Article(id=1149729527087153635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149729524209861062, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.01.017, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1715184000000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-09, revisedDate=1719417600000, revisedDateStr=2024-06-27, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752046480199, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752046480199, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752046480198, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752046480198, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149729524209861062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, year='2025', volume='38', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='176', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1752046479512, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753780104827, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1157000875844653181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149729524209861062, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1157000875844653182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149729524209861062, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=128, endPage=135, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149729527238148585, articleId=1149729527087153635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=EN, title=Micro Deformation Control Technology for Subway Deep Foundation Pit Construction Surrounding Buildings in Weak Strata, columnId=1152669336394183038, journalTitle=Urban Rapid Rail Transit, columnName=Civil Engineering Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The control of micro deformation of adjacent buildings during the construction of deep foundation pits in weak strata is one of the challenges in the geotechnical field. Taking the construction project of subway deep foundation pit of adjacent buildings in soft ground in Hangzhou as an example, this paper introduced the micro deformation control technologies such as the reinforcement technology of underground continuous wall trough wall, sleeve valve pipe grouting reinforcement technology, servo steel support system, and the reinforcement and excavation technology of underground middle wall, and analyzed the deformation characteristics and the effect of micro deformation control technology in the construction of deep foundation pit of adjacent buildings in soft ground. The results indicate that the sleeve valve pipe grouting reinforcement technology reduces the impact of construction on the surrounding building group and suppresses its deformation; the deformation of the enclosure structure and surrounding deformation can be suppressed through slot wall reinforcement technology, and the quality of the enclosure structure has been improved; the servo steel support system effectively suppresses the deformation of the enclosure structure and reduces the impact of construction on the surrounding area; cross wall and block excavation technology suppresses building deformation and weakens the impact of spatiotemporal effects. In the end, the surrounding buildings of the deep foundation pit basically achieved the goal of "micro deformation”.

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针对软弱地层地铁深基坑施工时邻近建筑物微变形控制问题,以杭州地铁项目为例,介绍地下连续墙槽壁加固技术、袖阀管注浆加固技术、伺服钢支撑系统、地中壁加固开挖技术等微变形控制技术,分析软弱地层深基坑施工邻近建筑物变形特性和微变形控制技术效果。结果表明:袖阀管注浆加固技术可减小施工对邻近建筑物群的影响,抑制其变形;围护结构变形、周边变形通过槽壁加固技术得以抑制,围护结构质量得到提高;围护结构变形被伺服钢支撑系统有效抑制,减小周边变形;地中壁加固开挖技术控制基坑变形,减小时空效应影响。基本实现了深基坑周边建筑物群“微变形”的目标。

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王同华,女,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通深基坑、隧道设计和安全评估相关工作,

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王同华,女,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通深基坑、隧道设计和安全评估相关工作,

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王同华,女,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通深基坑、隧道设计和安全评估相关工作,

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Beijing 100137), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154051012202582439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, companyId=1154051012189999525, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 北京 100037)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1154051012680733115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=urban rail transit), Keyword(id=1154051012747841981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=soft ground), Keyword(id=1154051012798173632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=building clusters), Keyword(id=1154051012852699587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=subway deep foundation pit), Keyword(id=1154051012915614150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=micro deformation), Keyword(id=1154051012965945801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=EN, orderNo=6, keyword=control technology), Keyword(id=1154051013020471756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=城市轨道交通), Keyword(id=1154051013083386319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=软弱地层), Keyword(id=1154051013150495185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=建筑物群), Keyword(id=1154051013217604051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=地铁深基坑), Keyword(id=1154051013284712917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=微变形), Keyword(id=1154051013364404695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=控制技术)], refs=[Reference(id=1154051016392692289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=27, issue=2, pageStart=117, pageEnd=123, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=魏建发, 周颖, 田发派, journalName=城市轨道交通研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=魏建发, 周颖, 田发派, 等. 圆砾地层深基坑坑角效应 对邻近建筑物变形的影响[J]. 城市轨道交通研究, 2024, 27(2): 117-123., articleTitle=圆砾地层深基坑坑角效应 对邻近建筑物变形的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154051016447218243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=27, issue=2, pageStart=117, pageEnd=123, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=WEI Jianfa, ZHOU Ying, TIAN Fapa, journalName=Urban mass transit, refType=null, unstructuredReference= WEI Jianfa , ZHOU Ying , TIAN Fapa , et al. 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Advanced engineering sciences, 2020, 52(4): 149-156., articleTitle=Field measurement and numerical analysis of the influences between the deep excavation and adjacent buildings, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154051017583874666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=28, issue=6, pageStart=1368, pageEnd=1377, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=16, authorNames=胡瑞庚, 刘红军, 王兆耀, journalName=工程地质学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=胡瑞庚, 刘红军, 王兆耀, 等. 邻近建筑物的滨海土岩 组合基坑支护结构变形分析[J]. 工程地质学报, 2020, 28(6): 1368-1377., articleTitle=邻近建筑物的滨海土岩 组合基坑支护结构变形分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154051017638400620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=28, issue=6, pageStart=1368, pageEnd=1377, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=17, authorNames=HU Ruigeng, LIU Hongjun, WANG Zhaoyao, journalName=Journal of engineering geology, refType=null, unstructuredReference= HU Ruigeng , LIU Hongjun , WANG Zhaoyao , et al. 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Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2014., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1154051016258474556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, awardId=LQ24E080016, language=CN, fundingSource=浙江省自然科学基金探索青年项目(LQ24E080016), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154051012189999525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154051012194193830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, companyId=1154051012189999525, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Beijing Urban Construction Design & Development Group Co., Ltd. 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tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154051014572364275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, label=图 5, caption=袖阀管布设, figureFileSmall=vbh29Xg5Xy8BVgMUukpV+g==, figureFileBig=z6pbMuPKSCx5wSHgKkzAEg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154051014622695925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Reinforcement profile of Wulinmen New Village, figureFileSmall=1ID8kXoeb/D25CzPNXLRjg==, figureFileBig=HTuwSBmZMp8/AhOjuWlhHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154051014668833271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, label=图 6, caption=武林门新村加固剖面, figureFileSmall=1ID8kXoeb/D25CzPNXLRjg==, figureFileBig=HTuwSBmZMp8/AhOjuWlhHw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154051014723359225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, 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label=Figure 12, caption=Deformation curve of Shentangqiao New Village, figureFileSmall=GQAobgjRXEJ1XU28mkg6xg==, figureFileBig=IM6TrKE84wuUFGq6jyiugA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154051015331533327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, label=图 12, caption=沈塘桥新村变形曲线, figureFileSmall=GQAobgjRXEJ1XU28mkg6xg==, figureFileBig=IM6TrKE84wuUFGq6jyiugA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154051015398642194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=EN, label=Figure 13, caption=Surface settlement on the south side of the foundation pit, figureFileSmall=VzI8Kp/Knhfa2SOZrTdmkA==, figureFileBig=8VQbe2Jnvgoa48K924jNxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154051015457362453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, label=图 13, caption=基坑南侧地表沉降, figureFileSmall=VzI8Kp/Knhfa2SOZrTdmkA==, 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figureFileBig=qtk9R3P8nRHJ2CH/DsCYcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154051015688049186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, label=图 15, caption=武林门新村区段围护结构水平位移, figureFileSmall=qSBw5520kcjRhB9edwsH/A==, figureFileBig=qtk9R3P8nRHJ2CH/DsCYcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154051015750963750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=Overview of buildings and foundation pits, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
建筑物名称 基础形式 与基坑最小距离/m
伊美大酒店 钻孔灌注桩 4.52
出入境检验检疫局 钻孔灌注桩 20.63
杭州新世纪大酒店 钻孔灌注桩 55.20
武林门新村 灌注桩 6.52
沈塘新村 52-1 条形基础 10.53
杭勘院 钻孔灌注桩 6.47
), ArticleFig(id=1154051015839044136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=建筑物与基坑情况, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
建筑物名称 基础形式 与基坑最小距离/m
伊美大酒店 钻孔灌注桩 4.52
出入境检验检疫局 钻孔灌注桩 20.63
杭州新世纪大酒店 钻孔灌注桩 55.20
武林门新村 灌注桩 6.52
沈塘新村 52-1 条形基础 10.53
杭勘院 钻孔灌注桩 6.47
), ArticleFig(id=1154051015897764394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Soil layer parameters table, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
层号 岩土名称 天然重度 黏聚力c/ kPa 内摩擦角
碎石填土 19.0 2 15
淤泥质粉质黏土 17.4 13 10
粉质黏土 19.0 35 15
淤泥质粉质黏土 17.2 13 10
粉质黏土 19.3 45 16
${\underline{10}}_{1}$ 粉砂 18.0 17 13
粉质黏土 19.4 46 16
(21)a-1 全风化安山玢岩 18.6 40 16
(21)a-2 强风化安山玢岩 21.0 25 27
), ArticleFig(id=1154051015956484655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, label=表 2, caption=土层参数表, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
层号 岩土名称 天然重度 黏聚力c/ kPa 内摩擦角
碎石填土 19.0 2 15
淤泥质粉质黏土 17.4 13 10
粉质黏土 19.0 35 15
淤泥质粉质黏土 17.2 13 10
粉质黏土 19.3 45 16
${\underline{10}}_{1}$ 粉砂 18.0 17 13
粉质黏土 19.4 46 16
(21)a-1 全风化安山玢岩 18.6 40 16
(21)a-2 强风化安山玢岩 21.0 25 27
), ArticleFig(id=1154051016036176433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=Tandard value of supporting axial force, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
支撑名称 设计轴力/kN 预加轴力/kN
第 1 道支撑 2310
第 2 道支撑 3 373 1 680
第 3 道支撑 4 641 1 890
第 4 道支撑 4 221 1 680
第 5 道支撑 13 098
第 6 道支撑 4 775 1 680
第 7 道支撑 5090 1 680
), ArticleFig(id=1154051016086508083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729527087153635, language=CN, label=表 3, caption=支撑轴力标准值, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
支撑名称 设计轴力/kN 预加轴力/kN
第 1 道支撑 2310
第 2 道支撑 3 373 1 680
第 3 道支撑 4 641 1 890
第 4 道支撑 4 221 1 680
第 5 道支撑 13 098
第 6 道支撑 4 775 1 680
第 7 道支撑 5090 1 680
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软弱地层地铁深基坑施工邻近建筑物微变形控制技术
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王同华
都市快轨交通 | 土建技术 2025,38(1): 128-135
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都市快轨交通 | 土建技术 2025, 38(1): 128-135
软弱地层地铁深基坑施工邻近建筑物微变形控制技术
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王同华
作者信息
  • 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 北京 100037
  • 王同华,女,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通深基坑、隧道设计和安全评估相关工作,

Micro Deformation Control Technology for Subway Deep Foundation Pit Construction Surrounding Buildings in Weak Strata
Tonghua WANG
Affiliations
  • Beijing Urban Construction Design & Development Group Co., Ltd. Beijing 100137
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.01.017
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针对软弱地层地铁深基坑施工时邻近建筑物微变形控制问题,以杭州地铁项目为例,介绍地下连续墙槽壁加固技术、袖阀管注浆加固技术、伺服钢支撑系统、地中壁加固开挖技术等微变形控制技术,分析软弱地层深基坑施工邻近建筑物变形特性和微变形控制技术效果。结果表明:袖阀管注浆加固技术可减小施工对邻近建筑物群的影响,抑制其变形;围护结构变形、周边变形通过槽壁加固技术得以抑制,围护结构质量得到提高;围护结构变形被伺服钢支撑系统有效抑制,减小周边变形;地中壁加固开挖技术控制基坑变形,减小时空效应影响。基本实现了深基坑周边建筑物群“微变形”的目标。

城市轨道交通  /  软弱地层  /  建筑物群  /  地铁深基坑  /  微变形  /  控制技术

The control of micro deformation of adjacent buildings during the construction of deep foundation pits in weak strata is one of the challenges in the geotechnical field. Taking the construction project of subway deep foundation pit of adjacent buildings in soft ground in Hangzhou as an example, this paper introduced the micro deformation control technologies such as the reinforcement technology of underground continuous wall trough wall, sleeve valve pipe grouting reinforcement technology, servo steel support system, and the reinforcement and excavation technology of underground middle wall, and analyzed the deformation characteristics and the effect of micro deformation control technology in the construction of deep foundation pit of adjacent buildings in soft ground. The results indicate that the sleeve valve pipe grouting reinforcement technology reduces the impact of construction on the surrounding building group and suppresses its deformation; the deformation of the enclosure structure and surrounding deformation can be suppressed through slot wall reinforcement technology, and the quality of the enclosure structure has been improved; the servo steel support system effectively suppresses the deformation of the enclosure structure and reduces the impact of construction on the surrounding area; cross wall and block excavation technology suppresses building deformation and weakens the impact of spatiotemporal effects. In the end, the surrounding buildings of the deep foundation pit basically achieved the goal of "micro deformation”.

urban rail transit  /  soft ground  /  building clusters  /  subway deep foundation pit  /  micro deformation  /  control technology
王同华. 软弱地层地铁深基坑施工邻近建筑物微变形控制技术. 都市快轨交通, 2025 , 38 (1) : 128 -135 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.01.017
Tonghua WANG. Micro Deformation Control Technology for Subway Deep Foundation Pit Construction Surrounding Buildings in Weak Strata[J]. Urban Rapid Rail Transit, 2025 , 38 (1) : 128 -135 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.01.017
地铁深基坑通常位于城市的建筑高密集区, 深基坑施工对周边建筑物影响较大, 若施工不当, 往往会造成建筑物变形过大、沉降不均甚至坍塌的风险 [ 1 - 3 ]
建筑物与基坑的关系, 多位学者开展了一系列研究。祝建勋等,研究发现北京地区地下连续墙主要为隆起变形, 变形大小与地下连续墙刚度、支撑类型有关。朱大鹏等 [ 5 ] 对施工和降水联合作用下周边建筑物变形特征进行探讨。赵世永 [ 6 ] 探讨了围护结构施工时周围建筑物的响应特性。郑翔等 [ 7 ] 研究了深基坑施工全过程中相邻建筑物的形变规律。韩健勇等 [ 8 ] 分析了邻近建筑物与深基坑施工相互影响变形规律。胡瑞庚等 [ 9 ] 研究了滨海土岩地层邻近建筑物深基坑变形规律。国内外学者对于邻近建筑物与深基坑相互影响及变形规律进行了研究, 但对于软弱地层邻近建筑物深基坑变形控制措施鲜有研究。因此, 本文以杭州某邻近建筑物群地铁深基坑施工为例, 分析邻近建筑物群深基坑变形规律, 开发深基坑施工微变形控制技术。
杭州地铁沈塘桥站深基坑周边浅基础与深基础建筑物较密集, 基坑北侧有沈塘桥新村、中信银行、杭州伊美大酒店等, 基坑南侧有武林门新村、杭勘院、 中山医院等, 建筑物与基坑情况如 表 1 所示, 位置关系如 图 1 所示。
基坑施工范围土体由填土、淤泥质土和砂质粉土等组成, 地层较稳定, 一般具有呈层分布的特点, 土体物理力学性质如 表 2 所示。
地下连续墙厚度 ${1.2}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,安设 7 道支撑,第 1、第 5 道为混凝土支撑,其余为 ${\phi 800}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 伺服钢支撑,设计方案如 图 2 所示。
武林门新村 55-2 号楼,结构形式为 7 层框架结构, 基础形式为 ${\phi 325}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 振动灌注桩,桩长为 ${15.15}\mathrm{\;m}$ , 其旁边为武林门新村 $1 \sim 2$ 层砖砌房屋,基础形式为条形基础,埋深约 ${1.5}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,与基坑距离约 ${6.52}\mathrm{\;m}$ 。为减小地下连续墙施工对周边环境的影响, 对基坑西南侧邻近武林门新村环境敏感区、基坑北侧邻近伊美大酒店(碎石填土厚度超过 $3\mathrm{\;m}$ )地层敏感区进行槽壁加固, 加固采用 $\phi$ 850 @600 mm 3 轴水泥搅拌桩,加固深度为地表下 ${10}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,水泥渗量 ${20}\%$ ,加固平面如 图 3 所示, 加固详图如 图 4 所示。
邻近武林门新村基坑阳角处,采用 $\phi$ 850 @600 mm 3 轴水泥搅拌桩加固, 其与地下连续墙之间的空隙, 用 ${\phi 800}@{600}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 高压旋喷桩充填,桩底插入基坑底以下 $3\mathrm{\;m}$ ,其余阳角部位加固形状呈梯形,加固区段为地表下 $2\mathrm{\;m}$ 至基坑底以下 $3\mathrm{\;m}$ ,阳角加固平面如 图 3 所示。
武林门新村灌注桩基础底部位于基坑开挖面上面, 且部分建筑物为浅基础, 为减小武林门新村的变形, 保护其安全, 对靠近武林门新村处土体进行注浆加固。从邻近基坑一侧开始, 布设 3 排注浆孔, 按梅花形布置,采用倾斜注浆,倾斜角度约 ${10}^{\circ }$ ,沿武林门新村加固长度约 ${66}\mathrm{\;m}$ 。注浆孔直径为 ${\phi 73}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,排距 ${1.0}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,加固区段为地表下 $2\mathrm{\;m}$${24}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,阀管外径和每节长度分别为 ${52}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$${330}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 。袖阀管布置如 图 5 所示, 武林门新村袖阀管注浆加固剖面如 图 6 所示。
选用体积比为 $1 : 1$ 的水泥浆一水玻璃双液浆为袖阀管注浆材料,其中,水玻璃浓度为 ${35}^{\circ }\mathrm{B}\dot{\mathrm{e}}$ ,水泥浆材料为 P.S.A32.5 普通水泥和水, 水灰比为 1 : 1, 水泥浆密度为 ${1.5}\mathrm{t}/{\mathrm{m}}^{3}$ ,注浆压力为 ${0.2}\sim {1.2}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ ,注浆流量为 ${30}\sim {60}\mathrm{\;L}\cdot {\mathrm{{min}}}^{-1}$ ,每孔注浆量为 ${25}\sim {30}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}$
为减小施工对周边建筑物的影响, 采用钢筋混凝土支撑+钢支撑混合内支撑体系,共计 7 道支撑,其中第 1、第 5 道为钢筋混凝土支撑,其余为钢支撑,钢支撑直径 $\phi$${800}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,厚度 $t$${16}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,且采用伺服钢支撑系统。支撑布置剖面如 图 7 所示。
伺服钢支撑应设置预加轴力,施工过程中若轴力有损失, 则应补加, 以控制建筑物变形, 设置数值如 表 3 所示。
地铁车站长度为 ${182}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,施工时容易导致围护结构变形过大。在基坑中部设置 2 道地中壁, 结合地中壁位置将基坑分为 8 个单元段进行开挖, 每个单元段基坑开挖应遵循分段分层开挖的原则, 以免时空效应影响周边建筑物变形, 地中壁及基坑分段平面如 图 8 所示。
第 1一第 4 单元分段长度小于第 5一第 8 单元, 主要原因为东部区段基坑周边建筑物基础为桩基础且为端承桩基础,安全性相对较高。基坑施工分为 2 个阶段, 第 1 阶段施工第 1-第 4 单元, 第 2 阶段施工第 5-第 8 单元, 地中壁两侧土方应对称开挖, 根据实际支撑布设情况, 将竖向土体分为 7 层开挖。
为研究软弱地层深基坑施工邻近建筑物变形特性和微变形控制技术效果, 对建筑物变形、地表沉降和围护结构水平位移实测数据进行分析, 监测点布置平面如 图 9 所示。
为研究基坑施工对邻近建筑物群的影响, 对围护结构施工及基坑开挖阶段武林门新村、沈塘桥新村变形进行研究,变形曲线如 图 10 ~ 图 12 所示。
图 10 为武林门新村 55-2 幢变形曲线。由 图 10 可得: 建筑物变形位于 $-{27}\sim 4\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,变形曲线总体呈先稳定, 后增加, 最后稳定的规律。地下连续墙施工阶段建筑物变形较小,位于零线上下浮动;基坑开挖后, 建筑物变形迅速增加, 邻近基坑较近的监测点 J15-1, J15-13, J15-15, J15-16 变形较大, 邻近基坑阳角处监测点 J15-15, J15-16 未发生明显的突变, 但由于建筑物近距毗邻基坑, 导致建筑物北侧变形较其他侧较大,但变形数值小于 ${30}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,符合规范 [ 10 ] 及设计要求。
图 11 为武林门新村 20,57 幢变形曲线。由 图 11 可得:建筑物变形位于 $-{14}\sim 4\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,变形曲线总体呈先稳定, 后增加, 最后稳定的规律。武林门新村变形在地下连续墙施工阶段较小, 但基坑开挖后, 武林门新村变形迅速增加, 基坑较近处监测点变形出现明显增大。
沈塘桥新村变形曲线如 图 12 所示, 建筑物变形位于 $- 5 \sim 2\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,变形曲线总体呈先稳定,后增加,最后稳定的规律。因为沈塘桥新村与基坑最近距离约 ${10.5}\mathrm{\;m}$ , 且位于端头井部位, 坑角效应影响较大, 所以沈塘桥新村变形较小。
为综合了解基坑施工对建筑物的影响, 分析基坑南侧武林门新村范围内地表沉降, 结果如 图 13 所示。
图 13 可得: 地表沉降曲线呈 “凹槽” 型, 符合一般沉降规律,距离基坑 ${8.5}\mathrm{\;m}\left({{0.33H}, H}\right.$ 为基坑深度) 处沉降最大,最大沉降位置位于武林门新村 55-2 幢处, 所以基坑施工对武林门新村 55-2 幢影响较大,但沉降小于 ${30}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,符合规范 [ 10 ] 及设计要求。
对基坑地下连续墙水平位移进行分析, 从而综合分析基坑施工对建筑物影响, 选取基坑南侧和北侧监测点 $\mathrm{Z}1 \sim \mathrm{Z}4$$\mathrm{Z}{16}\sim \mathrm{Z}{19}$ ,分析结果如 图 14 ~ 图 15 所示。 图 14 为基坑北侧沈塘桥新村区段围护结构变形曲线。由 图 14 可得:围护结构水平位移位于 $-{25}\sim {25}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ , 沿深度方向呈 “ $\mathrm{S}$ ” 形,即上部向坑外凸出,下部向坑内凸出, 两端的变形较小。
图 15 为基坑南侧武林门新村区段围护结构变形曲线。由 图 15 可得: 围护结构水平位移位于 $-{20}\sim {35}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ , 沿开挖深度方向呈 “S” 形, 即上部向坑外凸出, 下部向坑内凸出, 两端的变形较小, 钢筋混凝土支撑对地下连续墙变形控制有明显的效果, 过大或过小的预加轴力对围护结构变形影响较大。
对比 图 14图 15 可得: 基坑西南侧由于邻近武林门新村敏感区地下连续墙水平位移稍大于基坑西北侧,但地表下 ${10}\mathrm{\;m}$ 范围内基坑西南侧敏感区地下连续墙水平位移较小, 表明槽壁加固有效遏制了加固段地下连续墙的变形, 从而减小了建筑物敏感区变形。
本文以地铁深基坑施工为例, 探讨了邻近建筑物微变形控制技术, 主要结论如下:
1) 分析了软弱地层地铁深基坑施工邻近建筑物微变形控制技术。该技术融合了地下连续墙槽壁加固、 袖阀管注浆加固、伺服钢支撑系统、地中壁加固、分块分层开挖等控制技术, 实现了深基坑及周边环境微变形的目标。
2) 槽壁加固技术使地下连续墙水平位移减小了 32.57%,有效遏制了地下连续墙水平变形。地下连续墙施工阶段建筑物竖向变形为最大变形的 14.8%, 基坑开挖后变形迅速增大,基坑开挖完成后变形趋于稳定。
3) 地表沉降曲线呈 “凹槽” 型,距离基坑 ${8.5}\mathrm{\;m}$ (0.33 $\mathrm{H}$ )处沉降值最大,为 ${25.97}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,最大沉降位置位于武林门新村 55-2 幢处, 表明项目对武林门新村 55-2 幢处加固是合理的。
4) 围护结构水平位移沿开挖深度方向呈 “S” 型, 即上部向坑外凸出, 下部向坑内凸出, 两端变形较小, 过大或过小的预加轴力对围护结构变形影响较大, 施工中应合理设置伺服钢支撑预加轴力值。
  • 浙江省自然科学基金探索青年项目(LQ24E080016)
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2025年第38卷第1期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.01.017
  • 接收时间:2024-05-09
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-09
  • 修回日期:2024-06-27
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浙江省自然科学基金探索青年项目(LQ24E080016)
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    北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 北京 100037
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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