Article(id=1149744612228645746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149744594201523010, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.03.009, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1703779200000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-29, revisedDate=1707235200000, revisedDateStr=2024-02-07, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752050076777, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752050076777, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752050076777, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752050076777, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149744594201523010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, year='2024', volume='37', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='177', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1752050072478, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753780147518, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1157001054903685255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149744594201523010, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1157001054903685256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149744594201523010, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=69, endPage=74, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149744612513858437, articleId=1149744612228645746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=EN, title=Intelligent Operation and Maintenance System for Urban Rail Transit Switch Machines, columnId=1154040217725031287, journalTitle=Urban Rapid Rail Transit, columnName=Green·Smart Album, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

A switch machine is a core equipment of a signal system with the largest maintenance volume, strongest maintenance difficulty, and a wide range of equipment failures. With the increase in intelligent operation and maintenance research in the urban rail transit industry, research on intelligent operation and maintenance of switch machines has attracted the interest of industry scholars. It is the foundation for achieving intelligent maintenance of urban rail signals and intelligent operation and maintenance production organization modes. This article summarizes the limitations of traditional microcomputer monitoring systems and proposes an intelligent system based on the maintenance difficulties and pain points of switch machines in the industry. The system includes critical state perception, intelligent fault diagnosis, critical state warning, and health assessment, and proposes specific implementation methods. The system was successfully applied to Nanning Metro Lines 4 and 5, and significant benefits were obtained.

, correspAuthors=Hui SHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Weishi SHI, Zuning HUANG, Hui SHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149744635507032897, articleId=1149744612228645746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=CN, title=城市轨道交通道岔转辙机智能运维系统研究, columnId=1154040217863443320, journalTitle=都市快轨交通, columnName=绿色·智慧专论, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

道岔转辙机是信号系统核心设备,其维护量大、维保难度高、设备故障影响程度较广,随着智能运维研究在城市轨道交通行业的兴起,道岔转辙机智能运维是实现城轨信号维护智能化、运维生产组织模式智能化的基础。总结传统微机监测系统的不足,结合行业道岔转辙机维保难点和痛点,提出一套智能运维系统,主要包括关键状态感知、故障智能诊断、关键状态预警及健康评估等,并提出具体的实现方法。该系统目前已成功应用于南宁轨道交通4、5号线,具有显著效益。

, correspAuthors=商晖, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
商晖,女,博士,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通运维管理工作,
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石卫师,男,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通运维管理工作,

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参数 对比阈值 健康状态
缺口值 偏离阈值 道岔转换不到位 密贴状态不良等
峰值电流 超出上限阈值 转换不顺畅,存在卡阻 道岔密贴力较大等
超出下限阈值 电缆环阻较大 道岔密贴力不足 道岔动作不同步等
峰值功率 超出上限阈值 道岔解锁困难,锁钩过紧 道岔转换阻力较大等
平均电流 超出上限阈值 电路短路/电路阻值降低 道岔密贴力较大 转换不顺畅,存在卡阻等
超出下限阈值 电缆环阻较大 道岔密贴力较大 道岔动作不平顺等
转换时间 超出上限阈值 道岔卡组 道岔转换阻力较大 继电器老化等
超出下限阈值 电动机转换异常 三相交流电缺相 1DOJ 自闭电路异常等
), ArticleFig(id=1154040276373988260, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744612228645746, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=健康评价参数含义, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 对比阈值 健康状态
缺口值 偏离阈值 道岔转换不到位 密贴状态不良等
峰值电流 超出上限阈值 转换不顺畅,存在卡阻 道岔密贴力较大等
超出下限阈值 电缆环阻较大 道岔密贴力不足 道岔动作不同步等
峰值功率 超出上限阈值 道岔解锁困难,锁钩过紧 道岔转换阻力较大等
平均电流 超出上限阈值 电路短路/电路阻值降低 道岔密贴力较大 转换不顺畅,存在卡阻等
超出下限阈值 电缆环阻较大 道岔密贴力较大 道岔动作不平顺等
转换时间 超出上限阈值 道岔卡组 道岔转换阻力较大 继电器老化等
超出下限阈值 电动机转换异常 三相交流电缺相 1DOJ 自闭电路异常等
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城市轨道交通道岔转辙机智能运维系统研究
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石卫师 , 黄祖宁 , 商晖
都市快轨交通 | 绿色·智慧专论 2024,37(3): 69-74
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都市快轨交通 | 绿色·智慧专论 2024, 37(3): 69-74
城市轨道交通道岔转辙机智能运维系统研究
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石卫师 , 黄祖宁, 商晖
作者信息
  • 南宁轨道交通集团有限责任公司 南宁 530029
  • 石卫师,男,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通运维管理工作,

通讯作者:

商晖,女,博士,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通运维管理工作,
Intelligent Operation and Maintenance System for Urban Rail Transit Switch Machines
Weishi SHI , Zuning HUANG, Hui SHANG
Affiliations
  • Nanning Rail Transit Co., Ltd. Nanning 530029
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.03.009
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道岔转辙机是信号系统核心设备,其维护量大、维保难度高、设备故障影响程度较广,随着智能运维研究在城市轨道交通行业的兴起,道岔转辙机智能运维是实现城轨信号维护智能化、运维生产组织模式智能化的基础。总结传统微机监测系统的不足,结合行业道岔转辙机维保难点和痛点,提出一套智能运维系统,主要包括关键状态感知、故障智能诊断、关键状态预警及健康评估等,并提出具体的实现方法。该系统目前已成功应用于南宁轨道交通4、5号线,具有显著效益。

轨道交通  /  道岔转辙机  /  智能运维系统  /  故障诊断  /  状态预警  /  健康评估

A switch machine is a core equipment of a signal system with the largest maintenance volume, strongest maintenance difficulty, and a wide range of equipment failures. With the increase in intelligent operation and maintenance research in the urban rail transit industry, research on intelligent operation and maintenance of switch machines has attracted the interest of industry scholars. It is the foundation for achieving intelligent maintenance of urban rail signals and intelligent operation and maintenance production organization modes. This article summarizes the limitations of traditional microcomputer monitoring systems and proposes an intelligent system based on the maintenance difficulties and pain points of switch machines in the industry. The system includes critical state perception, intelligent fault diagnosis, critical state warning, and health assessment, and proposes specific implementation methods. The system was successfully applied to Nanning Metro Lines 4 and 5, and significant benefits were obtained.

rail transit  /  turnout machine  /  intelligent operation and maintenance system  /  fault diagnosis  /  status warning  /  health assessment
石卫师, 黄祖宁, 商晖. 城市轨道交通道岔转辙机智能运维系统研究. 都市快轨交通, 2024 , 37 (3) : 69 -74 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.03.009
Weishi SHI, Zuning HUANG, Hui SHANG. Intelligent Operation and Maintenance System for Urban Rail Transit Switch Machines[J]. Urban Rapid Rail Transit, 2024 , 37 (3) : 69 -74 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.03.009
传统的城市轨道交通设备维保模式存在的弊病日益显著, 如高频次远程终端巡视、周期性养护和检修、 可靠性重度依赖人的经验和状态; 设备监测海量运行数据无法得到有效应用; 不能完全掌握和利用系统数据, 维修不能做到准确决策; 周期性维修模式不能实时控制系统出现的偏差等,为此智能运维概念应运而生。智能运维系统是集在线监测、智能分析、运维指挥于一体的智能型维护系统, 系统采用大数据分析、 人工智能等技术手段提升维护自动化水平,目标是保障运营安全、降低设备故障、提升运维效率。相比于传统的维护系统, 智能运维具备故障智能诊断、智能预警及线网级运维功能等。
道岔转辙机是城市轨道交通信号系统的核心组成部分, 其维护量约占信号系统设备维护量的 40%, 其故障模式具有种类多、隐蔽性强、传导面广、诊断难、 危害大等特点, 研究道岔转辙机智能运维系统对提升现场信号设备维保水平、保障行车安全至关重要。
虽然国外在城市轨道交通领域发展较早,但其智能运维系统的发展较为缓慢, 如日本 COS-MOS 新干线综合运输管理系统、德国 COBRA 列车设备诊断系统及法国 TIGRE 铁路动车组维修监测系统已广泛成熟应用, 但仅局限于常规的监测, 其一体化、集成化、 智能化没有明显优势 [ 1 ] 。国内智能运维研究方兴未艾, 施聪阐述了上海地铁通信信号专业智能运维系统的创新性体系结构、技术方案架构及业务功能 [ 2 ] 。胡寿建等 [ 3 ] 研究设计了天津地铁 9 号线信号智能运维系统, 对系统数据源、数据处理、数据存储、数据分析、数据应用 5 层架构进行总体阐述, 提出了综合监测中心、 分析决策中心、健康管理中心、生产指挥中心 4 种系统应用设计。王冰等 [ 4 ] 阐述了城轨智能运维技术内涵和涉及的相关技术, 分析研究具有较强代表性的北京、 上海、广州、深圳地区城轨公司在智能运维技术方面的发展动态, 指出现阶段我国城轨行业在智能运维发展中存在的不足。同时研究学者大量采用神经网络、支持向量机、灰色关联分析等技术开展故障诊断研究 [ 5 - 7 ] 。由此可见,智能运维技术将发展成为行业趋势, 但目前的研究着重于智能运维系统架构的设计及针对单一功能应用基于单一数据的实现方法, 侧重点在于算法的优化。没有完整地从状态感知、故障智能诊断、关键状态预警、健康评估等 4 大方面全面阐述道岔转辙机智能运维设计与实现。
本文将以 ZYJ7 电动液压转辙机为研究对象设计智能运维系统, 主要内容为:
1) 多元技术融合的智能状态感知。选择感知技术适配不同种类设备及设备不同部件的工作特性, 通过融合多种感知技术方式, 完成关键设备全状态感知。
2) 可视化的控制电路故障点诊断。基于综合采集信息,应用智能分析技术,对设备故障进行智能诊断和定位, 并基于设备原理图方式, 直观显示设备故障位置, 提供故障原理图回放、故障摘要集中化显示、 报警处理等功能。
3) 自动化的关键状态预测。依据大数据分析技术, 对设备各电气特性参数长期趋势进行数据挖掘及规律分析,以便及时发现设备趋势变化情况。
4) 基于大数据的健康状态评估。基于统计理论、 智能理论和组合模型等评价方法, 建立信号系统关键设备使用寿命评估模型。综合考虑在线监测数据、异常数据、数据变化趋势、动作次数和时间等因素后, 各因素取不同权值, 综合评判设备健康指标。
智能运维系统架构如 图 1 所示, 架构主要由 4 部分构成。
1) 感知层。通过加装传感器及打通与既有维护支持子系统的接口等方式采集信号各种设备的状态数据, 包括道岔、车载、计轴、轨旁电子单元(lineside electronic unit, LEU)、数据通信系统(data communication system, DCS)、轨旁 ATP/ATO 控制器(zone controller, ZC)、列车自动监控(automatic train supervision, ATS)、 电源、联锁、数据存储单元(data storage unit, DSU)、 微机监测等。
2) 网络层实现感知层、中台层和应用层的互联互通。网络层的关键内容是标准的通信协议和标准的数据格式。
3)中台层包括数据中台和算法中台。数据中台实现数据管理的功能, 包括信号采集数据清洗、数据治理、数据标准化、数据存储和访问控制等多种功能。 算法中台提供基础的通用数据处理方法, 例如人工智能下的机器学习、深度学习、自然语音处理等,大数据接入、大数据存储、数据分析和挖掘、数据共享和交换、大数据展现等, 也包括视频和图像处理算法、 声音处理算法, 以及基础的时序定理物理定律等。
4) 应用层部署各种应用。数据设计平台、内部管理网、内部生产网和外部服务网与运营维护平台的接口也部署在应用层。
道岔转辙机电气状态感知主要为室内控制电路设备的电压、电流、开关量等参数测量。基于传统监测系统的道岔转辙机控制电路故障诊断难点在于无法自动诊断出故障点是室外还是室内, 启动电路回路故障还是表示电路回路故障等,需要依靠现场抢修人员的大量电气参数手工测量及经验判断。
本文设计的智能运维系统能够自动完成控制电路故障诊断,而完备的电气状态感知及其状态变化时序是基础, 电气状态感知主要有以下 3 种。
1) 电压状态感知(见 图 2 ): DBQ 三相电压, 控制线 X1、X2、X3、X4、X5 分别表示 1DQJ 的 1-2 线圈、 3-4 线圈电压, 1DQJF 的 1-4 线圈电压, 2DQJ 的 1-2 线圈、3-4 线圈电压, BHJ 的 1-4 线圈电压。电压采集点焊接在相应继电器的背板处, 再连接到对应组合侧面端子,之后通过侧面端子连接到综合采集机采集板。
2) 电流状态感知(见 图 3 ): DBQ 的 61、41、21 至 1QDF、1DQJ 间电流。
3) 开关量状态感知(见 图 4 ): DBJ、FBJ、1DQJ、 1DQJF 等接点,记录状态变化时序。
道岔控制电路的智能诊断是道岔故障诊断的核心部分, 当电路故障时, 如何快速定位故障成为道岔维护的难点。本部分研究旨在提供技术方案实现多种故障的准确定位(见 图 5 ),主要内容为:
步骤 1: 采集 1QDJ 动作状态, 据此判断道岔是否动作时发生故障,并输出故障时机判断。
步骤 2: 根据步骤 1 判定结果, 若 1QDJ 动作, 则对动作电路进行故障诊断分析; 若 $1\mathrm{{QDJ}}$ 不动作则对表示电路进行故障诊断分析。
步骤 3: 可选的, 其表示电路故障分析基于共用线和表示线间的表示交流电压和表示直流电压, 通过对比测量数值与预设值间的差异, 判断故障类别。
步骤 4: 可选的, 动作电路故障分析首先基于各继电器的动作时序, 构建继电器动作时序图, 判定继电器是否故障;若各继电器工作正常,则基于定、反位继电器的动作状态, 测量共用线和动作线间的三相电流, 对比预设电流阈值, 判定故障类别。
步骤 5: 可选的, 若步骤 4 测量的三相电流均正常, 则基于动作功率曲线, 对比参考功率曲线, 判定是否为转辙机室外动作不到位故障。
步骤 6: 可选的, 若步骤 5 判定的功率曲线正常, 则转至步骤 2 对表示电路进行判定。
步骤 7: 基于最终判定结果, 输出基于电路图的可视化故障诊断结果。
道岔长期运行于恶劣环境中,电气特性随之缓慢劣化,任何轻微异常均是故障的前兆。关键状态预警能够基于海量原始数据统计分析设备电气特性从量变到质变的趋势规律, 为预防故障提供基础。
本部分基于道岔功率曲线研究道岔转辙机电气特性趋势变化预警控制方法, 主要内容为:
步骤 1: 采集道岔功率曲线, 将道岔转换过程分为解锁、转换、锁闭和缓放等 4 个阶段, 同步将采集的功率数据分割为 4 个阶段数据, 纳入预测集。
步骤 2: 计算预测集数据的特征值。特征值有最大值、最小值、均值、中位值、极值差、峭度值、峰值因子、波形因子、脉冲因子、裕度因子等。
步骤 3: 建立故障特征集。首先建立常见的故障模式集。将故障模式类型的功率曲线纳入训练集, 计算相关的故障特征集。
步骤 4: 构建决策树。决策树的伪代码如 图 6 所示 [ 8 ]
构造决策树的关键在于如何选择最优划分属性, 具体计算如下:
计算样本集 $D$ 信息熵 Ent,即
$\operatorname{Ent}\left( D\right)= -\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{k = 1}}^{\left| y\right|}{p}_{k}{\log }_{2}{p}_{k}$
式中, $D$ 为样本集, $y$ 为标签(故障、正常), ${p}_{k}$ 为某一类样本占总样本数的比例。
离散属性 $a$$v$ 个可能的取值 $\left\{{{a}_{1},{a}_{2},\cdots ,{a}_{v}}\right\}$ , 用 $a$ 进行划分,则会产生 $v$ 个分支结点,其中第 $v$ 个分支结点包含了 $D$ 中所有在属性 $a$ 上取值为 ${a}_{v}$ 的样本, 记为 ${D}_{v}$ 。则可计算出用属性 $a$ 对样本集 $D$ 进行划分所获得的信息增益 Gain, 即
$\operatorname{Gain}\left({D, a}\right)= \operatorname{Ent}\left( D\right)- \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{u = 1}}^{v}\frac{\left|{D}^{u}\right|}{\left| D\right|}\operatorname{Ent}\left({D}^{u}\right)$
信息增益越大,意味着使用属性 $a$ 来进行划分所获得的“纯度提升”越大。
步骤 5: 对所有属性进行式(1)(2)计算后, 可以得到一个最优划分属性, 进而可以执行上述决策树的执行流程。
道岔的健康评估旨在通过对转辙机设备的状态数据的偏移程度进行态势分析和评价,针对评价为差的设备, 系统自动给出相应的处置建议, 引导维保人员重点关注, 是实现 “状态修” 的基础。
本部分基于道岔功率曲线、道岔动作电流曲线、 缺口监测等数据开展健康评估研究, 具体方法如 图 7 所示。
步骤 1: 判断当前道岔是否处于正常状态, 若为故障状态, 直接输出健康评分为 0 。
步骤 2: 若为正常状态, 则采集道岔功率曲线、道岔动作电流曲线、缺口监测等数据, 计算缺口值、峰值电流、峰值功率、平均电流、转换时间等健康评价参数。基于行业专家维保经验和设备原理分析, 通过对上述参数的综合判断, 可较为全面地覆盖对设备状态的综合评价, 如 表 1 所示。
步骤 3: 基于阈值正态分布的标准值计算和健康评分。各标准值虽不能在设备运行期间总能保持为同一完全相等的值, 但同为正常数据, 其值总会围绕在一个概率最大的值周围,这种现象称为 “能量密集点”。 故标准值的计算方式为收集特征值在正常状态的数据, 分析相关分布函数, 找到能量密集点。通过概率论可知, 在同种分类的情况下, 同一指标值的分布函数大部分符合正态分布 [ 9 ]
定义 $f\left( x\right)$ 称为 $x$ 的概率密度函数。当 $x$ 满足正态分布时, 其概率密度函数为
$ f\left( x\right)= \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi }\sigma }{\mathrm{e}}^{-\frac{{\left( x -\mu \right)}^{2}}{2{\sigma }^{2}}}$
正态分布的期望 $E\left( X\right)$ 的计算公式为
$ E\left( X\right)= {\int }_{-\infty }^{+\infty }{xf}\left( x\right)\mathrm{d}x ={\int }_{-\infty }^{+\infty }x \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi }\sigma }{\mathrm{e}}^{-\frac{{\left( x -\mu \right)}^{2}}{2{\sigma }^{2}}}\mathrm{\;d}x $
将相关特征值 ${x}_{1}$ 带入正态分布概率函数,求概率密度 $f\left({x}_{1}\right)$ ,并归一化处理为
$\widehat{f}\left({x}_{1}\right)= f\left({x}_{1}\right)/f\left( E\right)$
式中, $f\left( E\right)$ 为该特征值标准取值期望所对应的概率密度,为概率密度最大值; $\widehat{f}\left({x}_{1}\right)$ 为指标值 ${x}_{1}$ 的归一化密度,反映当前指标 ${x}_{1}$ 距离标准取值的偏离程度。归一化后将该特征值的健康值的值域分数对应 $\left\lbrack {0,{100}}\right\rbrack$ , 即可得出健康评分。
步骤 4: 基于加权的道岔转辙机设备最终评分。
$ Y\left({{a}_{1},{a}_{2},\cdots ,{a}_{n}}\right)= \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i = 1}}^{n}{f}_{r}\left({\widehat{f}\left({a}_{i}\right)}\right)\cdot {w}_{i}$
式中, ${a}_{i}$ 表示第 $i$ 项本故障具有体现作用的特征值, ${w}_{i}$ 表示 ${a}_{i}$ 所占的权重, ${f}_{r}$ 表示特征值的健康值归一化后的值域对应扩展至 $\left\lbrack {0,{100}}\right\rbrack$ 区间。
步骤 5: 将设备的健康状态分为 4 个等级, 分别为健康 $\left({{80}\text{分以上}}\right)$ 、一级报警 $({70}$ 分到 80 分 $)$ 、二级报警(60 分到 70 分)、报警(60 分以下)。
本文设计的道岔转辙机智能运维系统已应用于南宁轨道交通 4、5 号线, 具有显著的效益。智能运维系统投入使用后,可替代规程占比 22%,优化可延长周期工作占比 29%,检修内容优化空间可达 39%,综合检修效率提升 30%,应急响应效率提升 14.3%,故障响应时间缩短 30%。
断开 DBQ21 接点, 操作道岔从定位转到反位未成功,系统自动进行故障诊断和定位,如 图 8 所示。 基于设备原理图直观显示故障位置, 改变了传统的基于人工手段故障诊断,大大提升了故障诊断效率。
设置道岔状态使得道岔转换阻力过大, 操作道岔转换, 系统进行状态自动预警, 提示道岔转换阻力过大, 如 图 9 所示。而传统方式需现场人员每天定期查阅监测数据, 同时依赖人的技术经验。
图 10 为道岔健康度评分, 其可为后续开展设备状态修提供技术基础。
智能技术的发展为变革轨道交通行业的维保模式提供基础, 道岔转辙机作为信号重要组成部分, 维护维修工作量大、难度高,智能运维系统的研发及应用非常必要。本文从关键状态感知、故障智能诊断、关键状态预警及健康评估等 4 大方面, 研究了城市轨道交通道岔转辙机智能运维系统的关键技术方法, 并成功应用于南宁轨道交通线路, 取得良好的效益, 为行业提供技术参照。
  • 广西重点研发计划项目(桂科 AB22035008)
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2024年第37卷第3期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.03.009
  • 接收时间:2023-12-29
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-29
  • 修回日期:2024-02-07
基金
广西重点研发计划项目(桂科 AB22035008)
作者信息
    南宁轨道交通集团有限责任公司 南宁 530029

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商晖,女,博士,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通运维管理工作,
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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