Article(id=1146828031089311811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, issueId=1146828027490604008, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.2.96, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1646064000000, receivedDateStr=2022-03-01, revisedDate=1654876800000, revisedDateStr=2022-06-11, acceptedDate=1655740800000, acceptedDateStr=2022-06-21, onlineDate=1751354709646, onlineDateStr=2025-07-01, pubDate=1743264000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1751354709646, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-01, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=1752073866722, onlineFirstDateStr=2025-07-09, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1751354709646, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1751354709646, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1146828027490604008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, year='2025', volume='23', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='306', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1751354708786, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765499546380, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1206155776469561741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, issueId=1146828027490604008, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1206155776469561742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, issueId=1146828027490604008, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=96, endPage=104, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149844394758599282, articleId=1146828031089311811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, language=EN, title=Improved Carrier Phase-shifted Modulation Strategy Applied to MMC with Higher-order Circulating Current Suppression Function, columnId=1152281492153004911, journalTitle=Journal of Power Supply, columnName=Modeling and Control, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

When a modular multilevel converter (MMC) adopts the traditional carrier phase-shifted pulse width modulation strategy, the additional capacitor voltage balance strategy for submodules will cause the number of submodules in each phase circuit of the MMC to jump at a high frequency. Therefore, a large induced pulse voltage will appear on the inductance of the bridge arm, which will generate a high-frequency harmonic circulating current, thereby increasing the voltage and current stress of components. Based on the study of the traditional carrier phase-shifted modulation strategy and its application to the MMC, the implementation process is improved to ensure that the number of submodules in each phase circuit of the MMC is constant at any time, so as to avoid the above problems. The improved carrier phase-shifted modulation strategy is analyzed in detail, and the corresponding capacitor voltage balance control strategy is given. Simulation and experimental results show that the circulating current amplitude of the bridge arm is reduced after adopting the improved carrier phase-shifted modulation strategy.

, correspAuthors=Zhihong BAI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yinuo DONG, Zhihong BAI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1146828035161981260, articleId=1146828031089311811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, language=CN, title=一种应用于MMC的具有较高次环流抑制功能的改进载波移相调制策略, columnId=1149829942550200325, journalTitle=电源学报, columnName=建模与控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

模块化多电平换流器MMC(modular multilevel converter)采用传统载波移相脉宽调制策略时附加的子模块电容电压平衡策略,会导致MMC每相电路中投入的子模块数量出现高频跳动。因此,桥臂电感上会出现很大的感应脉冲电压,进而产生较高频率的环流谐波,从而增加元器件的电压和电流应力。在研究传统载波移相调制策略及其在MMC中应用问题的基础上,对其实现过程进行改进,以保证在任意时刻MMC每相电路中投入的子模块数量恒定,从而避免上述问题。对所提改进载波移相调制策略进行详细分析,并给出相应的电容电压平衡控制策略。仿真和实验结果表明,采用改进载波移相调制策略后,桥臂环流幅值得到降低。

, correspAuthors=白志红, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
白志红(1980— ),女,中国电源学会会员,博士,副教授。研究方向:多电平变流器及其控制技术、新能源发电并网控制技术。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=XpAPak/1Fg9UVNRNPybOkw==, magXml=Ds6ldeCBg2A3TWakelxp0Q==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=+LKal7wKcqat8SRMljYfrA==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=n+pxQR9kYWwe6BN3U36tLw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=cWY5WppPTo7fVd/dNH6avA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

董一诺(1997— ),男,硕士研究生。研究方向:电力电子与电力传动。E-mail:

, authorsList=董一诺, 白志红)}, authors=[Author(id=1205945143169974684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=364370139@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1205945143283220904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, authorId=1205945143169974684, language=EN, stringName=Yinuo DONG, firstName=Yinuo, middleName=null, lastName=DONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1205945143425827259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, authorId=1205945143169974684, language=CN, stringName=董一诺, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=浙江大学电气工程学院,杭州 310027, bio={"img":"BfSNe2uRveJwUu3BffMJGA==","content":"

董一诺(1997— ),男,硕士研究生。研究方向:电力电子与电力传动。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=BfSNe2uRveJwUu3BffMJGA==, bioContent=

董一诺(1997— ),男,硕士研究生。研究方向:电力电子与电力传动。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1205945143010591117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205945143018979726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, companyId=1205945143010591117, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205945143031562640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, companyId=1205945143010591117, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=浙江大学电气工程学院,杭州 310027)])]), Author(id=1205945143551656394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=baizhihong@zju.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1205945143736205783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, authorId=1205945143551656394, language=EN, stringName=Zhihong BAI, firstName=Zhihong, middleName=null, lastName=BAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1205945143887200741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, authorId=1205945143551656394, language=CN, stringName=白志红, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=浙江大学电气工程学院,杭州 310027, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1205945143010591117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205945143018979726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, companyId=1205945143010591117, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205945143031562640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, companyId=1205945143010591117, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=浙江大学电气工程学院,杭州 310027)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1205945144109498874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Modular multilevel converter (MMC)), Keyword(id=1205945144205967875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=carrier phase-shifted modulation), Keyword(id=1205945144373740042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=capacitor voltage balance), Keyword(id=1205945144507957781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=high-order circulating current suppression), Keyword(id=1205945144637981217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=模块化多电平换流器), Keyword(id=1205945144721867310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=载波移相调制), Keyword(id=1205945144847696439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=电容电压平衡), Keyword(id=1205945144952554047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=高次环流抑制)], refs=[Reference(id=1205945150065410920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=67, issue=7, pageStart=1284, pageEnd=1288, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Ma Dajun, Chen Wu, Shu Liangcai, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ma Dajun, Chen Wu, Shu Liangcai, et al. A multiport power electronic transformer based on modular multilevel converter and mixed-frequency modulation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 2019, 67(7): 1284-1288., articleTitle=A multiport power electronic transformer based on modular multilevel converter and mixed-frequency modulation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945150149297005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=13, issue=1, pageStart=238, pageEnd=247, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Fan Boran, Li Yongdong, Wang Kui, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fan Boran, Li Yongdong, Wang Kui, et al. Hierarchical system design and control of an MMC-based power- electronic transformer[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2017, 13(1): 238-247., articleTitle=Hierarchical system design and control of an MMC-based power- electronic transformer, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945150279320436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=18, issue=1, pageStart=96, pageEnd=103, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=杨晓峰, 陶海波, 游小杰, journalName=电源学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨晓峰, 陶海波, 游小杰, 等. 应用于矿井提升机系统的超级电容储能型MMC[J]. 电源学报, 2020, 18(1): 96-103., articleTitle=应用于矿井提升机系统的超级电容储能型MMC, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945150413538169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=18, issue=1, pageStart=96, pageEnd=103, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Yang Xiaofeng, Tao Haibo, You Xiaojie, journalName=Journal of Power Supply, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang Xiaofeng, Tao Haibo, You Xiaojie, et al. Super capacitor energy storage based MMC applied to mine hoist system[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2020, 18(1): 96-103. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Super capacitor energy storage based MMC applied to mine hoist system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945150543561596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=35, issue=6, pageStart=1316, pageEnd=1326, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=4, authorNames=银泽一, 王广柱, 程振兴, journalName=电工技术学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=银泽一, 王广柱, 程振兴. 基于模块化多电平变换器的插电式混合电动汽车系统充电控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(6): 1316-1326., articleTitle=基于模块化多电平变换器的插电式混合电动汽车系统充电控制策略, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945150669390724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=35, issue=6, pageStart=1316, pageEnd=1326, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Yin Zeyi, Wang Guangzhu, Cheng Zhenxing, journalName=Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yin Zeyi, Wang Guangzhu, Cheng Zhenxing. Charge control strategy of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle system based on modular multilevel converter[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(6): 1316-1326. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Charge control strategy of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle system based on modular multilevel converter, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945151885738888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=38, issue=14, pageStart=3909, pageEnd=3922, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=6, authorNames=武鸿, 王跃, 刘熠, journalName=电工技术学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=武鸿, 王跃, 刘熠, 等. 基于广义电容电压不平衡度的MMC子模块开路故障诊断策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(14): 3909-3922., articleTitle=基于广义电容电压不平衡度的MMC子模块开路故障诊断策略, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945152019956623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=38, issue=14, pageStart=3909, pageEnd=3922, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Wu Hong, Wang Yue, Liu Yi, journalName=Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu Hong, Wang Yue, Liu Yi, et al. Open circuit fault diagnosis strategy of MMC sub-module based on generalized capacitor voltage unbalance[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(14): 3909-3922. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Open circuit fault diagnosis strategy of MMC sub-module based on generalized capacitor voltage unbalance, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945152141591446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=22, issue=6, pageStart=280, pageEnd=287, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=8, authorNames=姚景昆, 齐山成, 柴世俊, journalName=电源学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=姚景昆, 齐山成, 柴世俊. 中压电机驱动系统前端并网MMC共模电压抑制[J]. 电源学报, 2024, 22(6): 280-287., articleTitle=中压电机驱动系统前端并网MMC共模电压抑制, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945152250643357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=22, issue=6, pageStart=280, pageEnd=287, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Yao Jingkun, Qi Shancheng, Chai Shijun, journalName=Journal of Power Supply, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yao Jingkun, Qi Shancheng, Chai Shijun. Grid-connected MMC common-mode voltage suppression at front end of medium-voltage motor driving system[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2024, 22(6): 280-287. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Grid-connected MMC common-mode voltage suppression at front end of medium-voltage motor driving system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945152384861093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=22, issue=3, pageStart=287, pageEnd=297, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=10, authorNames=薛国清, 贵献国, 李雄, journalName=电源学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=薛国清, 贵献国, 李雄. 适用于HVDC和HVAC高效稳定互联的MMC双端口电网形成控制[J]. 电源学报, 2024, 22(3): 287-297., articleTitle=适用于HVDC和HVAC高效稳定互联的MMC双端口电网形成控制, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945152510690216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=22, issue=3, pageStart=287, pageEnd=297, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Xue Guoqing, Gui Xianguo, Li Xiong, journalName=Journal of Power Supply, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xue Guoqing, Gui Xianguo, Li Xiong. MMC dual-port grid-forming control for efficient and stable interconnect- tion of HVDC and HVAC[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2024, 22(3): 287-297. (in Chinese), articleTitle=MMC dual-port grid-forming control for efficient and stable interconnect- tion of HVDC and HVAC, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945152628130738, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=33, issue=11, pageStart=9209, pageEnd=9218, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Wang Yi, Hu Can, Ding Ruoyu, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Yi, Hu Can, Ding Ruoyu, et al. A nearest level PWM method for the MMC in DC distribution grids[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2018, 33(11): 9209-9218., articleTitle=A nearest level PWM method for the MMC in DC distribution grids, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945152749765559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=7, issue=null, pageStart=25792, pageEnd=25803, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Shen Ke, Wang Shaozhe, Zhao Dan, journalName=IEEE Access, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shen Ke, Wang Shaozhe, Zhao Dan, et al. A discrete-time low-frequency-ratio nearest level modulation strategy for modular multilevel converters with small number of power modules[J]. IEEE Access, 2019, 7: 25792-25803., articleTitle=A discrete-time low-frequency-ratio nearest level modulation strategy for modular multilevel converters with small number of power modules, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945152883983295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=39, issue=1, pageStart=233, pageEnd=245, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=14, authorNames=武鸿, 王跃, 薛英林, journalName=电工技术学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=武鸿, 王跃, 薛英林, 等. 适用多功率的最近电平调制下MMC子模块开路故障诊断策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(1): 233-245., articleTitle=适用多功率的最近电平调制下MMC子模块开路故障诊断策略, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945153093698505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=39, issue=1, pageStart=233, pageEnd=245, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Wu Hong, Wang Yue, Xue Yinglin, journalName=Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu Hong, Wang Yue, Xue Yinglin, et al. A diagnosis strategy for open-circuit submodule faults in MMCs under nearst level modulation suitable for different powers[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(1): 233-245. (in Chinese), articleTitle=A diagnosis strategy for open-circuit submodule faults in MMCs under nearst level modulation suitable for different powers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945153194361807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=65, issue=9, pageStart=6881, pageEnd=6889, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Amiri M, Milimonfared J, Khaburi D A, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Amiri M, Milimonfared J, Khaburi D A. Predictive torque control implementation for induction motors based on discrete space vector modulation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2018, 65(9): 6881-6889., articleTitle=Predictive torque control implementation for induction motors based on discrete space vector modulation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945153290830805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=42, issue=21, pageStart=139, pageEnd=144, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=17, authorNames=白志红, 周玉虎, journalName=电力系统自动化, refType=null, unstructuredReference=白志红, 周玉虎. 模块化多电平换流器的载波层叠脉宽调制策略分析与改进[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42(21): 139-144., articleTitle=模块化多电平换流器的载波层叠脉宽调制策略分析与改进, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945153425048540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=42, issue=21, pageStart=139, pageEnd=144, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Bai Zhihong, Zhou Yuhu, journalName=Automation of Electric Power Systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bai Zhihong, Zhou Yuhu. Analysis and improvement on carrier level-shifted pulse width modulation strategy for modular multilevel converter[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(21): 139-144. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis and improvement on carrier level-shifted pulse width modulation strategy for modular multilevel converter, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945153617986532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=53, issue=5, pageStart=4624, pageEnd=4633, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=19, authorNames=McGrath B P, Teixeira C A, Holmes D G, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, refType=null, unstructuredReference=McGrath B P, Teixeira C A, Holmes D G. Optimized phase disposition (PD) modulation of a modular multilevel converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2017, 53(5): 4624-4633., articleTitle=Optimized phase disposition (PD) modulation of a modular multilevel converter, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945153756398570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=38, issue=24, pageStart=7314, pageEnd=7325, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=20, authorNames=魏新伟, 何志兴, 徐千鸣, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=魏新伟, 何志兴, 徐千鸣, 等. 载波移相调制模块化多电平换流器双均压系数电压平衡方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(24): 7314-7325, 7458., articleTitle=载波移相调制模块化多电平换流器双均压系数电压平衡方法, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945153873839093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=38, issue=24, pageStart=7314, pageEnd=7325, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Wei Xinwei, He Zhixing, Xu Qianming, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wei Xinwei, He Zhixing, Xu Qianming, et al. Dual voltage-sharing coefficients voltage balance method for modular multilevel converter with carrier phase shifted modulation[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(24): 7314-7325, 7458. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Dual voltage-sharing coefficients voltage balance method for modular multilevel converter with carrier phase shifted modulation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945154091942905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=30, issue=1, pageStart=297, pageEnd=310, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Li Binbin, Yang Rongfeng, Xu Dandan, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Binbin, Yang Rongfeng, Xu Dandan, et al. Analysis of the phase-shifted carrier modulation for modular multilevel converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2015, 30(1): 297-310., articleTitle=Analysis of the phase-shifted carrier modulation for modular multilevel converters, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945154242936834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=38, issue=23, pageStart=6893, pageEnd=6904, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=23, authorNames=杨晓峰, 李泽杰, 郑琼林, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨晓峰, 李泽杰, 郑琼林. 基于虚拟阻抗滑模控制的MMC环流抑制策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(23): 6893-6904, 7123., articleTitle=基于虚拟阻抗滑模控制的MMC环流抑制策略, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945154343600137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=38, issue=23, pageStart=6893, pageEnd=6904, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Yang Xiaofeng, Li Zejie, Zheng Trillion Q, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang Xiaofeng, Li Zejie, Zheng Trillion Q. A novel MMC circulating current suppressing strategy based on virtual impedance sliding mode control[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(23): 6893-6904, 7123. (in Chinese), articleTitle=A novel MMC circulating current suppressing strategy based on virtual impedance sliding mode control, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945154486206476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=9151, pageEnd=9156, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Ji Huali, Chen Alian, Liu Qi, journalName=Dalian, China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ji Huali, Chen Alian, Liu Qi, et al. A new circulating current suppressing control strategy for modular multilevel converters[C]// 2017 36th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). Dalian, China, 2017: 9151-9156., articleTitle=A new circulating current suppressing control strategy for modular multilevel converters, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945154578481171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=26, authorNames=石绍磊, journalName=模块化多电平换流器的环流抑制与建模, refType=null, unstructuredReference=石绍磊. 模块化多电平换流器的环流抑制与建模[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945154712698902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Shi Shaolei, journalName=Harbin Institute of Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shi Shaolei. Circulating current suppression and modeling of modular multilevel converter[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2017. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945154842722333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=28, authorNames=王思蕴, journalName=模块化多电平变流器控制方法的研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王思蕴. 模块化多电平变流器控制方法的研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2013., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945154930802720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Wang Siyun, journalName=Research on control methods of modular multilevel converter, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Siyun. Research on control methods of modular multilevel converter[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2013. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945155002105892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=32, issue=9, pageStart=49, pageEnd=55, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=30, authorNames=李笑倩, 宋强, 刘文华, journalName=中国电机工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李笑倩, 宋强, 刘文华, 等. 采用载波移相调制的模块化多电平换流器电容电压平衡控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2012, 32(9): 49-55, 9., articleTitle=采用载波移相调制的模块化多电平换流器电容电压平衡控制, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945155098574887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=32, issue=9, pageStart=49, pageEnd=55, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Li Xiaoqian, Song Qiang, Liu Wenhua, journalName=Proceedings of the CSEE, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Xiaoqian, Song Qiang, Liu Wenhua, et al. Capacitor voltage balancing control by using carrier phase-shift modulation of modular multilevel converters[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(9): 49-55, 9. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Capacitor voltage balancing control by using carrier phase-shift modulation of modular multilevel converters, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945155199238190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=32, authorNames=夏弘深, journalName=模块化多电平变换器多载波调制策略及其电容电压平衡技术的研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=夏弘深. 模块化多电平变换器多载波调制策略及其电容电压平衡技术的研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2019., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1205945156407197748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Xia Hongshen, journalName=Research on multi-carrier modulation strategies and capacitor voltage balancing technology of modular multilevel converter, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xia Hongshen. Research on multi-carrier modulation strategies and capacitor voltage balancing technology of modular multilevel converter[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2019. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1205945149734060890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, awardId=51877194, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(51877194), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1205945149843112798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, awardId=51877194, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(51877194), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1205945143010591117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205945143018979726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, companyId=1205945143010591117, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1205945143031562640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, companyId=1205945143010591117, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=浙江大学电气工程学院,杭州 310027)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1205945145191629399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Topology of three-phase MMC, figureFileSmall=aT1GQFFHg/wLCTT1qdx6OA==, figureFileBig=n+pxQR9kYWwe6BN3U36tLw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945145313264226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, label=图1, caption=三相MMC拓扑, figureFileSmall=aT1GQFFHg/wLCTT1qdx6OA==, figureFileBig=n+pxQR9kYWwe6BN3U36tLw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945145615254147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Schematic of traditional CPS-PWM, figureFileSmall=1upnLAHqMFYeYnzOuJrBUg==, figureFileBig=8iN81aT1jg3Rg7tI9gTwsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945145736888973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, label=图2, caption=传统CPS-PWM示意, figureFileSmall=1upnLAHqMFYeYnzOuJrBUg==, figureFileBig=8iN81aT1jg3Rg7tI9gTwsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945145904661150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Control block diagram of typical capacitor voltage balance, figureFileSmall=KqBW1CTxC3Pje3yJlZB9ow==, figureFileBig=ETdgXHiEyCSYRSNnC3yRNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945146030490282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, label=图3, caption=典型的电容电压平衡控制框图, figureFileSmall=KqBW1CTxC3Pje3yJlZB9ow==, figureFileBig=ETdgXHiEyCSYRSNnC3yRNw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945146173096628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Block diagram of principle of improved CPS-PWM, figureFileSmall=wSRiXBoXYY0j6fz/WuOVXQ==, figureFileBig=Ilt4lK6jBbQnXr/R2JgbcQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945146290537156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, label=图4, caption=改进CPS-PWM原理框图, figureFileSmall=wSRiXBoXYY0j6fz/WuOVXQ==, figureFileBig=Ilt4lK6jBbQnXr/R2JgbcQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945147527856847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Simulation waveforms under traditional CPS-PWM strategy, figureFileSmall=NZ94zXyziDjMPZOZ3obEUw==, figureFileBig=fgC3UezVAzjh+5nG/O7Rcg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945147653685980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, label=图5, caption=采用传统CPS-PWM策略仿真波形, figureFileSmall=NZ94zXyziDjMPZOZ3obEUw==, figureFileBig=fgC3UezVAzjh+5nG/O7Rcg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945147787903718, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Simulation waveforms under improved CPS-PWM strategy, figureFileSmall=ENZJLSH8TlPFbMRzotvLYg==, figureFileBig=shaKSslzpCmZMV4O9WMw+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945147926315756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, label=图6, caption=采用改进CPS-PWM策略仿真波形, figureFileSmall=ENZJLSH8TlPFbMRzotvLYg==, figureFileBig=shaKSslzpCmZMV4O9WMw+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945148035367664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Three-phase MMC experimental platform, figureFileSmall=eTse8QqlZGoE3bAsv0pKfw==, figureFileBig=b4+cWqAXYErJN1bmHNe6tg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945148169585399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, label=图7, caption=三相MMC实验平台, figureFileSmall=eTse8QqlZGoE3bAsv0pKfw==, figureFileBig=b4+cWqAXYErJN1bmHNe6tg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945148282831615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Resistive load experimental waveforms under traditional CPS-PWM strategy, figureFileSmall=S+UFKZxKwjDK2vOTneBtfQ==, figureFileBig=jnRZUB+yNJOOWXTOeERfog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945148438020872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, label=图8, caption=采用传统CPS-PWM策略时的阻性负载实验波形, figureFileSmall=S+UFKZxKwjDK2vOTneBtfQ==, figureFileBig=jnRZUB+yNJOOWXTOeERfog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945148534489869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Resistive load experimental waveforms under improved CPS-PWM strategy, figureFileSmall=bkGtmo2wwV6Y5VdPVoQdBA==, figureFileBig=Pi0anUzLpshrn5R9b5+mnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945148618375957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, label=图9, caption=采用改进CPS-PWM策略时的阻性负载实验波形, figureFileSmall=bkGtmo2wwV6Y5VdPVoQdBA==, figureFileBig=Pi0anUzLpshrn5R9b5+mnw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945148740010780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=Resistive inductive load experimental waveforms under traditional CPS-PWM strategy, figureFileSmall=GS1GFDCZmK0xw/7LIWC2Eg==, figureFileBig=nLTt58Z6k2hJgzoAucUayA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945148840674081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, label=图10, caption=采用传统CPS-PWM策略时的阻感性负载实验波形, figureFileSmall=GS1GFDCZmK0xw/7LIWC2Eg==, figureFileBig=nLTt58Z6k2hJgzoAucUayA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945148924560169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=Resistive inductive load experimental waveforms under improved CPS-PWM strategy, figureFileSmall=po47vpYMlBDXXAJYIU7BHA==, figureFileBig=TE/nqW6NWRpwv+pzaQqhiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945149029417777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, label=图11, caption=采用改进CPS-PWM策略时的阻感性负载实验波形, figureFileSmall=po47vpYMlBDXXAJYIU7BHA==, figureFileBig=TE/nqW6NWRpwv+pzaQqhiQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1205945149125886774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

MMC parameters

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值
每个桥臂SM数量N 4
直流侧电压${U}_{\text{dc}}\text{/V}$ 200
SM电容C/μF 2 350
载波频率${f}_{c}/\mathrm{kHz}$ 2
调制比m 0.90
基波频率${f}_{\text{0}}\text{/Hz}$ 50
桥臂电感${L}_{\text{0}}\text{/mH}$ 7.7
负载${R}_{\text{load}}\text{/Ω}$ 50
), ArticleFig(id=1205945149234938688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

MMC参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值
每个桥臂SM数量N 4
直流侧电压${U}_{\text{dc}}\text{/V}$ 200
SM电容C/μF 2 350
载波频率${f}_{c}/\mathrm{kHz}$ 2
调制比m 0.90
基波频率${f}_{\text{0}}\text{/Hz}$ 50
桥臂电感${L}_{\text{0}}\text{/mH}$ 7.7
负载${R}_{\text{load}}\text{/Ω}$ 50
), ArticleFig(id=1205945149343990598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Parameters of MMC experimental platform

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值
每个桥臂子模块数量N 4
直流侧电压${U}_{\text{dc}}\text{/V}$ 200
SM电容C/μF 2 350
载波频率${f}_{\text{c}}\text{/kHz}$ 2
调制比m 0.90
基波频率${f}_{\text{0}}\text{/Hz}$ 50
桥臂电感${L}_{\text{0}}\text{/mH}$ 7.7
阻感性负载${L}_{\text{load}}\text{/mH}$ 5
阻性负载${R}_{\text{load}}{}_{\text{1}}\text{/Ω}$ 50
阻性负载${R}_{\text{load2}}\text{/Ω}$ 50
), ArticleFig(id=1205945149486596943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1146828031089311811, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

MMC实验平台参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 数值
每个桥臂子模块数量N 4
直流侧电压${U}_{\text{dc}}\text{/V}$ 200
SM电容C/μF 2 350
载波频率${f}_{\text{c}}\text{/kHz}$ 2
调制比m 0.90
基波频率${f}_{\text{0}}\text{/Hz}$ 50
桥臂电感${L}_{\text{0}}\text{/mH}$ 7.7
阻感性负载${L}_{\text{load}}\text{/mH}$ 5
阻性负载${R}_{\text{load}}{}_{\text{1}}\text{/Ω}$ 50
阻性负载${R}_{\text{load2}}\text{/Ω}$ 50
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1046111678587809797, delFlag=0, nameCn=电源学报, nameEn=Journal of Power Supply, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=2095-2805, eissn=, cn=12-1420/TM, coden=null, periodic=bio-monthly, language=CN, oaType=是, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=Mx+A2dn+ULnPHuEAI1LruQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=J Power Supp, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1759802942253, createdBy=null, updatedBy=18614031015, firstLetterCn=J, firstLetterEn=J, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=工程, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=Mx+A2dn+ULnPHuEAI1LruQ==, picEn=yHt2vwjzkDgqh+JDCfJKoQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1162453073839375337, language=CN, name=电源学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.jops.cn/EN/home, createdTime=1755080010137, updatedTime=1755080010137, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.jops.cn/CN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionReviewUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1162453073902289898, language=EN, name=Journal of Power Supply, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.jops.cn/CN/home, createdTime=1755080010152, updatedTime=1755080010152, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://www.jops.cn/EN/column/column7.shtml, submissionAuthorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionReviewUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionCeEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, submissionAeEditorUrl=https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/jops, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146031654075715584, websiteList=[Website(id=1146832214672683008, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031654075715584, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1751355707101, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753435268747, updateBy=18614031015, name=电源学报-英文站点, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=电源学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155559379819679852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753436425404, updateTime=1753436425404, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155559379798708329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753436425399, updateTime=1753436425399, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155559379781931112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=efYTu4aDDzS8GgTA1MjEKw==, createTime=1753436425396, updateTime=1753436425396, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155559379811291243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1753436425402, updateTime=1753436425402, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155559379802902634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1146832214672683008, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1753436425400, updateTime=1753436425400, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1148243202240405915, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146031654075715584, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751692112741, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753435242839, updateBy=18614031015, name=电源学报-中文站点, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=电源学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1148618015060553758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1751781475081, updateTime=1751781475081, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148618015035387931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1751781475075, updateTime=1751781475075, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148618015022805018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=efYTu4aDDzS8GgTA1MjEKw==, createTime=1751781475072, updateTime=1751781475072, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148618015052165149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1751781475079, updateTime=1751781475079, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1148618015043776540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202240405915, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1751781475077, updateTime=1751781475077, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=电源学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.jops.cn/CN/home, iacademicId=null, status=0, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Journal of Power Supply, journalPhotoCn=Mx+A2dn+ULnPHuEAI1LruQ==, journalPhotoEn=yHt2vwjzkDgqh+JDCfJKoQ==, journalFirstLetter=J, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=null, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.2.96, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/EN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.2.96, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN/PDF/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.2.96, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/EN/PDF/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.2.96, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
一种应用于MMC的具有较高次环流抑制功能的改进载波移相调制策略
收藏切换
PDF下载
董一诺 , 白志红
电源学报 | 建模与控制 2025,23(2): 96-104
收起
收藏切换
电源学报 | 建模与控制 2025, 23(2): 96-104
一种应用于MMC的具有较高次环流抑制功能的改进载波移相调制策略
全屏
董一诺 , 白志红
作者信息
  • 浙江大学电气工程学院,杭州 310027
  • 董一诺(1997— ),男,硕士研究生。研究方向:电力电子与电力传动。E-mail:

通讯作者:

白志红(1980— ),女,中国电源学会会员,博士,副教授。研究方向:多电平变流器及其控制技术、新能源发电并网控制技术。E-mail:
Improved Carrier Phase-shifted Modulation Strategy Applied to MMC with Higher-order Circulating Current Suppression Function
Yinuo DONG , Zhihong BAI
Affiliations
  • College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
出版时间: 2025-03-30 doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.2.96
文章导航
收藏切换

模块化多电平换流器MMC(modular multilevel converter)采用传统载波移相脉宽调制策略时附加的子模块电容电压平衡策略,会导致MMC每相电路中投入的子模块数量出现高频跳动。因此,桥臂电感上会出现很大的感应脉冲电压,进而产生较高频率的环流谐波,从而增加元器件的电压和电流应力。在研究传统载波移相调制策略及其在MMC中应用问题的基础上,对其实现过程进行改进,以保证在任意时刻MMC每相电路中投入的子模块数量恒定,从而避免上述问题。对所提改进载波移相调制策略进行详细分析,并给出相应的电容电压平衡控制策略。仿真和实验结果表明,采用改进载波移相调制策略后,桥臂环流幅值得到降低。

模块化多电平换流器  /  载波移相调制  /  电容电压平衡  /  高次环流抑制

When a modular multilevel converter (MMC) adopts the traditional carrier phase-shifted pulse width modulation strategy, the additional capacitor voltage balance strategy for submodules will cause the number of submodules in each phase circuit of the MMC to jump at a high frequency. Therefore, a large induced pulse voltage will appear on the inductance of the bridge arm, which will generate a high-frequency harmonic circulating current, thereby increasing the voltage and current stress of components. Based on the study of the traditional carrier phase-shifted modulation strategy and its application to the MMC, the implementation process is improved to ensure that the number of submodules in each phase circuit of the MMC is constant at any time, so as to avoid the above problems. The improved carrier phase-shifted modulation strategy is analyzed in detail, and the corresponding capacitor voltage balance control strategy is given. Simulation and experimental results show that the circulating current amplitude of the bridge arm is reduced after adopting the improved carrier phase-shifted modulation strategy.

Modular multilevel converter (MMC)  /  carrier phase-shifted modulation  /  capacitor voltage balance  /  high-order circulating current suppression
董一诺, 白志红. 一种应用于MMC的具有较高次环流抑制功能的改进载波移相调制策略. 电源学报, 2025 , 23 (2) : 96 -104 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.2.96
Yinuo DONG, Zhihong BAI. Improved Carrier Phase-shifted Modulation Strategy Applied to MMC with Higher-order Circulating Current Suppression Function[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2025 , 23 (2) : 96 -104 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.2.96
模块化多电平换流器MMC(modular multilevel converter)因为具有模块化、可拓展性强、输出电压质量好等诸多优势而备受关注,被认为是未来一段时间内最具潜力的应用于中高压场合的电力电子变换拓扑之一[1-2]。同时,MMC在中高压电机驱动、新能源(如风电、太阳能)并网、新能源汽车充电及制造新型脉冲发生器等领域的应用也开始被关注研究[3-7]
MMC的调制策略是其进行良好运行的基础,对MMC输出电压的质量及MMC系统的稳定性有着最直接的影响。目前,常用于MMC的调制策略有最近电平逼近调制NLM(nearest level modulation)策略、空间矢量调制SVPWM(space vector pulse width modulation)策略、多载波脉宽调制策略[8-15]。其中,多载波脉宽调制策略又包括载波层叠脉宽调制LS-PWM(level-shifted pulse width modulation)策略及载波移相调制CPS-PWM(carrier phase-shifted pulse width modulation)策略。NLM是利用阶梯波瞬时值来逼近正弦基准电压,原理简单,但其比较适用于子模块SM(submodule)数量较多的情况,在SM数量较少的情况下,输出电压波形的阶梯数过少会导致输出波形低频谐波含量大,波形畸变严重[8-10]。SVPWM主要是用最近的空间电压矢量来逼近电压调制波,但电压空间矢量的合成过程较为复杂,且当SM数量变多时,空间矢量合成的复杂度会急剧增加,因此其不适用于高压大功率系统[11]。采用LS-PWM时,SM的开关频率及功率与对应的载波相关,载波不同,SM开关频率及功率会有很大差异,从而造成很大的SM电容电压纹波及SM功率不均衡问题[12-13]。采用CPS-PWM时,理想情况下,各SM的开关频率和功率分配可以实现均衡,但由于实际电路参数差异等影响,系统通常还需要附加SM电容电压均衡闭环控制,导致每相桥臂投入的SM总数量将随着开关切换过程而出现较高频率的变化,与此同时产生很大的桥臂电感电压,进而出现较高频率的桥臂环流谐波,影响系统整体性能[14-15]。现有的桥臂环流抑制技术可分为软件类和硬件类,主要针对的是二倍频环流[16-18]。基于软件的环流抑制技术通常需要在调制波上叠加共模分量,但该共模分量会占据一定的调制比,这在一定程度上造成了输出容量的损失[16-17]。基于硬件的环流抑制方法有增大桥臂电感和增加LC滤波电路2种。增大桥臂电感的方法会增加硬件成本,且效果有限;增加LC滤波电路仅能针对特定频率的桥臂环流成分,如文献[18]通过增加二阶LC滤波电路来抑制环流中的二倍频成分,但对较高次环流谐波无法进行有效抑制。
本文在分析传统CPS-PWM技术在MMC中应用问题的基础上,提出了1种改进的CPS-PWM策略,并给出了相应的SM电容电压平衡策略及桥臂电压平均策略。所提策略不仅可以有效抑制传统环流抑制方法无法抑制的较高次环流谐波,还不会造成输出容量的损失。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真及实物平台进行实验,对所提策略的正确性及优越性进行了验证。
三相MMC拓扑如图1所示,每相有上、下2个桥臂,每个桥臂拥有N(N=1, 2, 3,…)个SM和1个桥臂电感。图中:${U}_{\text{dc}}$为直流侧母线电压;${i}_{\text{dc}}$为直流侧母线电流;${u}_{\text{ap}}、{u}_{\text{an}}$分别为A相上、下桥臂电压;${i}_{\text{ap}}、{i}_{\text{an}}$分别为A相上、下桥臂电流;${L}_{0}$为桥臂电感;${U}_{\text{c}}$为电容电压;${\text{T}}_{\text{1}}、{\text{T}}_{\text{2}}$分别为上、下IGBT开关管;M为三相负载。SM有多种结构形式,本文以半桥SM结构为例。通过控制2个IGBT的导通或关断可以控制每个SM投入或切出电路。当${\text{T}}_{\text{1}}$导通而${\text{T}}_{\text{2}}$关断时,SM投入电路对外输出电容电压${U}_{\text{c}}$;当${\text{T}}_{\text{1}}$关断而${\text{T}}_{\text{2}}$导通时,SM切出电路对外输出电压为0。任一时刻,每相投入SM总数量恒定为N,从而维持SM电容电压和直流电压的稳定。
当MMC采用载波移相PWM策略时,根据上、下桥臂载波相位是否相同可以分为2种调制方式:2N+1电平调制方式和N+1电平调制方式[19]。2N+1电平调制方式通过上、下桥臂SM开关动作时间错位,使某一时刻投入电路的SM数量在N-1、NN+1之间变换,从而使输出电压可达到2N+1电平数,但由于投入运行的SM数量不恒定,由此产生的电压差由桥臂电感来承担,从而引起额外的桥臂环流。采用N+1电平调制方式时,在理想情况下,上、下桥臂SM开关动作同步,可以保证任一时刻投入运行的SM数量为N,桥臂电感电压很小且不会引起较大桥臂环流,SM电容电压平衡效果较好。因此,本文采用N+1电平调制方式,上、下桥臂SM开关动作时间相同。以每个桥臂SM数量N=4为例,传统CPS-PWM的具体实现过程如图2所示,图中:${C}_{\text{p1}},\text{ }{C}_{\text{p2}},\text{ }\cdots,\text{ }{C}_{\text{p}N}$为上桥臂各个SM对应的载波;${C}_{\text{n}1},\text{ }{C}_{\text{n}2},\text{ }\cdots,\text{ }{C}_{\text{n}N}$为下桥臂各个SM对应的载波;θ${C}_{\text{p1}},\text{ }{C}_{\text{p2}},\text{ }\cdots,\text{ }{C}_{\text{p}N}$${C}_{\text{n}1},\text{ }{C}_{\text{n}2},\text{ }\cdots,\text{ }{C}_{\text{n}N}$的相位差,此时θ=0。可见,对于拥有4个SM的桥臂,1个桥臂需要4列频率相同但相位互差π/2的载波。每个SM的控制信号由调制波与相应载波比较得到,若调制波幅值大于载波幅值,则控制对应的SM投入电路,反之则将对应的SM切出电路。
采用CPS-PWM技术时,由于载波之间的移相,各SM的平均接入时间并不相等,同时考虑到实际电路元器件参数差异的影响,在MMC实际运行时各SM电容电压常出现不平衡情况,因此还需要附加电容电压平衡策略。图3为在载波移相调制策略下采用的1种典型的电容电压平衡策略。图中:${u}_{\text{c}i}$为每个SM的电容电压实际值;${U}_{\text{dc}}\text{/}N$为其参考理想值;$\Delta {u}_{\text{c}i}$为SM电容电压偏差值;${k}_{\text{p}}$为比例调节器控制系数;$\Delta {u}_{\text{c}i}^{*}$为SM调制波校正量;${u}_{\text{ref}}$为初始调制波;${u}_{i\mathrm{ref}}^{*}$为SM调制波;${i}_{\text{arm}}$为桥臂电流。可以看出,每个SM电容电压与参考电压值进行比较,经过比例调节器,调节器输出量结合桥臂电流方向叠加到初始调制波${u}_{\text{ref}}$上,从而生成最终的SM调制波${u}_{i\mathrm{ref}}^{*}$,进而完成后续的CPS-PWM。
显然,由于传统CPS-PWM策略附加了电容电压平衡环节,各SM的调制波将不再完全一致。虽然文献[20]中已经分析过此种电压平衡方式不会改变桥臂电压的主要输出特性,但是该文献并未提到由于各SM载波相位不一致,在小于1个载波周期的时间段内桥臂的输出电压还是会有所变化。
基于上述分析,在传统CPS-PWM下,每个SM的开关函数可以表示为
${S}_{i}=\text{}\text{}\text{}\left\{\begin{array}{c}1\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }{u}_{\text{ref}}\text{ }⩾\text{ }{u}_{\text{carrier }}\text{ }\\ 0\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }{u}_{\text{ref}}<{u}_{\text{carrier }}\text{  }\end{array}\right.\text{}\text{}\text{}\text{}\text{}\text{}\text{}\text{}$
式中,${u}_{\text{carrier}}$为SM载波。
每个SM的输出电压${u}_{\text{sm}i}$与其电容电压的关系可以表示为
${u}_{\text{sm}i}={S}_{i}{u}_{\text{c}i}\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }i=1,\text{ }2,\text{ }\cdots,\text{ }2N$
采用CPS-PWM的N+1电平调制,即当图2中的θ=π时,上、下桥臂对应SM的载波相角相差180°。由于上、下桥臂的调制波及载波的相位均相差180°,故在理想情况下,上、下桥臂对应SM开关信号互补。当上桥臂某个SM投入电路时,下桥臂对应位置的SM必定切出电路;当上桥臂某个SM切出电路时,下桥臂对应位置的SM必定投入电路。其关系式为
${S}_{i}\text{ }+{S}_{(N+i)}\text{ }=\text{1}\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }i=1,\text{ }2,\text{ }\cdots,\text{ }N$
${\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{2N}{S}_{i\text{ }}\text{}\text{}\text{}=N}$
考虑桥臂电感的影响时,根据图1电路可得
$L\frac{\text{d}{i}_{j\text{p}}}{\text{d}t}\text{+}L\frac{\text{d}{i}_{j\text{n}}}{\text{d}t}={U}_{\text{dc}}-{\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{2N}{S}_{i}{u}_{\text{c}i}}\text{}\text{}$
式中:L为桥臂电感;${i}_{j}{}_{\text{p}}、{i}_{j}{}_{\text{n}}$(j=a, b, c)分别为某一相上、下桥臂电流。
在忽略SM电容电压波动的情况下,${u}_{\text{c}i}=$${U}_{\text{dc}}\text{/}N$,因此式(5)左侧为0,即桥臂电感上电压为0。
当考虑电容电压平衡策略时,每个SM的开关函数可以表示为
${S}_{i}{}^{*}=\left\{\begin{array}{l}\text{1}\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }{u}_{\text{ref}}+\text{Δ}{u}_{\text{c}i}^{*}\text{ }⩾\text{ }{u}_{\text{carrier}}\\ \text{0}\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }{u}_{\text{ref}}+\text{Δ}{u}_{\text{c}i}^{*}<{u}_{\text{carrier}}\end{array}\right.\text{}\text{}\text{}\text{}\text{}\text{}\text{}\text{}$
则式(5)可改写为
$L \frac{\mathrm{~d} i_{j \mathrm{p}}}{\mathrm{~d} t}+L \frac{\mathrm{~d} i_{j \mathrm{n}}}{\mathrm{~d} t}=U_{\mathrm{dc}}-\sum_{i=1}^{2 N} S_{i}^{*} u_{\mathrm{c} i}$
uci=Udc/N的情况下,结合式(4)和式(7)可以得到电感电压表达式为
$u_{L}=\frac{1}{2}\left(L \frac{\mathrm{~d} i_{j \mathrm{p}}}{\mathrm{~d} t}+L \frac{\mathrm{~d} i_{j \mathrm{n}}}{\mathrm{~d} t}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\sum_{i=1}^{2 N} S_{i}-\sum_{i=1}^{2 N} S_{i}^{*}\right) \frac{U_{\mathrm{dc}}}{N}$
由于$\Delta {u}_{\text{c}i}^{*}$与每个SM电容电压水平有关,是1个高速变化的随机量,因此MMC在考虑电容电压平衡策略后的开关函数之和与理想运行情况下的开关函数之和不再相等,即
${\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{2N}{S}_{i}^{*}\ne {\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{2N}{S}_{i}\text{ }\text{}\text{}\text{}}}$
由式(8)和式(9)可知,投入电路的SM数量${\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{2N}{S}_{i}{}^{*}}$会发生变化,进而在桥臂电感上产生感应电压${u}_{L}$。同时,投入电路的SM数量变化频率与载波频率${f}_{\text{c}}$有关,${f}_{\text{c}}$越高,${\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{2N}{S}_{i}{}^{*}}$变化越快,产生的${u}_{L}$频率也就越高。由此可以得到桥臂电感感应电压${u}_{L}$表达式为
${u}_{L}=\left(N\text{}-\text{}{\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{2N}{S}_{i}{}^{*}}\right)\frac{{U}_{\text{dc}}}{2N}$
由式(10)可知,基于传统CPS-PWM的MMC桥臂电感电压幅值最小为${U}_{\text{dc}}\text{/}2N$,即SM电容额定电压的50%(当$N\text{}-\text{}{\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{2N}{S}_{i}{}^{*}}=1$时)。SM数量N越小,SM电容额定电压越大,桥臂电感电压数值也就可能越大。当SM电容电压不平衡程度加剧,即出现$N\text{}-\text{}{\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{2N}{S}_{i}{}^{*}}=2\text{,}\text{ }3\cdots $时,会在桥臂电感上感应出更大的电压。
图1中MMC的拓扑结构及式(8)、式(10)可以推导出环流表达式为
${i}_{\text{cir}}=\frac{{i}_{j\text{p}}+{i}_{j\text{n}}}{2}=\frac{1}{L}{\displaystyle \int {u}_{L}}=\frac{1}{L}{\displaystyle \int \left(N\text{}-\text{}{\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{2N}{S}_{i}{}^{*}}\right)\frac{{U}_{\text{dc}}}{2N}}$
由式(11)可知,基于传统CPS-PWM的MMC桥臂环流会受到桥臂电感电压及桥臂电感大小的影响。在相同电压等级下,SM数量N越小,桥臂电感电压可能越大,由此产生的桥臂环流变化率也越大,进而桥臂电流的畸变也将更加严重。
针对上述问题,本文提出1种改进的CPS-PWM策略,其调制原理框图如图4所示。图中:${e}_{j}{}_{\text{ref}}$为输出参考电压,与直流母线电压${U}_{\text{dc}}$生成SM公共参考调制波${u}_{j}{}_{\text{pref}}$$\Delta {u}_{j}{}_{\text{p}k}\left(k=1,\text{ }2,\text{ }\cdots,\text{ }N\right)$为根据SM电容电压平衡控制策略计算出的附加量,其与${u}_{j}{}_{\text{pref}}$叠加生成最终的SM调制波;${u}_{\text{cp}jk}、{u}_{\text{cn}jk}$分别为上、下桥臂各个SM电容电压。采用该策略,任一时刻投入电路的SM数量可以严格控制为N,从而消除了因为投入SM数量变化导致的桥臂电感高频感应脉冲电压,抑制了因此而产生的桥臂环流。由图4可见,MMC中三相各有1个桥臂采用传统CPS-PWM方法来计算SM的控制信号,与传统CPS-PWM方法不同的是,另外3个桥臂投入SM的数量由互补法则计算产生。以A相为例,某一时刻A相上桥臂采用CPS-PWM策略进行控制,并实时计算上桥臂投入SM的数量${N}_{\text{p}}$,再由${N}_{\text{n}}=N-{N}_{\text{p}}$计算出下桥臂应投入电路的SM数量${N}_{\text{n}}$,即可保证MMC一相电路中投入SM的数量恒定为N。在硬件平台具体实现时,FPGA芯片在第1个系统时钟脉冲周期${T}_{\text{clk}}$内进行上、下桥臂SM控制信号的计算,在紧接着的下一个系统时钟脉冲周期${T}_{\text{clk}}$内根据SM的控制信号对SM进行投入或者切出。这样就保证了上、下桥臂SM控制信号不会因为计算延时而出现不同步现象,进而保证了${N}_{\text{p}}+{N}_{\text{n}}=N$的实时性。由CPS-PWM的N+1电平调制技术原理分析可知,上、下桥臂SM投切信号是互补的,任一时刻投入电路SM数量之和为N。因此,本文所提改进CPS-PWM与传统CPS-PWM技术的理想输出性能完全一致,不会改变其电压输出特性。
针对所提改进调制方式,本文也给出了相应的电容电压均衡策略,如图4所示。图中,上桥臂的SM采用图3所示的电容电压闭环平衡控制策略;下桥臂采用基于电容电压排序的方法。具体原理是:在计算出下桥臂应该投入的SM数量${N}_{\text{n}}$后,若下桥臂电流方向为正,即下桥臂SM电容处于充电状态,则根据SM电容电压排序结果选择电压最低的${N}_{\text{n}}$个SM投入;若下桥臂电流方向为负,即下桥臂SM电容处于放电状态,则根据SM电容电压排序结果选择电压最高的${N}_{\text{n}}$个SM投入。考虑到上、下桥臂控制策略差异会导致实际开关切换频率不一致,从而使开关损耗不一致,不利于MMC长时间稳定运行。为了解决此问题,使MMC上、下桥臂工作状态在长时间运行时保持一致,本文还给出了对应的桥臂电压平均策略,即选择合适的周期T对MMC三相上、下桥臂所采取的不同调制策略进行周期性交换。应该指出的是,交换周期T过长时,难以保证上、下桥臂工作状态的一致性;交换周期T过短时,根据文献[21]可知,无法找到不增加额外开关动作的最佳轮换时刻。因此通过仿真和实验验证,在本文所选实验参数下,取1个调制波周期T=0.02 s时,MMC运行状态较好。此外,交换上、下桥臂调制策略时,可能会导致额外的开关动作。为了减少这种影响,可参考文献[21]中最佳轮换时刻寻找算法的思想,找到最佳交换时刻。同样以单桥臂4个SM的MMC为例,当设定交换时刻${S}_{j}{}_{\text{p1}}{S}_{j}{}_{p2}{S}_{j}{}_{p3}{S}_{j}{}_{\text{p4}}=1111$或者0000(1代表对应SM投入电路,0代表对应SM切出电路)时,可知交换策略不会造成额外的开关动作。
为验证本文所提改进CPS-PWM策略及其匹配的电压均衡策略的可行性和有效性,基于MATLAB/ Simulink搭建MMC模型进行仿真,模型具体参数见表1
图5所示为传统CPS-PWM的部分仿真波形。由图5(a)可见,桥臂间环流较大,幅值达到了0.28 A,使桥臂电流增大,增加了桥臂应力和能耗。图5(b)为输出电压波形及其谐波分析,可见,当MMC工作在50 Hz情况下,没有经过额外的滤波装置,输出电压出现轻微畸变。
图6为本文所提改进CPS-PWM的部分仿真波形。由图6(a)可见,幅值降低到0.16 A,相比传统CPS-PWM技术降幅达到40%,大大降低了桥臂间的环流。图6(b)为输出电压波形及其谐波分析,可见,当MMC工作在50 Hz情况下,没有经过额外的滤波装置,输出电压呈现较好的正弦特性。THD在误差允许范围内,改进CPS-PWM与传统CPS- PWM表现相似,因此改进CPS-PWM不会改变输出电压谐波特性,与前文理论分析一致。
为验证所提调制策略的有效性,本文搭建了1套三相MMC实验平台,如图7所示。采用数字信号处理芯片DSP(型号TMS320F28335)作为系统级控制器,每相处理器采用FPGA(型号EP3C16Q240C8N),系统参数见表2
图8图9分别为传统CPS-PWM和改进CPS-PWM在阻性负载情况下,A相无直流成分的桥臂电流和桥臂环流波形及A相输出电压波形。
图8(a)可见,采用传统CPS-PWM策略时MMC环流幅值较大,为0.83 A;由图8(b)可见,当MMC工作在50 Hz情况下,没有经过额外的滤波装置,负载电压畸变较大。由图9(a)可见,采用改进CPS- PWM策略时,MMC桥臂环流幅值经测量为0.58 A,相比传统CPS-PWM策略减小了30%,与仿真相符;由图9(b)可见,当MMC工作在50 Hz情况下,没有经过额外的滤波装置,负载电压THD=3.06%,呈现较好的正弦特性。
图10图11分别为传统CPS-PWM和改进CPS-PWM在阻感性负载情况下的实验波形,桥臂环流幅值仍然分别为0.83 A和0.58 A,与阻性负载情况下的结果相同,说明改进CPS-PWM在阻感性负载条件下也能较好地发挥抑制较高次环流的作用。
针对MMC应用场合,本文提出了1种具有较高次环流谐波抑制功能的改进CPS-PWM策略,并给出了相应的SM电容电压均衡策略。该策略从本质上解决了传统CPS-PWM策略在MMC中应用时存在的问题。采用本文所提策略,在附加带有闭环反馈的SM电容电压均衡策略的情况下,MMC任一时刻投入电路的SM数量仍然能严格控制为N,避免了MMC在采用传统CPS-PWM和闭环反馈策略时,因投入SM数量变化导致的过大桥臂电感感应脉冲电压,进而引起较大相间环流这一问题,减小了桥臂损耗。与传统环流抑制策略相比,本文方法能有效抑制MMC桥臂环流中存在的较高次谐波成分,并且由于没有在桥臂调制波上引入共模分量,该方法不会造成MMC输出容量的损失。通过仿真和实验验证了所提方法的有效性。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51877194)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Ma Dajun, Chen Wu, Shu Liangcai, et al. A multiport power electronic transformer based on modular multilevel converter and mixed-frequency modulation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 2019, 67(7): 1284-1288.
[2]
Fan Boran, Li Yongdong, Wang Kui, et al. Hierarchical system design and control of an MMC-based power- electronic transformer[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2017, 13(1): 238-247.
[3]
杨晓峰, 陶海波, 游小杰, 等. 应用于矿井提升机系统的超级电容储能型MMC[J]. 电源学报, 2020, 18(1): 96-103.
Yang Xiaofeng, Tao Haibo, You Xiaojie, et al. Super capacitor energy storage based MMC applied to mine hoist system[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2020, 18(1): 96-103. (in Chinese)
[4]
银泽一, 王广柱, 程振兴. 基于模块化多电平变换器的插电式混合电动汽车系统充电控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(6): 1316-1326.
Yin Zeyi, Wang Guangzhu, Cheng Zhenxing. Charge control strategy of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle system based on modular multilevel converter[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(6): 1316-1326. (in Chinese)
[5]
武鸿, 王跃, 刘熠, 等. 基于广义电容电压不平衡度的MMC子模块开路故障诊断策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(14): 3909-3922.
Wu Hong, Wang Yue, Liu Yi, et al. Open circuit fault diagnosis strategy of MMC sub-module based on generalized capacitor voltage unbalance[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(14): 3909-3922. (in Chinese)
[6]
姚景昆, 齐山成, 柴世俊. 中压电机驱动系统前端并网MMC共模电压抑制[J]. 电源学报, 2024, 22(6): 280-287.
Yao Jingkun, Qi Shancheng, Chai Shijun. Grid-connected MMC common-mode voltage suppression at front end of medium-voltage motor driving system[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2024, 22(6): 280-287. (in Chinese)
[7]
薛国清, 贵献国, 李雄. 适用于HVDC和HVAC高效稳定互联的MMC双端口电网形成控制[J]. 电源学报, 2024, 22(3): 287-297.
Xue Guoqing, Gui Xianguo, Li Xiong. MMC dual-port grid-forming control for efficient and stable interconnect- tion of HVDC and HVAC[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2024, 22(3): 287-297. (in Chinese)
[8]
Wang Yi, Hu Can, Ding Ruoyu, et al. A nearest level PWM method for the MMC in DC distribution grids[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2018, 33(11): 9209-9218.
[9]
Shen Ke, Wang Shaozhe, Zhao Dan, et al. A discrete-time low-frequency-ratio nearest level modulation strategy for modular multilevel converters with small number of power modules[J]. IEEE Access, 2019, 7: 25792-25803.
[10]
武鸿, 王跃, 薛英林, 等. 适用多功率的最近电平调制下MMC子模块开路故障诊断策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(1): 233-245.
Wu Hong, Wang Yue, Xue Yinglin, et al. A diagnosis strategy for open-circuit submodule faults in MMCs under nearst level modulation suitable for different powers[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(1): 233-245. (in Chinese)
[11]
Amiri M, Milimonfared J, Khaburi D A. Predictive torque control implementation for induction motors based on discrete space vector modulation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2018, 65(9): 6881-6889.
[12]
白志红, 周玉虎. 模块化多电平换流器的载波层叠脉宽调制策略分析与改进[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42(21): 139-144.
Bai Zhihong, Zhou Yuhu. Analysis and improvement on carrier level-shifted pulse width modulation strategy for modular multilevel converter[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(21): 139-144. (in Chinese)
[13]
McGrath B P, Teixeira C A, Holmes D G. Optimized phase disposition (PD) modulation of a modular multilevel converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2017, 53(5): 4624-4633.
[14]
魏新伟, 何志兴, 徐千鸣, 等. 载波移相调制模块化多电平换流器双均压系数电压平衡方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(24): 7314-7325, 7458.
Wei Xinwei, He Zhixing, Xu Qianming, et al. Dual voltage-sharing coefficients voltage balance method for modular multilevel converter with carrier phase shifted modulation[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(24): 7314-7325, 7458. (in Chinese)
[15]
Li Binbin, Yang Rongfeng, Xu Dandan, et al. Analysis of the phase-shifted carrier modulation for modular multilevel converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2015, 30(1): 297-310.
[16]
杨晓峰, 李泽杰, 郑琼林. 基于虚拟阻抗滑模控制的MMC环流抑制策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(23): 6893-6904, 7123.
Yang Xiaofeng, Li Zejie, Zheng Trillion Q. A novel MMC circulating current suppressing strategy based on virtual impedance sliding mode control[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(23): 6893-6904, 7123. (in Chinese)
[17]
Ji Huali, Chen Alian, Liu Qi, et al. A new circulating current suppressing control strategy for modular multilevel converters[C]// 2017 36th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). Dalian, China, 2017: 9151-9156.
[18]
石绍磊. 模块化多电平换流器的环流抑制与建模[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2017.
Shi Shaolei. Circulating current suppression and modeling of modular multilevel converter[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2017. (in Chinese)
[19]
王思蕴. 模块化多电平变流器控制方法的研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2013.
Wang Siyun. Research on control methods of modular multilevel converter[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2013. (in Chinese)
[20]
李笑倩, 宋强, 刘文华, 等. 采用载波移相调制的模块化多电平换流器电容电压平衡控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2012, 32(9): 49-55, 9.
Li Xiaoqian, Song Qiang, Liu Wenhua, et al. Capacitor voltage balancing control by using carrier phase-shift modulation of modular multilevel converters[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(9): 49-55, 9. (in Chinese)
[21]
夏弘深. 模块化多电平变换器多载波调制策略及其电容电压平衡技术的研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2019.
Xia Hongshen. Research on multi-carrier modulation strategies and capacitor voltage balancing technology of modular multilevel converter[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2019. (in Chinese)
2025年第23卷第2期
PDF下载
478
189
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.2.96
  • 接收时间:2022-03-01
  • 首发时间:2025-07-01
  • 出版时间:2025-03-30
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-01
  • 修回日期:2022-06-11
  • 录用日期:2022-06-21
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51877194)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51877194)
作者信息
    浙江大学电气工程学院,杭州 310027

通讯作者:

白志红(1980— ),女,中国电源学会会员,博士,副教授。研究方向:多电平变流器及其控制技术、新能源发电并网控制技术。E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.2.96
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏