电源学报

新能源汽车动力电池安全问题分析及改进趋势综述

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舒俊豪 , 武小花 , 杨佳珞 , 徐鑫

电源学报 | 电池与储能 2025,23(3): 354-362

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电源学报 |电池与储能 2025 , 23 (3) : 354 -362

新能源汽车动力电池安全问题分析及改进趋势综述

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舒俊豪（1998—　），男，硕士研究生。研究方向：动力电池状态估计及安全管理。E-mail：1356655853@qq.com。

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杨佳珞（1998—　），男，硕士研究生。研究方向：燃料电池汽车能量管理策略。E-mail：799810316@qq.com。

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杨佳珞（1998—　），男，硕士研究生。研究方向：燃料电池汽车能量管理策略。E-mail：799810316@qq.com。

徐鑫（1995—　），男，硕士研究生。研究方向：燃料电池汽车能量管理策略。E-mail：1483986994@qq.com。

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徐鑫（1995—　），男，硕士研究生。研究方向：燃料电池汽车能量管理策略。E-mail：1483986994@qq.com。

舒俊豪, 武小花, 杨佳珞, 徐鑫

作者信息

西华大学汽车测控与安全四川省重点实验室，成都　610039

通讯作者:

武小花（1984—　），女，通信作者，博士，副教授。研究方向：新能源汽车控制技术。E-mail：xiaohuawu13@163.com。

作者简介:

舒俊豪（1998—　），男，硕士研究生。研究方向：动力电池状态估计及安全管理。E-mail：1356655853@qq.com。

杨佳珞（1998—　），男，硕士研究生。研究方向：燃料电池汽车能量管理策略。E-mail：799810316@qq.com。

徐鑫（1995—　），男，硕士研究生。研究方向：燃料电池汽车能量管理策略。E-mail：1483986994@qq.com。

Review of Analysis and Improvement Trend of New Energy Vehicle Power Battery Safety Issues

Junhao SHU, Xiaohua WU, Jialuo YANG, Xin XU

Affiliations

Vehicle Measurement, Control and Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China

出版时间: 2025-05-30 doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.354

文章导航

摘要

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新能源汽车是我国汽车行业转型发展的主要方向，它们的安全性问题引起了全社会的高度关注。为了研究新能源汽车动力电池安全问题，对近6年内公开的新能源汽车事故进行统计，分析了起火车型和起火原因。对电池过充、过放、内外部短路、挤压碰撞、热失控等安全事故机理进行了描述，综述了电池热失控时的特征参数，基于运行数据分析了某事故车在起火时的特征参数变化，最后对新能源汽车存在的问题提出了一些解决方法，并重点描述了基于大数据建立的电池模型和智能算法，为今后的动力电池故障诊断工作提供了一定的基础。

关键词

新能源汽车 / 事故分析 / 电池安全 / 热失控 / 大数据 / 智能算法

Abstract

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New energy vehicles are the main direction for the transformation and development of automobile industry in China, and their safety issues have also attracted the attention from the whole society. To study the safety issues of new energy vehicle power battery, statistics of new energy vehicle accidents which have been publicly disclosed over the past six years are collected in this paper, and the corresponding vehicle models and fire causes are analyzed. The mechanisms of safety accidents such as battery overcharge, overdischarge, internal and external short-circuit faults, extrusion and collision, and thermal runaway are described. The characteristic parameters of battery thermal runaway are summarized. Based on the operating data, the variation in the characteristic parameters of one accident car when it was on fire is analyzed. Finally, some solutions to the existing issues of new energy vehicles are given, and the battery models and intelligent algorithms which are established on the basis of big data are introduced in detail, providing a basis for power battery fault diagnosis in the future.

Key words

New energy vehicle / accident analysis / battery safety / thermal runaway / big data / intelligent algorithm

引用本文

舒俊豪, 武小花, 杨佳珞, 徐鑫. 新能源汽车动力电池安全问题分析及改进趋势综述. 电源学报, 2025 , 23 (3) : 354 -362 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.354

Junhao SHU, Xiaohua WU, Jialuo YANG, Xin XU. Review of Analysis and Improvement Trend of New Energy Vehicle Power Battery Safety Issues[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2025 , 23 (3) : 354 -362 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.354

基金

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四川省科技计划资助项目(2020YFQ0037; 2021-YFG0071; 2021YFQ0052; 2019ZDZX0002)
四川省西华大学研究生创新基金资助项目(YCJJ20201150)

参考文献

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2025年第23卷第3期

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文章信息

doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.354

接收时间：2022-05-11
首发时间：2026-10-26
出版时间：2025-05-30

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出版历史

收稿日期：2022-05-11
修回日期：2022-08-01
录用日期：2022-08-19

基金

四川省科技计划资助项目(2020YFQ0037; 2021-YFG0071; 2021YFQ0052; 2019ZDZX0002)

四川省西华大学研究生创新基金资助项目(YCJJ20201150)

作者信息

西华大学汽车测控与安全四川省重点实验室，成都　610039

通讯作者:

武小花（1984—　），女，通信作者，博士，副教授。研究方向：新能源汽车控制技术。E-mail：xiaohuawu13@163.com。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/CN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.354

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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