电源学报

基于交流小信号注入的不准确馈线阻抗孤岛微网频率恢复控制策略

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胡雪凯中国电源学会会员 ¹ , 孟良 ¹ , 殷一林中国电源学会学生会员 ² , 李磊中国电源学会学生会员 ² , 王海旭中国电源学会学生会员 ² , 雷万钧中国电源学会会员 ²

电源学报 | 新型电力系统电能质量分析与控制专辑 2025,23(3): 56-66

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电源学报 |新型电力系统电能质量分析与控制专辑 2025 , 23 (3) : 56 -66

基于交流小信号注入的不准确馈线阻抗孤岛微网频率恢复控制策略

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胡雪凯中国电源学会会员¹, 孟良¹, 殷一林中国电源学会学生会员², 李磊中国电源学会学生会员², 王海旭中国电源学会学生会员², 雷万钧中国电源学会会员²

作者信息

^1.国家电网河北电力科学研究院，石家庄　050000

^2.西安交通大学电气工程学院，西安　710049

通讯作者:

雷万钧（1978—　），男，中国电源学会会员，通信作者，博士，副教授。研究方向：基于电力电子装备的主动式交直流配电网控制技术。E-mail：leiwanjun@xjtu.edu.cn。

作者简介:

胡雪凯（1987—　），男，中国电源学会会员，硕士，高级工程师。研究方向：电力系统及其自动化。E-mail：719872361@qq.com。

孟良（1985—　），男，硕士，高级工程师。研究方向：电力电子与电力传动。E-mail：15133128069@139.com。

殷一林（1999—　），男，中国电源学会学生会员，博士研究生。研究方向：微电网多构网变流器协调控制。E-mail：yyl19990513@stu.xjtu.edu.cn。

李磊（2000—　），男，中国电源学会学生会员，硕士研究生。研究方向：电能质量与谐波控制。E-mail：ll0219@stu.xjtu.edu.cn。

王海旭（2000—　），男，中国电源学会学生会员，硕士研究生。研究方向：并网变流器阻抗测量。E-mail：whx01010@stu.xjtu.edu.cn。

Frequency Restoration Control Strategy for Islanded Microgrid with Inaccurate Feeder Impedance Based on Small-AC-signal Injection

Xuekai HU Member, CPSS¹, Liang MENG¹, Yilin YIN Student Member, CPSS², Lei LI Student Member, CPSS², Haixu WANG Student Member, CPSS², Wanjun LEI Member, CPSS²

Affiliations

^1.Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050000, China

^2.School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

出版时间: 2025-05-30 doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.56

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随着国家“双碳”战略的提出，由分布式电源组成的微电网成为解决能源危机和环境污染问题的有效途径。为了提升微电网系统电能质量，分布式电源通常会加入频率恢复控制补偿负荷变化带来的频率偏差。为减少系统对高速通信的依赖，计算负荷端频率时需获知准确的馈线阻抗信息，这在实际工程中往往难以保证，从而导致分布式电源间功率分配差异并最终恶化系统频率稳定。为此，分析不准确馈线阻抗导致系统失稳的机理，指出负荷端频率计算值误差是分布式电源间功率发散的根本原因；在此基础上提出1种基于交流小信号注入的频率恢复控制策略，该方法在每个分布式电源输出电压中注入1个附加的交流小信号，在交流小信号频率与负荷端频率计算值间构建下垂关系，利用小信号有功功率补偿不准确馈线阻抗引起的负荷端频率计算值偏差，实现补偿频率偏差的同时维持系统功率均分；为说明该控制策略的适用范围，建立系统差分小信号模型讨论了相关参数设计方法，最后通过半实物实验验证了该方法的有效性。

关键词

孤岛微网 / 频率恢复 / 二次控制 / 功率均分 / 交流小信号注入

Abstract

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With the "Dual-carbon" strategy proposed in China, the microgrid composed of distributed generations has become an effective way to solve the energy crisis and environmental pollution problems. To improve the power quality of a microgrid system, frequency restoration control is usually added to distributed generations to compensate for the frequency deviation caused by changes in load. It is necessary to obtain the information about accurate feeder impedance when calculating the load terminal frequency, so as to reduce the reliance of the system on high-speed communication. However, this is often difficult to be guaranteed in practical engineering, thus leading to the difference of power distribution among distributed generations and eventually deteriorating the frequency stability of the system. To solve these problems, the mechanism of an unstable system caused by the inaccurate feeder impedance is analyzed, and it is pointed out that the calculation error of load terminal frequency is the basic cause of power distribution difference among distributed generations. On this basis, a frequency restoration control strategy based on small-AC-signal injection is proposed. By adding an additional small-AC-signal to the output voltage from each distributed generation, a droop relationship between the injected small-AC-signal frequency and the calculated value of load terminal frequency is established, and the active power of the small signal is used to compensate for the calculated deviation of load terminal frequency caused by the inaccurate feeder impedance, so as to realize the compensation for frequency deviation while maintaining the power sharing of the system. To illustrate the application scope of this control strategy, the differential-mode small-signal model of a typical microgrid system is established, and the design method for related parameters is discussed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by a hardware-in-the-loop experiment.

Key words

Islanded microgrid / frequency restoration / secondary control / power sharing / small-AC-signal injection

引用本文

胡雪凯中国电源学会会员, 孟良, 殷一林中国电源学会学生会员, 李磊中国电源学会学生会员, 王海旭中国电源学会学生会员, 雷万钧中国电源学会会员. 基于交流小信号注入的不准确馈线阻抗孤岛微网频率恢复控制策略. 电源学报, 2025 , 23 (3) : 56 -66 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.56

Xuekai HU, Liang MENG, Yilin YIN, Lei LI, Haixu WANG, Wanjun LEI. Frequency Restoration Control Strategy for Islanded Microgrid with Inaccurate Feeder Impedance Based on Small-AC-signal Injection[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2025 , 23 (3) : 56 -66 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.56

基金

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国家电网有限公司科技项目(kj2023-017)

参考文献

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参考文献引证文献

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2025年第23卷第3期

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文章信息

doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.56

接收时间：2024-11-21
首发时间：2026-10-26
出版时间：2025-05-30

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收稿日期：2024-11-21
修回日期：2024-12-29
录用日期：2025-01-10

基金

State Grid Corporation of China(kj2023-017)

国家电网有限公司科技项目(kj2023-017)

作者信息

^1.国家电网河北电力科学研究院，石家庄　050000

^2.西安交通大学电气工程学院，西安　710049

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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