Article(id=1149745456181330162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149745442428203486, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.018, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1698854400000, receivedDateStr=2023-11-02, revisedDate=1710691200000, revisedDateStr=2024-03-18, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752050277990, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752050277990, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752050277990, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752050277990, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149745442428203486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, year='2024', volume='37', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='141', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1752050274711, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753780137206, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1157001011664605316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149745442428203486, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1157001011664605317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149745442428203486, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=124, endPage=129, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149745456428794106, articleId=1149745456181330162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=EN, title=Optimization of Fire Water Supply Control System in Subway Stations, columnId=1152669334582243706, journalTitle=Urban Rapid Rail Transit, columnName=Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The study addressed issues related to the nonaction and delayed response times of subway station fire protection systems, focusing on optimizing the automatic pump start method for fire water supply control systems utilizing municipal direct pressurized water supply. Initially, a field test was conducted on the automatic pump start system at a subway station, followed by a detailed analysis of the test data to understand pressure and flow rate change dynamics within the fire protection system. Based on this analysis, a novel approach was developed to determine optimal settings for the pressure switch, flow switch, and stabilizer pump unit, calibrated explicitly to the municipal water pressure thresholds at each station. Findings highlighted the necessity of employing highpressure stabilization due to the influence of municipal water pressure on the pressure switch. Additionally, it was noted that the interplay between pressure and flow switches is crucial under varying operational conditions, necessitating their complementary roles in enabling automatic pump start functionality to enhance reliability. Adjustments were recommended for the logical relationship between the flow switch activation threshold and the stabilizer pump unit settings in different pump room configurations. This adjustment aimed to prevent inadvertent pump startups triggered by fire pipe network leaks, thereby addressing concerns related to overly prolonged or rapid pump activation. These research outcomes are essential guidelines for designing new subway lines' fire hydrant water supply systems and fire pump rooms. Their application ensures smooth automatic initiation of station fire water supply systems, effectively enhancing efficiency and safety across subway network fire protection systems.

, correspAuthors=Yuhong MU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yuhong MU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149745462569255522, articleId=1149745456181330162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=CN, title=地铁车站消防给水控制系统优化研究, columnId=1152669334955536763, journalTitle=都市快轨交通, columnName=机电工程, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对地铁车站消防系统启泵不动作、时间过长等问题,研究其市政直接加压供水的消防给水控制系统自动启泵的优化方法。首先在地铁车站进行消防系统自动启泵的现场试验,然后针对现场测试数据展开分析,掌握消防系统压力与流量的变化特点,最后创建基于站点市政水压阈值条件下确定压力开关、流量开关、稳压泵组取值的新方法。研究结果表明:由于压力开关的设定值受市政水压影响,车站市政直抽消防系统应采用高压稳压;不同工况下压力开关、流量开关具有互补性,因此流量开关与压力开关均设定为自动启泵,提高自动启泵可靠性;压力开关、流量开关与稳压泵组之间的动作值逻辑关系应根据泵房不同的设置方案进行相应调整,避免消防管网渗漏引起压力开关、流量开关误动作启泵的风险,解决自动启泵时间过长或过快的问题。研究成果以期为地铁新线消火栓给水系统及消防泵房的设计提供参考,保证车站消防给水系统顺利实现自动启泵,有效提升地铁消防给水系统的效率与安全。

, correspAuthors=穆育红, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=eCPy0ifRrb7/noT1Tjz2Xw==, magXml=mAfpv7KuyUZI9u0NaSJXZA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=lP0VrPeNFJ/rpC+UB9Pm8g==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=3fXqxCMdY+0c5YIcMViyzw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

穆育红,女,本科,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通给排水、交通枢纽、海绵城市设计等工作,

, authorsList=穆育红)}, authors=[Author(id=1154040165640167691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=835642708@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1154040165690499341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, authorId=1154040165640167691, language=EN, stringName=Yuhong MU, firstName=Yuhong, middleName=null, lastName=MU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Beijing Urban Construction Design & Development Group Co., Ltd. Beijing 100037, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1154040165740830990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, authorId=1154040165640167691, language=CN, stringName=穆育红, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 北京 100037, bio={"content":"

穆育红,女,本科,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通给排水、交通枢纽、海绵城市设计等工作,

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

穆育红,女,本科,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通给排水、交通枢纽、海绵城市设计等工作,

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154040165153628423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154040165166211336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, companyId=1154040165153628423, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Beijing Urban Construction Design & Development Group Co., Ltd. Beijing 100037), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154040165594030345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, companyId=1154040165153628423, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 北京 100037)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1154040166164455695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=subway station), Keyword(id=1154040166210593040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=fire water supply control system), Keyword(id=1154040166260924689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=pressure switch), Keyword(id=1154040166311256338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=flow switch), Keyword(id=1154040166357393683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=地铁车站), Keyword(id=1154040166416113940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=消防给水控制系统), Keyword(id=1154040166508388629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=压力开关), Keyword(id=1154040166583886104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=流量开关)], refs=[Reference(id=1154040169184354640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=37, issue=1, pageStart=10, pageEnd=16, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=侯秀芳, 冯晨, 燕汉民, journalName=都市快轨交通, refType=null, unstructuredReference=侯秀芳, 冯晨, 燕汉民, 等. 2023年中国内地城市轨道交通运营线路概况[J]. 都市快轨交通, 2024, 37(1): 10-16., articleTitle=2023年中国内地城市轨道交通运营线路概况, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040169243074898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=37, issue=1, pageStart=10, pageEnd=16, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=HOU Xiufang, FENG Chen, YAN Hanmin, et al., journalName=Urban rapid rail transit, refType=null, unstructuredReference= HOU Xiufang , FENG Chen , YAN Hanmin , et al. . Overview of urban rail transit operational lines in Chinese mainland in 2023[J]. Urban rapid rail transit, 2024, 37(1): 10-16., articleTitle=Overview of urban rail transit operational lines in Chinese mainland in 2023, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040169293406548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=中华人民共和国建设部, journalName=建筑设计防火规范, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国建设部. 建筑设计防火规范[S]. GB50016-2006 北京: 中国计划出版社, 2006., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040169347932502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Ministry of construction of the People's Republic of China, journalName=Code of design on building fire protection and prevention, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ministry of construction of the People's Republic of China. Code of design on building fire protection and prevention[S]. GB50016-2006 Beijing: China Planning Press, 2006., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040169419235672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部, journalName=消防给水及消火栓系统技术规范, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 消防给水及消火栓系统技术规范[S]. GB50974—2014 北京: 中国计划出版社, 2014., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040169469567323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China, journalName=Technical Code for fire protection water supply and hydrant systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China. Technical Code for fire protection water supply and hydrant systems[S]. GB50974-2014 Beijing: China Planning Press, 2014., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040169549259101, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=34, issue=4, pageStart=132, pageEnd=137, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=穆育红, journalName=都市快轨交通, refType=null, unstructuredReference=穆育红. 轨道交通消防给水系统演变与优化[J]. 都市快轨交通, 2021, 34(4): 132-137., articleTitle=轨道交通消防给水系统演变与优化, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040169628950879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=34, issue=4, pageStart=132, pageEnd=137, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=7, authorNames=MU Yuhong, journalName=Urban rapid rail transit, refType=null, unstructuredReference= MU Yuhong . Evolution and optimization of rail transit fire protection[J]. Urban rapid rail transit, 2021, 34(4): 132-137., articleTitle=Evolution and optimization of rail transit fire protection, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040169683476833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=23, pageStart=15, pageEnd=17, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=叶宣飞, journalName=中国设备工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=叶宣飞. 地铁叠压消防供水压力开关、流量开关启泵问题探讨[J]. 中国设备工程, 2022. 23): 15-17., articleTitle=地铁叠压消防供水压力开关、流量开关启泵问题探讨, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040169763168611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=23, pageStart=15, pageEnd=17, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=9, authorNames=YE Xuanfei, journalName=China plant engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference= YE Xuanfei . Discussion on pump start-up of pressure switch and flow switch for fire fighting water supply in subway[J]. China plant engineering, 2022. 23): 15-17., articleTitle=Discussion on pump start-up of pressure switch and flow switch for fire fighting water supply in subway, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040169821888869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=10, authorNames=中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部, journalName=《消防给水及消火栓系统技术规范》图示图示: 15S909, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 《消防给水及消火栓系统技术规范》图示图示: 15S909[S]. 北京: 中国计划出版社, 2015., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040169884803431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=34, issue=18, pageStart=66, pageEnd=68, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=11, authorNames=穆永信, 王健稳, journalName=中国给水排水, refType=null, unstructuredReference=穆永信, 王健稳. 地铁车站消防泵自动启泵设计压力探讨[J]. 中国给水排水, 2018, 34(18): 66-68., articleTitle=地铁车站消防泵自动启泵设计压力探讨, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040169947717992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=34, issue=18, pageStart=66, pageEnd=68, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=12, authorNames=MU Yongxin, WANG Jianwen, journalName=China water & wastewater, refType=null, unstructuredReference= MU Yongxin , WANG Jianwen . Discussion on pressure of automatic starting fire pump in subway station[J]. China water & wastewater, 2018, 34(18): 66-68., articleTitle=Discussion on pressure of automatic starting fire pump in subway station, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040170023215466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=54, issue=1, pageStart=102, pageEnd=106, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=13, authorNames=赵世明, journalName=给水排水, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵世明. 消防给水临时高压系统的启泵控制分析[J]. 给水排水, 2018, 54(1): 102-106., articleTitle=消防给水临时高压系统的启泵控制分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040170090324332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=54, issue=1, pageStart=102, pageEnd=106, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=14, authorNames=ZHAO Shiming, journalName=Water & wastewater engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference= ZHAO Shiming . Analysis of pump start-up control of temporary high-pressure fire water supply system[J]. Water & wastewater engineering, 2018, 54(1): 102-106., articleTitle=Analysis of pump start-up control of temporary high-pressure fire water supply system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040170144850286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=7, issue=2, pageStart=33, pageEnd=39, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=15, authorNames=张之川, journalName=设计, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张之川. 消防给水系统流量开关的设置问题与研讨[J]. 设计, 2022, 7(2): 33-39., articleTitle=消防给水系统流量开关的设置问题与研讨, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040170203570544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=7, issue=2, pageStart=33, pageEnd=39, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=16, authorNames=ZHANG Zhichuan, journalName=Design, refType=null, unstructuredReference= ZHANG Zhichuan . Discussion on the setting of flow switch in temporary high pressure fire protection water supply system[J]. Design, 2022, 7(2): 33-39., articleTitle=Discussion on the setting of flow switch in temporary high pressure fire protection water supply system, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1154040169100468557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, awardId=L231018, language=CN, fundingSource=北京市自然科学基金(L231018), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154040165153628423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154040165166211336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, companyId=1154040165153628423, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Beijing Urban Construction Design & Development Group Co., Ltd. Beijing 100037), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154040165594030345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, companyId=1154040165153628423, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 北京 100037)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1154040168328716604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Schematic diagram of the fire protection unit of the new subway line, figureFileSmall=RJisejL4Agxgb7bCRzUBJA==, figureFileBig=UNJJCjmvuONkoC5RsEPVzw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040168425185598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=CN, label=图 1, caption=地铁新线消防供水单元示意, figureFileSmall=RJisejL4Agxgb7bCRzUBJA==, figureFileBig=UNJJCjmvuONkoC5RsEPVzw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040168488100159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Olympic Sports Center station fire pump room layout, figureFileSmall=16O4gJArHypuyBYtZLKkXw==, figureFileBig=ibB1D8C1rMM1/S+8tzOLIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040168584569152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=CN, label=图 2, caption=奥体中心站消防泵房, figureFileSmall=16O4gJArHypuyBYtZLKkXw==, figureFileBig=ibB1D8C1rMM1/S+8tzOLIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040168634900801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Schematic diagram of a typical fire pump room system at a dual-water source station (with a backflow preventer on the suction pipe), figureFileSmall=avqYtLyymZSLW/5QR/TVqQ==, figureFileBig=REE2msVYG3kiJAh+IDXtxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040168681038146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=CN, label=图 3, caption=典型双水源车站消防泵房系统示意(吸水管上设有倒流防止器), figureFileSmall=avqYtLyymZSLW/5QR/TVqQ==, figureFileBig=REE2msVYG3kiJAh+IDXtxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040168727175491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=List of fire protection system compositions and system pump start-up modes, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
线路名称 消防保护范围 消防水源条件 消防设备组成 启泵方式及特点
北京地铁 14 号线 (2013 年 5 月开通) 双水源保护本站及左、右各 半个区间, 单水源车站与邻 站互为备用 两路水源,消防泵直 抽,设市政超越管 消防主泵,无稳压泵 需要人工手动消防按钮启泵, 联动 FAS 系统启泵, 或硬线直 启消防泵。
上海地铁某条线路 一期(2015 年底开通) 双水源车站保护本站及各 半个区间 消防主泵,无稳压泵; 设 2 个流量开关 增加流量开关水力启泵方式。
浙江某市地铁 1 号线 (2022 年 6 月开通) 本站与一侧区间为一个消 防保护单元,平时关断消防 单元之间连通管 消防主泵及稳压装置;设 2 个 压力开关 1 个流量开关;扬水 管增设倒流防止器 增加 2 个压力开关、1 个流量开 关启泵方式。
), ArticleFig(id=1154040168769118532, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=消防系统组成与系统启泵方式, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
线路名称 消防保护范围 消防水源条件 消防设备组成 启泵方式及特点
北京地铁 14 号线 (2013 年 5 月开通) 双水源保护本站及左、右各 半个区间, 单水源车站与邻 站互为备用 两路水源,消防泵直 抽,设市政超越管 消防主泵,无稳压泵 需要人工手动消防按钮启泵, 联动 FAS 系统启泵, 或硬线直 启消防泵。
上海地铁某条线路 一期(2015 年底开通) 双水源车站保护本站及各 半个区间 消防主泵,无稳压泵; 设 2 个流量开关 增加流量开关水力启泵方式。
浙江某市地铁 1 号线 (2022 年 6 月开通) 本站与一侧区间为一个消 防保护单元,平时关断消防 单元之间连通管 消防主泵及稳压装置;设 2 个 压力开关 1 个流量开关;扬水 管增设倒流防止器 增加 2 个压力开关、1 个流量开 关启泵方式。
), ArticleFig(id=1154040168832033093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Olympic Sports Center Station pressure switch, flow switch start pump test data, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 稳压泵 启动时间/s 主泵启动 时间 /s 压力开关 动作值 流量开关 动作值 结果描述
工况 1: 开启近端消火栓 7 42 0.29 2.5 稳压泵先启动,流量开关 ${42}\mathrm{\;s}$ 动作后,消防 主泵启动;压力开关现场设定值低,超越管稳 压在 0.29 MPa,压力开关无法动作
工况 2:切除流量开关,开启近端 消火栓 7 - 0.27 - 切除流量开关。稳压泵先启,市政超越管将泵 后管网稳压在 ${0.27}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ ,压力开关无动作
工况 3:切除压力开关,开启近端 消火栓 7 42 0.27 2.5 稳压泵7s后动作,42 s后流量开关动作,主 泵启动
工况 4: 将压力开关 $P$ 值调至设计 值 0.35 Mpa, 分别开启近端消火栓 (距泵房 ${20}\mathrm{\;m}$ )和远端消火栓(距离 泵房 250 m) - 5 0.35 2.5 无论开启近端还是远端消火栓,压力开关 $5\mathrm{\;s}$ 后动作,消防泵启动,稳压泵未启动
), ArticleFig(id=1154040168903336263, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745456181330162, language=CN, label=表 2, caption=奥体中心站各工况下压力开关、流量开关启泵测试数据, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况 稳压泵 启动时间/s 主泵启动 时间 /s 压力开关 动作值 流量开关 动作值 结果描述
工况 1: 开启近端消火栓 7 42 0.29 2.5 稳压泵先启动,流量开关 ${42}\mathrm{\;s}$ 动作后,消防 主泵启动;压力开关现场设定值低,超越管稳 压在 0.29 MPa,压力开关无法动作
工况 2:切除流量开关,开启近端 消火栓 7 - 0.27 - 切除流量开关。稳压泵先启,市政超越管将泵 后管网稳压在 ${0.27}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ ,压力开关无动作
工况 3:切除压力开关,开启近端 消火栓 7 42 0.27 2.5 稳压泵7s后动作,42 s后流量开关动作,主 泵启动
工况 4: 将压力开关 $P$ 值调至设计 值 0.35 Mpa, 分别开启近端消火栓 (距泵房 ${20}\mathrm{\;m}$ )和远端消火栓(距离 泵房 250 m) - 5 0.35 2.5 无论开启近端还是远端消火栓,压力开关 $5\mathrm{\;s}$ 后动作,消防泵启动,稳压泵未启动
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146119287908970507, delFlag=0, nameCn=都市快轨交通, nameEn=Urban Rapid Rail Transit, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1672-6073, eissn=, cn=11-5144/U, coden=null, periodic=1, language=CN, oaType=0, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=P1a+Ek/jjjHf/jufN8hKnw==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Urban Rap Rail Trans, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=null, updatedTime=1756899235814, createdBy=null, updatedBy=18614031015, firstLetterCn=U, firstLetterEn=U, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=工程, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=P1a+Ek/jjjHf/jufN8hKnw==, picEn=Ml/zvLJzYsu7AhRo5kg9VQ==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1158448607830827008, language=CN, name=都市快轨交通, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=中国科学技术协会, sponsoredBy=中国技术经济学会, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=北京市西直门外北京交通大学机械工程楼D905室, officeZip=100044, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=http://www.urt.cn, createdTime=1754125271042, updatedTime=1754125271042, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://dskgjt.ijournals.cn/dskgjt/site/menu/20200615141511001, submissionAuthorUrl=http://dskgjt.ijournals.cn/dskgjt/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://dskgjt.ijournals.cn/dskgjt/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://dskgjt.ijournals.cn/dskgjt/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1158448607931490305, language=EN, name=Urban Rapid Rail Transit, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1754125271065, updatedTime=1754125271065, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=http://dskgjt.ijournals.cn/dskgjten/site/menu/20241120152535001, submissionAuthorUrl=http://dskgjt.ijournals.cn/dskgjt/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://dskgjt.ijournals.cn/dskgjt/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://dskgjt.ijournals.cn/dskgjt/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1146123302524792850, websiteList=[Website(id=1148243202399789480, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146123302524792850, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dskgjt/CN, language=CN, createTime=1751692112779, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753522796719, updateBy=18614031015, name=都市快轨交通-中文站点, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=都市快轨交通, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155921926926229709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202399789480, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753522863370, updateTime=1753522863370, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155921926905258186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202399789480, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753522863365, updateTime=1753522863365, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155921926896869577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202399789480, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=AqFiyT4buOvVaL3FTbHG1g==, createTime=1753522863363, updateTime=1753522863363, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155921926917841100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202399789480, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1753522863368, updateTime=1753522863368, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155921926913646795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1148243202399789480, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1753522863367, updateTime=1753522863367, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1155921810454626336, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1146123302524792850, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dskgjt/EN, language=EN, createTime=1753522835604, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1753522835604, updateBy=18614031015, name=都市快轨交通-英文站点, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Urban Rapid Rail Transit, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1155922050809192658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155921810454626336, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1753522892906, updateTime=1753522892906, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155922050792415439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155921810454626336, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1753522892902, updateTime=1753522892902, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155922050788221134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155921810454626336, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic?fileId=AqFiyT4buOvVaL3FTbHG1g==, createTime=1753522892901, updateTime=1753522892901, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155922050804998353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155921810454626336, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/kjdb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1753522892905, updateTime=1753522892905, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1155922050796609744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1155921810454626336, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1753522892903, updateTime=1753522892903, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=都市快轨交通, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=null, iacademicId=null, status=0, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Urban Rapid Rail Transit, journalPhotoCn=P1a+Ek/jjjHf/jufN8hKnw==, journalPhotoEn=Ml/zvLJzYsu7AhRo5kg9VQ==, journalFirstLetter=U, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=null, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dskgjt/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.018, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dskgjt/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.018, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dskgjt/CN/PDF/10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.018, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dskgjt/EN/PDF/10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.018, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
地铁车站消防给水控制系统优化研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
穆育红
都市快轨交通 | 机电工程 2024,37(4): 124-129
收起
收藏切换
都市快轨交通 | 机电工程 2024, 37(4): 124-129
地铁车站消防给水控制系统优化研究
全屏
穆育红
作者信息
  • 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 北京 100037
  • 穆育红,女,本科,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通给排水、交通枢纽、海绵城市设计等工作,

Optimization of Fire Water Supply Control System in Subway Stations
Yuhong MU
Affiliations
  • Beijing Urban Construction Design & Development Group Co., Ltd. Beijing 100037
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.018
文章导航
收藏切换

针对地铁车站消防系统启泵不动作、时间过长等问题,研究其市政直接加压供水的消防给水控制系统自动启泵的优化方法。首先在地铁车站进行消防系统自动启泵的现场试验,然后针对现场测试数据展开分析,掌握消防系统压力与流量的变化特点,最后创建基于站点市政水压阈值条件下确定压力开关、流量开关、稳压泵组取值的新方法。研究结果表明:由于压力开关的设定值受市政水压影响,车站市政直抽消防系统应采用高压稳压;不同工况下压力开关、流量开关具有互补性,因此流量开关与压力开关均设定为自动启泵,提高自动启泵可靠性;压力开关、流量开关与稳压泵组之间的动作值逻辑关系应根据泵房不同的设置方案进行相应调整,避免消防管网渗漏引起压力开关、流量开关误动作启泵的风险,解决自动启泵时间过长或过快的问题。研究成果以期为地铁新线消火栓给水系统及消防泵房的设计提供参考,保证车站消防给水系统顺利实现自动启泵,有效提升地铁消防给水系统的效率与安全。

地铁车站  /  消防给水控制系统  /  压力开关  /  流量开关

The study addressed issues related to the nonaction and delayed response times of subway station fire protection systems, focusing on optimizing the automatic pump start method for fire water supply control systems utilizing municipal direct pressurized water supply. Initially, a field test was conducted on the automatic pump start system at a subway station, followed by a detailed analysis of the test data to understand pressure and flow rate change dynamics within the fire protection system. Based on this analysis, a novel approach was developed to determine optimal settings for the pressure switch, flow switch, and stabilizer pump unit, calibrated explicitly to the municipal water pressure thresholds at each station. Findings highlighted the necessity of employing highpressure stabilization due to the influence of municipal water pressure on the pressure switch. Additionally, it was noted that the interplay between pressure and flow switches is crucial under varying operational conditions, necessitating their complementary roles in enabling automatic pump start functionality to enhance reliability. Adjustments were recommended for the logical relationship between the flow switch activation threshold and the stabilizer pump unit settings in different pump room configurations. This adjustment aimed to prevent inadvertent pump startups triggered by fire pipe network leaks, thereby addressing concerns related to overly prolonged or rapid pump activation. These research outcomes are essential guidelines for designing new subway lines' fire hydrant water supply systems and fire pump rooms. Their application ensures smooth automatic initiation of station fire water supply systems, effectively enhancing efficiency and safety across subway network fire protection systems.

subway station  /  fire water supply control system  /  pressure switch  /  flow switch
穆育红. 地铁车站消防给水控制系统优化研究. 都市快轨交通, 2024 , 37 (4) : 124 -129 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.018
Yuhong MU. Optimization of Fire Water Supply Control System in Subway Stations[J]. Urban Rapid Rail Transit, 2024 , 37 (4) : 124 -129 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.018
我国城市轨道交通建设迅猛发展, 2023 年底累计运营线路里程超过 1 万 km,日均客运量突破 8000 万人次 [ 1 ] 。随着运营里程和客流量的不断增加, 地铁消防给水系统的高效与安全显得更加重要。因此在发现火灾时, 实现消防系统快速启泵、迅速灭火, 是保证地铁运营安全的关键因素之一。
根据旧版《建筑设计防火规范》(GB50016- 2006 ) 要求, 2014 年以前通车的地铁线路, 车站消防泵房内只设从市政直抽的消防加压泵组, 消防启泵由人工现场操作消火栓启泵按钮联动火灾自动报警系统(fair alarm system, FAS)启动, 或在车控室的综合后备控制盘(introductory biology project, IBP)按下启泵按钮, 硬线直启消防泵。受 FAS 系统的可靠性、硬线连接故障率等诸多因素影响, 消防系统经常存在无法直接启动消防泵或启泵时间过长等现象。《消防给水及消火栓系统技术规范》(GB 50974- 2014 ) 发布后,各条新线根据规范自行设计消防泵房方案, 在调试和验收水消防系统时, 消火栓控制系统纷纷出现压力开关、流量开关数值变化慢且迟迟不动作, 消防泵无法自动启动或启动时间过长问题,不满足规范 要求。针对上述问题, 本文创建了一种基于站点市政水压阈值条件下确定压力开关、流量开关、稳压泵组取值的新方法, 根据地铁消防系统由市政直抽的特点, 优化国标图集中的计算方法以提升地铁消防给水控制系统安全性。
随着产品技术的进步和消防规范的更新, 地铁消防系统也在逐步变化。消防规范原来是通过人工与 FAS 系统启泵, 现增加了水力自动启泵、机械应急启泵的功能, 提升了消防启泵的可靠性与安全性。消防系统组成与系统启泵方式见 表 1
表 1 可知, 轨道交通消防系统的发展过程主要依据消防管网与控制方式的变化, 消防保护单元最初根据水源条件采用一站各半个区间或两站互为备用模式, 在发生火灾时, 由人工现场操作消防启泵按钮启动消防泵, 并经车控室人员确认。地铁新线根据规范 [ 3 ] 要求增加自动启泵功能后,地铁消防系统基本采用一站一区间的消防单元模式, 降低稳压泵组稳压对其他消防单元的管网压力影响, 减少消防泵误动作对其他消防单元带来的干扰 [ 4 ] 。每个消防保护单元之间设连通阀门, 既可保证平时独立运行, 也可确保火灾时为相邻消防单元提供水源。地铁新线消防供水单元示意见 图 1
消防给水系统的控制方式, 从最初的消火栓按钮启泵, 到增设稳压泵组、压力开关、流量开关, 实现了从人工启泵到水力自动启泵的功能提升。但各城市地铁新线的消防系统自动启泵方案,尤其是压力开关、 流量开关的设置位置、取值与功能千差万别, 现场调试或验收时, 消防启泵会出现各种异常状况, 因此, 亟须找到更合理的消防启泵设计方案 [ 5 ]
本文以浙江绍兴 1 号线奥体中心站为例, 针对消防自动启泵现场调试与运行时发生的问题, 对消防控制系统中的压力和流量开关设置位置、作用与取值进行专门测试, 掌握消防系统与消防泵房内管网压降与流量的变化规律, 分析地铁车站消防给水控制系统顺利实现自动启泵的关键因素, 并针对压力和流量开关动作值进行优化。
绍兴 1 号线主线长 ${26.8}\mathrm{\;{km}}$ ,设置包括奥体中心站在内的 18 座车站, 2022 年 6 月底开通, 与杭州地铁 5 号线无缝换乘, 为杭州 2022 年第 19 届亚运会提供交通保障。设计团队选择在绍兴市地铁 1 号线奥体中心站进行消防系统自动启泵测试。
奥体中心站为标准的两层地铁车站, 消防泵房设有从市政管网直接抽水加压的消防加压与稳压泵组, 消防扬水管上设有压力开关、流量开关、倒流防止器。 通过开启车站内相对消防泵房的近端消火栓和远端室内消火栓, 分别切断压力开关和流量开关、调整压力开关动作值等工况, 开展不同工况条件下的消防自动启泵测试, 奥体中心站消防泵房如 图 2 所示。测试前关闭与 FAS 系统的联动, 即只测试自动启泵功能。设计参数如下。
消防泵(一用一备):流量 ${Q}_{\text{消 }}= {20}\mathrm{\;L}/\mathrm{s}$ ,扬程 ${H}_{\text{扬 }}= {40}\mathrm{\;m}$ ; 稳压泵(一用一备):流量 ${Q}_{\text{稳 }}= 1\mathrm{\;L}/\mathrm{s}$ ,扬程 ${H}_{\text{稳 }}= {45}\mathrm{\;m}$ ;启泵压力 ${P}_{1}= {0.42}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ ,停泵压力 ${P}_{2}= {0.49}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ ;流量开关: 动作值 ${q}_{\mathrm{d}}= {2.5}\mathrm{\;L}/\mathrm{s}$ ;压力开关:设计设定值 $P ={0.35}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ (现场设定值 $P ={0.25}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ )。
奥体中心站压力开关、流量开关启泵测试数据分为 4 个工况, 如 表 2 所示。
1) 工况 1: 由于施工单位现场设定的压力开关值 ${0.25}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ 小于设计设定值 ${0.35}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ ,且小于本站市政管网水压 ${P}_{\mathrm{S}}$ ,当开启距离车站消防泵房近端的消火栓时, 由于市政超越管提供稳压, 消防管网难以降到压力开关动作值, 压力开关失效无法动作。因此地铁线路设定压力开关值 $P$ 要高于 ${P}_{\mathrm{S}}$
2) 工况 2: 当切断流量开关时, 因压力开关失效, 消防泵无法自动启泵。
3) 工况 3: 当消防泵房流量开关正常而压力开关失效时, 车站消防给水系统通过流量开关实现自动启动泵, 因此地铁车站消防泵房在压力开关失效时, 流量开关也可以实现自动启泵。
4) 工况 4: 调整压力开关到设计值 ${0.35}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ ,打开消火栓, 压力开关总是先于流量开关动作启泵, 因此, 在此工况下, 压力开关自动启泵更可靠。
综上, 直抽消防系统, 宜以车站消防泵房的市政水压压力 ${P}_{\mathrm{S}}$ 为参考,建立起启泵参数之间的逻辑关系: 压力开关动作值 $P ={P}_{\mathrm{S}}+ 5$ ,稳压泵组启泵压力值 ${P}_{1}= P + 5$ , 停泵压力值 ${P}_{2}= {P}_{1}+ 7$ ,同时 ${q}_{\mathrm{d}}= {2.5}\mathrm{\;L}/\mathrm{s}$ 。参数取值简洁清晰, 保证压力开关和流量开关均可启动消防泵。
车站消防泵扬水干管上设有倒流防止器泵房内水流为单向流, 当打开消火栓, 消防管道无法在泵房内形成水量互补, 因此消防泵房内的管网压降迅速, 相比消防泵扬水管上不设倒流防止器的地铁车站, 启泵时间更短(5~53 s),宜适当采取措施避免过快启泵造成误动作。
通过对测试数据分析, 得出在车站消防系统为双水源市政直抽、稳压装置与市政超越管同时稳压的条件下(如 图 3 所示), 消防优化方案如下。
1) 由于有市政超越管的水压波动影响车站消防管网压力开关动作, 为减小市政水压的干扰, 保证压力开关及时动作,消防稳压泵组应从国标图集《消防给水及消火栓系统技术规范》(15S909) 图示的低压稳压优化为高压稳压方案,即 ${P}_{\mathrm{S}}< P <{P}_{1}$
2) 优化压力开关动作值的计算方法, 不是根据稳压泵组启停值来确定, 要根据所在车站消防泵房吸水管上压力表常年显示的市政水压压力值 ${P}_{\mathrm{S}}$ ,来调整压力开关动作值。如 ${P}_{\mathrm{S}}= {0.30}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ 时,压力开关动作值宜高于市政水压 $5 \sim 7\mathrm{m}$ ,可取 $P ={0.35}\mathrm{{MPa}}$
3) 为保证及时启泵, 要保证压力开关动作值与稳压泵组启泵值间的差值不宜过大,宜取 $5 \sim 7\mathrm{m}$ 。根据文献 [ 3 ] 要求,稳压泵组启停值要高于压力开关动作值 7 ~10 m。由于地铁车站与区间消防管网连通,管线长且为水平管网,当开启消防泵房远端的一个消火栓时, 压降慢, 压力开关长时间达不到动作值, 迟迟不能自动启泵。为适应地铁车站消防管网特点, 稳压泵动作值宜取 ${P}_{1}= P + 5 ={0.40}\mathrm{{MPa}},{P}_{2}= {0.47}\mathrm{{MP}}{\mathrm{a}}$ [7
4) 地铁车站消防泵房宜同时设置流量开关、压力开关启泵。若地铁线路把流量开关作为报警信号, 则不能避免一旦市政水压波动造成压力开关失效导致无法自动启动消防泵的问题。从车站测试分析可知, 在压力开关不动作时, 流量开关实现了及时动作启泵,使车站消防系统自动启泵方案更为可靠 [ 8 ]
按照 ${q}_{\mathrm{x}}< {q}_{\mathrm{d}}< {q}_{\mathrm{x}}+ 5\left({q}_{\mathrm{x}}\right.$ 为消防管网泄流量)的原则,为保证打开一只消火栓后迅速启泵, 流量开关设定值宜为 ${q}_{\mathrm{d}}= {2.5}\mathrm{\;L}/{\mathrm{s}}$ [9 。与普通地面建筑竖向消防环网相比, 地铁消防管网水平环网且管线过长, 当开启地铁车站消防泵房远端的消火栓时, 易形成流量互补、流量开关的变化值偏小的情形;如按一个消火栓流量 $5\mathrm{\;L}/\mathrm{s}$ 设定流量开关动作值, 则流量开关动作时间过长。根据现场测试, 采用消火栓一半流量作为启泵流量时, 启泵时间不会过长。
当地铁车站消防泵房在市政直抽基础上, 将消防泵扬水干管增加倒流防止器时, 消防泵房内的扬水干管水流变单向流, 车站消防管网无法形成环流给消防泵房管网补水, 当开启一支消火栓时, 泵房内管道压力迅速下降,不到 ${10}\mathrm{\;s}$ 就达到压力开关动作值,迅速启动了消防泵。系统过于灵敏, 极易在管网漏水时迅速启泵。此时优化方案为: 加大压力开关动作值与稳压泵组启泵值间的差值, 可取稳压泵启泵压力 ${P}_{1}= P +{\left( 7 \sim {10}\right)}$ [6 ,防止管网漏水引起消防泵误动作问题的发生; 同时可设定流量开关动作后延迟 ${10}\sim {30}\mathrm{\;s}$ 启动消防泵组。
北京 2022 年底开通的某条新线地铁, 按 3.1 节优化方案实施后, 现场消防验收, 分别打开近端或远端的消火栓,压力开关与流量开关都及时动作,迅速自动启泵, 测试非常顺利。后期运营阶段, 没有出现消防泵误动作自动启泵的问题, 验证了优化方案的有效性。
建议地铁新线的消防系统, 应首先根据车站水源条件与消防方案, 参考优化方案, 确定消防系统设计; 然后跟踪车站消防系统现场调试, 调研车站消防泵房所在的市政水压值范围, 根据市政水压, 调整压力开关、稳压泵组设定值; 再根据启泵试验结果, 针对启泵时间过长的情况, 调小压力开关与稳压泵组之间差值, 当启泵过快容易产生误动作时, 加大稳压泵组与压力开关之间的差值, 或设定流量开关动作后延迟 ${10}\sim {30}\mathrm{\;s}$ 启泵防止误动作的发生。根据现场实际调试后的地铁车站消防方案, 更具可靠性、安全性、适用性, 有效保障地铁运营安全与消防安全。
根据针对地铁车站自动启泵所作的测试, 可以得到如下结论:
1) 市政直抽的车站消防系统宜采用高压稳压系统。
2) 压力开关动作值宜高于车站市政水压 $5 \sim 7\mathrm{\;m}$
3) 稳压泵组启泵值宜高于压力开关动作值 $5\mathrm{\;m}$ ,在扬水管设置倒流防止器时,宜高于 $7 \sim {10}\mathrm{\;m}$
4) 压力开关流量开关宜同时设定为自动启泵功能 [ 3 ] ,防止压力开关失效。
  • 北京市自然科学基金(L231018)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
侯秀芳, 冯晨, 燕汉民, 等. 2023年中国内地城市轨道交通运营线路概况[J]. 都市快轨交通, 2024, 37(1): 10-16.
HOU Xiufang , FENG Chen , YAN Hanmin , et al. . Overview of urban rail transit operational lines in Chinese mainland in 2023[J]. Urban rapid rail transit, 2024, 37(1): 10-16.
[2]
中华人民共和国建设部. 建筑设计防火规范[S]. GB50016-2006 北京: 中国计划出版社, 2006.
Ministry of construction of the People's Republic of China. Code of design on building fire protection and prevention[S]. GB50016-2006 Beijing: China Planning Press, 2006.
[3]
中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 消防给水及消火栓系统技术规范[S]. GB50974—2014 北京: 中国计划出版社, 2014.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China. Technical Code for fire protection water supply and hydrant systems[S]. GB50974-2014 Beijing: China Planning Press, 2014.
[4]
穆育红. 轨道交通消防给水系统演变与优化[J]. 都市快轨交通, 2021, 34(4): 132-137.
MU Yuhong . Evolution and optimization of rail transit fire protection[J]. Urban rapid rail transit, 2021, 34(4): 132-137.
[5]
叶宣飞. 地铁叠压消防供水压力开关、流量开关启泵问题探讨[J]. 中国设备工程, 2022. 23): 15-17.
YE Xuanfei . Discussion on pump start-up of pressure switch and flow switch for fire fighting water supply in subway[J]. China plant engineering, 2022. 23): 15-17.
[6]
中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 《消防给水及消火栓系统技术规范》图示图示: 15S909[S]. 北京: 中国计划出版社, 2015.
[7]
穆永信, 王健稳. 地铁车站消防泵自动启泵设计压力探讨[J]. 中国给水排水, 2018, 34(18): 66-68.
MU Yongxin , WANG Jianwen . Discussion on pressure of automatic starting fire pump in subway station[J]. China water &amp; wastewater, 2018, 34(18): 66-68.
[8]
赵世明. 消防给水临时高压系统的启泵控制分析[J]. 给水排水, 2018, 54(1): 102-106.
ZHAO Shiming . Analysis of pump start-up control of temporary high-pressure fire water supply system[J]. Water &amp; wastewater engineering, 2018, 54(1): 102-106.
[9]
张之川. 消防给水系统流量开关的设置问题与研讨[J]. 设计, 2022, 7(2): 33-39.
ZHANG Zhichuan . Discussion on the setting of flow switch in temporary high pressure fire protection water supply system[J]. Design, 2022, 7(2): 33-39.
2024年第37卷第4期
PDF下载
316
117
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.018
  • 接收时间:2023-11-02
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-02
  • 修回日期:2024-03-18
基金
北京市自然科学基金(L231018)
作者信息
    北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 北京 100037
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dskgjt/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.018
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏