电源学报

锂离子电池硅负极断裂的相场法模拟

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张可 ¹ , 刘靖 ² , 房冉冉 ¹ , 王维 ¹

电源学报 | 电池与储能 2025,23(7): 266-273

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电源学报 |电池与储能 2025 , 23 (7) : 266 -273

锂离子电池硅负极断裂的相场法模拟

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张可¹, 刘靖², 房冉冉¹, 王维¹

作者信息

^1.山东石油化工学院智能制造与控制工程学院，东营　257061

^2.北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院，北京　100083

通讯作者:

刘靖（1965—　），女，通信作者，博士，副教授。研究方向：轧钢生产过程组织性能控制，复合板制备技术。E-mail：liujing@mater.ustb.edu.cn。

作者简介:

张可（1986—　），男，硕士，讲师。研究方向：新型锂离子电池电极材料。E-mail：158397177@qq.com。

房冉冉（1989—　），女，硕士，讲师。研究方向：空间纳米材料的力学特性。E-mail：1016272074@qq.com。

王维（1989—　），女，硕士，讲师。研究方向：材料表面处理技术。E-mail：459084179@qq.com。

Phase Field Method for Simulation of Fracture of Silicon Anode in Lithium-ion Batteries

Ke ZHANG¹, Jing LIU², Ranran FANG¹, Wei WANG¹

Affiliations

^1.School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Control Engineering, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying 257061, China

^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

出版时间: 2025-11-30 doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.7.266

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摘要

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相场断裂方法通过定义序参量来表示裂纹，利用系统最小能量变分原理得到描述裂纹发展的控制方程。通过对控制方程的推导，建立了相场理论的框架，包括基于能量原理建立相场断裂损伤演化方程和边界条件。对含缺口平板进行了拉伸和剪切模拟，断裂路径和支反力均与文献结果吻合。利用相场方法模拟了锂离子电池不同直径硅负极充电时的裂纹扩展问题，结果表明：较大直径（400 nm）硅颗粒在充电时由于表面受到较大拉应力，很快发生开裂并向内部扩展，且断裂能量释放率对裂纹扩展影响较大，能量释放率较小时，起裂点较多，裂纹密度较大；小直径（100 nm）硅颗粒在充电时内部发生断裂，且其断裂时间要早于大尺寸硅颗粒。

关键词

相场法 / 锂离子电池 / 硅纳米颗粒 / 断裂

Abstract

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In the phase field fracture method, the crack is represented by defining an order parameter, and the governing equation describing the crack development is obtained by using the minimum energy variational principle for the system. In this paper, the framework of phase field theory was established through the derivation of governing equations, including the establishment of phase field fracture damage evolution equation and boundary conditions based on the energy principle. Tensile and shear simulations were carried out on a plate with a notch, and the fracture path and support reaction were in good agreement with the results reported in the literature. The crack propagation of lithium-ion batteries with different diameters of silicon anode during charging was simulated using the phase field method. Results show that the large-diameter (400 nm) silicon particles quickly exhibit crack during charging due to the large tensile stress on their surfaces, and the crack propagates inwards. The fracture energy release rate has a great influence on the crack propagation, and a small energy release rate results in more crack initiation points and a high crack density. In comparison, internal fracture appears in small-diameter (100 nm) silicon particles during charging, and the fracture time is earlier than that of large-sized silicon particles.

Key words

Phase field method / lithium-ion battery / silicon nanoparticle / fracture

引用本文

张可, 刘靖, 房冉冉, 王维. 锂离子电池硅负极断裂的相场法模拟. 电源学报, 2025 , 23 (7) : 266 -273 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.7.266

Ke ZHANG, Jing LIU, Ranran FANG, Wei WANG. Phase Field Method for Simulation of Fracture of Silicon Anode in Lithium-ion Batteries[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2025 , 23 (7) : 266 -273 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.7.266

基金

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东营市科学发展基金资助项目(DJ20211014)

参考文献

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2025年第23卷第7期

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文章信息

doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.7.266

接收时间：2022-10-11
首发时间：2026-10-26
出版时间：2025-11-30

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出版历史

收稿日期：2022-10-11
修回日期：2023-02-27
录用日期：2023-03-07

基金

Science Development Foundation of Dongying(DJ20211014)

东营市科学发展基金资助项目(DJ20211014)

作者信息

^1.山东石油化工学院智能制造与控制工程学院，东营　257061

^2.北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院，北京　100083

通讯作者:

刘靖（1965—　），女，通信作者，博士，副教授。研究方向：轧钢生产过程组织性能控制，复合板制备技术。E-mail：liujing@mater.ustb.edu.cn。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.7.266

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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