Article(id=1149742079527531084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149742076708962589, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.05.012, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1716739200000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-27, revisedDate=1719936000000, revisedDateStr=2024-07-03, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752049472934, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752049472934, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752049472934, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752049472934, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149742076708962589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, year='2024', volume='37', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='143', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1752049472262, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753780124752, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1157000959420354689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149742076708962589, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1157000959420354690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149742076708962589, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=78, endPage=86, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149742079686914639, articleId=1149742079527531084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=EN, title=Structure Scheme and Mechanical Performance Analysis of Rectangular Prefabricated Metro Stations, columnId=1152669336394183038, journalTitle=Urban Rapid Rail Transit, columnName=Civil Engineering Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This study focuses on a rectangular prefabricated station structure scheme developed and applied for the first time to the Shenzhen Phase V Project. Combined with the evolution process of the prefabricated structure scheme with dry connections, this paper introduces in detail the section design scheme of the rectangular structure scheme, structural partitioning and joint, bracing system of the beamcolumn, and static and dynamic performances. The rectangular prefabricated station structure scheme can be applied to different station width requirements, and an adjustable template is used to effectively improve the universality of the rectangularstructure components. Simultaneously, the rectangular structure can be expanded to accommodate different types of stations, such as threelayer twospan or twolayer threespan. Additionally, the bending bearing capacity of a rectangular assembled station joint was verified by a fullscale joint test, and the adaptability of the theoretical calculation method of the existing joint research to structural size changes was verified. The results of this study are intended to provide a reference and experience for subsequent prefabricated structure designs and engineering applications.

, correspAuthors=Qi FAN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Qi FAN, Fang LIN, Meiqun HUANG, Mengting LI, Zhiyong PENG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149742093079327634, articleId=1149742079527531084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=CN, title=矩形装配式地铁车站结构方案及力学性能分析, columnId=1152669336603898239, journalTitle=都市快轨交通, columnName=土建技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为研究矩形装配式地铁车站力学性能,聚焦深圳地铁五期项目中研发并应用的矩形全预制装配式车站结构方案,结合采用干式连接的全预制装配式结构方案的演化过程,详细介绍矩形结构方案的断面设计方案、结构分块及接头、梁柱内支撑体系和静动力力学特性等多个关键方面。矩形装配式车站结构方案可灵活适应不同站台宽度要求,采用通用可调模具有效提高了矩形结构方案构件通用性。同时,矩形结构可适用于三层两跨或两层三跨等不同型式车站的结构拓展。此外,通过足尺接头试验验证矩形装配式车站接头的抗弯承载性能,验证已有接头研究的理论计算方法在接头构造尺寸变化条件下的适用性。研究成果旨在为后续装配式结构设计与工程应用提供经验与参考。

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范奇,男,博士,工程师,主要从事城市轨道交通工程的设计与研究工作,

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范奇,男,博士,工程师,主要从事城市轨道交通工程的设计与研究工作,

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Beijing 100037), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154000602775409541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, companyId=1154000602762826627, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 北京 100037)]), AuthorCompany(id=1154000602846712712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154000602850907017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, companyId=1154000602846712712, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 National Engineering Research Centre for Green and Safe Construction Technology in Urban Rail Transit Beijing 100037), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154000602855101322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, companyId=1154000602846712712, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 城市轨道交通绿色与安全建造技术国家工程研究中心 北京 100037)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1154000604641874905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=urban rail transit), Keyword(id=1154000604696400859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=metro station), Keyword(id=1154000604763509725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=rectangular prefabricated station), Keyword(id=1154000604818035679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=dry connection), Keyword(id=1154000604885144545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=grouted mortise-tenon joint), Keyword(id=1154000604939670499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=城市轨道交通), Keyword(id=1154000605027750885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=地铁车站), Keyword(id=1154000605090665447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=矩形装配式车站), Keyword(id=1154000605182940137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=干式连接), Keyword(id=1154000605258437611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=注浆式榫槽接头)], refs=[Reference(id=1154000609029115989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=39, issue=11, pageStart=1737, pageEnd=1747, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=钱七虎, journalName=隧道建设(中英文), refType=null, unstructuredReference=钱七虎. 利用地下空间助力发展绿色建筑与绿色城市[J]. 隧道建设(中英文), 2019, 39(11): 1737-1747., articleTitle=利用地下空间助力发展绿色建筑与绿色城市, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154000609087836247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=39, issue=11, pageStart=1737, pageEnd=1747, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=QIAN Qihu, journalName=Tunnel construction, refType=null, unstructuredReference= QIAN Qihu . 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China civil engineering journal, 2020, 53(5): 57-64., articleTitle=Experimental study on flexural bearing capability of short grouted single mortise-tenon joints in prefabricated metro station structure, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154000610652311684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=36, issue=2, pageStart=34, pageEnd=44, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=26, authorNames=林放, 杨秀仁, 王臣, journalName=都市快轨交通, refType=null, unstructuredReference=林放, 杨秀仁, 王臣. 注浆式榫槽接头关键构造参数影响研究[J]. 都市快轨交通, 2023, 36(2): 34-44., articleTitle=注浆式榫槽接头关键构造参数影响研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154000610723614853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=36, issue=2, pageStart=34, pageEnd=44, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=27, authorNames=LIN Fang, YANG Xiuren, WANG Chen, journalName=Urban rapid rail transit, refType=null, unstructuredReference= LIN Fang , YANG Xiuren , WANG Chen . Influence of key structural parameters of grouted single-tenon joints[J]. Urban rapid rail transit, 2023, 36(2): 34-44., articleTitle=Influence of key structural parameters of grouted single-tenon joints, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154000610794918022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=36, issue=2, pageStart=45, pageEnd=53, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=28, authorNames=林放, journalName=都市快轨交通, refType=null, unstructuredReference=林放. 附加张力装置对注浆式榫槽接头力学性能的影响研究[J]. 都市快轨交通, 2023, 36(2): 45-53., articleTitle=附加张力装置对注浆式榫槽接头力学性能的影响研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154000610849443975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=36, issue=2, pageStart=45, pageEnd=53, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=29, authorNames=LIN Fang, journalName=Urban rapid rail transit, refType=null, unstructuredReference= LIN Fang . Effect of auxiliary tension device on mechanical properties of grouted mortise-tenon joint[J]. Urban rapid rail transit, 2023, 36(2): 45-53., articleTitle=Effect of auxiliary tension device on mechanical properties of grouted mortise-tenon joint, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154000610908164232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=108, issue=null, pageStart=103717, pageEnd=103717, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=30, authorNames=YANG Xiuren, LIN Fang, journalName=Tunnelling and underground space technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference= YANG Xiuren , LIN Fang . Prefabrication technology for underground metro station structure[J]. 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articleId=1149742079527531084, language=CN, label=图 13, caption=接头试件破坏加载弯矩-转角试验结果, figureFileSmall=Xr2gvQ1J7YFjz9e5oFS0GQ==, figureFileBig=ORCmm1+wYbKQL/us1HUqKw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154000608366415941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=Comparison of internal forces calculated at the joints and corresponding positions of cast-in-place stations, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
内力 类型 左上接头 右上接头 左下接头 右下接头
轴力/kN 现浇车站 1 457 1 159 2028 1681
变刚度接头 1 455 1173 1977 1 650
接头/现浇 99.9% 101.2% 97.5% 98.2%
弯矩/kN·m 现浇车站 543 187 134 277
变刚度接头 244 134 4.8 196
接头/现浇 44.9% 71.7% 3.6% 70.8%
剪力/kN 现浇车站 504 496 1082 1074
变刚度接头 442 450 1126 1118
接头/现浇 87.7% 90.7% 104.1% 104.1%
), ArticleFig(id=1154000608420941896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=接头与现浇车站对应位置计算内力对比, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
内力 类型 左上接头 右上接头 左下接头 右下接头
轴力/kN 现浇车站 1 457 1 159 2028 1681
变刚度接头 1 455 1173 1977 1 650
接头/现浇 99.9% 101.2% 97.5% 98.2%
弯矩/kN·m 现浇车站 543 187 134 277
变刚度接头 244 134 4.8 196
接头/现浇 44.9% 71.7% 3.6% 70.8%
剪力/kN 现浇车站 504 496 1082 1074
变刚度接头 442 450 1126 1118
接头/现浇 87.7% 90.7% 104.1% 104.1%
), ArticleFig(id=1154000608492245066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149742079527531084, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Joint test loading internal force combination, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件 轴力/kN 弯矩/kN·m
单榫 1 440 70
单榫2 510 120
单榫3 670 110
单榫 4 720 180
单榫5 940 270
双榫 1 440 70
双榫2 510 120
双榫 3 620 110
双榫 4 720 190
双榫 5 1030 320
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试件 轴力/kN 弯矩/kN·m
单榫 1 440 70
单榫2 510 120
单榫3 670 110
单榫 4 720 180
单榫5 940 270
双榫 1 440 70
双榫2 510 120
双榫 3 620 110
双榫 4 720 190
双榫 5 1030 320
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矩形装配式地铁车站结构方案及力学性能分析
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范奇 1, 2 , 林放 1, 2 , 黄美群 1, 2 , 李孟廷 1 , 彭智勇 1, 2
都市快轨交通 | 土建技术 2024,37(5): 78-86
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都市快轨交通 | 土建技术 2024, 37(5): 78-86
矩形装配式地铁车站结构方案及力学性能分析
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范奇1, 2 , 林放1, 2, 黄美群1, 2, 李孟廷1, 彭智勇1, 2
作者信息
  • 1 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 北京 100037
  • 2 城市轨道交通绿色与安全建造技术国家工程研究中心 北京 100037
  • 范奇,男,博士,工程师,主要从事城市轨道交通工程的设计与研究工作,

Structure Scheme and Mechanical Performance Analysis of Rectangular Prefabricated Metro Stations
Qi FAN1, 2 , Fang LIN1, 2, Meiqun HUANG1, 2, Mengting LI1, Zhiyong PENG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1 Beijing Urban Construction Design and Development Group Co., Ltd. Beijing 100037
  • 2 National Engineering Research Centre for Green and Safe Construction Technology in Urban Rail Transit Beijing 100037
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.05.012
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为研究矩形装配式地铁车站力学性能,聚焦深圳地铁五期项目中研发并应用的矩形全预制装配式车站结构方案,结合采用干式连接的全预制装配式结构方案的演化过程,详细介绍矩形结构方案的断面设计方案、结构分块及接头、梁柱内支撑体系和静动力力学特性等多个关键方面。矩形装配式车站结构方案可灵活适应不同站台宽度要求,采用通用可调模具有效提高了矩形结构方案构件通用性。同时,矩形结构可适用于三层两跨或两层三跨等不同型式车站的结构拓展。此外,通过足尺接头试验验证矩形装配式车站接头的抗弯承载性能,验证已有接头研究的理论计算方法在接头构造尺寸变化条件下的适用性。研究成果旨在为后续装配式结构设计与工程应用提供经验与参考。

城市轨道交通  /  地铁车站  /  矩形装配式车站  /  干式连接  /  注浆式榫槽接头

This study focuses on a rectangular prefabricated station structure scheme developed and applied for the first time to the Shenzhen Phase V Project. Combined with the evolution process of the prefabricated structure scheme with dry connections, this paper introduces in detail the section design scheme of the rectangular structure scheme, structural partitioning and joint, bracing system of the beamcolumn, and static and dynamic performances. The rectangular prefabricated station structure scheme can be applied to different station width requirements, and an adjustable template is used to effectively improve the universality of the rectangularstructure components. Simultaneously, the rectangular structure can be expanded to accommodate different types of stations, such as threelayer twospan or twolayer threespan. Additionally, the bending bearing capacity of a rectangular assembled station joint was verified by a fullscale joint test, and the adaptability of the theoretical calculation method of the existing joint research to structural size changes was verified. The results of this study are intended to provide a reference and experience for subsequent prefabricated structure designs and engineering applications.

urban rail transit  /  metro station  /  rectangular prefabricated station  /  dry connection  /  grouted mortise-tenon joint
范奇, 林放, 黄美群, 李孟廷, 彭智勇. 矩形装配式地铁车站结构方案及力学性能分析. 都市快轨交通, 2024 , 37 (5) : 78 -86 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.05.012
Qi FAN, Fang LIN, Meiqun HUANG, Mengting LI, Zhiyong PENG. Structure Scheme and Mechanical Performance Analysis of Rectangular Prefabricated Metro Stations[J]. Urban Rapid Rail Transit, 2024 , 37 (5) : 78 -86 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.05.012
预制装配式建造技术是我国推动建筑产业化发展的重要支撑技术之一, 具有绿色环保、高质高效的优点, 近年来受到业内的广泛关注, 相关研究成果与工程应用在我国多城市相继落地 [ 1 - 3 ]
地铁车站的预制装配式建造案例最早见于国外 [ 4 - 6 ] ,这些施工案例进行了不同类型预制装配工法的探索, 其中预制构件接头多采用钢筋连接的现浇接头, 部分方案结构体系较为复杂, 现浇+预制相混合的模式未能完全体现出装配式技术的优势, 因此没有大规模的推广应用 [ 7 ]
自 2012 年我国首例装配式车站长春袁家店站建设以来, 国内多座城市陆续开始装配式车站的建设, 采用的技术路线各具特色, 主要可以归纳为两大类, 一类是基于干式接头连接的装配式结构, 另一类是预制构件+湿接头+叠合现浇混凝土的装配整体式结构[ 8 ]。 其中, 以注浆式榫槽接头干式连接技术、闭腔薄壁构件轻量化技术及两垫一注一嵌防水技术为核心和技术特征的全预制装配式车站已在长春、青岛和深圳等 3 座城市陆续建成 [ 9 ] 。为适应不同地区差异化的地质条件和施工环境, 满足城市建设需求, 全预制装配式车站的结构方案在不同城市也进行了针对性调整, 其结构方案演变历程如 图 1 所示。长春地铁为单拱大跨双层车站, 主体结构环拆分为 7 块; 青岛地铁二期车站将主体结构环拆分调整为 5 块; 深圳地铁四期车站, 根据当地建设需求, 将拱顶构件合并为一块, 拱顶高度由高拱调整为坦拱; 青岛地铁三期部分车站沿用二期结构方案, 部分车站采用了底板现浇的 4 分块坦拱方案。目前地铁车站全预制装配式建造技术已研发出不同型式高拱、坦拱多种结构类型。
矩形装配式车站结构最早见于苏联, 其采用的矩形框架体系较为复杂, 如 图 2 所示, 顶部构件采用搭接装配, 其余部位采用现浇湿接头连接。深圳地铁五期落地矩形全预制装配式车站, 采用干式连接的矩形全预制装配式车站在世界范围内尚属首例。本文紧密结合深圳地区的实际工程背景, 对矩形预制装配式车站的结构方案进行了详细介绍。从结构断面、分块方案及接头、梁柱内支撑体系等多个角度, 详细分析了矩形结构设计关键技术点。采用数值分析方法, 对矩形装配式车站的力学行为进行分析, 计算得到接头部位不同工况下的包络内力组合, 进一步通过试验研究的方法, 对矩形装配式车站接头的抗弯承载能力进行了实证分析, 并对现有理论计算方法对接头尺寸变化的适用性进行了验证。本文研究旨在为后续装配式车站结构设计与工程应用提供有力的参考和经验。
深圳是一个依山面海的新兴城市, 地势东南高西北低, 北部多丘陵沟谷, 微地貌发育。该地区地质发育多样, 地层组成复杂。深圳湾沿岸及珠江口东岸的多个地区广泛分布着浅海相或海陆交互相沉积物, 而龙岗区则分布石炭系下统石磴子组的灰岩、白云质灰岩和大理岩。深圳市各区地质条件复杂且差异大, 地下水资源丰富且埋藏浅。
基于该地区的地质特点及复杂性, 深圳地铁车站基坑多采用明挖法施工, 围护结构多采用 “地连墙+ 内支撑”形式、“灌注桩+桩间止水帷幕+内支撑”形式、“咬合桩+内支撑”形式。因此,单环预制构件的分块及拼装需要对内支撑体系有良好的适应性 [ 10 ]
目前地铁车站结构断面主要有拱形和矩形两种形式, 拱形结构具有结构形式简单、结构受力良好、建筑效果好等优点, 但由于结构起拱, 因此结构埋深较深, 且对地层条件有较高要求; 矩形结构传力明确, 埋深较浅, 对不同地层条件适应性好, 但需设置梁柱内支撑。深圳地铁在四期修编线路工程成功实施了多座拱形装配式车站结构, 如 图 3 (a)所示, 积累了大量技术与施工经验 [ 11 ] 。在深圳地铁五期线路实施中,本着因地制宜、能装尽装的原则, 结合深圳地区地质条件复杂, 基坑开挖和土方处理成本较高的特点, 首次应用了矩形装配式车站结构,其结构断面形式如 图 3 (b) 所示。以 ${12}\mathrm{\;m}$ 宽站台标准站断面为例,矩形结构宽 ${21.3}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,高 ${14.23}\mathrm{\;m}$ 。优化调整后的装配式车站断面与采用传统现浇工法施工的断面相比,结构宽度一致, 高度基本相当。矩形装配式结构的断面高度较拱形装配式车站的断面高度降低 ${3.12}\mathrm{\;m}$
两层两跨矩形断面可适用于站台宽度 ${10.5}\sim {12}\mathrm{\;m}$ , 结构宽度 ${19.8}\sim {21.3}\mathrm{\;m}$ 范围的装配式车站。标准的侧墙构件可采用通用模具制作, 顶板、底板与中楼板等构件可采用端模可调的通用模板制作, 适应其长度变化, 有效提高了矩形结构方案的尺寸适应灵活性。同时矩形结构可依上述原理拓展为三层两跨或两层三跨型式, 如 图 4 所示。
${12}\mathrm{\;m}$ 站台双层矩形装配式车站为例,车站主体结构共分 4 块, 均采用轻量化的闭腔薄壁预制构件, 顶板块尺寸为 ${21.3}\mathrm{\;m}\times {1.994}\mathrm{\;m}\times {2.35}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,混凝土用量为 ${40}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}$ ,质量约为 ${100}\mathrm{t}$ ; 底板厚度 $1\mathrm{m}$ ,尺寸为 ${21.3}\mathrm{\;m}\times$ ${1.994}\mathrm{\;m}\times {2.53}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,混凝土用量为 ${43.6}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}$ ,质量约为 ${109}\mathrm{t}$ ; 侧墙块尺寸为 ${9.35}\mathrm{\;m}\times {1.994}\mathrm{\;m}\times {0.8}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,混凝土用量为 ${14.6}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}$ ,质量约为 ${36.5}\mathrm{t}$
构件之间采用注浆式榫槽接头与弯螺栓连接。注浆式榫槽接头咬合作用明显,具有良好的抗轴压、抗弯及抗剪承载性能和受力稳定性。断面分块主要考虑接头的承载特性及接头的受力和稳定性要求, 接头布置位置应有利于在施工期间和使用阶段装配式结构体系的承载和稳定, 结构拆分和接头位置确定宜按预制构件形式简单、规格类型少、接头数量少的原则进行控制。底板结构在环内宜采用整块构件, 当受到长度限制需要拆分时, 如 图 4 (b)两层三跨车站, 接头宜设置在底纵梁的支点处。
与拱形结构方案相比,矩形结构增加了内部梁柱结构, 车站内部梁柱体系均采用预制装配结构, 如 图 5 所示, 车站主体内部结构包含顶纵梁、底纵梁、 中纵梁、立柱和中板等预制构件。
顶纵梁与底纵梁为变截面预制型钢混凝土连续梁,采用反鱼腹形式,预制梁构件跨度为分为 $4\mathrm{\;m}+ 8\mathrm{\;m}+$ $4\mathrm{\;m}\text{、}4\mathrm{\;m}+ {10}\mathrm{\;m}+ 4\mathrm{\;m}$ 两种,跨中截面高度分别为 ${0.6}\mathrm{\;m}$${1.0}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,支座处截面尺寸为 ${1.3}\mathrm{\;m}\times {1.6}\mathrm{\;m}$ 。中纵梁为等截面预制钢筋混凝土简支梁,长度为 ${6.8}\mathrm{\;m}\text{、}{8.8}\mathrm{\;m}$ , 截面尺寸均为 $1\mathrm{\;m}\times 1\mathrm{\;m}$ 。框架柱为预制混凝土柱,在中纵梁下方设有牛腿。为适应不同站台宽度车站、层数、覆土等因素的受力要求, 并实现构件标准化, 柱截面尺寸统一选定为 ${0.8}\mathrm{\;m}\times {1.2}\mathrm{\;m}$ 。预制立柱下端与底纵梁通过预留杯口和螺栓进行连接; 立柱上端设置柱帽, 并通过螺栓与顶纵梁可靠连接; 柱中部与纵梁之间的连接通过设置在立柱上的牛腿搭接, 并通过螺栓连接固定。
对于首次提出的矩形预制装配式车站结构体系, 使用 Midas NX 计算软件, 基于平面应变假设, 建立了车站主体标准断面的梁弹簧荷载结构模型。如 图 6 所示, 模型考虑地连墙围护结构与地层荷载, 车站主体底面与侧面设置法向地基弹簧和切向地基弹簧, 结构参数与地层参数均按工程实际情况进行取值, 计算模型选取软土地层,车站顶部覆土厚度 ${4.5}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,进行静、 动(地震分析)力学行为分析。
在计算分析中, 预制装配式车站结构的力学行为与传统现浇结构有显著区别, 主要原因是预制构件间通过注浆式榫槽接头连接。既有研究已经揭示了注浆式榫槽接头在装配式结构体系中表现出的 “变刚度” 特性 [ 12 - 13 ] ,接头节点的内力状态(主要是轴力和弯矩) 会对接头的抗弯刚度产生影响, 因此计算中采用多次计算、迭代逼近的方式确保计算所采用的抗弯接头刚度与其内力状态相匹配 [ 14 ] 。计算考虑了闭腔薄壁预制构件空腔截面和接头的 “变刚度” 特性, 迭代计算方法如 图 7 所示。
矩形结构装配式车站内力分布如 图 8 所示, 弯矩较大的位置为顶底板跨中、底板角部。模型同时计算对比了同工况下现浇车站的内力分布, 计算结果如 图 9 所示。装配式车站内力分布模式与现浇车站分布模式基本一致, 模型考虑接头特性对接头位置的内力计算结果影响较为显著。
装配式车站接头与现浇车站对应位置计算内力对比如 表 1 所示, 表中给出了装配式车站接头和现浇车站对应位置轴力、弯矩和剪力计算结果, 同时给出了接头内力与现浇车站对应位置内力的比值。与现浇车站相比,矩形装配式车站左上、右上、左下、右下接头轴力与现浇车站基本一致;弯矩分别减小约 55%、 28%、96%(左下接头临近反弯点,弯矩绝对值较小)、 29%;左上、右上接头剪力分别减少约 12%和 9%,左下和右下接头剪力各增加约 4%。采用具有“柔性”特性的变刚度接头, 会影响车站结构内力分布, 使接头对应位置的弯矩显著减小。
采用反应位移法和时程分析法对矩形装配式车站进行抗震动力分析计算, 结果显示, 矩形装配式车站的中柱轴压比、层间位移角等指标均满足规范要求, 具体计算结果本文不再展开介绍。
既有装配式车站结构研究中, 已经开展了针对注浆式榫槽接头的原型试验研究, 提出了接头结构理论和计算方法 [ 15 - 17 ] ,相关成果支撑了长春、青岛、深圳地铁四期修编拱形断面装配式车站的成功建设。深圳地铁五期车站结构调整为矩形, 其构件接头的形式也进行了较大调整,取消了接头外置凸台,减小了截面厚度, 将外置受拉侧直螺栓紧固改为内部弯螺栓紧固。
为验证构造调整后接头的承载能力及已有理论计算方法的适用性, 开展了矩形装配式车站接头抗弯性能足尺试验研究。
接头试件采用深圳地铁五期装配式车站结构 1:1 原型接头结构尺寸, 试件尺寸如 图 10 所示。接头试件单侧长 ${1.6}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,高 ${0.8}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,纵向宽度取 $1\mathrm{\;m}$ ,榫槽拼接接缝宽度 $4\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,试件包括无螺栓单榫、有螺栓单榫、 无螺栓双榫、有螺栓双榫共计 4 种型式。试验加载装置采用四点弯矩加载方式, 接头轴力由水平千斤顶施加, 实验加载方式示意与照片如 图 11 所示。
接头试验加载按校核加载与破坏加载两个阶段进行。校核加载首先对设计工况的内力组合进行接头承载能力验证, 加载内力组合根据结构分析得到接头的实际内力进行设计。首先分别对采用单榫接头和双榫接头的车站结构进行数值模拟分析,计算考虑 ${2.5}\mathrm{\;m}$${4.5}\mathrm{\;m}$ 覆土厚度,计算工况包括施工过程荷载、准永久组合荷载和基本组合荷载, 得到不同工况的接头内力, 按最不利情况包络确定需验证的接头轴力与弯矩, 接头试验校核加载的内力组合如 表 2 所示。试验过程按轴力从小到大的顺序依次加载, 每个轴力工况下,弯矩从零加载至设计值后卸载,再进行下一组轴力工况的弯矩加载。每组试件校核加载完成后,再进行轴力 ${700}\mathrm{{kN}}$ 工况下的弯曲破坏加载。
4 组不同型式试件校核加载的弯矩-挠度曲线结果如 图 12 所示, 试验结果显示, 单榫接头与双榫接头在设计工况中, 弯矩-挠度曲线均处于线性阶段, 试验过程中, 接头试件混凝土均未出现任何裂缝, 针对设计工况校核, 单榫接头与双榫接头均可满足承载力要求。
4 组试件 ${700}\mathrm{{kN}}$ 轴力下的破坏加载试验得到的弯矩-转角曲线如 图 13 所示。试验结果中, 无螺栓单榫与有螺栓单榫试件在 ${700}\mathrm{{kN}}$ 的轴力下承载最大弯矩值分别为 ${356}\mathrm{{kN}}\cdot \mathrm{m}$${360}\mathrm{{kN}}\cdot \mathrm{m}$ ,与设计工况 ${720}\mathrm{{kN}}$ 轴力对应弯矩 ${180}\mathrm{{kN}}\cdot \mathrm{m}$ 相比较,仍分别具有 1.98 倍和 2 倍以上的安全承载力储备。无螺栓双榫与有螺栓双榫试件在 ${700}\mathrm{\;{kN}}$ 的轴力下承载最大弯矩值分别为 ${405}\mathrm{{kN}}\cdot \mathrm{m}$${440}\mathrm{{kN}}\cdot \mathrm{m}$ ,与设计工况 ${720}\mathrm{{kN}}$ 轴力对应弯矩 ${190}\mathrm{{kN}}\cdot \mathrm{m}$ 相比较,仍分别具有 2.13 倍和 2.32 倍以上的安全承载力储备。
对比不同接头的承载力曲线结果可以发现, 双榫接头的极限承载力略大于单榫接头,在接头变形的线性阶段, 弯螺栓对接头承载性能影响较小, 但在接头塑性变形阶段, 弯螺栓对接头的变形延性起到了一定的有利作用。
同时, 结果中对比了基于长春装配式车站的接头试验的理论计算结果 [ 18 ] ,在接头 $\mathrm{M}2$ 类线性承载范围内, 4 种试件的承载试验结果与抗弯刚度的理论解基本吻合, 误差均在实验误差范围内, 本次试验结果也验证了既有理论计算方法对接头尺寸变化的情况仍具有良好的适应性。
在深圳地铁四期修编工程拱形断面装配式车站成功应用的基础上, 对深圳地铁五期工程所采用的矩形断面装配式车站结构方案和力学性能进行了分析研究, 得出以下结论。
1) 采用干式连接的矩形全预制装配式车站与同形式传统现浇车站结构宽度、高度基本相当。矩形装配式车站结构型式对不同车站宽度的变化具有良好的适应性, 同时可方便地进行双层三跨、三层双跨等不同型式车站结构的拓展。
2) 矩形装配式车站结构断面拆分主要考虑接头承载特性及接头的受力和稳定性要求, 接头布置位置应有利于在施工期间和使用阶段装配式结构体系的承载和稳定, 结构拆分和接头位置确定宜按预制构件形式简单、规格类型少、接头数量少的原则进行控制。
3) 经验算和试验验证, 在深圳地铁五期工程装配式车站结构的实际受力工况下,接头能够满足承载和变形的安全性要求。通过将接头线性和类线性承载阶段作为接头设计承载使用区间进行分析, 接头的安全承载力储备为 1.98%3 倍。既有注浆式榫槽接头承载力理论计算方法在接头构造调整和尺寸变化情况下仍具有较好的适用性, 理论计算结果与本次试验基本吻合。
总的来说, 深圳地铁五期矩形装配式车站方案的提出, 丰富了全预制装配式车站结构方案的多样性, 提高了结构体系的包容性, 为全装配式车站应用推广迈出了崭新的一步。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2017YFB1201104)
  • 北京城建集团创新项目(CJJT2022-002)
  • 中国城市轨道交通协会重大科研专项(CAMET-KY-2022016)
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2024年第37卷第5期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.05.012
  • 接收时间:2024-05-27
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-27
  • 修回日期:2024-07-03
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFB1201104)
北京城建集团创新项目(CJJT2022-002)
中国城市轨道交通协会重大科研专项(CAMET-KY-2022016)
作者信息
    1 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 北京 100037
    2 城市轨道交通绿色与安全建造技术国家工程研究中心 北京 100037
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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