Article(id=1251226688621855172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194772300279900, issueId=1251226682309423223, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20079/j.issn.1001-893x.240613003, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1718208000000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-13, revisedDate=1722009600000, revisedDateStr=2024-07-27, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1776245289234, onlineDateStr=2026-04-15, pubDate=1764259200000, pubDateStr=2025-11-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1776245289234, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-04-15, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1776245289234, creator=13041195026, updateTime=1776245289234, updator=13041195026, issue=Issue{id=1251226682309423223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194772300279900, year='2025', volume='65', issue='11', pageStart='1729', pageEnd='1954', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1776245287729, creator=13041195026, updateTime=1776246742124, updator=13041195026, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1251232782568080068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194772300279900, issueId=1251226682309423223, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1251232782568080069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194772300279900, issueId=1251226682309423223, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1851, endPage=1858, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1251226690471543248, articleId=1251226688621855172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194772300279900, language=EN, title=Multi-functional Radar Signal Sorting Based on Improved Complex Network Community Detection, columnId=1251226683223781499, journalTitle=Telecommunication Engineering, columnName=Application Fundamental Research and Advanced Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

For the problem that conventional signal analysis methods are prone to cause the“increasing batch”and“missing batch”in multi-functional radar signal sorting in complex electromagnetic environments, a multi-functional radar signal sorting method based on improved complex network community detection is proposed. This method first transforms the signal sequence into the complex network using limited penetration visibility graph. Then, it introduces spatial clustering with density to eliminate spurious pulses. Subsequently, the label propagation algorithm is improved according to the between centrality of nodes,enhancing the stability of community division. Finally,the sub-communities are merged to complete the signal sorting task by density peak clustering. Simulation results show that the proposed method achieves a sorting accuracy of 98.13% for multi-functional radar signals. Moreover,even when the proportion of spurious pulses increases to 35% , the number of sorted batches remains unchanged, effectively alleviating the“increasing batch”and“missing batch”problems.

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针对复杂电磁环境下常规信号分析方法难以解决的多功能雷达信号分选“增批”和“漏批”问题,提出了一种改进的复杂网络社区检测信号分选方法。该方法首先通过有限穿透可视图将信号映射为复杂网络,引入基于密度的空间聚类去除杂散脉冲;然后根据节点的介数中心性改进标签传播算法,提高了社区划分的稳定性;最后利用密度峰值聚类合并子社区,完成分选过程。仿真结果表明,所提方法对多功能雷达信号分选正确率为98.13%;且增加杂散脉冲占比至35%时,分选批数未发生变化,能够有效处理“增批”和“漏批”问题。

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李世通 Email:
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李世通 男,1998年生于河南南阳,2021年获学士学位,现为硕士研究生,主要研究方向为雷达信号分选。

胡进 男,1982年生于湖北天门,2010年获博士学位,现为研究员,主要研究方向为雷达与电子侦察技术。

严波 男,1986年生于江苏泰州,2012年获硕士学位,现为高级工程师,主要研究方向为数据处理。

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李世通 男,1998年生于河南南阳,2021年获学士学位,现为硕士研究生,主要研究方向为雷达信号分选。

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李世通 男,1998年生于河南南阳,2021年获学士学位,现为硕士研究生,主要研究方向为雷达信号分选。

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胡进 男,1982年生于湖北天门,2010年获博士学位,现为研究员,主要研究方向为雷达与电子侦察技术。

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胡进 男,1982年生于湖北天门,2010年获博士学位,现为研究员,主要研究方向为雷达与电子侦察技术。

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严波 男,1986年生于江苏泰州,2012年获硕士学位,现为高级工程师,主要研究方向为数据处理。

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严波 男,1986年生于江苏泰州,2012年获硕士学位,现为高级工程师,主要研究方向为数据处理。

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tableContent=
雷达PW/μsRF/MHzPRI/μsDOA/(°)脉冲数
1250~290
参差
8300~8600
捷变
450~950
滑变
35~38500
290~110
捷变
8300~8500
参差
450~550
抖动
36~39200
120
固定
8500~8700
抖动
500~600
捷变
36~39300
130~150
参差
8800~9100
捷变
600~700
参差
36~39200
380~120
滑变
9000~9200
参差
700~800
捷变
37~40500
4140~160
捷变
9200~9400
参差
700~800
抖动
38~41200
160~180
参差
9400~9600
参差
800~900
捷变
38~41200
180~200
参差
9600~9800
捷变
900~1000
参差
38~41300
5210~250
捷变
9500~9800
滑变
550~800
参差
39~42400
6180~200
滑变
8300~8500
参差
400~500
捷变
40~43200
205~230
参差
8500~8600
捷变
550~650
参差
40~43200
230~250
捷变
8600~8700
参差
600~700
抖动
40~43200
7170~210
参差
8700~8900
参差
800~1100
滑变
41~42550
8210~225
捷变
9000~9200
抖动
650~750
参差
44~47200
230~250
抖动
9200
固定
750~850
捷变
44~47300
255~270
滑变
9200~9400
参差
850~950
抖动
44~47200
), ArticleFig(id=1251226706091131041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194772300279900, articleId=1251226688621855172, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

雷达辐射源参数设置

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
雷达PW/μsRF/MHzPRI/μsDOA/(°)脉冲数
1250~290
参差
8300~8600
捷变
450~950
滑变
35~38500
290~110
捷变
8300~8500
参差
450~550
抖动
36~39200
120
固定
8500~8700
抖动
500~600
捷变
36~39300
130~150
参差
8800~9100
捷变
600~700
参差
36~39200
380~120
滑变
9000~9200
参差
700~800
捷变
37~40500
4140~160
捷变
9200~9400
参差
700~800
抖动
38~41200
160~180
参差
9400~9600
参差
800~900
捷变
38~41200
180~200
参差
9600~9800
捷变
900~1000
参差
38~41300
5210~250
捷变
9500~9800
滑变
550~800
参差
39~42400
6180~200
滑变
8300~8500
参差
400~500
捷变
40~43200
205~230
参差
8500~8600
捷变
550~650
参差
40~43200
230~250
捷变
8600~8700
参差
600~700
抖动
40~43200
7170~210
参差
8700~8900
参差
800~1100
滑变
41~42550
8210~225
捷变
9000~9200
抖动
650~750
参差
44~47200
230~250
抖动
9200
固定
750~850
捷变
44~47300
255~270
滑变
9200~9400
参差
850~950
抖动
44~47200
), ArticleFig(id=1251226706195988645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194772300279900, articleId=1251226688621855172, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
算法分选正确率/%总正确率/%
雷达1雷达2雷达3雷达4雷达5雷达6雷达7雷达8
本文算法100.0097.4396.0098.5797.0098.1798.1899.7198.13
LPACD[12]95.0095.7194.0096.0092.5096.6796.3698.2995.57
SLPACD[13]97.6097.1495.0098.2995.0097.5097.8299.4397.22
k-means[23]0.0044.5799.6099.290.0069.1799.2776.4361.04
), ArticleFig(id=1251226706275680425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194772300279900, articleId=1251226688621855172, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同算法对多功能雷达信号分选结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
算法分选正确率/%总正确率/%
雷达1雷达2雷达3雷达4雷达5雷达6雷达7雷达8
本文算法100.0097.4396.0098.5797.0098.1798.1899.7198.13
LPACD[12]95.0095.7194.0096.0092.5096.6796.3698.2995.57
SLPACD[13]97.6097.1495.0098.2995.0097.5097.8299.4397.22
k-means[23]0.0044.5799.6099.290.0069.1799.2776.4361.04
), ArticleFig(id=1251226706405703853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194772300279900, articleId=1251226688621855172, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类别PW/μsRF/MHzPRI/μsDOA/(°)脉冲数
杂散脉冲80~2908300~9800400~100035~47M
), ArticleFig(id=1251226706497978543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194772300279900, articleId=1251226688621855172, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

杂散脉冲参数设置

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类别PW/μsRF/MHzPRI/μsDOA/(°)脉冲数
杂散脉冲80~2908300~9800400~100035~47M
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改进复杂网络社区检测的多功能雷达信号分选
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李世通 , 胡进 , 严波
电讯技术 | 应用基础与前沿技术 2025,65(11): 1851-1858
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电讯技术 | 应用基础与前沿技术 2025, 65(11): 1851-1858
改进复杂网络社区检测的多功能雷达信号分选
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李世通 , 胡进, 严波
作者信息
  • 中国船舶集团有限公司第七二四研究所,南京 211153
  • 李世通 男,1998年生于河南南阳,2021年获学士学位,现为硕士研究生,主要研究方向为雷达信号分选。

    胡进 男,1982年生于湖北天门,2010年获博士学位,现为研究员,主要研究方向为雷达与电子侦察技术。

    严波 男,1986年生于江苏泰州,2012年获硕士学位,现为高级工程师,主要研究方向为数据处理。

通讯作者:

李世通 Email:
Multi-functional Radar Signal Sorting Based on Improved Complex Network Community Detection
Shitong LI , Jin HU, Bo YAN
Affiliations
  • The 724th Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation Limited,Nanjing 211153,China
出版时间: 2025-11-28 doi: 10.20079/j.issn.1001-893x.240613003
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针对复杂电磁环境下常规信号分析方法难以解决的多功能雷达信号分选“增批”和“漏批”问题,提出了一种改进的复杂网络社区检测信号分选方法。该方法首先通过有限穿透可视图将信号映射为复杂网络,引入基于密度的空间聚类去除杂散脉冲;然后根据节点的介数中心性改进标签传播算法,提高了社区划分的稳定性;最后利用密度峰值聚类合并子社区,完成分选过程。仿真结果表明,所提方法对多功能雷达信号分选正确率为98.13%;且增加杂散脉冲占比至35%时,分选批数未发生变化,能够有效处理“增批”和“漏批”问题。

多功能雷达  /  信号分选  /  增批  /  漏批  /  有限穿透可视图  /  复杂网络社区检测

For the problem that conventional signal analysis methods are prone to cause the“increasing batch”and“missing batch”in multi-functional radar signal sorting in complex electromagnetic environments, a multi-functional radar signal sorting method based on improved complex network community detection is proposed. This method first transforms the signal sequence into the complex network using limited penetration visibility graph. Then, it introduces spatial clustering with density to eliminate spurious pulses. Subsequently, the label propagation algorithm is improved according to the between centrality of nodes,enhancing the stability of community division. Finally,the sub-communities are merged to complete the signal sorting task by density peak clustering. Simulation results show that the proposed method achieves a sorting accuracy of 98.13% for multi-functional radar signals. Moreover,even when the proportion of spurious pulses increases to 35% , the number of sorted batches remains unchanged, effectively alleviating the“increasing batch”and“missing batch”problems.

multi-functional radar  /  signal sorting  /  increasing batch  /  missing batch  /  limited penetrable visible graph  /  complex network community detection
李世通, 胡进, 严波. 改进复杂网络社区检测的多功能雷达信号分选. 电讯技术, 2025 , 65 (11) : 1851 -1858 . DOI: 10.20079/j.issn.1001-893x.240613003
Shitong LI, Jin HU, Bo YAN. Multi-functional Radar Signal Sorting Based on Improved Complex Network Community Detection[J]. Telecommunication Engineering, 2025 , 65 (11) : 1851 -1858 . DOI: 10.20079/j.issn.1001-893x.240613003
雷达信号分选是指从交错的雷达脉冲序列中分选出来自同一辐射源信号的过程。随着多功能雷达的广泛应用,分选任务面临着新的挑战。一方面,由于多功能雷达在不同工作模式下动态调整信号参数,不同工作模式的雷达信号很容易被误判为来自不同雷达辐射源,造成“增批”,或将来自不同雷达辐射源信号误判为来自同一雷达辐射源,造成“漏批”[1]。另一方面,复杂电磁环境中的杂散脉冲加大了信号分选难度。
目前,雷达信号分选方法基本分为三大类:第一类是基于脉冲重复间隔(Pulse Repetition Interval,PRI)的分选算法,如PRI直方图法[2]、PRI变换法[3]和平面变换法[4]等;第二类是基于脉内调制特征的分选算法,如时频分析法[5]、模糊函数法[6]和无意调制特征[7]等;第三类是基于机器学习的分选算法,如支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)[8]、神经网络[9]、静态聚类[10]和数据流聚类等[11]
基于脉冲重复间隔的分选算法适用于PRI较为固定且脉冲密度较小的场景,然而,由于不同工作模式下多功能雷达信号的PRI调制不同,这类算法很难完成多功能雷达信号分选任务。基于脉内调制特征的分选算法能够在高信噪比的情况下对相似雷达信号分选,但是,这类方法抗噪性较差,难以完成复杂电磁环境下的分选任务。基于机器学习分选方法可以从样本数据中获得规律并利用规律对未知数据进行预测,然而,如深度学习的方法对大量训练样本和训练时间的需求难以适应实时战况,常规聚类方法易把多功能雷达不同工作模式下的信号误判为来自多个辐射源,导致分选正确率低。
为解决多功能雷达信号分选的“增批”和“漏批”问题,一些学者尝试将复杂网络社区检测方法引入信号分选领域,取得了一定的效果[12-13]。然而,这些方法在存在杂散脉冲干扰的非理想电磁环境下分选效果不佳。
鉴于上述问题,本文提出一种改进的复杂网络社区检测信号分选方法,利用基于密度的空间聚类去除复杂网络中的干扰点,并将介数中心性作为节点的重要度改进复杂网络社区检测算法,提高了算法的准确性。实验证明该方法在存在杂散脉冲条件下对多功能雷达信号分选准确高于现有的复杂网络社区检测算法和k-means算法,能够有效处理“增批”和“漏批”问题。
复杂网络是一种由众多节点和连边组成的抽象模型,可应用于各科学领域中复杂系统的建模与分析。对复杂网络进行社区检测有助于揭示其组织原则和拓扑结构等。鉴于雷达脉冲序列是一个时间上的复杂系统,可将基于复杂网络的社区检测方法应用于雷达信号分选,处于同一社区的节点代表着相应的信号来自同一雷达辐射源。
复杂网络源于图论和拓扑学,将复杂系统中的个体抽象为节点,个体之间的相互联系抽象为边[14]。网络可以被描述为一个图G=(VE),其中,V为节点集合,E为边集合。
有限穿透可视图(Limited Penetrable Visibility Graph,LPVG)算法是一种时间序列构建复杂网络方法[15]。对于任意两个节点yiyj,如果两节点间存在s个节点{yk}满足式(1),那么yiyj连边,即当yiyj之间的视线被截断次数s不超过有限次T时,yiyj之间存在穿透可视线。
式中:ikj且0≤sT
社区检测是指将复杂网络中关联密切的节点归属到同一个社区中,每个社区内部的节点联系密切,各个社区间的节点联系相对稀疏[16]
基于复杂网络的社区检测先利用有限穿透可视图构建时间序列对应的复杂网络,再通过标签传播算法(Label Propagation Algorithm,LPA)快速发现复杂网络中的社区结构[17]。首先,采用LPVG构建时间序列对应的复杂网络G。其次,为G中每一个节点初始化标签并将所有节点随机排序,依次选取一个节点,根据相连节点的标签情况改变此节点的标签。最后,重复节点标签更新过程,直至节点标签不再改变。相同标签的节点属于同一个社区。
针对多功能雷达信号分选“增批”和“漏批”问题,Chi等人[12]将复杂网络的社区检测方法引入雷达信号分选。雷达脉冲序列由多维特征组成,该方法对每维数据分别用LPVG构建复杂网络再聚合为总的复杂网络。得到的复杂网络用LPA社区检测得到小型子社区结构,再将子社区合并,得到最终的社区结构。
张洁雯等人[13]将标签拓展算法(Speaker-listener Label Propagation Algorithm,SLPA)引入基于复杂网络社区检测的信号分选方法,通过给每个节点设置标签存储列表来解决LPA更新节点标签时无法保留历史标签问题,从而降低传播过程中错误标签的影响,提高了信号分选正确性。
雷达接收机截获的杂散脉冲是影响分选准确率的重要因素,其主要产生原因有外界干扰、脉冲分裂、电路毛刺和无关信号影响等,主要分布特征有泊松分布、均匀分布等[18-19]。在社区检测初始时,基于复杂网络的社区检测方法为所有节点赋予标签,杂散脉冲同样会被赋予标签。随着节点标签的迭代更新,这些杂散脉冲可能会混入各个社区中,从而严重降低分选算法的准确性。因此,在社区检测时过滤掉这些杂散脉冲显得尤为重要。
鉴于复杂网络社区检测方法的性能易受到杂散脉冲干扰,而基于密度的空间聚类算法(Density-based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise,DBSCAN)[20]具有处理异常数据的能力,能够在存在干扰点的条件下发现任意形状的簇。本文将两者有效结合,不仅将脉冲序列映射至复杂网络,还将复杂网络中的干扰点去除,为后续社区检测的准确率提供了保障。
此外,由于复杂网络社区检测算法在更新节点标签时随机更新节点序列,导致社区划分结构不稳定,本文改进改变节点标签传播方式,将介数中心性(Between Centrality,BC)[21]作为节点重要度,节点标签从重要度高的节点传递到重要度低的节点。通过更稳定的社区划分,提高了信号分选的准确率。
本文分选流程如图1所示。首先,采用有限穿透可视图将信号映射至复杂网络域;其次,使用基于密度空间聚类算法去除网络中的干扰点;然后,采用基于标签传播的社区检测算法将网络划分为多个小型社区;最后,使用密度峰值聚类算法将子社区合并得到分选结果。
假定雷达脉冲序列的样本集ts={s1s2,…,sn},si= [PWi,RFi,PRIi,DOAi]为第i个脉冲样本的特征向量,其中,PW为脉宽,RF为载频,PRI为脉冲重复间隔,DOA为到达角。由于雷达信号不同维度的特征参数跨度大,为了方便处理,需要对D维数据分别进行归一化至[0,1],即
ts′={x1x2,…,xn},xi = [PW′i,RF′i,PRI′i,DOA′i]是归一化处理后的脉冲序列与特征向量。雷达信号D维特征参数分别用LPVG得到D个不同的复杂网络,用邻接矩阵Add∈{1,2,…,D})表示:
式中:aij表示(i, yi)和(j, yj)间的连边情况。
脉冲序列对应的邻接矩阵
本文采用DBSCAN算法[20]去除复杂网络中的杂散脉冲,算法流程如图2所示。
首先,将复杂网络的邻接矩阵A中所有节点标记为未处理,未访问节点集为Xun。从Xun随机选择一个节点xi,计算节点xi半径ε区域内的所有邻居点数Nεxi)。如果节点xi满足式(5),那么先暂时将其标记为噪声点。
式中:MinPts为核心节点的最低点数,那么该节点被标记为核心节点,为xi创建一个新簇Ck
其次,对于节点xi半径ε邻域内的每一个邻居节点xj,如果xjXun,将其加入Ck,并标记为已处理。如果这个邻居节点xj也是一个核心节点,需要继续查找其邻居节点。然后,重复上述过程直到Ck中所有核心节点的邻居节点都被访问过。
最后,遍历Xun中所有节点,得到所有聚类结果{C1C2,…,CK},没有被分入任何簇的节点为噪声点,将其去除后更新邻接矩阵为A′。
传统LPA在迭代过程中,节点序列随机更新,会导致社区划分结果不稳定,从而影响信号分选的准确性。针对LPA的缺陷,本文将节点的介数中心性作为重要度引入到标签传播过程中,节点标签不再随机传播,而是从重要度高的节点传播到重要度低的节点。
介数中心性是考虑复杂网络全局拓扑结构,利用经过节点的最短路径数量来衡量节点重要度的方法。在一个n节点的复杂网络中,xi的介数中心性BCi
式中:gstxsxt的最短路径的数量;xsxt经过xi的最短路径的数量。
首先,改进后的社区检测算法给每个节点初始化唯一的标签,并计算每个节点的介数中心性按降序排列,得到有序节点集。
其次,依顺序将每个节点的标签分配给予其相似度最高的邻居节点。xixj的相似度Sij
式中:dij为节点间的欧氏距离。
最后,重复更新节点标签的过程,直到最大迭代次数P。具有相同标签的节点归为一个社区Csub
雷达信号构成的复杂网络经LPA算法被分割为众多小规模的子社区[12]。为了得到同一雷达辐射源的脉冲序列,需要将子社区合并,聚类为更大的社区。
密度峰值聚类(Density Peak Clustering,DPC)算法[22]是一种简单有效的无监督聚类算法,能自动发现数据中的聚类中心。首先计算各子社区的局域密度ρi和相对距离δi:
式中:表示子社区与子社区的节点对之间欧氏距离的累计和;dc为邻域截断距离;ρi描述了社区的密集程度;δi是指比社区密度更大的社区中最近社区间的距离,规定子社区内节点之间距离为0。
如公式(9),各子社区的密度峰值通过得到。密度峰值较大的子社区被选作聚类中心,将所有非聚类中心社区归入聚类中心所在的簇,完成子社区的聚类。
本文分选算法伪代码如下:
为验证所提算法改进效果和可靠性,本文进行多功能雷达信号分选测试和存在杂散脉冲条件下分选测试。以分选正确率r为评价指标,范围为[0,1]。
式中:Gi为第i部雷达发射脉冲数;Gii为第i部雷达中分选正确的脉冲数。
为测试所提算法对多部多功能雷达的参数混叠信号分选性能和改进效果,本文参考了文献[12-13]中多功能雷达信号的参数设置,使用MATLAB仿真8部雷达辐射源。如表1所示,辐射源1、辐射源3、辐射源5和辐射源7只工作于一种模式,其他4部多功能雷达辐射源分别工作于3种模式。每个雷达辐射源具有脉宽(Pulse Width,PW)、载频(Radio Frequency,RF)、脉冲重复间隔(Pulse Repetition Interval,PRI)和到达角(Direction of Arrival,DOA)四维特征,PW、RF和PRI相互混叠,且有不同的调制样式,如参差、捷变、滑变和抖动等。图3显示了脉冲序列在三维参数空间中的分布情况。
为测试所提算法的有效性和改进效果,使用本文算法、基于标签传播算法的社区检测(Label Propagation Algorithm Community Detection,LPACD)[12]、基于标签拓展算法的社区检测(Speaker-listener Label Propagation Algorithm Community Detection,SLPACD)[13]和k-means算法[23]表1中的雷达脉冲信号进行分选。测试100次,统计各算法分选正确率取平均值,结果如表2所示。
分析测试结果可知,本文方法对8部辐射源雷达信号方分选正确率均在96%以上,总分选正确率达到98.13%。实验结果证明了本文方法能有效缓解因信号参数混叠造成的“增批”和“漏批”问题,适用于多功能雷达信号分选。
相较于LPACD[12]、SLPACD[13]这两种社区检测方法,本文算法分选正确率分别高2.56%、0.91%。传统的标签传播算法在初始化时随机排序节点,并按此顺序进行标签传播。然而,这种随机性会导致社区划分结果的不稳定,进而影响信号分选方准确性。本文算法改进标签传播方式,将节点的介数中心性作为节点重要度的衡量指标,并按照从大到小的顺序进行标签传播。因此,算法能够优先处理对网络结构影响更大的节点,更准确地确定它们所属的社区,进而使社区划分结果更稳定,提高了信号分选的正确率。
k-means算法[23]总正确率只有61.04%。为方便分析k-means算法分选正确率低的原因,将本文方法与k-means算法方法进行对比分析。为避免因数据点重叠造成视觉误差,选择脉宽为横轴、载频为纵轴绘制两种方法的分选结果,如图4图5所示。
图4图5中,不同颜色表示分选算法形成的簇,椭圆虚线表示真实雷达辐射源信号的归属情况。在图5中,由于雷达脉冲参数重叠度高,雷达4和雷达5,以及雷达1和雷达6被k-means算法误判为来自同一个雷达辐射源,造成“漏批”,使分选正确率下降。此外,具有3种工作模式的雷达2、雷达6和雷达8被误判为来自两个雷达辐射源,造成“增批”,也降低了分选正确率。由于“增批”和“漏批”问题的出现,使k-means算法相较于本文算法正确率低了37.09%。
通过对多功能雷达信号分选测试的结果分析,本文算法有效解决了多功能雷达信号“增批”和“漏批问题”,总分选正确率达98.13%。相较于LPACD[12]、SLPACD[13]算法,本文将介数中心性作为节点重要性,改进复杂网络社区检测算法的标签传播方式,获得更高的分选正确率。而k-means算法[23]出现严重的“增批”和“漏批”现象,难以分选参数重叠的多功能雷达信号。
为测试存在杂散脉冲条件下本文算法的分选性能与改进效果,在表1雷达脉冲序列的基础上插入杂散脉冲。首先,将表1中每部雷达脉冲按时间顺序合并,得到原始脉冲序列,脉冲数为N。接着,设置杂散脉冲占比e分别为0%,5%,…,50%,杂散脉冲数M=N·e。为使杂散脉冲遍布整个雷达脉冲序列,随机产生泊松分布的杂散脉冲PW、RF、PRI范围与原始脉冲序列相同,如表3所示。最后,在(0,N)中随机抽取M个脉冲插入杂散脉冲,得到存在杂散脉冲条件下的实验数据。
为测试在杂散脉冲条件下3种社区检测算法(本文算法、SLPACD[13]和LPACD[12])性能,增加占比0~50%递增的杂散脉冲。杂散脉冲参数如表3所示。图6图7展示了3种社区检测算法的分选批数、分选正确率随杂散脉冲变化的结果。随着杂散脉冲增多,3种算法均出现“增批”,算法正确率随之减小。LPACD算法[12]在杂散脉冲占比从25%增加至30%时,以及SLPACD算法[13]在杂散脉冲占比从40%增加至45%时,出现“漏批”,分选正确率下降。由于LPACD和SLPACD算法在社区检测时,干扰点和信号节点被同等地赋予标签,大量杂散脉冲最终混入各社区,影响了分选的准确性。相较于另两种社区检测算法,本文算法在杂散脉冲比例达到35%时,仍没有“增批”和“漏批”问题出现,分选正确率为88.75%。在杂散脉冲占比50%时,由于“增批”问题,分选正确率下降至80.6%。
通过对存在杂散脉冲条件下测试的结果分析,本文引入基于密度的聚类算法,在对复杂网络进行社区检测前将复杂网络中的干扰点去除,有效保障了后续社区划分的准确性。实验结果表明,所提方法对杂散脉冲有较强的抗干扰能力,适用于存在杂散脉冲条件下的多功能雷达信号分选。
本文针对参数重叠的多功能雷达信号分选“增批”和“漏批”问题,提出了一种基于改进复杂网络社区检测的多功能雷达信号分选方法。在存在杂散脉冲条件下进行多功能雷达信号分选[24]测试,并与现有的分选方法对比分析。结果表明,本文方法对多功能雷达信号分选正确率为98.13%,能有效解决多功能雷达信号分选“增批”和“漏批”问题,分选正确率略优于LPACD、SLPACD两种社区检测算法,明显高于k-means算法;且本文算法在杂散脉冲占比35%条件下分选结果未出现“增批”,分选正确率为88.75%,高于LPACD、SLPACD算法,适用于存在杂散脉冲的复杂电磁环境下信号分选。
由于本文算法需要输入完整的复杂网络,对于该算法如何应用于在线分选还有待进一步研究。
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doi: 10.20079/j.issn.1001-893x.240613003
  • 接收时间:2024-06-13
  • 首发时间:2026-04-15
  • 出版时间:2025-11-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-13
  • 修回日期:2024-07-27
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    中国船舶集团有限公司第七二四研究所,南京 211153

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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