电源学报

数据中心供电架构概述与展望

PDF下载

周京华中国电源学会高级会员 , 王江博中国电源学会会员

电源学报 | 算力与通信电源 2026,24(1): 289-299

收起

电源学报 |算力与通信电源 2026 , 24 (1) : 289 -299

数据中心供电架构概述与展望

全屏

[Author(id=1321491864662954082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1321491656109568848, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zjh@ncut.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321491865011081316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1321491656109568848, authorId=1321491864662954082, language=EN, stringName=Jinghua ZHOU, firstName=Jinghua, middleName=null, lastName=ZHOU, prefix=null, suffix=Senior Member, CPSS, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321491865069801573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1321491656109568848, authorId=1321491864662954082, language=CN, stringName=周京华中国电源学会高级会员, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=北方工业大学电气与控制工程学院，北京　100144, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321491864591650910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1321491656109568848, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321491864600039519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1321491656109568848, companyId=1321491864591650910, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321491864612622432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1321491656109568848, companyId=1321491864591650910, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北方工业大学电气与控制工程学院，北京　100144)])]), Author(id=1321491865145299047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1321491656109568848, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zh@mail.ncut.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1321491865212407913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1321491656109568848, authorId=1321491865145299047, language=EN, stringName=Jiangbo WANG, firstName=Jiangbo, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=Member, CPSS, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1321491865287905386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1321491656109568848, authorId=1321491865145299047, language=CN, stringName=王江博中国电源学会会员, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=北方工业大学电气与控制工程学院，北京　100144, bio={"content":"

王江博（1997—　），男，中国电源学会会员，硕士研究生。研究方向：电力电子变换与控制。E-mail：zh@mail.ncut.edu.cn。

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

王江博（1997—　），男，中国电源学会会员，硕士研究生。研究方向：电力电子变换与控制。E-mail：zh@mail.ncut.edu.cn。

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1321491864591650910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1321491656109568848, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321491864600039519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1321491656109568848, companyId=1321491864591650910, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1321491864612622432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031654075715584, articleId=1321491656109568848, companyId=1321491864591650910, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北方工业大学电气与控制工程学院，北京　100144)])])]

周京华中国电源学会高级会员, 王江博中国电源学会会员

作者信息

北方工业大学电气与控制工程学院，北京　100144

通讯作者:

周京华（1974—　），男，中国电源学会高级会员，通信作者，博士，教授。研究方向：大功率变流技术。E-mail：zjh@ncut.edu.cn。

作者简介:

王江博（1997—　），男，中国电源学会会员，硕士研究生。研究方向：电力电子变换与控制。E-mail：zh@mail.ncut.edu.cn。

Overview and Prospect of Data Center Power Supply Architectures

Jinghua ZHOU Senior Member, CPSS, Jiangbo WANG Member, CPSS

Affiliations

School of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China

出版时间: 2026-01-30 doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.1.289

文章导航

摘要

收起

数据中心的供电系统是其关键基础设施，为数据中心所有动力驱动设备提供稳定、可靠的电源支持，以保证其正常运行。随着大数据、云计算、5G等技术的快速发展，我国数据中心的数量和规模高速增加，对供电可靠性的要求越来越高，总体电能消耗也不断增大，且由于数据中心目前所用电能主要来源于传统能源，高碳排问题愈发明显。因此，如何实现绿色、节能、低碳的供配电模式，是数据中心供电系统发展的重点。在分析数据中心供电系统典型供电架构功能和特点、介绍数据中心供电架构发展和演变的基础上，以“碳达峰、碳中和”为背景，结合数据中心供电系统发展中遇到的问题，对数据中心供电架构的未来作出了展望，为其深入研究及后续发展提供借鉴。

关键词

数据中心 / 供电系统 / 不间断电源 / 直流供电

Abstract

收起

The power supply system in a data center is its critical infrastructure, which provides stable and reliable power support for all the power-driven equipment therein to ensure itsnormal operation. With the rapid development of technologies such as big data, cloud computing and 5G, the number and scale of data centers in China are increasing rapidly, requiring higher reliability of power supply and increasing the overall power consumption. In addition, the problem of high carbon emissions is even more obvious because the data centers at present mainly use electricity from the traditional energy sources. Therefore, how to achieve a green, energy-saving and low-carbon power supply and distribution mode is the focus of the development of data center power supply systems. The functions and characteristics of typical power supply architectures of data center power supply system are analyzed, and the development and evolution of power supply architectures of data center are introduced. On this basis, “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” is taken as the background, and a prospect for the power supply architectures of data center in the future is given combined with the problems encountered in the development of power supply system of data center, providing reference for its in-depth research and subsequent development.

Key words

Data center / power supply system / uninterruptible power supply / DC power supply

引用本文

周京华中国电源学会高级会员, 王江博中国电源学会会员. 数据中心供电架构概述与展望. 电源学报, 2026 , 24 (1) : 289 -299 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.1.289

Jinghua ZHOU, Jiangbo WANG. Overview and Prospect of Data Center Power Supply Architectures[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2026 , 24 (1) : 289 -299 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.1.289

基金

收起

北京市高水平创新团队建设计划资助项目(IDHT20180502)

参考文献

收起

文献

收起

参考文献引证文献

排序方式：

[1]

臧国秀, 贾桥龙, 崔国利, 等. 浅析数据中心供配电架构[J]. 石化技术, 2020, 27(8): 119-121, 109. Zang Guoxiu, Jia Qiaolong, Cui Guoli, et al. Analysis on power supply and distribution architecture of data center[J]. Petrochemical Industry Technology, 2020, 27(8): 119-121, 109. (in Chinese)

[2]

蒋鹏, 陈鑫, 周海峰, 等. 海底数据中心用SOFC热管理方法研究[J]. 电源学报, 2025, 23(7): 171-180. Jiang Peng, Chen Xin, Zhou Haifeng, et al. Research on SOFC thermal management method for submarine data center[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2025, 23(7): 171-180. (in Chinese)

[3]

Yu Ling, Liu Piao, Li Yuqing, et al. Research on new electric power data center based on DC power supply and distribution technology[C]//2022 IEEE International Conference on Power Systems and Electrical Technology (PSET). Aalborg, Denmark, 2023: 297-302.

[4]

柏晨, 王念春, 卓青. 绿色数据中心的供电运行控制和能量管理[J]. 电源学报, 2021, 19(1): 107-114. Bai Chen, Wang Nianchun, Zhuo Qing. Power supply operation control and energy management in green data center[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2021, 19(1): 107-114. (in Chinese)

[5]

郑怀玉. 浅谈不间断UPS供电系统的可靠性[J]. 科技与创新, 2020(16): 69-70. Zheng Huaiyu. On the reliability of UPS power supply system[J]. Science and Technology & Innovation, 2020(16): 69-70. (in Chinese)

[6]

左蔚. 分布式UPS在数据中心中的运用[J]. 科技经济市场, 2021(6): 27-28. Zuo Wei. Application of distributed UPS in data center[J]. Science & Technology Ecnony Market, 2021(6): 27-28. (in Chinese)

[7]

傅军栋, 陈浩杰, 孙翔, 等. 基于EKF-Markov的UPS荷电状态预测与健康管理系统[J]. 电源学报, 2024, 22(6): 225-233. Fu Jundong, Chen Haojie, Sun Xiang, et al. SOC prediction and health management system of UPS based on EKF-Markov[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2024, 22(6): 225-233. (in Chinese)

[8]

Al-Harbi A, Al-Jwesm F, Al-Howeish Y. Improving efficiency, reliability and life-time cost of data centers using DC technology[C]//2019 IEEE Third International Conference on DC Microgrids (ICDCM). Matsue, Japan, 2020: 1-5.

[9]

高岩丛. 数据中心不间断电源系统分析对比[J]. 长江信息通信, 2021, 34(10): 163-165. Gao Yancong. Analysis and comparison of uninterruptible power supply system in data center[J]. Changjiang Information & Communications, 2021, 34(10): 163-165. (in Chinese)

[10]

龙利华, 李怀强. 高压直流电源系统在数据中心的应用[J]. 电子技术, 2021, 50(8): 262-263. Long Lihua, Li Huaiqiang. Application of high voltage DC power supply system in data center[J]. Electronic Technology, 2021, 50(8): 262-263. (in Chinese)

[11]

余斌, 胥飞飞, 李善策. “双碳”背景下数据中心高压直流供电的标准与实践[J]. 互联网天地, 2021(6): 54-58. Yu Bin, Xu Feifei, Li Shance. Standard and practice of high voltage DC power supply in data center under the background of “double carbon”[J]. China Internet, 2021(6): 54-58. (in Chinese)

[12]

Qi Shuguang, Sun Wenbo, Wu Yapan. Comparative analysis on different architectures of power supply system for data center and telecom center[C]//2017 IEEE International Telecommunications Energy Conference (INTELEC). Broadbeach, QLD, Australia, 2017: 26-29.

[13]

李忠坤. 高压直流供电系统中不间断电源的研究与设计[D]. 南京: 东南大学, 2017. Li Zhongkun. Research and design on the uninterruptible power supply in high voltage DC power supply system[D]. Nanjing: Southeast University, 2017. (in Chinese)

[14]

Shrestha B R, Tamrakar U, Hansen T M, et al. Efficiency and reliability analyses of AC and 380 V DC distribution in data centers[J]. IEEE Access, 2018, 6: 63305-63315.

[15]

闫德生. 高压直流336 V电源系统设计探讨[J]. 通信电源技术, 2018, 35(1): 159-160. Yan Desheng. Discussion on the design of high voltage DC 336 V power supply system[J]. Telecom Power Technology, 2018, 35(1): 159-160. (in Chinese)

[16]

Zhou Miaoxian, Guo Fang, Wen An, et al. Comparison of harmonics between Panama power supply and traditional AC UPS power supply system[C]//2022 7th Asia Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering (ACPEE). Hangzhou, China, 2022: 1744-1748.

[17]

Chen Yenan, Shi Keyan, Chen Min, et al. Data center power supply systems: From grid edge to point-of-load[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2023, 11(3): 2441-2456.

[18]

丁聪, 叶新平. 数据中心巴拿马电源技术应用探讨[J]. 智能建筑电气技术, 2021, 15(1): 67-72. Ding Cong, Ye Xinping. Exploration of Panama power technology applications for data center[J]. Electrical Technology of Intelligent Buildings, 2021, 15(1): 67-72. (in Chinese)

[19]

张文利, 徐坚, 王丽. 数据中心巴拿马电源系统架构应用研究[J]. 通信电源技术, 2020, 37(13): 28-31, 34. Zhang Wenli, Xu Jian, Wang Li. Applied research of Panama power system in data center[J]. Telecom Power Technologies, 2020, 37(13): 28-31, 34. (in Chinese)

[20]

张震, 黄伟男. “双碳”目标下的数据中心低压配电系统供电方案选择[J]. 电气时代, 2023(1): 24-28. Zhang Zhen, Huang Weinan. Power supply scheme selection of low-voltage distribution system in data center under the goal of “double carbon”[J]. Electric Age, 2023(1): 24-28. (in Chinese)

[21]

邹常跃, 韦嵘晖, 冯俊杰, 等. 柔性直流输电发展现状及应用前景[J]. 南方电网技术, 2022, 16(3): 1-7. Zou Changyue, Wei Ronghui, Feng Junjie, et al. Development status and application prospect of VSC-HVDC[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2022, 16(3): 1-7. (in Chinese)

[22]

Cai H, Wang G, Xie Z, et al. Research on the application of flexible direct-current transmission technology in the system planning integrated with large scale of offshore wind farms[J]. IET Conference Proceedings, 2021, 2020(1): 339-343.

[23]

陈冰, 伦振坚, 张学昶, 等. 面向数据中心的柔性直流配电系统多目标综合评估[J]. 高电压技术, 2022, 48(10): 3987-3995. Chen Bing, Lun Zhenjian, Zhang Xuechang, et al. Multi-objective comprehensive evaluation method of flexible DC distribution system for data center application scenarios[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2022, 48(10): 3987-3995. (in Chinese)

[24]

吕小伟. 柔性直流输电技术的应用探究[J]. 科技创新与应用, 2020, 10(13): 179-180. Lü Xiaowei. Research on the application of flexible DC transmission technology[J]. Technology Innovation and Application, 2020, 10(13): 179-180. (in Chinese)

[25]

周京华, 吴杰伟, 陈亚爱, 等. 张北阿里云数据中心柔性直流输配电系统[J]. 电气应用, 2019, 38(1): 54-58. Zhou Jinghua, Wu Jiewei, Chen Yaai, et al. Flexible DC transmission and distribution system of Zhangbei Alibaba cloud data center[J]. Electrotechnical Application, 2019, 38(1): 54-58. (in Chinese)

[26]

Ahmed K M U, Bollen M H J, Alvarez M. A review of data centers energy consumption and reliability modeling[J]. IEEE Access, 2021, 9: 152536-152563.

[27]

Li Guozhu, Sun Zixuan, Wang Qingqin, et al. China’s green data center development: Policies and carbon reduction technology path[J]. Environmental Research, 2023, 231: 116248.

[28]

Ahammed M T, Osman N, Das C, et al. Analysis of energy consumption for a hybrid green data center[C]//2022 International Conference on Innovations in Science, Engineering and Technology (ICISET). Chittagong, Bangladesh, 2022: 318-323.

[29]

中华人民共和国工业和信息化部. 新型数据中心发展三年行动计划(2021—2023年)[EB/OL]. (2021-7-14) [2023-4-12]. https://www.miit.gov.cn/zwgk/zcwj/wjfb/txy/art/2021/art_d6068e784bef47ca9cda927daa42d41e.html. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of The People’s Republic of China. A three-year action plan for the development of new data centers (2021—2023)[EB/OL]. (2021-7-14) [2023-4-12]. https://www.miit.gov.cn/zwgk/zcwj/wjfb/txy/art/2021/art_d6068e784bef47ca9cda927daa42d41e.html. (in Chinese)

[30]

侯永涛, 王蕾. “双碳”目标下数据中心供电系统发展方向探讨[J]. 邮电设计技术, 2022(12): 66-70. Hou Yongtao, Wang Lei. Discussion on development direction of power supply system in data center under “dual-carbon” target[J]. Designing Techniques of Posts and Telecommunications, 2022(12): 66-70. (in Chinese)

[31]

彭精立, 李星. 数据中心供配电节能方案分析[J]. 光源与照明, 2022(10): 240-242. Peng Jingli, Li Xing. Analysis of energy-saving scheme for power supply and distribution in data center[J]. Lamps & Lighting, 2022(10): 240-242. (in Chinese)

[32]

张言言. “碳中和”数据中心的概念、特征与实现路径[J]. 石油石化物资采购, 2021(33): 179-181. Zhang Yanyan. Concept, characteristics and realization path of “carbon neutral” data center[J]. Petroleum & Petrochemical Material Procurement, 2021(33): 179-181. (in Chinese)

[33]

Wang Shipeng, Xie Yurong, Zhang Zhongping, et al. Research on energy availability and economy coupling of distributed energy supply system in data center[C]//2020 IEEE Sustainable Power and Energy Conference (iSPEC). Chengdu, China, 2020: 1893-1898.

[34]

王琪, 杨一宇. 336 V高压直流电源与铁锂后备电池新型供电系统[J]. 信息通信, 2019, 32(10): 271-273. Wang Qi, Yang Yiyu. New power supply system of 336 V high voltage DC power supply and iron-lithium backup battery[J]. Information & Communications, 2019, 32(10): 271-273. (in Chinese)

[35]

张宏超, 黄玺. 基于336 V/240 V高压直流为基础的市电混供技术在云计算数据中心的研究[J]. 长江信息通信, 2021, 34(7): 168-170. Zhang Hongchao, Huang Xi. Hybrid power supply technology based on 336 V/240 V HVDC Research in cloud computing data center[J]. Changjiang Information &Communications, 2021, 34(7): 168-170. (in Chinese)

[36]

张军华, 刘宇. 碳达峰碳中和目标下数据中心绿色低碳发展策略[J]. 信息技术与标准化, 2021(12): 7-12, 20. Zhang Junhua, Liu Yu. Green and low-carbon developpment strategy of data center under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals[J]. Information Technology & Standardization, 2021(12): 7-12, 20. (in Chinese)

[37]

张诚, 檀志恒, 晁怀颇. “双碳”背景下数据中心氢能应用的可行性研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(6): 327-334. Zhang Cheng, Tan Zhiheng, Chao Huaipo. Feasibility study of hydrogen energy application on data center under “carbon peaking and neutralization” background[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2022, 43(6): 327-334. (in Chinese)

[38]

罗志斌, 孙潇, 孙翔, 等. 氢能与储能耦合发展的机遇与挑战[J]. 南方能源建设, 2022, 9(4): 24-31. Luo Zhibin, Sun Xiao, Sun Xiang, et al. The coupling development of hydrogen and energy storage technology: Opportunities and challenges[J]. Southern Energy Construction, 2022, 9(4): 24-31. (in Chinese)

[39]

Tan Xionghua, Luo Jinman, Yi Chunjie, et al. Containerized power data center with multi-station integration[C]//2022 12th International Conference on Power and Energy Systems (ICPES). Guangzhou, China, 2023: 662-666.

[40]

陈明会, 王春宁, 武浩. 碳化硅电力半导体器件在现代电力系统的应用及展望[J]. 通信电源技术, 2018, 35(1): 11-13. Chen Minghui, Wang Chunning, Wu Hao. Application prospect of SiC power semiconductor devices in modern systems[J]. Telecom Power Technologies, 2018, 35(1): 11-13. (in Chinese)

[41]

陈之勃, 陈永真. 碳化硅MOSFET与硅MOSFET的应用对比分析[J]. 电源学报, 2018, 16(1): 95-98. Chen Zhibo, Chen Yongzhen. Comparative analysis of applications for SiC MOSFET and silicon MOSFET[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2018, 16(1): 95-98. (in Chinese)

2026年第24卷第1期

PDF下载

引用本文

BibTeX

文章信息

doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.1.289

接收时间：2023-05-18
首发时间：2026-10-26
出版时间：2026-01-30

补充材料

相关文章

文章信息

作者

出版历史

收稿日期：2023-05-18
修回日期：2023-07-23
录用日期：2023-09-04

基金

Beijing High Level Innovation Team Construction Plan(IDHT20180502)

北京市高水平创新团队建设计划资助项目(IDHT20180502)

作者信息

北方工业大学电气与控制工程学院，北京　100144

通讯作者:

周京华（1974—　），男，中国电源学会高级会员，通信作者，博士，教授。研究方向：大功率变流技术。E-mail：zjh@ncut.edu.cn。

参考文献

分享链接

https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.1.289

分享至

全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文

BibTeX

本文的引用情况

2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

关闭全屏

BibTeX
EndNote
RefWorks
TxT