Article(id=1149729535618368162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149729524688007450, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.02.011, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1721664000000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-23, revisedDate=1731168000000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-10, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752046482233, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1743436800000, pubDateStr=2025-04-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752046482233, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752046482233, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752046482233, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149729524688007450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, year='2025', volume='38', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='177', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1752046479627, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753780095764, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1157000837835870332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149729524688007450, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1157000837835870333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149729524688007450, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=75, endPage=81, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149729535903580852, articleId=1149729535618368162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=EN, title=Application and Performance Evaluation of Embedded Rail Technology in Metro Line Renovation: A Case Study of Xiaogang Station, columnId=1152669336394183038, journalTitle=Urban Rapid Rail Transit, columnName=Civil Engineering Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This paper presents a comprehensive assessment of embedded rail technology implementation in existing metro line renovation through the case study of Xiaogang Station. The research examines the technical challenges, innovative solutions, and construction methodology employed in this pioneering project. The construction background, distinctive features, construction procedures, and solutions to the construction challenges encountered are introduced in detail. By comparing the preand postrenovation vibration, noise and Track Quality Index (TQI) on track, along with the monitoring of the postrenovation track condition, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of embedded rail track renovation in enhancing the performance of existing lines. The results indicate that this technology can significantly improve the vibration and noise reduction performance of the line while ensuring the continuity and safety of existing line operations.

, correspAuthors=Zhenyu ZHOU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zhenyu ZHOU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149729559181968143, articleId=1149729535618368162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=CN, title=嵌入式轨道在既有线改造中的首次应用及技术研究, columnId=1152669336603898239, journalTitle=都市快轨交通, columnName=土建技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为评估嵌入式轨道技术在既有地铁线路改造中的应用效果,以国内首次进行的萧岗站嵌入式轨道改造项目为例,详细介绍该项目的施工背景、施工特点及技术方案,并针对遇到的施工挑战提出相应的解决方案。通过对比改造前后的噪声及振动监测数值、轨道质量指数(TQI),以及监测改造后轨道的工作状态,论证嵌入式轨道改造在提升既有线路性能方面的有效性。改造结果表明:此项技术既能保障既有线运营的持续性及安全性,又明显提升线路的减振降噪性能。

, correspAuthors=周振宇, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=ytUeeNiHbycb7H/OJZl+GA==, magXml=Kk0bBT7Vkq/bfSeM42L8Cw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=xGp2odYX7roki4RKMxF+DQ==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=pNa14pFlpdAEN4KqM4SsUw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

周振宇,男,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事城市轨道交通运营管理工作,

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周振宇,男,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事城市轨道交通运营管理工作,

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周振宇,男,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事城市轨道交通运营管理工作,

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Chinese journal of underground space and engineering, 2019, 15(4): 1180-1187., articleTitle=Reasonable conceptual design of embedded rail structure used in metro line, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154050945039197012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729535618368162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=12, pageStart=19, pageEnd=24, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=17, authorNames=史海欧, 田骥, 刘小清, journalName=现代城市轨道交通, refType=null, unstructuredReference=史海欧, 田骥, 刘小清, 等. 嵌入式连续支承轨道系统应用研究[J]. 现代城市轨道交通, 2021. 12): 19-24., articleTitle=嵌入式连续支承轨道系统应用研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154050945093722966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729535618368162, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=12, pageStart=19, pageEnd=24, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=18, authorNames=SHI Haiou, TIAN Ji, LIU Xiaoqing, journalName=Modern urban transit, refType=null, unstructuredReference= SHI Haiou , TIAN Ji , LIU Xiaoqing , et al. 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位置 速度/ (km/h) 阶段 钢轨 道床 隧道壁 隧道壁 减振 隧道壁减 振平均值
站台 左线 30 - 81.50 66.10 18.33 17.16
102.04 60.30 47.77
45 - 80.70 64.40 16.44
105.38 62.76 47.96
正常 速度 - 81.40 65.70 16.70
107.99 65.47 49.00
右线 30 100.37 85.62 68.54 11.06 17.68
109.73 78.75 57.48
45 106.14 97.14 76.70 19.26
110.13 80.39 57.44
正常 速度 106.35 97.70 78.24 22.73
108.40 77.58 55.50
区间 左线 30 - 92.70 76.90 19.60 19.75
107.97 62.78 57.30
45 - 94.70 78.90 21.09
108.50 62.75 57.81
正常 速度 - 94.20 78.70 18.57
112.63 65.28 60.13
右线 30 100.70 84.61 70.51 7.18 8.30
111.47 77.76 63.33
45 101.69 83.51 72.04 7.61
112.26 78.25 64.44
正常 速度 102.14 84.97 74.31 10.10
110.92 77.52 64.22
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位置 速度/ (km/h) 阶段 钢轨 道床 隧道壁 隧道壁 减振 隧道壁减 振平均值
站台 左线 30 - 81.50 66.10 18.33 17.16
102.04 60.30 47.77
45 - 80.70 64.40 16.44
105.38 62.76 47.96
正常 速度 - 81.40 65.70 16.70
107.99 65.47 49.00
右线 30 100.37 85.62 68.54 11.06 17.68
109.73 78.75 57.48
45 106.14 97.14 76.70 19.26
110.13 80.39 57.44
正常 速度 106.35 97.70 78.24 22.73
108.40 77.58 55.50
区间 左线 30 - 92.70 76.90 19.60 19.75
107.97 62.78 57.30
45 - 94.70 78.90 21.09
108.50 62.75 57.81
正常 速度 - 94.20 78.70 18.57
112.63 65.28 60.13
右线 30 100.70 84.61 70.51 7.18 8.30
111.47 77.76 63.33
45 101.69 83.51 72.04 7.61
112.26 78.25 64.44
正常 速度 102.14 84.97 74.31 10.10
110.92 77.52 64.22
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房间 工况 改造前 改造后 客厅 插入 卧室
客厅 卧室 客厅 卧室 插入
(16~200Hz) (16~200Hz) (16~200Hz) (16~200Hz) 损失 损失
0/1 类限值 38 38 38 38 - -
B 小区 5 层 (对应 右线) 背景 27.6 29 25.51 22.82 - -
${30}\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ 28.1 30.2 27.50 29.84 0.60 0.36
${45}\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ 31.9 35.3 27.37 28.74 4.53 6.56
正常车速 32.2 36.1 27.57 25.65 4.63 10.45
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房间 工况 改造前 改造后 客厅 插入 卧室
客厅 卧室 客厅 卧室 插入
(16~200Hz) (16~200Hz) (16~200Hz) (16~200Hz) 损失 损失
0/1 类限值 38 38 38 38 - -
B 小区 5 层 (对应 右线) 背景 27.6 29 25.51 22.82 - -
${30}\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ 28.1 30.2 27.50 29.84 0.60 0.36
${45}\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ 31.9 35.3 27.37 28.74 4.53 6.56
正常车速 32.2 36.1 27.57 25.65 4.63 10.45
), ArticleFig(id=1154050943143371553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729535618368162, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=Nighttime equivalent noise level (Leq) of secondary structures before and after renovation $\mathrm{{dB}}\left( \mathrm{A}\right)$, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
房间 工况 改造前 改造后 客厅 插入 损失 卧室 插入 损失
客厅 卧室 客厅 卧室
(16~ (16~ (16~ 200 (16~
0/1 类限值 35 35 35 35 - -
A 小区 12 层 (对应 左线) 背景噪声 28.28 28.3 31.94 30.24 - -
${30}\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ 32.54 32.78 31.66 31.17 0.88 1.61
${45}\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ 33.88 32.8 33.38 31.94 0.50 0.86
正常车速 34.59 33.03 33.90 31.98 0.69 1.05
B 小区 5 层 (对应 右线) 背景 25.22 29.48 22.52 19.89 - -
${30}\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ 28.29 33.2 26.55 23.99 1.74 9.21
${45}\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ 30.55 33.33 25.17 22.70 5.38 10.63
正常车速 32.26 36.27 25.72 23.25 6.54 13.02
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房间 工况 改造前 改造后 客厅 插入 损失 卧室 插入 损失
客厅 卧室 客厅 卧室
(16~ (16~ (16~ 200 (16~
0/1 类限值 35 35 35 35 - -
A 小区 12 层 (对应 左线) 背景噪声 28.28 28.3 31.94 30.24 - -
${30}\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ 32.54 32.78 31.66 31.17 0.88 1.61
${45}\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ 33.88 32.8 33.38 31.94 0.50 0.86
正常车速 34.59 33.03 33.90 31.98 0.69 1.05
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${30}\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ 28.29 33.2 26.55 23.99 1.74 9.21
${45}\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ 30.55 33.33 25.17 22.70 5.38 10.63
正常车速 32.26 36.27 25.72 23.25 6.54 13.02
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嵌入式轨道在既有线改造中的首次应用及技术研究
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周振宇
都市快轨交通 | 土建技术 2025,38(2): 75-81
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都市快轨交通 | 土建技术 2025, 38(2): 75-81
嵌入式轨道在既有线改造中的首次应用及技术研究
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周振宇
作者信息
  • 广州地铁集团有限公司 广州 510030
  • 周振宇,男,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事城市轨道交通运营管理工作,

Application and Performance Evaluation of Embedded Rail Technology in Metro Line Renovation: A Case Study of Xiaogang Station
Zhenyu ZHOU
Affiliations
  • Guangzhou Metro Group Co., Ltd. Guangzhou 510030
出版时间: 2025-04-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.02.011
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为评估嵌入式轨道技术在既有地铁线路改造中的应用效果,以国内首次进行的萧岗站嵌入式轨道改造项目为例,详细介绍该项目的施工背景、施工特点及技术方案,并针对遇到的施工挑战提出相应的解决方案。通过对比改造前后的噪声及振动监测数值、轨道质量指数(TQI),以及监测改造后轨道的工作状态,论证嵌入式轨道改造在提升既有线路性能方面的有效性。改造结果表明:此项技术既能保障既有线运营的持续性及安全性,又明显提升线路的减振降噪性能。

城市轨道交通  /  隧道减振降噪  /  嵌入式轨道  /  既有线路改造  /  施工技术

This paper presents a comprehensive assessment of embedded rail technology implementation in existing metro line renovation through the case study of Xiaogang Station. The research examines the technical challenges, innovative solutions, and construction methodology employed in this pioneering project. The construction background, distinctive features, construction procedures, and solutions to the construction challenges encountered are introduced in detail. By comparing the preand postrenovation vibration, noise and Track Quality Index (TQI) on track, along with the monitoring of the postrenovation track condition, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of embedded rail track renovation in enhancing the performance of existing lines. The results indicate that this technology can significantly improve the vibration and noise reduction performance of the line while ensuring the continuity and safety of existing line operations.

urban rail transit  /  vibration and noise reduction  /  embedded rail tracks  /  existing line retrofit  /  construction techniques
周振宇. 嵌入式轨道在既有线改造中的首次应用及技术研究. 都市快轨交通, 2025 , 38 (2) : 75 -81 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.02.011
Zhenyu ZHOU. Application and Performance Evaluation of Embedded Rail Technology in Metro Line Renovation: A Case Study of Xiaogang Station[J]. Urban Rapid Rail Transit, 2025 , 38 (2) : 75 -81 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.02.011
随着国内各大城市地铁建设的蓬勃发展, 轨道交通引起的振动及噪声污染逐渐引起人们的关注。目前国家已制定相关的轨道交通振动、噪声控制标准来指导地铁新线的建设, 尽可能减小地铁振动对周边居民生活造成的不利影响。然而, 部分老旧城区的线路因其建设时期早, 受到当时设计标准及减振降噪技术手段的限制, 已经无法满足当今沿线居民对于安静、舒适生活环境的需求。因此, 寻找一种针对既有线路且效果显著的减振降噪手段显得尤为重要。
嵌入式轨道是一种能够有效控制轨道振动、噪声的技术方案。相比传统轨道采用扣件与道床连接的形式, 嵌入式轨道采用一种弹性体将钢轨固定在钢筋混凝土板整体道床的凹槽内, 使得整个钢轨几乎完全埋置在弹性体中 [ 1 - 2 ] 。近年来,有国内学者通过有限元仿真计算、试验模拟对比等方式验证了嵌入式轨道无扣件、连续支撑的特点能够保证轨道在横向刚度和垂向刚度的均匀和连续性 [ 3 - 5 ] ,并指出在嵌入式轨道上运行的车体振动加速度和平稳性均优于离散支承普通轨道,从而在列车行驶过程中能有效降低轨道振动和噪声 [ 6 - 7 ]
嵌入式轨道技术于 1974 年首次应用于荷兰铁路混凝土桥, 之后在国内外被广泛运用于有轨电车、高速列车、地铁中 [ 8 ] 。2017 年,广州地铁 14 号线率先采用这一技术应用于地铁建设, 其连续支承嵌入式轨道系统的应用成功减少了钢轨的振动响应, 并且降低了日常维护工作量 [ 10 ]
鉴于嵌入式轨道在地铁建设中的优异表现, 广州地铁开创性地将此项技术应用于既有线路的改造。该项目采用钢槽式嵌入式轨道系统, 策略性地逐段替换传统轨道的扣件, 实现在不中断列车运营的情况下对原有线路进行全面升级。此项工程实践不仅首次探索了使用嵌入式轨道技术改造既有线路的工艺方法, 还为解决国内地铁系统中振动与噪声问题提供了全新的技术方案。
萧岗站周边有 $\mathrm{A}$$\mathrm{\;B}$ 两座小区,小区均晚于地铁设施建设。A、B 两小区与线路边线最近距离分别为 ${32}\text{、}{22}\mathrm{\;m}$ (见图1),属于噪声敏感点。原区间线路采用普通扣件, 难以满足更高的减振降噪需求。对核心影响区轨道实行嵌入式轨道改造, 可以优化轨道减振效果、 提升线路品质。
待改造轨道按照线路类型主要分为 4 段,即该车站上、 下行直线段(靠近站台段)及上、下行曲线段(位于区间内)。 轨道改造总长度为 ${1546}\mathrm{\;m}$ (左右股),整个项目中涉及轨道专业的施工共计 122 个作业点(含改造前的换轨及精调作业, 不含信号设备的环线布置施工), 项目预计减振 $8 \sim {11}\mathrm{\;{dB}}$ ,降噪 $5\mathrm{\;{dB}}\left( \mathrm{A}\right)$
图2改造项目为嵌入式轨道结构组成, 主要由钢轨、钢槽、螺栓系统(含偏心筒、调整片、盖板、螺栓)、 钢槽垫板、弹性垫板、调高垫板、调轨组件和高分子材料组成。其中钢槽由 “T” 形焊接底板、 “L” 形角钢现场拼接而成, 并通过既有固定螺栓以及调整限位块实现形位调节并固定在轨枕既有螺栓孔上。当钢槽及槽内组件安装完成后, 向钢槽内浇筑高分子材料以固定钢轨。与新建轨道结构通过预制轨道板实现槽内结构支撑不同,此次改造项目通过定制钢槽与轨枕栓接实现槽内结构的支撑, 钢轨的几何参数由相应的扣板和槽底垫板进行调整, 可以实现单线钢轨的精确定位 (见图3)。(注:支承本文指轨道结构对列车荷载的力学承载体系,强调荷载传递路径与应力分布特征; 支撑本文指对嵌入式轨道槽内构件的空间约束措施, 侧重构造稳定性与几何形位控制。)
与新线建设嵌入式轨道不同,既有线路的嵌入式轨道改造工程需紧密结合原轨道的具体条件, 并且必须确保整个项目在施工周期内不对日常列车的运营产生影响。据此,既有线路嵌入式轨道改造的施工展现出以下 4 个主要特点。
1)准备工作复杂。待改造线路由于建设时期早、 运营时间长, 且经历多次大修作业, 其线路状态具有多变性。因此, 对其进行嵌入式轨道改造前需要进行全面的轨道状态调查和分析, 以及进行冻结接头的改造、伤损钢轨的更换、TQI 精调等大型作业。
2)作业条件差。由于在既有线区间内施工,车站站台区域轨道及附属设备繁多, 作业现场空间狭小, 材料存放困难, 每次施工作业需要人工搬运新旧材料, 增加了施工作业难度。
3)单次施工时间短。根据运营需求, 嵌入式轨道改造工程仅能在当日列车停运后施工, 且不能影响次日列车运行。因此单次有效作业时间不到 $3\mathrm{\;h}$ ,大大延长了施工周期。
4)施工步骤繁琐。进行嵌入式轨道改造时, 需要拆除原轨道所有的连接零件, 工作量大。另外, 为了不影响次日的列车通行, 在每晚的作业点完成后, 需要重新复核轨道状态, 确保轨道状态至少维持在改造前水平。
本项目施工方案主要分为 2 个阶段。
1)改造前准备工作。主要包括调查该区间线路轨道状态、冻结接头改造、更换伤损及磨耗钢轨、精调轨道 TQI。另外, 由于待改造区段部分位于站台区域, 为保障信号设备正常运行, 在嵌入式轨道改造阶段开始前还应进行环线布置, 信号设备为原既有正常工作状态。
2)改造阶段工作。采用钢槽式嵌入式轨道逐段替换扣件, 其主要工艺流程为: 零级轨检小车全面检测线路 $\rightarrow$ 高精度电子数显道尺第 1 次测量钢槽安装位置几何尺寸 $\rightarrow$ 拆除既有扣件 $\rightarrow$ 安装钢槽 (对照电子数显道尺调整每一块钢槽位置几何尺寸(第 2 次测量) $\rightarrow$ 浇筑高分子材料 $\rightarrow$ 浇筑后第 3 次使用道尺测量钢槽处几何尺寸 $\rightarrow$ 零级轨检小车全面复测线路 $\rightarrow$ 高分子材料固化硬度测量。具体流程见图4
为了保证改造线路能够在次日正常运营, 整个改造施工过程采用间断性改造的方式保证轨道的几何状态, 其具体内容为按照混凝土轨枕扣件隔 2 组更换 2 组的方式进行间断性拆除扣件及安装钢槽,左、右股可同步改造(需交错进行), 随后进行补空改造, 如图5所示。
1)高分子材料浇筑时间点控制。高分子材料混合均匀后大约在 ${10}\mathrm{\;{min}}$ 后失去流动性,并且需要一定时间才能固化到工程使用强度, 因此严格把控每晚的浇筑时间点对确保施工质量和工期进度至关重要。针对此项内容, 笔者建议施工人员在项目准备阶段应进行多次材料试验, 以确定高分子材料固化时间、固化强度与环境温度、搅拌时长以及预留凝固时间的关系。 同时, 在每晚的作业点中应该严格控制浇筑时间, 预留硬化及应急处理时间, 以确保高分子材料能在每晚的有限时间内完成浇筑且达到使用强度, 避免影响次日列车的运营。
2)既有线路轨枕间距不一致。根据项目技术方案,钢槽安装按照混凝土轨枕扣件“隔二装二”的方式进行,因此钢槽的长度与轨枕间距直接相关。在施工过程中,施工人员发现既有线路的部分轨枕间距存在差异, 迫使统一采购的标准尺寸钢槽在现场需要进行二次切割和加工, 增加了施工难度。针对此项内容, 笔者建议在项目准备阶段对待改造区段的轨枕间距进行测量并建立分类台账, 定制不同长度规格的钢槽以满足不同区段的特定要求。同时, 在施工现场配置专门的切割、加工工具, 最大化降低现场加工引发的额外成本。
3)嵌入式轨道应急抢修困难。改造后的钢轨被高分子材料及钢槽包裹, 一旦出现轨头掉块甚至钢轨断裂的情况, 无法直接对钢轨进行更换, 导致应急抢险难度增加。针对此项内容, 本工程在钢槽安装步骤中, 在每组钢槽间预留了 ${200}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 的缝隙,为后续运营期间的应急抢险任务预留了锯轨、焊轨的施工空间, 如图6所示。
为了对比轨道改造前后的源强振动大小, 在左、 右线布置 4 个振动测试断面,其中 2 个断面位于站台区域, 2 个断面位于区间内。每个断面上有 3 个测点, 测点 1 布置在钢轨垂向位置, 测点 2 布置在轨道板中央位置,其与轨道板缝距离不小于 $2\mathrm{\;m}$ ,测点3布置在隧道壁上,距离轨面高度为 ${1.25}\mathrm{\;m} \pm {0.25}\mathrm{\;m}$表1为轨道改造前后钢轨、道床及隧道壁在列车分别以 30 、 ${45}\mathrm{\;{km}}/\mathrm{h}$ 、正常速度通过时的振动监测值。通过监测数据可知, 改造后车站及区间内源强减振效果均较为理想,满足隧道壁振动降低 $8 \sim {11}\mathrm{\;{dB}}$ 的要求。
为了对比轨道改造前后的二次结构噪声大小, 对地铁站周边的 A、B 两个小区进行入户噪声测试。 其中, $\mathrm{A}$ 小区选取 12 层某房间室内进行测试,其距离既有地铁线左线约 ${36}\mathrm{\;m};\mathrm{\;B}$ 小区选取 5 层某房间进行测试,其距离地铁右线约 ${20}\mathrm{\;m}$ 。房间内布置 2 个测点, 分别位于客厅和卧室。测试根据《住宅建筑室内振动限值及测量方法标准》(GB/T 50355-2018)进行。
表2表3为轨道改造后入户测试的昼、夜间噪声等效声级(Leq)结果。由于 $\mathrm{A}$ 小区昼间噪声等效声级测试数据受背景噪声干扰较大, 未能准确体现轨道改造的减噪效果, 故未在表中列出。从表中数据可以看出, 改造后的小区室内噪声能满足 《城市轨道交通引起建筑物振动与二次辐射噪声及其测量方法标准》 (JGJ/T 170-2009)中的限值要求。除部分背景噪声增大的情况外,室内减噪可达 $5\mathrm{\;{dB}}$ 以上,满足设计预期。
图7图8分别为轨道改造后入户测试的昼、夜间噪声 1/1 倍频程声压级结果。从图中数据可以看出, 改造后小区的昼、夜间二次结构噪声均有下降, 且全部满足《住宅建筑室内振动限值及其测量方法标准》 (GB/T 50355-2018)中一级限值要求。
距萧岗站嵌入式轨道改造项目完成至今已有 7 个月, 期间相应区段的轨道质量得到持续监测。运营部门工务检修记录显示,自改造项目完成以来,该区段轨道运维状况良好, 未发现任何维护问题。根据图9中嵌入式轨道在运营 7 个月后的钢轨顶面光带现场照片可以看出, 钢轨顶面的光带表面平滑且具有光泽, 其宽度均匀、位置分布稳定, 反映出稳定的轮轨关系及良好的轨道状况。
图10中曲线为上、下行区间直线段和曲线段轨道在改造前、改造中、改造后 3 个阶段的轨道质量指数 (TQI)变化情况。可以看出, 在改造前准备阶段, 由于本工程对上、下行区间的曲线待改造段进行了换轨及精调, 该阶段的曲线段 TQI 下降明显; 在改造阶段和改造完成后运营期间, 4 个区段的 TQI 总体呈现稳定趋势(上行直线段区域测点因靠近道岔,受网轨检测车较低速度的影响, 其 TQI 曲线表现出小范围的波动性), 证明轨道在嵌入式改造后其工作状态良好。
作为国内首个对既有线路实施的嵌入式轨道改造项目,萧岗站的改造工作取得了良好效果,成功实现了钢轨 “变身” 且有效提升了轨道减振降噪效果, 为国内地铁系统的既有线路减振降噪改造提供了新的技术思路。本文通过对萧岗站嵌入式轨道改造项目进行评估, 得到主要结论如下。
1)该改造项目采用高分子阻尼材料实现轨道连续支承、弹性锁固,有效改善轮轨接触关系,从源头和传播途径上减振、降噪,为嵌入式轨道技术在既有线路改造中的推广应用提供了参考价值。
2)该项目采用分段逐步实施的方式进行施工, 总计耗费 122 个(轨道相关)作业点,顺利完成 ${1546}\mathrm{\;m}$ 钢轨改造, 有效保障地铁连续正常运营, 充分验证了项目施工技术方案的成熟性和高效性。
3)轨道改造后隧道壁减振平均达到 $8 \sim {11}\mathrm{\;{dB}}$ ,小区室内降噪达到 $5\mathrm{\;{dB}}$ 以上,证明该改造项目能够有效提升轨道系统的减振降噪性能, 为既有地铁线路的升级改造提供了切实可行的技术途径。
4)该改造项目竣工以来, 区段内钢轨运营 7 个月期间状态持续保持良好, 轨道质量指数(TQI)呈现稳定趋势, 表明改造后的轨道结构在长期运营中具有可靠性。
5)本次改造项目为国内其他既有地铁线路的振动和噪声控制改造提供了工程实践参考, 展示了嵌入式轨道技术在提升轨道运营质量和改善城市生活环境方面的广泛应用前景。
然而, 改造后轨道的持续运营性能和检修维护情况仍需进一步观察与评估。此项工作的长期成效, 特别是在维保策略和长效运营管理方面的影响, 将是后续研究和实践中需关注的重点。
  • 四川省科技支撑计划项目(2016GZ0332)
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2025年第38卷第2期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.02.011
  • 接收时间:2024-07-23
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2025-04-01
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-23
  • 修回日期:2024-11-10
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四川省科技支撑计划项目(2016GZ0332)
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    广州地铁集团有限公司 广州 510030
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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