电源学报

基于改进线性二次调节器的微电网模式平滑切换控制

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朱超群 ¹ , 沈杰 ¹ , 李洁 ¹ , 张晓明 ¹ , 马军 ²

电源学报 | 电力系统 2025,23(3): 330-342

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电源学报 |电力系统 2025 , 23 (3) : 330 -342

基于改进线性二次调节器的微电网模式平滑切换控制

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朱超群¹, 沈杰¹, 李洁¹, 张晓明¹, 马军²

作者信息

^1.国网苏州供电公司，苏州　215000

^2.国网宁夏电力有限公司调度控制中心，银川　750001

通讯作者:

朱超群（1992—　），男，通信作者，硕士，工程师。研究方向：消费侧电能替代技术，多能互补能源综合利用。E-mail：zhuchaoqun123@126.com。

作者简介:

沈杰（1971—　），男，本科，副高级工程师。研究方向：电能替代，电力计量。E-mail：shenjie@163.com。

李洁（1972—　），女，硕士，副高级工程师。研究方向：电力需求侧管理。E-mail：lijielj@126.com。

张晓明（1985—　），男，本科，副高级工程师。研究方向：用电检查。E-mail：zhangxiaoming@126.com。

马军（1974—　），男，本科，高级工程师。研究方向：网调控运行，电力调度自动化研究。E-mail：lixiaoyu101101@126.com。

Smooth Switching Control of Microgrid Modes Based on Improved Linear Quadratic Regulator

Chaoqun ZHU¹, Jie SHEN¹, Jie LI¹, Xiaoming ZHANG¹, Jun MA²

Affiliations

^1.State Grid Suzhou Power Supply Company, Suzhou 215000, China

^2.Dispatching Control Center, State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd, Yinchuan 750001, China

出版时间: 2025-05-30 doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.330

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摘要

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随着越来越多的微电网MG（microgrid）接入到电力系统中，其运行控制技术成为提升可再生能源RESs（renewable energy sources）利用率的关键技术之一。然而，MG在并网与孤岛2种运行模式切换时，受RESs出力不确定性以及2种运行模式下电压、频率和相角不一致等因素影响，极易造成模式切换过程中电压和频率波动大等问题。为此，首先提出了一种基于线性二次调节器LQR（linear quadratic regulator）的MG模式平滑切换控制方法，以减小模式切换过程中MG相关参数的剧烈波动。所提方法利用传统LQR方法和状态反馈理论，建立了平滑调节模型；然后，设计了基于二自由度结构的平滑线性二次调节器及其参数选择原则，以最小化模式切换过程中MG相关参数的暂态变化；最后，通过仿真分析与实验验证了所提方法的有效性与优越性。与其他方法相比，所提方法可有效降低MG相关参数约22%的超调百分率，缩短约13%的MG电压与频率振荡时间，同时，所提方法易于实现，且与常见双环PI控制兼容性较好。

关键词

微电网 / 并网 / 孤岛 / 线性二次调节器 / 平滑切换

Abstract

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With more and more microgrids (MGs) connected to power system, their operation control technology has become one of the key technologies to improve the utilization of renewable energy sources (RESs). However, when an MG switches between grid-connected and islanding operation modes, problems such as large voltage and frequency fluctuations will occur due to uncertainties in RESs output and the inconsistency of voltage, frequency and phase angle in the two operation modes. On this basis, a smooth switching control method of MG modes based on linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is proposed to reduce the drastic fluctuations of MG-related parameters during the mode switching. The proposed method uses the traditional LQR method and the state feedback theory to establish a smooth regulation model. Then, a smooth LQR based on a 2-DOF structure and its parameter selection principle are designed to minimize the transient changes in MG-related parameters during the mode switching. Finally, the simulation analysis and experimental results validated the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. Compared with other methods, the novel method can effectively reduce the overshoot percentage of MG-related parameters by about 22% and shorten the time of MG voltage and frequency oscillations by about 13%. In addition, it is easy to implement, and it has good compatibility with the common double-loop PI control.

Key words

Microgrid (MG) / grid-connected / islanding / linear quadratic regulator (LQR) / smooth switching

引用本文

朱超群, 沈杰, 李洁, 张晓明, 马军. 基于改进线性二次调节器的微电网模式平滑切换控制. 电源学报, 2025 , 23 (3) : 330 -342 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.330

Chaoqun ZHU, Jie SHEN, Jie LI, Xiaoming ZHANG, Jun MA. Smooth Switching Control of Microgrid Modes Based on Improved Linear Quadratic Regulator[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2025 , 23 (3) : 330 -342 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.330

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2025年第23卷第3期

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文章信息

doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.330

接收时间：2022-04-17
首发时间：2026-10-26
出版时间：2025-05-30

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收稿日期：2022-04-17
修回日期：2022-10-22
录用日期：2022-10-28

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作者信息

^1.国网苏州供电公司，苏州　215000

^2.国网宁夏电力有限公司调度控制中心，银川　750001

通讯作者:

朱超群（1992—　），男，通信作者，硕士，工程师。研究方向：消费侧电能替代技术，多能互补能源综合利用。E-mail：zhuchaoqun123@126.com。

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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