Article(id=1149744592045654019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149744590036583414, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.01.020, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1681747200000, receivedDateStr=2023-04-18, revisedDate=1695744000000, revisedDateStr=2023-09-27, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752050071964, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752050071964, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752050071964, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752050071964, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149744590036583414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, year='2024', volume='37', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='166', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1752050071486, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753780168039, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1157001141138575501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149744590036583414, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1157001141138575502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149744590036583414, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=127, endPage=134, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149744592314089477, articleId=1149744592045654019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=EN, title=Earth Pressure Balance Shield Construction Technique for Angled Cutting of Large-Diameter Reinforced Pile Groups, columnId=1152669336394183038, journalTitle=Urban Rapid Rail Transit, columnName=Civil Engineering Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study examines shield direct cutting techniques on largediameter piles within the construction project linking Guanzhou Station to University Town North Station on the Guangzhou Metro Line 12. Focusing on piles with diameters of 1,200 mm and reinforcing bars with diameters of 25 mm and 28 mm, the research evaluates the efficacy of critical measures and the resultant quality of pile cutting within shield construction. Findings indicate that a cutter head configuration, incorporating a hob and a tearing knife, successfully penetrates concrete pile foundations containing rebar of the specified diameters. However, a challenge arises when a toothed hob attempts to sever the reinforcing bar directly. It is observed that the tearing knife's secondary action exerts adequate shear force to dissect the reinforcement at the precut location by the hob. Furthermore, employing a boring strategy characterized by a low advancement rate, high rotation speed, and consistent torque has proven to enhance the cutting process for both the pile body and its embedded steel bars. Additionally, the use of split hydraulic rebar shears delivers an improved response to the complications presented by intertwined steel bars within the shield machine's path.

, correspAuthors=Zhiyong YANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zhiyong YANG, Jun YU, Jie LIU, Heng SUN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149744613159781292, articleId=1149744592045654019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=CN, title=土压平衡盾构斜切大直径主筋桩群施工技术, columnId=1152669336603898239, journalTitle=都市快轨交通, columnName=土建技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对盾构直接切削大直径主筋桩群的工程难题,以广州地铁12号线官洲站—大学城北站区间工程为例,开展盾构直接切削桩径1200mm、主筋直径25mm和28mm桩群的实践研究,分析盾构施工关键措施、切桩效果。实践表明:滚刀和撕裂刀搭配的刀具配置具备切削主筋直径25mm和28mm 混凝土桩基的能力;镶齿滚刀难以直接切断钢筋,撕裂刀二次作用时对钢筋的剪切作用力可将滚刀切口位置切断;采用“低推速、高转速、稳扭矩”方式掘进可有效切断桩体及钢筋;采用分体式液压钢筋剪可较好处理盾构仓内缠绕钢筋。

, correspAuthors=杨志勇, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=T23Z6tLnxjIdz8dygS06aA==, magXml=Pwn6ziX2+vlDfwEOjPmZxA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=Y1LGLwpLRPrsnCoFJ4B+2Q==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=CRV3xTDoUyjbbp1sAyJBOw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

杨志勇,男,硕士,工程师,从事隧道施工科研及技术管理工作,

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2 交通运输行业交通基础设施智能制造技术研发中心 武汉 430040
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杨志勇,男,硕士,工程师,从事隧道施工科研及技术管理工作,

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杨志勇,男,硕士,工程师,从事隧道施工科研及技术管理工作,

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figureFileSmall=zOjvHornKnfBhNZy3Fxz+Q==, figureFileBig=csgDX83W3nTKP8pwCMhP4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040159726194761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=Soil-bucket estimation scale, figureFileSmall=7XdYE2KyklxgapOzTdhUxA==, figureFileBig=PZiTdvscXkuSMTfHykIvpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040159780720714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=图 8, caption=渣土斗估测刻度, figureFileSmall=7XdYE2KyklxgapOzTdhUxA==, figureFileBig=PZiTdvscXkuSMTfHykIvpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040159818469451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Figure 9, caption=Total thrust and cutter-head torque variation, figureFileSmall=OCwA6OFpxHO+oyiYrDMc/w==, figureFileBig=nqoiAXHH+0zl8zjZ6EvztQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040159872995404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=图 9, caption=盾构总推力和刀盘扭矩变化, figureFileSmall=OCwA6OFpxHO+oyiYrDMc/w==, figureFileBig=nqoiAXHH+0zl8zjZ6EvztQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040159935909965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Figure 10, caption=Change in propulsion speed and cutter-head speed, figureFileSmall=eDX/dhy2R9VnxZ3sKa40VQ==, figureFileBig=UZNXt3AXkYKfclJcN6GSXQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040159986241614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=图 10, caption=盾构推进速度和刀盘转速变化, figureFileSmall=eDX/dhy2R9VnxZ3sKa40VQ==, figureFileBig=UZNXt3AXkYKfclJcN6GSXQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160036573263, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Figure 11, caption=Screw torque variation, figureFileSmall=3HjQgbqLdkpo7VCrlMHOHA==, figureFileBig=QDav0j0oGjHt4bezsiRCSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160103682128, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=图 11, caption=螺旋机扭矩变化, figureFileSmall=3HjQgbqLdkpo7VCrlMHOHA==, figureFileBig=QDav0j0oGjHt4bezsiRCSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160149819473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Figure 12, caption=Reinforcement cleaning of screw slag outlet, figureFileSmall=uJdt6iDCjzI13EhkbgbJkg==, figureFileBig=m55gAaB2vYIFAD1SRMZYew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160237899858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=图 12, caption=螺旋机出渣口钢筋清理, figureFileSmall=uJdt6iDCjzI13EhkbgbJkg==, figureFileBig=m55gAaB2vYIFAD1SRMZYew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160292425811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Figure 13, caption=Wrapped steel bars of cutter-head, figureFileSmall=IYC8h0Vgt4f6V7RN3P1pDg==, figureFileBig=hx68UbhQce+EQgeJZauYpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160338563156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=图 13, caption=刀盘上缠绕钢筋, figureFileSmall=IYC8h0Vgt4f6V7RN3P1pDg==, figureFileBig=hx68UbhQce+EQgeJZauYpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160380506197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Figure 14, caption=Cutting of steel bars, figureFileSmall=lfC+XUQJKUBuwbxwppIkMw==, figureFileBig=ifRLdwbkOFb+1xGSAKAI9Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160510529623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=图 14, caption=钢筋切口, figureFileSmall=lfC+XUQJKUBuwbxwppIkMw==, figureFileBig=ifRLdwbkOFb+1xGSAKAI9Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160594415705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Figure 15, caption=Distance of cut in the reinforcement, figureFileSmall=Xoy5hmuwTGg5tix1lTUwyA==, figureFileBig=lYC2Cq5j/YmQ7E4nOLoarQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160644747355, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=图 15, caption=钢筋切口距离, figureFileSmall=Xoy5hmuwTGg5tix1lTUwyA==, figureFileBig=lYC2Cq5j/YmQ7E4nOLoarQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160695079005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Figure 16, caption=Proportion of 25-mm-diameter steel bars, figureFileSmall=ZJD2ws+yMQBekAk3hwUQkQ==, figureFileBig=vQU4iPcDjiKuKQXWOJGdbQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160762187872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=图 16, caption=直径 ${25}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 钢筋占比, figureFileSmall=ZJD2ws+yMQBekAk3hwUQkQ==, figureFileBig=vQU4iPcDjiKuKQXWOJGdbQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160829296737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Figure 17, caption=Proportion of 28-mm-diameter steel bars, figureFileSmall=NeUSdbxpe2XQDHOo/BcN3w==, figureFileBig=+mlLEsEgav4WExZ0wt8fMw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040160942542948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=图 17, caption=直径 ${28}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 钢筋占比, figureFileSmall=NeUSdbxpe2XQDHOo/BcN3w==, figureFileBig=+mlLEsEgav4WExZ0wt8fMw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040161030623334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Figure 18, caption=Wear of disc cutter, figureFileSmall=bKZesu1oqczkWXupu5jc/g==, figureFileBig=urhIQ7w0KNR4gkRAJh/4vw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040161093537897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=图 18, caption=刀具磨损情况, figureFileSmall=bKZesu1oqczkWXupu5jc/g==, figureFileBig=urhIQ7w0KNR4gkRAJh/4vw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040161152258156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=Retaining pile parameters, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
桩型 主筋/ mm 箍筋/ mm 内箍/ mm 桩长! m 直径/ m 主筋 数量/根
A 型桩 ${\phi 25}$ ${\phi 10}@{200}$ ${\phi 20}@{2000}$ 20.3 1.2 26
B 型桩 ${\phi 28}$ ${\phi 10}@{200}$ ${\phi 20}@{2000}$ 20.3 1.2 28
), ArticleFig(id=1154040161223561326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=围护桩参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
桩型 主筋/ mm 箍筋/ mm 内箍/ mm 桩长! m 直径/ m 主筋 数量/根
A 型桩 ${\phi 25}$ ${\phi 10}@{200}$ ${\phi 20}@{2000}$ 20.3 1.2 26
B 型桩 ${\phi 28}$ ${\phi 10}@{200}$ ${\phi 20}@{2000}$ 20.3 1.2 28
), ArticleFig(id=1154040161282281585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Statistics on quantity of cutting-pile reinforcements, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
切削桩体 顺序编号 钢筋长度/m
$\phi $25 $\phi $28 $\phi $20 $\phi $10
1 4.4 - 0.6 0.8
2 35.5 - 2.9 15.5
3 61.7 - 4.4 30.8
4 - 74.0 6.3 37.9
5 - 77.3 6.3 40.8
6 - 72.6 6.3 38.3
7 - 63.8 4.6 31.7
8 - 22.4 1.9 9.6
), ArticleFig(id=1154040161361973363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=表 2, caption=切削桩体理论钢筋长度统计, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
切削桩体 顺序编号 钢筋长度/m
$\phi $25 $\phi $28 $\phi $20 $\phi $10
1 4.4 - 0.6 0.8
2 35.5 - 2.9 15.5
3 61.7 - 4.4 30.8
4 - 74.0 6.3 37.9
5 - 77.3 6.3 40.8
6 - 72.6 6.3 38.3
7 - 63.8 4.6 31.7
8 - 22.4 1.9 9.6
), ArticleFig(id=1154040161424887926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=Formation properties, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
土层名称 颜色 土层描述 水文地 质特征 标贯击数 (击/30 cm)
<5Z-2>硬 塑状砂质 黏性土层 褐红色、 棕黄色 硬塑,由混合花岗岩风 化残积而成, 粒径大于 $2\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,占 ${10}\% \sim {15}\%$ , 遇水易软化、崩解 硬塑, 富水性 差,透 水性弱 30.3
<6Z>全风 化混合 花岗岩 灰黄色、 褐红色、 黄褐色 原岩组织结构基本破 坏, 仅见原岩外观, 有 残余结构强度, 岩芯砂 土状,手掰易碎,遇水 易软化、崩解 硬塑- 坚硬。 富水性 差,透 水性弱 49.3
), ArticleFig(id=1154040161479413879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=表 3, caption=地层特性, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
土层名称 颜色 土层描述 水文地 质特征 标贯击数 (击/30 cm)
<5Z-2>硬 塑状砂质 黏性土层 褐红色、 棕黄色 硬塑,由混合花岗岩风 化残积而成, 粒径大于 $2\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,占 ${10}\% \sim {15}\%$ , 遇水易软化、崩解 硬塑, 富水性 差,透 水性弱 30.3
<6Z>全风 化混合 花岗岩 灰黄色、 褐红色、 黄褐色 原岩组织结构基本破 坏, 仅见原岩外观, 有 残余结构强度, 岩芯砂 土状,手掰易碎,遇水 易软化、崩解 硬塑- 坚硬。 富水性 差,透 水性弱 49.3
), ArticleFig(id=1154040161550717048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=Comparison of reinforcement cutting-tool effects, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工具名称 工具构造 工具尺寸 仓内作业 适应性 剪断 钢筋用时/min 作业安全性
分体式液压 钢筋剪 轻型手动液压泵、钢筋 剪、液压管 液压泵尺寸约 ${51}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times {16}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times {13}\mathrm{\;{cm}}$ , 约 ${9.5}\mathrm{\;{kg}}$ ; 钢筋剪尺寸约 ${37}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times$ ${13}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times 9\mathrm{\;{cm}}$ ,重约 ${5.5}\mathrm{\;{kg}}$ 适合,人工 施加动力 约 2 液压泵可放置在人仓内便于人工 作业,钢筋剪夹住钢筋后无需人员 在土仓内,安全性能高
整体式液压 钢筋剪 液压泵与钢筋剪为一个 整体 尺寸约 ${47}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times {15}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times 9\mathrm{\;{cm}}$ ,重约 6.5 kg 适合,人工 施加动力 约 5 需要人员在土仓内施加动力,仓内 空间狭小、湿滑,安全性低
气动 砂轮机 砂轮片、砂轮机、气管 尺寸约 ${18}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times {10}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times 8\mathrm{\;{cm}}$ ,重约 1 kg 适合,仓 内接高压 气源 约 1 需要人员在土仓内作业,仓内空间 狭小、湿滑, 且切割时会产生大量 火花,安全性低
), ArticleFig(id=1154040161609437306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=表 4, caption=钢筋剪切工具效果对比, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工具名称 工具构造 工具尺寸 仓内作业 适应性 剪断 钢筋用时/min 作业安全性
分体式液压 钢筋剪 轻型手动液压泵、钢筋 剪、液压管 液压泵尺寸约 ${51}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times {16}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times {13}\mathrm{\;{cm}}$ , 约 ${9.5}\mathrm{\;{kg}}$ ; 钢筋剪尺寸约 ${37}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times$ ${13}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times 9\mathrm{\;{cm}}$ ,重约 ${5.5}\mathrm{\;{kg}}$ 适合,人工 施加动力 约 2 液压泵可放置在人仓内便于人工 作业,钢筋剪夹住钢筋后无需人员 在土仓内,安全性能高
整体式液压 钢筋剪 液压泵与钢筋剪为一个 整体 尺寸约 ${47}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times {15}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times 9\mathrm{\;{cm}}$ ,重约 6.5 kg 适合,人工 施加动力 约 5 需要人员在土仓内施加动力,仓内 空间狭小、湿滑,安全性低
气动 砂轮机 砂轮片、砂轮机、气管 尺寸约 ${18}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times {10}\mathrm{\;{cm}} \times 8\mathrm{\;{cm}}$ ,重约 1 kg 适合,仓 内接高压 气源 约 1 需要人员在土仓内作业,仓内空间 狭小、湿滑, 且切割时会产生大量 火花,安全性低
), ArticleFig(id=1154040161651380348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=Statistics of steel bars cut by shield tunneling, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
钢筋切 断长度/ mm 直径 25mm 钢筋 直径 28 mm 钢筋
原桩理论切削 盾构切削后 原桩理论切削 盾构切削后
根数/ 根 占比/ % 根数/ 根 占比/ % 根数/ 根 占比/ % 根数/ 根 占比/ %
$\leq {100}$ 0 0.0 2 8.0 2 1.5 2 5.3
100~ 400 4 7.1 9 36.0 2 1.5 16 42.1
400~ 700 5 8.9 8 32.0 2 1.5 8 21.1
700~ 1 000 4 7.1 4 16.0 4 3.0 8 21.1
1000~ 1 300 4 7.1 1 4.0 4 3.0 3 7.9
1 300~ 1 600 6 10.7 1 4.0 6 4.5 1 2.6
1 600~ 2 800 33 58.9 0 0.0 113 85.0 0 0.0
), ArticleFig(id=1154040161697517694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149744592045654019, language=CN, label=表 5, caption=盾构切削钢筋统计, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
钢筋切 断长度/ mm 直径 25mm 钢筋 直径 28 mm 钢筋
原桩理论切削 盾构切削后 原桩理论切削 盾构切削后
根数/ 根 占比/ % 根数/ 根 占比/ % 根数/ 根 占比/ % 根数/ 根 占比/ %
$\leq {100}$ 0 0.0 2 8.0 2 1.5 2 5.3
100~ 400 4 7.1 9 36.0 2 1.5 16 42.1
400~ 700 5 8.9 8 32.0 2 1.5 8 21.1
700~ 1 000 4 7.1 4 16.0 4 3.0 8 21.1
1000~ 1 300 4 7.1 1 4.0 4 3.0 3 7.9
1 300~ 1 600 6 10.7 1 4.0 6 4.5 1 2.6
1 600~ 2 800 33 58.9 0 0.0 113 85.0 0 0.0
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土压平衡盾构斜切大直径主筋桩群施工技术
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杨志勇 1, 2, 3 , 余俊 1 , 刘杰 1 , 孙恒 1
都市快轨交通 | 土建技术 2024,37(1): 127-134
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都市快轨交通 | 土建技术 2024, 37(1): 127-134
土压平衡盾构斜切大直径主筋桩群施工技术
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杨志勇1, 2, 3 , 余俊1, 刘杰1, 孙恒1
作者信息
  • 1 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 武汉 430040
  • 2 交通运输行业交通基础设施智能制造技术研发中心 武汉 430040
  • 3 长大桥梁建设施工技术交通行业重点实验室 武汉 430040
  • 杨志勇,男,硕士,工程师,从事隧道施工科研及技术管理工作,

Earth Pressure Balance Shield Construction Technique for Angled Cutting of Large-Diameter Reinforced Pile Groups
Zhiyong YANG1, 2, 3 , Jun YU1, Jie LIU1, Heng SUN1
Affiliations
  • 1 CCCC Second Harbour Engineering Co., Ltd. Wuhan 430040
  • 2 Research and Development Center of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for Transportation Infrastructure Wuhan 430040
  • 3 Key Laboratory of Large-span Bridge Construction Technology, Ministry of Communications Wuhan 430040
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.01.020
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针对盾构直接切削大直径主筋桩群的工程难题,以广州地铁12号线官洲站—大学城北站区间工程为例,开展盾构直接切削桩径1200mm、主筋直径25mm和28mm桩群的实践研究,分析盾构施工关键措施、切桩效果。实践表明:滚刀和撕裂刀搭配的刀具配置具备切削主筋直径25mm和28mm 混凝土桩基的能力;镶齿滚刀难以直接切断钢筋,撕裂刀二次作用时对钢筋的剪切作用力可将滚刀切口位置切断;采用“低推速、高转速、稳扭矩”方式掘进可有效切断桩体及钢筋;采用分体式液压钢筋剪可较好处理盾构仓内缠绕钢筋。

城市轨道交通  /  盾构  /  地铁车站  /  切除桩基  /  滚刀  /  大直径钢筋

This study examines shield direct cutting techniques on largediameter piles within the construction project linking Guanzhou Station to University Town North Station on the Guangzhou Metro Line 12. Focusing on piles with diameters of 1,200 mm and reinforcing bars with diameters of 25 mm and 28 mm, the research evaluates the efficacy of critical measures and the resultant quality of pile cutting within shield construction. Findings indicate that a cutter head configuration, incorporating a hob and a tearing knife, successfully penetrates concrete pile foundations containing rebar of the specified diameters. However, a challenge arises when a toothed hob attempts to sever the reinforcing bar directly. It is observed that the tearing knife's secondary action exerts adequate shear force to dissect the reinforcement at the precut location by the hob. Furthermore, employing a boring strategy characterized by a low advancement rate, high rotation speed, and consistent torque has proven to enhance the cutting process for both the pile body and its embedded steel bars. Additionally, the use of split hydraulic rebar shears delivers an improved response to the complications presented by intertwined steel bars within the shield machine's path.

urban rail transit  /  shields  /  metro stations  /  pile foundation removal  /  hob  /  large-diameter rebar
杨志勇, 余俊, 刘杰, 孙恒. 土压平衡盾构斜切大直径主筋桩群施工技术. 都市快轨交通, 2024 , 37 (1) : 127 -134 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.01.020
Zhiyong YANG, Jun YU, Jie LIU, Heng SUN. Earth Pressure Balance Shield Construction Technique for Angled Cutting of Large-Diameter Reinforced Pile Groups[J]. Urban Rapid Rail Transit, 2024 , 37 (1) : 127 -134 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.01.020
近年来, 我国城市轨道交通进入快速发展阶段, 中国内地城轨交通运营线路规模已突破 ${10000}\mathrm{\;{km}}$ ,运营城市已达到 55 个,城市轨道交通规模持续扩大 [ 1 ] 。 地铁作为一种快速、高效、环保的城市交通工具, 受到了越来越多城市的青睐。盾构法具有施工速度快、 安全性高、对周边环境影响小等优势 [ 2 ] ,在城市地铁建设中得到广泛应用。随着城市建设的快速发展, 地下空间建(构)筑物愈发密集, 盾构施工难以避免遇到建(构)筑物桩基,给盾构隧道施工带来不利影响。传统的人工挖孔截桩、桩基拔除、冲桩等处理方法对环境影响大、施工成本高 [ 3 - 6 ] ,适用范围较窄。随着盾构设备适应能力不断增强, 盾构直接切削桩基成为可能。
针对盾构直接切削桩基, 国内已有相关理论研究和实践案例。袁大军等 [ 7 - 10 ] 从理论分析、现场切桩试验和工程验证等角度, 详细论述了盾构切削桩基机理,刀具配置及相关施工措施,许化国等。通过室内试验研究了不同刀具直接切削桩基效果、钢筋破坏形态、刀盘震动特性及刀具损伤形式等;吴志峰等。 [ 2 ] 通过室内模型试验, 分析滚刀和切刀的切桩性能, 获取盾构切桩的掘进控制参数;孙波等 [ 11 ] 以深圳地铁 9 号线大剧院一鹿丹村区间工程为例开展了盾构切削桩基工程实践研究。傅德明等 [ 12 ] 通过盾构机改制验证了软土盾构直接切削钢筋混凝土桩基的可行性;宋磊鹏 [ 13 ] 通过盾构设备适应性改造、注浆加固等措施, 保证盾构安全穿越了 38 根密排方桩。目前国内研究主要通过室内试验、现场试验、数值模拟等方式对盾构直接切削桩基的效果、刀具配置开展,盾构切削桩基的主筋直径大多在 ${25}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 以内,对于实际工程中主动切削主筋直径大于 ${25}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 的大直径桩基案例较少,相关可行性研究还需完善。
广州地铁 12 号线官洲站一大学城北站区间盾构始发后需下穿既有官洲站围护桩,桩基直径 ${1200}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ , 主筋直径最大为 ${28}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,盾构直接切桩通过。依托本项目工程背景, 研究盾构直接切削主筋直径大、桩基直径大桩群的施工关键技术。
既有官洲车站为岛式站台车站, 地下 2 层结构, 围护结构采用钻孔灌注桩。围护桩桩径为 ${1200}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ , 桩心间距 ${1350}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,按主筋大小分为 $\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 两种桩型, 采用水下 C30 混凝土浇筑,侵入隧道范围最长约 ${2.81}\mathrm{\;m}$ 。 具体参数如 表 1 所示。
区间左线盾构下穿过程中需经过既有车站围护结构。左线始发掘进约 ${28.5}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,刀盘右部接触车站小里程围护桩,围护桩排布方向与隧道轴线夹角约 ${43}^{\circ }$ , 沿隧道走向约 ${7.5}\mathrm{\;m}$ 范围受围护桩影响,需切削 $\mathrm{A}$ 型桩 3 根、B 型桩 5 根。下穿区域位置关系如 图 1 所示。 本文针对盾构直接切削围护桩展开研究, 归纳总结切桩效果及关键控制措施。
按照不同桩型的配筋,盾构切削桩体理论钢筋量长度统计如 表 2 所示。
盾构下穿既有车站围护桩区域地层主要为:<5Z-2> 硬塑状砂黏性土、<6Z>全风化混合花岗岩。地层特性见 表 3 ,地质断面如 图 2 所示。
1) 刀盘结构。盾构机刀盘开口率为 ${35}\%,6$ 辐条 +6 面板式的复合结构(见 图 3 )。
2) 刀盘耐磨设计。刀盘耐磨板采用复合板增强耐磨性。刀盘面板正面全部覆盖 ${12}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 厚的复合板,刀盘外周采用 ${50}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 厚的耐磨合金块全覆盖。同时,刀盘圆弧段辐条间增加格栅,防止切桩时卡刀盘。
3) 刀具配置。配置楔齿滚刀 43 把和焊接型重型撕裂刀 25 把,采用低把口、大合金块设计,滚刀刀体表面有耐磨硬化层;中心至 12 把滚刀刀间距为 ${90}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ , 12 把滚刀至 32 把滚刀刀间距为 ${85}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,最外周轨迹有 2 把边滚刀;滚刀高出面板 ${180}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,撕裂刀高出面板 ${160}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,刮刀高出面板 ${135}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ (见 图 4 )。
盾构切削最大直径 ${28}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 的钢筋,存在钢筋缠绕刀盘无法排出的施工风险, 为了保证钢筋缠绕能及时处理,盾构始发前在土仓内模拟了分体式液压钢筋剪、 整体式液压钢筋剪、气动砂轮机等设备剪切钢筋的可行性, 其效果如 表 4 所示。
综合考虑各钢筋处理工具的可实施性、处理效率、 作业安全性等因素, 整体式液压钢筋剪具备带压作业条件, 但其需要人工在狭小、湿滑的仓内施加液压动力,作业安全性低,剪切钢筋效率最低;气动砂轮机可通过仓内管路接高压气源, 具备带压作业条件, 且工具尺寸小、重量轻,操作较为方便,剪切钢筋效率最高,但其需要人工在狭小、湿滑的仓内作业,且切割钢筋时会产生大量火花, 在带压环境下会造成火灾风险;分体式液压钢筋剪尺寸较大、重量较重,需采用人工施加液压动力, 剪切钢筋效率一般, 但液压泵与钢筋剪分开, 作业人员将钢筋剪夹住钢筋后即可退回人仓对液压泵施加动力, 作业安全性较高, 采用分体式液压钢筋剪处理仓内缠绕钢筋最合适。仓内剪切钢筋示意见 图 5
盾构法施工的隧道土压力宜按静止土压力计算, 下穿区域地层透水性弱, 侧向水、土压力采用水土合算,在理论计算基础上再考虑 ${20}\mathrm{{kPa}}$ 的压力作为预备压力。由于切削桩体区域刀盘部分位于既有车站结构下方, 部分位于原状土体下方, 为了保证地层稳定性, 计算过程中对盾构上方土体按照原状土柱计算竖向土压力, 有
${P}_{\mathrm{{fu}}}= {K}_{0}\sum {r}_{i}{h}_{i}+ {20}$
式中, ${P}_{\mathrm{{fu}}}$ 指盾构掘进控制压力, $\mathrm{{kPa}};{K}_{0}$ 为计算深度处土体的静止侧压力系数; ${r}_{i}$ 为计算深度以上覆土每层土的容重, $\mathrm{{kN}}/{\mathrm{m}}^{3};{h}_{i}$ 为计算深度以上覆土每层土厚度, $\mathrm{m}$
图 6 可知, 实际掘进过程中土仓上部压力控制在 160~200 kPa 之间,受到推进速度、出渣速率、渣土改良剂添加等影响,压力波动幅度最大达到 ${40}\mathrm{{kPa}}$ 。 为了保持土仓压力稳定, 对土仓管路进行改造, 在土仓隔板顶部安装自动排气阀, 如 图 7 所示。该装置接入司机操作室, 可设定仓压上限值, 当压力超过设定值时可自动启动排气装置降低仓压,同时司机也可通过手动操作排气装置控制仓压波动。
出渣量的估算一般是通过体积和质量两种方式, 由于受盾构开挖范围地层不均一、原状土容重不确定、 盾构渣土改良添加剂等因素影响, 导致盾构出渣量的理论值无法精准评估, 盾构掘进过程中一般通过人工体积估测及时反馈出渣量, 并结合地层沉降监测及时调整。为了提高渣土体积估测精度, 盾构下穿前对渣土斗内残渣进行清理, 并在渣土斗内部焊接钢筋刻度, 焊接位置需方便人员或摄像头观察, 根据每个隔舱内钢筋刻度的位置, 可计算出每个刻度对应的渣土体积, 以此作为快速估算渣土体积的参考标准。盾构下穿过程中,每掘进 ${15}\mathrm{\;{cm}}$ 估测一次渣土体积,并与试掘进总结的理论出渣量进行对比, 及时调整后续出渣量。 当环掘进完成后,获取附近监测点沉降,分析出渣量控制效果, 指导下一环出渣量控制。
盾构下穿前试掘进阶段, 盾构在全、强风化混合花岗岩地层掘进过程中每环出渣量控制在 ${66}\sim {68}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}$ 之间, 盾构在穿越切桩区域过程中由于掘进速度慢, 泡沫和水等渣土改良剂不易控制, 且盾构磨桩过程中产生混凝土碎块,实测出渣量每环在 ${71}\sim {73}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}$ 之间。
采用 “低推速、高转速、稳扭矩” 方式掘进, 可最大效率地将桩体磨碎, 提高切割钢筋的能力, 盾构切桩过程中主要掘进参数见 图 9 ~10
图 9 ~10 可知,盾构穿越桩体时,切削第 $1 \sim 3$ 根桩体时,盾构总推力不大于 ${20000}\mathrm{\;{kN}}$ ,推进速度不大于 ${15}\mathrm{\;{mm}}/\mathrm{{min}}$ ,刀盘转速 ${0.9}\sim {1.4}\mathrm{{rpm}}$ ,此时刀盘扭矩平均不大于 ${2000}\mathrm{{kNm}}$ ,不超过刀盘额定扭矩的 30%;切削第 4~5 根桩体时,刀盘扭矩明显增大,最大超过 ${4000}\mathrm{{kNm}}$ ,超过刀盘额定扭矩的 ${50}\%$ ,此时降低推进速度至 ${10}\mathrm{\;{mm}}/\mathrm{{min}}$ 以内,提高刀盘转速至 ${1.4}\sim {1.6}\mathrm{{rpm}}$ ,盾构总推力不大于 ${25000}\mathrm{{kN}}$ ,不超过额定推力的 50%,后续切削第 6~8 根桩体时,刀盘扭矩较稳定控制在 ${4000}\mathrm{{kNm}}$ 以内。由于桩体 $1 \sim 3$ 切削后的钢筋在土仓内逐渐聚集, 盾构推进过程中螺旋机卡顿频繁, 出渣不畅, 导致推进速度不连续、波动大,刀盘扭矩逐渐增大,通过主动提高刀盘转速降低刀具切削贯入度, 仓内钢筋被搅动后逐渐排出, 参数恶化趋势得到有效控制。
盾构切桩掘进期间易发生渣土与钢筋混合物堵塞螺旋机情况, 一旦发生卡死, 将直接影响整个工程的工作效率。掘进过程中密切关注螺旋机扭矩, 制定相应的应急处置措施。当螺旋机扭矩达到了额定扭矩 30%时预警,调整渣土改良,人员密切关注扭矩变化; 当达到额定扭矩 70%的时候,停止掘进,反复点动螺旋机, 降低螺旋机扭矩, 必要时切换到脱困模式, 关注出渣情况及螺旋机扭矩变化; 若螺旋机扭矩超过 100%,则停止掘进, 排除机械故障原因后, 通过人工清理螺旋机将堵塞物排出的方法进行解决。人工清理措施如下:
1) 停机后, 先向舱内注入泥浆, 通过泥浆保压保证掌子面稳定。
2) 抽出螺旋轴, 关闭螺旋机前端闸门。
3) 关闭螺旋机前端闸门后,先在螺旋机前端 ${1.8}\mathrm{\;m}$ 处注入聚氨酯,通过螺旋机闸门试验不漏水即可停止, 注入量不宜过多。
4) 打开螺旋机人工清理窗,清理内部渣土及钢筋。
5) 螺旋机清理期间, 加大监测频率, 并安排专人进行巡查。
图 11 可知, 螺旋机扭矩在切桩排渣过程中出现较大波动, 刀盘切削至第 3 根桩体开始, 螺旋机出现瞬时扭矩达 100%的情况, 通过持续顺向点动及短暂反向点动, 最终将内部钢筋排出。螺旋机闸门经常被卡住无法关闭, 弯曲的钢筋易卡在闸门出口位置, 由于钢筋失去了螺旋轴及叶片的外加力作用, 仅仅依靠土体的挤压, 无法将其排出, 最终土体从闸门和钢筋缝中排出, 钢筋依然卡在闸门口, 若不及时清理, 闸门口积聚的钢筋会越来越多, 给后续出渣带来一定的困难。闸门口的钢筋清理采用撬棍拨动钢筋位置, 用拉绳可将钢筋取出(见 图 12 )。
盾构下穿过程中, 当掘进参数异常时要及时进行开仓查看。在既有车站底板下方预设被动带压进仓区段, 保证土仓内钢筋滞留能被及时清理。盾构穿越第 1 排桩后, 由于刀盘扭矩持续增大, 在车站底板下方进行了一次带压开仓作业, 在仓内共取出 15 根钢筋, 最长 ${1550}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 为直径 ${25}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 的钢筋,部分钢筋滞留在土仓内, 部分钢筋缠绕在刀盘上(见 图 13 )。通过分体式液压钢筋剪清理仓内滞留钢筋,盾构掘进参数恢复正常。
盾构掘进过程中,在皮带机上方架设强力磁铁对螺旋机排出渣土中的钢筋进行收集。通过对钢筋的切口形式(见 图 14 )分析发现, 刀具对钢筋作用的切口形式主要为切断口和压切痕。切断口形态不规则, 呈现颈缩现象,为韧性断裂,这是由于镶齿滚刀对钢筋的压切作用力, 将钢筋表面部分本体切削下去, 同时由于滚刀自身转动削弱了其切削作用力, 难以直接将钢筋切断, 在滚刀轨迹所在位置钢筋表面形成了压切痕, 压切痕凹凸不平,可见明显的齿痕凹槽。压切痕位置部分钢筋本体被切削掉, 且被挤压变形, 此位置强度被极大削弱, 随着盾构往前推进, 撕裂刀形成的剪切力即可将钢筋拉扯断,断裂位置为滚刀压切痕位置。
通过对钢筋的压切痕形式分析发现, 同一根钢筋上的压切痕距离在 ${85}\sim {90}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 之间,与滚刀刀间距基本吻合(见 图 15 )。
钢筋的切口特征表明,镶齿滚刀和撕裂刀组合刀具布置具备直接切断直径 ${25}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$${28}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 钢筋的能力,直径 ${25}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$${28}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 钢筋切口形式和压切痕形式无明显差别。滚刀镶齿的硬度和强度远高于钢筋, 滚刀镶齿先行与钢筋作用, 在滚刀轨迹位置切削钢筋, 撕裂刀作用时对钢筋的剪切作用力将滚刀切口位置切断。
对螺旋输送机排出和开仓取出的钢筋数量和长度进行统计,如 表 5图 16 ~17 所示。
通过 表 5图 16 ~17 统计数据分析可发现, 原始桩体中的钢筋经盾构切削后, 长度分布发生较大变化。 原始桩体中被切削范围的钢筋长度主要分布在 1600~ ${2800}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 范围,此范围内 $\mathrm{A}$ 型桩直径 ${25}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 钢筋占比 ${58.9}\%,\mathrm{\;B}$ 型桩直径 ${28}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 钢筋占比 ${85}\%$ 。盾构切削后钢筋长度主要分布在 ${100}\sim {1000}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,此范围内 A 型桩直径 ${25}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 钢筋占比 ${84}\%,\mathrm{\;B}$ 型桩直径 ${28}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 钢筋占比 84.2%。盾构切削后钢筋长度 ${100}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 以下统计数据中, A 型桩直径 ${25}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 钢筋占比 $8\%,\mathrm{\;B}$ 型桩直径 28 mm 钢筋占比 5.3%,占比均较低,可知大部分轨迹镶齿滚刀未能直接一次切断直径 ${25}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$${28}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 钢筋。
盾构穿越第 1 排桩体后停机带压开仓, 检查刀盘刀具以及土舱内情况。刀具检查情况良好, 滚刀镶齿保留完好,无较大磨损,最大磨损量约为 $1\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,撕裂刀未见明显磨损。可知 “镶齿滚刀先行、撕裂刀后行”搭配的刀具具备切削钢筋混凝土桩基的能力, 其耐磨性较好。刀具磨损情况如 图 18 所示。
盾构在复杂条件下以斜交姿态穿越直径 ${1200}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 的钻孔灌注桩群, 面临桩体直径大、主筋直径大、钢筋数量多等难点, 通过合理配置刀具, 制定针对性的施工措施, 顺利完成了盾构穿越施工, 得到以下结论:
1)“镶齿滚刀先行、撕裂刀后行” 搭配的刀具具备切削主筋直径 25 和 ${28}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 混凝土桩基的能力,其耐磨性较好。
2) 镶齿滚刀难以一次性切断钢筋, 撕裂刀二次作用时对钢筋的剪切作用力可将滚刀切口位置切断。
3) 采用 “低推速、高转速、稳扭矩” 方式掘进可有效切断桩体及钢筋, 能较好控制出渣量、刀盘扭矩、 盾构总推力之间的平衡。
4) 采用分体式液压钢筋剪可较好处理盾构仓内缠绕钢筋,作业安全性较高。
5) 盾构直接切削大直径钢筋是可行的, 但如何保证长短不一的钢筋从螺旋机口顺畅排出还有待进一步研究探讨。
  • 中交第二航务工程局有限公司立项课题(JSKF-20190610-907)
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2024年第37卷第1期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.01.020
  • 接收时间:2023-04-18
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
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  • 收稿日期:2023-04-18
  • 修回日期:2023-09-27
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中交第二航务工程局有限公司立项课题(JSKF-20190610-907)
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    1 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 武汉 430040
    2 交通运输行业交通基础设施智能制造技术研发中心 武汉 430040
    3 长大桥梁建设施工技术交通行业重点实验室 武汉 430040
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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total species (%)

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species
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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