和有限(或短时间)的循环实验。所提模型为通用型,能够表示常见循环寿命因素的影响,如放电深度、温度和C速率。利用LFP-LiFePO4和 NMC-LiNiMnCoO2 这2种锂离子电池对模型进行验证,模拟结果与实际情况近似,与实验结果相比误差在1.5%以内。

电池循环寿命模型  /  容量损失曲线  /  等效循环计数  /  通用电池模型  /  锂离子电池

At present, the physical parameters of a lithium battery cycle life model are difficult to obtain, and the parameter identification process needs a lot of experimental data and a long test time. In addition, it is difficult and expensive to simulate the cycling effect of lithium-ion batteries. On this basis, in order to explore the electrical stimulation of lithium-ion battery aging (due to cycling) and its effect on the battery capacity and internal resistance, a novel cycle life model of lithium-ion battery is proposed. First, a simple physical equation is established based on the fatigue theory and equivalent cycle counting. The parameter identification process is simple, requiring only a small amount of data in the battery data table and a limited (or short) cycle test. The proposed model is general and can represent the effects of common cycle life factors such as depth-of-discharge, temperature and C rate. Finally, two kinds of lithium-ion batteries (i.e., LFP-LiFePO4 and NMC-LiNiMnCoO2) are used to verify the model. The simulation results are close to the actual situation, and the error is within 1.5% compared with the experimental results.

Battery cycle life model  /  capacity loss curve  /  equivalent cycle counting  /  generic battery model  /  lithium-ion battery
钱伟杰, 高强, 吴晶莹, 叶承晋, 罗文俊. 基于疲劳理论和等效循环数的锂电池循环寿命预测方法. 电源学报, 2024 , 22 (6) : 234 -243 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.6.234
Weijie QIAN, Qiang GAO, Jingying WU, Chengjin YE, Wenjun LUO. Prediction Method for Lithium Battery Cycle Life Based on Fatigue Theory and Equivalent Cycle Number[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2024 , 22 (6) : 234 -243 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.6.234
锂离子电池是目前应用最多的电池之一, 被广泛应用于交通(汽车、火车、飞机等)、便携式电子设备和备用电源系统等。与其他类型(镍镉、镍氢和铅酸)电池相比, 锂离子电池具有高能量和功率密度、高效率及低自放电的特点[1-6]。与其他类型电池相同, 锂离子电池的能量和功率密度也随电池老化而降低, 这是由于电池老化时, 其容量和内阻发生变化导致的[7-12]。当电池工作时,这种老化效应被放大,主要是由于锂电池在不同工作条件下循环。为了在电池运行时正确估计电池的荷电状态 SOC(state-of-charge), 并确保在电池寿命期间满足负载需求, 需要研究电池循环寿命模型。
目前, 国内外学者提出了多种锂离子电池的循环寿命模型, 多为基于电化学/物理, 或基于经验/ 半经验等方式建立的模型。其中, 基于电化学或物理建立的预测模型, 需要采用复杂的微分方程及众多参数(如电极体积、隔膜厚度、离子浓度、反应速率等)[13-14],这些参数能够描述由循环导致的电极和电解质的物理变化(如固体电解质界面层 SEI(solid electrolyte interphase)的生长、离子和活性物质的损失、沉积层的生长、电解质的损失等)及其对电池性能的影响。然而, 由模型参数不易获取且难以检测, 这些模型在电力仿真中往往无法实现。基于经验或半经验建立的模型需要大量实验数据, 文献[15-19]提出的库仑计数建模方法是此类别中最常用的方法。在这些模型中, 由循环引起的容量损失和电阻增长是使用几个未知参数的经验方程估计的。参数识别通常需要在受控测试环境中持续数年的循环实验, 使得这些模型的表征成本高且耗时。此外, 这些模型往往仅对测试中的特定电池有效, 而不适用于其他类型的电池。一些学者还提出了另一类循环寿命模型, 即使用雨流计数 RFC(rain flow counting)算法计算电池循环次数, 被广泛用于疲劳分析[20-23]。这些模型由于需要装载剖面的先验知识而仅能离线使用, 因此在电池运行时无法表示循环对电池容量和内阻的影响。
基于此, 本文提出 1 种基于疲劳理论物理方程和等效循环计数的锂离子电池循环寿命模型。对于每个充/放电循环, 根据等效循环次数、放电深度 DOD(depth of discharge)、C 速率、温度等相关系数计算老化指数, 用于表示循环对电池容量和内阻的影响。通过电池数据表中提供的寿命周期(或容量损失)曲线和有限(或短时间)循环实验得出模型参数。该模型为通用型,可用于任意类型的锂离子电池。
图1为本文所提锂离子电池循环寿命模型, 模型具体推导过程详见文献[24]。
开路电压和电阻取决于电池热力学电压、电池容量$Q$ 、内阻$R$ 和极化常数$K$。由于上述参数随电池温度变化, 因此本文添加了热估计模型以估计这些参数。循环寿命模型包括 4 个主要模块: 模块 1 确定每个循环中的 DOD 和平均 C 速率; 模块 2 根据与环境温度、$\mathrm{{DOD}}$$\mathrm{C}$ 速率相关的系数估计最大循环次数;模块 3 根据等效循环次数的概念计算老化指数;模块 4 根据老化指数调整电池容量和电阻。
图2图3分别为 1 个典型电池的 DOD 和平均电流估计,其中$n$ 为周期数。
当电池从充电过渡到放电或从放电过渡到充电时,通过观察$\mathrm{{SOC}}$ 在小时间步长${\Delta T}$ 上的变化$\Delta \mathrm{{SOC}}$ 来计算每个循环中的$\mathrm{{DOD}}$。当$\Delta \mathrm{{SOC}}$ 的符号与在前一时间步长中计算的符号不同时, 检测到过渡,每个时间步${\Delta T}$ 的 SOC 变化计算式为
$\Delta \operatorname{SOC}\left( k\right)= \operatorname{SOC}\left( k\right)- \operatorname{SOC}\left({k - 1}\right)$
式中,$\operatorname{SOC}\left( k\right)$ 为时间${k\Delta T}\left({k = 1,2,\cdots }\right)$ 时的取样 SOC。本文使用以下算法计算 DOD。
步骤 1 初始化转换次数${n}_{\text{prev }}= 1$, DOD$\left( 1\right)= 1 -$ ${\mathrm{{SOC}}}_{\text{init }}$,其中${\mathrm{{SOC}}}_{\text{init }}$ 为电池初始$\mathrm{{SOC}}$
步骤 2 在每一步长${\Delta T}$ 评估$\Delta \mathrm{{SOC}}\left( k\right)$ 中,如果$\Delta \mathrm{{SOC}}\left( k\right)\neq \Delta \mathrm{{SOC}}\left({k - 1}\right)$,则增加转换数,即当$n =$ ${n}_{\text{prev }}+ 1$ 时, DOD 为
$\operatorname{DOD}\left( n\right)= 1 -\operatorname{SOC}\left( k\right)$
增加存储转换数,即${n}_{\text{prev }}= {n}_{\circ }$
放电和充电期间的平均$\mathrm{C}$ 速率${I}_{\text{dis_ave }}$${I}_{\text{ch_ave }}$ 分别在放电、充电或充、放电转换时使用以下算法进行评估。
步骤 1 初始化样本数${a}_{\text{prev }}= 1$ 、转换数${n}_{\text{prev }}= 1$$\mathrm{C}$ 速率${I}_{\text{dis_ave }}= {I}_{\text{batt_init }}$${I}_{\text{ch_ave }}= {I}_{\text{batt_init }}$,其中${I}_{\text{batt_init }}$ 为电池初始电流。
步骤 2 在每一步${\Delta T}$ 评估$\Delta \mathrm{{SOC}}\left( k\right)$ 中,若$\Delta \mathrm{{SOC}}\left( k\right)\neq \Delta \mathrm{{SOC}}\left({k - 1}\right)$,则增加存储转换数,即$n ={n}_{\text{prev }}+ 1$,计算样本数$a = k$
$\Delta \operatorname{SOC}\left( k\right)> 0,{I}_{\text{dis_ave }}$${I}_{\text{ch_ave }}$ 分别为
${I}_{\text{dis_ave }}\left( n\right)= \frac{1}{M}\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{k ={a}_{\text{prev }}}}^{{a - 1}}\left|{{I}_{\text{batt }}\left( k\right)}\right|$
${I}_{\text{ch_ave }}\left( n\right)= {I}_{\text{ch_ave }}\left({n - 1}\right)$
$\Delta \operatorname{SOC}\left( k\right)\leq 0,{I}_{\text{dis_ave }}$${I}_{\text{ch_ave }}$ 分别为
${I}_{\text{dis_ave }}\left( n\right)= {I}_{\text{dis_ave }}\left({n - 1}\right)$
${I}_{\mathrm{{ch}}\text{_ave }}\left( n\right)= \frac{1}{M}\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{k ={a}_{\text{prev }}}}^{{a - 1}}\left|{{I}_{\text{batt }}\left( k\right)}\right|$
式中:$M = a -{a}_{\text{prev }}$ 为 2 个转变之间的样本数;${a}_{\text{prev }}$ 为存储样本数; 转换数${n}_{\text{prev }}= {n}_{\circ }$
最大循环次数为在给定的 DOD、C 速率和温度下进行重复放电和充电循环时, 电池到寿命结束 EOL(end-of-life)的循环次数。当电池失去其初始容量的 20%时, 认为电池已达到其 EOL。最大循环次数由产生的相关系数进行评估, 该相关系数由$\mathrm{{DOD}}$$\mathrm{C}$ 速率和温度导出。循环导致的电池老化类似于累积循环应力导致的材料退化, 疲劳分析得出的方程式适用于电池循环寿命研究。使用电池健康近似和线性疲劳累积损伤法则计算每个循环的降解$D$ (degradation),即
$\frac{D}{\text{ Cycle }}= {\left(\frac{{\sigma }_{\text{ampl }}}{{\sigma }_{\mathrm{Y}}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{m}}$
式中: Cycle 为循环周期;${\sigma }_{\text{ampl }}$ 为材料承受的应力幅度;${\sigma }_{\mathrm{Y}}$ 为材料能够承受的峰值应力;$m$ 为疲劳强度指数。
通过类比,如果由 DOD 产生的每个循环的应力具有振幅$\mathrm{{DOD}}\left( n\right)$,峰值应力振幅${\mathrm{{DOD}}}_{\mathrm{{ref}}}= {100}\%$, 则与 DOD 相关的应力系数${\theta }_{\mathrm{{DOD}}}$ 可计算为
${\theta }_{\mathrm{{DOD}}}\left( n\right)= {\left(\frac{\mathrm{{DOD}}\left( n\right)}{{\mathrm{{DOD}}}_{\text{ref }}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{\xi }}$
式中,$\xi$$\mathrm{{DOD}}$ 的应力指数。同样,$\mathrm{C}$ 速率产生的应力系数为
${\theta }_{{I}_{-\text{dis }}\left( n\right)} ={\left(\frac{{I}_{\text{dis }\_ \text{ave }}\left( n\right)}{{I}_{\text{dis }\_ \text{ref }}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{{\gamma }_{1}}}$
${\theta }_{{I}_{\_ \text{ch }}}\left( n\right)= {\left(\frac{{I}_{\text{ch }\_ \text{ave }}\left( n\right)}{{I}_{\text{ch }\text{ ref }}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{{\gamma }_{2}}}$
式中:${\theta }_{l\_ \mathrm{{dis}}}\left( n\right)$${\theta }_{l\_ \mathrm{{ch}}}\left( n\right)$ 分别为与放电和充电电流相关的应力因子;${I}_{\text{dis_ref }}$${I}_{\text{ch_ref }}$ 分别为放电和充电电流的峰值应力振幅;${\gamma }_{1}$${\gamma }_{2}$ 分别为放电和充电电流的应力指数。
使用阿伦尼乌斯公式(Arrhenius equatien)可得由温度引起的应力系数${\theta }_{\mathrm{T}}$
${\theta }_{\mathrm{T}}\left( n\right)= \exp \left\lbrack {-\psi \left({\frac{1}{{T}_{\mathrm{a}}\left( n\right)} -\frac{1}{{T}_{\text{ref }}}}\right)}\right\rbrack $
式中:$\psi$ 为阿伦尼乌斯速率常数;${T}_{\mathrm{a}}\left( n\right)$${T}_{\text{ref }}$ 分别为每个循环期间的环境温度和参考温度。
产生的或组合的应力系数$\theta$
$\theta \left( n\right)= {\theta }_{\mathrm{{DOD}}}\left( n\right)\prod {\theta }_{{I}_{- }\text{dis }}\left( n\right)\prod {\theta }_{{I}_{- }\text{ch }}\left( n\right)\prod {\theta }_{\mathrm{T}}\left( n\right)$
EOL 的最大循环次数${N}_{\mathrm{c}}$ 与产生的应力系数成反比,即
${N}_{\mathrm{c}}\left( n\right)= \frac{{N}_{\mathrm{c}\text{_ref }}}{\theta \left( n\right)} ={N}_{\mathrm{c}\text{_ref }}{\left(\frac{\operatorname{DOD}\left( n\right)}{{\operatorname{DOD}}_{\text{ref }}}\right)}^{\frac{-1}{\xi }}{\left(\frac{{I}_{\text{dis_ave }}\left( n\right)}{{I}_{\text{dis_ref }}}\right)}^{\frac{-1}{{\gamma }_{1}}}.\\{\left(\frac{{I}_{\text{ch_ave }}\left( n\right)}{{I}_{\text{ch_ref }}}\right)}^{\frac{-1}{{\gamma }_{2}}}\exp \left\lbrack {-\psi \left({\frac{1}{{T}_{\text{ref }}}- \frac{1}{{T}_{\mathrm{a}}\left( n\right)}}\right)}\right\rbrack $
式中,${N}_{\mathrm{c}\text{_ref }}$ 为电池在$\mathrm{{DOD}}= {\mathrm{{DOD}}}_{\text{ref }}\text{、}\mathrm{C}$ 速率$=$ ${I}_{\text{dis_ref }}$ (或${I}_{\text{ch_ref }}$ )、温度为${T}_{\text{ref }}$ 下重复放电和充电循环时的最大循环次数。
老化指数表示应用循环(电池从 100%SOC 放电至 0%SOC, 然后再充电至 100%SOC 下进行重复放电和充电循环)对电池总老化的影响。电池在$\mathrm{{DOD}}= {\mathrm{{DOD}}}_{\text{ref }}\text{、}\mathrm{C}$ 速率$={I}_{\text{dis_ref }}$ (或${I}_{\text{ch_ref }}$ )、温度为${T}_{\text{ref }}$ 下的老化指数可表示为
$\varepsilon =\frac{1}{{N}_{\mathrm{c}\text{ ref }}}$
考虑到对于实际负载曲线, 放电或充电循环可能并不总是在电池$\mathrm{{SOC}}= {100}\%$ 时开始或结束,因此本文引入了等效循环数的概念[25]。给定 DOD 的等效循环数定义为与循环开始和结束时$\mathrm{{SOC}}= {100}\%$ 的情景等效的循环数。例如,如果电池从 80%SOC (20%DOD)放电到 40%SOC(60%DOD), 然后再充电至 60%SOC(40%DOD),循环 DOD=60%, 等效循环数如图2所示, 即
${N}_{\mathrm{{eq}}}= {0.5}\left({1 -\frac{{20}\%}{{60}\%}}\right)+ {0.5}\left({1 -\frac{{40}\%}{{60}\%}}\right)$
式(13)仅适用于以 100%SOC 开始和结束的循环, 等效循环数的概念允许在电池受到任何给定 DOD 摆动时计算老化指数。通过对图4应用式(15), 每个循环后的等效循环数为
${N}_{\mathrm{{eq}}}\left( n\right)= {0.5}\left\lbrack {2 -\frac{\mathrm{{DOD}}\left({n - 2}\right)+ \mathrm{{DOD}}\left( n\right)}{\mathrm{{DOD}}\left({n - 1}\right)}}\right\rbrack $
每个周期后的老化指数为
$\varepsilon \left( n\right)= \varepsilon \left({n - 1}\right)+ \frac{{N}_{\mathrm{{eq}}}\left( n\right)}{{N}_{\mathrm{c}}\left({n - 1}\right)} $
图4中实线段表示 1 个等效循环数,$T\left(\mathrm{\;s}\right)$ 为周期中某个时刻。
根据老化指数确定电池容量和电阻, 电池容量和电阻随老化呈非线性特征, 这主要是由于 SEI 层的非线性增长及锂离子、活性材料和电解质随电池老化的非线性损耗。电池容量$Q$ 和电阻$R$ 可分别表示为
$ Q\left( n\right)= {Q}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}}- \varepsilon {\left( n\right)}^{\alpha }\left({{Q}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}}- {Q}_{\mathrm{{EOL}}}}\right)$
$ R\left( n\right)= {R}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}}- \varepsilon {\left( n\right)}^{\beta }\left({{R}_{\mathrm{{EOL}}}- {R}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}}}\right)$
式中:${Q}_{\text{BOL }}$${Q}_{\text{EOL }}$ 分别为寿命开始 BOL(beginning of life) 和 EOL时的电池容量;${R}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}}$${R}_{\mathrm{{EOL}}}$ 分别为 BOL 和 EOL 时的电池电阻;$\alpha$$\beta$ 分别为电池容量和电阻的老化指数。假设${Q}_{\mathrm{{EOL}}}= {80}\%{Q}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}},{Q}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}}$${R}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}}$ 分别对应于$Q\left( T\right)$$R\left( T\right)$
式(13)需要识别${N}_{\mathrm{c}\text{ ref }}$$\xi$${\gamma }_{1}$${\gamma }_{2}$$\psi$ 这 5 个参数, 本文使用不同循环条件下的寿命周期(容量损失与循环)曲线确定这些参数。电池数据表及有限(或短时间)的循环实验用于确定模型参数。实验包括在不同条件下同时循环 4 个电池, 直到其容量降低 5%。对于每个循环条件,仅有 1 个循环寿命系数(DOD、C 速率或温度)不同, 以便检测其各自影响。选择容量降低 5%是为了获得每个循环寿命因数对电池老化过程的显著影响。老化指数$\alpha$$\beta$ 也由标称循环条件下的容量损失和电阻增长曲线确定。由于数据表中较少提供电阻增长曲线(电阻与循环), 因此每隔几次循环就对电池电阻进行 1 次实验测量。图5为数据表或实验所需的典型数据点,图中曲线由右至左分别为${N}_{1}\text{、}{N}_{2}\text{、}{N}_{3}\text{、}{N}_{4}$${N}_{5}$,可见至少需要 1 条完整的寿命周期曲线,即电池循环直至 EOL。由于这些数据可以在大多数数据表中检索到, 因此不需要进行完整的生命周期测试, 这使得循环实验的持续时间更短。
图5中,${T}_{\mathrm{a}}$ 表示测试温度,其中${T}_{1}= {23}^{\circ }\mathrm{C},{T}_{2}=$ ${45}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$;${I}_{\mathrm{d}1}$${I}_{\mathrm{d}2}$ 为放电电流;${I}_{\mathrm{c}1}$${I}_{\mathrm{c}2}$ 为充电电流;$N$ 为循环次数。在标称循环条件下$\left({{T}_{\mathrm{a}}= {T}_{1}}\right.$, DOD$=$ ${100}\%$,放电电流${I}_{\text{discharge }}= {I}_{\mathrm{d}1}$,充电电流$\left.{{I}_{\text{charge }}= {I}_{\mathrm{c}1}}\right)$, 根据式(18)估算老化指数为
$\alpha =\lg \left(\frac{{Q}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}}- {Q}_{5}}{{Q}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}}- {Q}_{\mathrm{{EOL}}}}\right)/\left\lbrack {\lg \left(\frac{{N}_{2}}{{N}_{\mathrm{c}2}}\right)}\right\rbrack $
式中:${Q}_{5}= {95}\%{Q}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}};{N}_{2}\text{、}{N}_{\mathrm{c}2}$ 分别为容量为${Q}_{5}$${Q}_{\mathrm{{EOL}}}$ 时的循环数。
类似地,根据 (19) 估算$\beta$
$\beta =\lg \left(\frac{{R}_{5}- {R}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}}}{{R}_{\mathrm{{EOL}}}- {R}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}}}\right)/\left\lbrack {\lg \left(\frac{{N}_{2}}{{N}_{\mathrm{c}2}}\right)}\right\rbrack $
式中,${R}_{5}$ 为容量为${Q}_{5}$ 时的电池电阻。
根据式(19)估算其他循环条件下至 EOL 的循环次数${N}_{\mathrm{c}1}\text{、}{N}_{\mathrm{c}3}\text{、}{N}_{\mathrm{c}4}\text{、}{N}_{\mathrm{c}5}$,即
${N}_{\mathrm{c}j}= \frac{{N}_{\mathrm{c}2}{N}_{j}}{{N}_{2}}\;j \in \left({1,3,4,5}\right)$
式中,${N}_{j}$ 为容量为${Q}_{5}$ 时对于图3所示的每个循环条件的循环次数。根据式(13)分别估算模型参数${N}_{\mathrm{c}\text{_ref }}$$\xi$${\gamma }_{1}$${\gamma }_{2}$$\psi$
${N}_{\mathrm{c}\_ \text{ref }}= {N}_{\mathrm{c}2}$
$\xi =- \frac{\lg \left({0.25}\right)}{\lg \left({{N}_{\mathrm{c}1}/{N}_{\mathrm{c}2}}\right)} $
${\gamma }_{1}= -\frac{\lg \left({{I}_{\mathrm{d}2}/{I}_{\mathrm{d}1}}\right)}{\lg \left({{N}_{\mathrm{c}4}/{N}_{\mathrm{c}2}}\right)} $
${\gamma }_{2}= -\frac{\lg \left({{I}_{\mathrm{c}2}/{I}_{\mathrm{c}1}}\right)}{\lg \left({{N}_{\mathrm{c}3}/{N}_{\mathrm{c}2}}\right)} $
$\psi =\frac{\lg \left({{N}_{\mathrm{c}5}/{N}_{\mathrm{c}2}}\right)}{1/{T}_{2}- 1/{T}_{1}}$
本文使用 LFP-LiFe${\mathrm{{PO}}}_{4}$ 和 NMC-LiNiMn${\mathrm{{CoO}}}_{2}$ 这 2 种锂离子电池验证所提循环寿命模型的有效性。使用包括热实验箱的实验台在不同循环条件下进行加速循环实验,如图5所示;模型参数识别至少需要 4 条生命周期曲线, 根据电池数据表中的可用数据可以减少实验次数。图6为实验台设置。实验台设置包括:环境实验箱(Thermotron XSE-600); 具有 4 个通道的电池分析仪/循环器 (PCBA 5010-4), 可同时循环最多 4 个电池单元; 来自$\mathrm{A}{123}$ 系统的 5 个${\mathrm{{LiFePO}}}_{4}$ 电池芯,${3.3}\mathrm{\;V}$${2.5}\mathrm{\;A}$;5 个${\mathrm{{LiNiMnCoO}}}_{2}$ 电池芯,${3.7}\mathrm{\;V}$${2000}\mathrm{\;{mA}}$。对于${\mathrm{{LiFePO}}}_{4}$ 电池,使用数据表和实验测试中的生命周期曲线确定模型参数, 其循环条件见表1
表1所示,${\mathrm{{LiFePO}}}_{4}$ 电池需要在室温下进行 3 次实验测试, 每次循环实验从容量和电阻实验开始,以确定 BOL 容量和电阻。每${\Delta n}$ 次循环$({\Delta n}$ 等于 BOL 和 EOL 附近的 5 次循环, 中间为 50 次循环)后中断并启动容量和电阻测试, 以确定电流容量和电阻。测试顺序继续进行, 直到容量达到其初始值的 95%。在新磷酸铁锂(LFP)电池单元的循环过程中, 容量在最初几个循环(50 到 100 个循环) 期间下降至其标称值之前不断增加, 对于镍锰钴 (NMC)电池, 此现象不太明显。此现象完成后, 即当电池开始老化时, 数据记录立即启动。
图7~图10表1中循环条件下的模拟和实验结果。可见, 本文所提模型较好地反映了每个寿命周期因素对${\mathrm{{LiFePO}}}_{4}$ 电池的影响,绝对误差小于 1%。
表2为从数据表和实验中提取的数据及 LFP 电池类型的模型参数。图11为由DOD、C速率和环境温度引起的每个周期的估计应力系数。图中, 实线为实验结果, 虚线为仿真结果。
在不同参数识别运行条件下, 本文进行 2 次额外的循环实验。图12为LFP电池在100%DOD下循环时的模拟和实验结果(在${21}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$${43}{}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ 的环境温度下 C 速率为$1\mathrm{C}$ (充电)/3$\mathrm{C}$ (放电))。可见,在 21 C 和 43 °C 时, 实现结果接近实际工况, 最大绝对误差分别为 1.0%和 1.5%。
对于 NMC 电池, 从表3所示的 5 次循环实验中提取模型参数, 实验采用与 LFP 电池相同的方式进行。图13~图16表3中循环条件下的模拟和实验结果, 可见本文所提模型较好地估计了每个寿命周期因素对${\mathrm{{LiNiMnCoO}}}_{2}$ 电池的影响,绝对误差小于 1.5%。NMC 电池的模型参数见表4
由实验可以看出, LFP 电池的电阻变化不大, 而 NMC 电池的电阻在 EOL 时增加了 39%。NMC 电池的电阻增长结果如图17图18所示。老化指数$\beta ={0.5262}$,计算得${R}_{5}= {108}\mathrm{\;m}\Omega \text{、}{R}_{\mathrm{{BOL}}}= {90}\mathrm{\;m}\Omega$${R}_{\mathrm{{EOL}}}= {125}\mathrm{m}{\Omega }_{\circ }$ 可见,本文所提模型能够以小于 5% 的绝对误差表示循环对电池电阻的影响。
本文提出了 1 种锂离子电池循环寿命估计模型, 该模型基于疲劳分析常用的物理方程和等效循环计数, 因此适用于任何类型的锂离子电池。使用电池数据表和有限(或短时间)循环实验,建立了 1 个具有简化和快速参数识别方法的锂电池循环寿命模型,由于大多数锂离子电池数据表均带有寿命周期曲线, 因此参数识别过程耗时较少。此外, 本文还研究了循环对电池模型性能的影响。最后通过对$\mathrm{{LFP}}- {\mathrm{{LiFePO}}}_{4}$ 和 NMC-LiNiMn${\mathrm{{CoO}}}_{2}$ 这 2 种锂离子电池的仿真分析与实际情况验证对比, 本文模型估计电池容量的绝对误差小于 1.5%,预测电池的电阻绝对误差小于 5%。
  • 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2021QNA4012)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
McCurlie L, Preindl M, Emadi A. Fast model predictive control for redistributive lithium-ion battery balancing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2017. 64(2): 1350-1357.
[2]
Uno M, Kukita A. Cycle life evaluation based on accelerated aging testing for lithium-ion capacitors as alternative to rechargeable batteries[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2016. 63(3): 1607-1617.
[3]
Xiao Ying. Model-based virtual thermal sensors for lithium-ion battery in EV applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2015. 62(5): 3112-3122.
[4]
Sidhu A, Izadian A, Anwar S. Adaptive nonlinear model-based fault diagnosis of Li-ion batteries[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2015. 62(2): 1002-1011.
[5]
朱丽群, 张建秋. 一种联合锂电池健康和荷电状态的新模型[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018. 38(12): 3613-3620.
Zhu Liqun, Zhang Jianqiu. A new model of jointed states of charge and health for lithium batteries[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018. 38(12): 3613-3620 (in Chinese).
[6]
Chaoui H, Golbon N, Hmouz I, et al. Lyapunov-based adaptive state of charge and state of health estimation for lithium-ion batteries[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2015. 62(3): 1610-1618.
[7]
Xiong Rui, Zhang Yongzhi, Wang Ju, et al. Lithium-ion battery health prognosis based on a real battery management system used in electric vehicles[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2019. 68(5): 4110-4121.
[8]
Li Kaiyuan, Wei Feng, Tseng K J, et al. A practical lithium-ion battery model for state of energy and voltage responses prediction incorporating temperature and ageing effects[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2018. 65(8): 6696-6708.
[9]
魏刚. 基于阻抗谱的锂离子电池快速状态评估系统设计[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2020.
Wei Gang. Design of Rapid state evaluation system for lithium-ion battery based on impedance spectrum[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2020. (in Chinese).
[10]
Hu Xiaosong, Jiang Jiuchun, Cao Dongpu, et al. Battery health prognosis for electric vehicles using sample entropy and sparse Bayesian predictive modeling[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2016. 63(4): 2645-2656.
[11]
El Mejdoubi A, Oukaour A, Chaoui H, et al. State-of-charge and state-of-health lithium-ion batteries' diagnosis according to surface temperature variation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2016. 63(4): 2391-2402.
[12]
张连德. 基于电化学阻抗谱的三元锂离子电池状态估计研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2018.
Zhang Liande. State estimation of ternary lithium ion battery based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2018. (in Chinese).
[13]
Fu Rujian, Choe S Y, Agubra V, et al. Development of a physics-based degradation model for lithium ion polymer batteries considering side reactions[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2015. 278: 506-521.
[14]
Moura S J, Forman J C, Bashash S, et al. Optimal control of film growth in lithium-ion battery packs via relay switches[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2011. 58(8): 3555-3566.
[15]
纪常伟, 潘帅, 汪硕峰, 等. 动力锂离子电池老化速率影响因素的实验研究[J]. 北京工业大学学报, 2020. 46(11): 1272-1282.
Ji Changwei, Pan Shuai, Wang Shuofeng, et al. Experimental study on effect factors of aging rate for power lithium-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2020. 46(11): 1272-1282 (in Chinese).
[16]
Petricca M, Shin D, Bocca A, et al. Automated generation of battery aging models from datasheets[C]// 2014 IEEE 32nd International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD). Seoul, Korea (South), 2014: 483-488.
[17]
Akar F, Tavlasoglu Y, Vural B. An energy management strategy for a concept battery/ultracapacitor electric vehicle with improved battery life[J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2017. 3(1): 191-200.
[18]
Shen Junyi, Dusmez S, Khaligh A. Optimization of sizing and battery cycle life in battery/ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage systems for electric vehicle applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2014. 10(4): 2112-2121.
[19]
王佳, 黄秋安, 李伟恒, 等. 电化学阻抗谱弛豫时间分布基础[J]. 电化学, 2020. 26(5): 607-627.
Wang Jia, Huang Qiuan, Li Weiheng, et al. Fundamentals of distribution of relaxation times for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry, 2020. 26(5): 607-627 (in Chinese).
[20]
申永鹏, 葛高瑞, 王耀南, 等. 动力电池组分散式主动均衡控制系统[J]. 电源学报, 2022. 20(1): 118-125.
Shen Yongpeng, Ge Gaorui, Wang Yaonan, et al. Distributed active balancing control system for power battery pack[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2022. 20(1): 118-125 (in Chinese).
[21]
刘昊天, 王萍, 程泽. 一种编解码器模型的锂离子电池健康状态估算[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021. 41(5): 1851-1859.
Liu Haotian, Wang Ping, Cheng Ze. A novel method based on encoder-decoder framework for Li-ion battery state of health estimation[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021. 41(5): 1851-1859 (in Chinese).
[22]
胡晓亚, 郭永芳, 张若可. 锂离子电池健康状态估计方法研究综述[J]. 电源学报, 2022. 20(1): 126-133.
Hu Xiaoya, Guo Yongfang, Zhang Ruoke. Review of state-of-health estimation methods for lithium-ion battery[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2022. 20(1): 126-133 (in Chinese).
[23]
安治国, 赵琳, 陈星, 等. 流道布置对方形锂电池组温度场的影响[J]. 电源学报, 2021. 19(5): 178-184.
An Zhiguo, Zhao Lin, Chen Xing, et al. Influences of flow channel arrangement on temperature field of square lithium battery pack[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2021. 19(5): 178-184 (in Chinese).
[24]
张立佳, 徐国宁, 赵向阳, 等. 基于神经网络的老化锂电池SOC估算方法的研究[J]. 电源学报, 2020. 18(1): 54-60.
Zhang Lijia, Xu Guoning, Zhao Xiangyang, et al. Research on SOC estimation method for aging lithium battery based on neural network[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2020. 18(1): 54-60 (in Chinese).
[25]
Dudézert C, Reynier Y, Duffault J M, et al. Fatigue damage approach applied to Li-ion batteries ageing characterization[J]. Materials Science and Engineering: B, 2016. 213: 177-189.
2024年第22卷第6期
PDF下载
369
145
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.6.234
  • 接收时间:2021-11-13
  • 首发时间:2025-07-19
  • 出版时间:2024-11-30
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-13
  • 修回日期:2022-03-06
  • 录用日期:2022-03-09
基金
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021QNA4012)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2021QNA4012)
作者信息
    1 国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉兴供电公司 嘉兴 314000
    2 国网浙江省电力有限公司 杭州 310008
    3 浙江电力交易中心有限公司 杭州 310008
    4 浙江大学 电气工程学院 杭州 310058
    5 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 武汉 430073
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2024.6.234
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏