Article(id=1149729534871782021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149729526025994706, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.03.001, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1728316800000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-08, revisedDate=1732723200000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-28, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752046482055, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1748707200000, pubDateStr=2025-06-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752046482055, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752046482055, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752046482055, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149729526025994706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, year='2025', volume='38', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='161', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1752046479946, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753780086246, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1157000797948039291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149729526025994706, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1157000797948039292, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149729526025994706, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1, endPage=10, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149729535203132046, articleId=1149729534871782021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=EN, title=A Review of Domestic Research on Performance Evaluation of Urban Rail Transit Networks, columnId=1152669340382966151, journalTitle=Urban Rapid Rail Transit, columnName=Forum of Rapid Rail Transit, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to analyze the development and current research status of urban rail transit network performance evaluation, in urban rail transit networks this paper conducts a quantitative analysis of the literature from the CNKI database based on CiteSpace software. This paper gradually focuses on three levels of research: urban rail transit, urban rail transit network, and urban rail transit network performance evaluation, and analyzes the information such as the number of publications, authors, literature sources and keywords. By tracing the important literature, the main indicators of rail transit network performance evaluation are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of different evaluation methods are commented. The results show that the research on performance evaluation of urban rail transit networks is undergoing several important transformations. Firstly, the analytical model is developed from unweighted network to weighted network model, which pays more attention to the differences between stations and intervals. Secondly, the research object was extended from the analysis of rail transit network to the comprehensive evaluation of coupled transportation networks such as railroad and railbus. Finally, the research focus of network performance has gradually shifted from the resistance ability under disasters or external shocks to the resilience evaluation including the postdisaster recovery ability.

, correspAuthors=Huiquan MIAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jiaxu ZHAO, Benwei HOU, Huiquan MIAO, Zhiwei JIANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149729544275410961, articleId=1149729534871782021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=CN, title=城市轨道交通网络性能评价国内研究综述, columnId=1152669340680761737, journalTitle=都市快轨交通, columnName=快轨论坛, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为分析城市轨道交通网络性能评价领域的发展历程和研究现状,基于 CiteSpace 软件对中国知网数据库中的文献进行计量分析。从城市轨道交通、城市轨道交通网络以及城市轨道交通网络性能评价3个层次的研究逐步聚焦,并对发文量、发文作者、文献来源和关键词等信息进行分析。通过追踪重要文献,归纳轨道交通网络性能评价的主要指标,并评述了不同评价方法的优缺点。研究表明,城市轨道交通网络性能评价研究正在经历几个重要的转变:首先,分析模型从无权网络向加权网络模型发展,更加注重车站和区间的差异性;其次,研究对象从轨道交通网络分析扩展到对轨道道路、轨道公交等耦合交通网络的综合评价;最后,网络性能研究焦点也由灾害或外部冲击时的抵抗能力,逐步转向包含灾后恢复能力的韧性评价。

, correspAuthors=缪惠全, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
缪惠全,男,博士,副研究员,主要从事生命线工程与韧性城市方面的研究,
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赵家旭,女,硕士研究生,主要从事城市轨道交通网络性能评估方面的研究,

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赵家旭,女,硕士研究生,主要从事城市轨道交通网络性能评估方面的研究,

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赵家旭,女,硕士研究生,主要从事城市轨道交通网络性能评估方面的研究,

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Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong Uni-versity (Natural Science), 2021, 40(8): 50-56., articleTitle=Optimizing timetable for urban rail transit network during the first train time period, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154050838185107605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=20, issue=5, pageStart=1587, pageEnd=1597, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[48], rfOrder=87, authorNames=黄俊生, 陈垚, 张安英, journalName=铁道科学与工程学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄俊生, 陈垚, 张安英, 等. 考虑互联互通的城市轨道交通网络列车开行方案优化[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报, 2023, 20(5): 1587-1597., articleTitle=考虑互联互通的城市轨道交通网络列车开行方案优化, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154050838248022166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=20, issue=5, pageStart=1587, pageEnd=1597, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[48], rfOrder=88, authorNames=HUANG Junsheng, CHEN Yao, ZHANG Anying, journalName=Journal of railway science and engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference= HUANG Junsheng , CHEN Yao , ZHANG Anying , et al. Optimization of urban rail network operation scheme considering interconnection[J]. Journal of railway science and engineering, 2023, 20(5): 1587-1597., articleTitle=Optimization of urban rail network operation scheme considering interconnection, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1154050832665403433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, awardId=52220105011, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(52220105011), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154050828756313060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154050828760507365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, companyId=1154050828756313060, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering, Ministry of Education Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154050828764701670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, companyId=1154050828756313060, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北京工业大学 城市和工程安全减灾教育部重点实验室 北京 100124)]), AuthorCompany(id=1154050828815033319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154050828819227624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, companyId=1154050828815033319, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 College of Architecture and Civil Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154050828827616233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, companyId=1154050828815033319, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京工业大学 建筑工程学院 北京 100124)]), AuthorCompany(id=1154050828877947882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154050828882142187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, companyId=1154050828877947882, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 National Engineering Research Center of Green & Safe Construction Technology in Urban Rail Transit Beijing 100037), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154050828886336492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, companyId=1154050828877947882, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 城市轨道交通绿色与安全建造技术国家工程研究中心 北京 100037)]), AuthorCompany(id=1154050828928279533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154050828932473838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, companyId=1154050828928279533, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4 Beijing Urban Construction Design and Development Group Co., Ltd. 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层次 1 2 3
领域 城市轨道交通 城市轨道 交通网络 城市轨道交通 网络性能评价
检索 城市轨道交通+地铁 (层次 1)* (网络) (层次 2)*(可靠性+ 脆弱性+鲁棒性+ 韧性+安全+风险)
精炼 基金文献*学科为(建筑 科学与工程+交通运输经 济+铁路运输+安全科学 与灾害防治) 基金文献 基金文献
数量 9 386 909 206
), ArticleFig(id=1154050832053035039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, language=CN, label=表1, caption=检索方式与论文数量, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
层次 1 2 3
领域 城市轨道交通 城市轨道 交通网络 城市轨道交通 网络性能评价
检索 城市轨道交通+地铁 (层次 1)* (网络) (层次 2)*(可靠性+ 脆弱性+鲁棒性+ 韧性+安全+风险)
精炼 基金文献*学科为(建筑 科学与工程+交通运输经 济+铁路运输+安全科学 与灾害防治) 基金文献 基金文献
数量 9 386 909 206
), ArticleFig(id=1154050832107560993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Top 5 journals in the research area of urban rail transit by number of literature searched, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号 期刊名称 文献数量 占比/%
1 城市轨道交通研究 1 069 11.39
2 都市快轨交通 652 6.95
3 施工技术 124 1.32
4 噪声与振动控制 104 1.11
5 防灾减灾工程学报 65 0.69
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编号 期刊名称 文献数量 占比/%
1 城市轨道交通研究 1 069 11.39
2 都市快轨交通 652 6.95
3 施工技术 124 1.32
4 噪声与振动控制 104 1.11
5 防灾减灾工程学报 65 0.69
), ArticleFig(id=1154050832229195811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=The co-occurrence frequency of keywords in the research area of performance evaluation of urban rail transit network, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号 年份 频次 关键词 编号 年份 频次 关键词 编号 年份 频次 关键词
1 2010 38 复杂网络 8 2012 7 地铁施工 15 2011 5 安全评价
2 2007 15 地铁 9 2010 7 可靠性 16 2010 4 安全风险
3 2013 13 脆弱性 10 2012 7 轨道交通 17 2013 4 地铁运营
4 2013 11 城市交通 11 2017 6 地铁车站 18 2020 4 修复策略
5 2010 9 交通工程 12 2014 5 风险评估 19 2015 3 遗传算法
6 2016 8 地铁网络 13 2016 5 拓扑结构 20 2022 3 安全工程
7 2013 8 鲁棒性 14 2023 5 韧性评估 21 2018 3 地铁系统
), ArticleFig(id=1154050832279527460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, language=CN, label=表3, caption=城市轨道交通网络性能评价领域关键词共现频次, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号 年份 频次 关键词 编号 年份 频次 关键词 编号 年份 频次 关键词
1 2010 38 复杂网络 8 2012 7 地铁施工 15 2011 5 安全评价
2 2007 15 地铁 9 2010 7 可靠性 16 2010 4 安全风险
3 2013 13 脆弱性 10 2012 7 轨道交通 17 2013 4 地铁运营
4 2013 11 城市交通 11 2017 6 地铁车站 18 2020 4 修复策略
5 2010 9 交通工程 12 2014 5 风险评估 19 2015 3 遗传算法
6 2016 8 地铁网络 13 2016 5 拓扑结构 20 2022 3 安全工程
7 2013 8 鲁棒性 14 2023 5 韧性评估 21 2018 3 地铁系统
), ArticleFig(id=1154050832338247717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=Research methods and models, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型与方法 问题类型 作用
复杂网络法 网络评价 (结构、功能) 分析网络拓扑特性和功能特性; 识别关键车站
综合评价法 多指标评价 (综合性能) 不同维度指标的综合评价; 判断网络性能等级; 识别关键影响因素
概率图方法 不确定性评价 分析外部干扰的致因过程; 推导风险因子的发生概率; 进行网络或系统风险评估
优化决策模型 调控决策优化 确定最优恢复方案; 优化列车调度
), ArticleFig(id=1154050832405356582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, language=CN, label=表4, caption=研究方法与模型, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型与方法 问题类型 作用
复杂网络法 网络评价 (结构、功能) 分析网络拓扑特性和功能特性; 识别关键车站
综合评价法 多指标评价 (综合性能) 不同维度指标的综合评价; 判断网络性能等级; 识别关键影响因素
概率图方法 不确定性评价 分析外部干扰的致因过程; 推导风险因子的发生概率; 进行网络或系统风险评估
优化决策模型 调控决策优化 确定最优恢复方案; 优化列车调度
), ArticleFig(id=1154050832468271143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=Statistics of network performance evaluation indicators, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 指标 表达式 序号 指标 表达式
1 平均度 [ 17 - 18 , 20 , 21 , 23 , 25 ] $\bar{k} = \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i = 1}}^{N}\frac{{k}_{i}}{N}$ 7 最大连通子图相对 大小[17-18, 20-21, 24-27] $S = \frac{{N}^{\prime }}{N}$
2 介数[18, 20, 23, 25] $B = \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{1 \leq j \leq l \leq N}}\frac{{n}_{jl}\left( i\right) }{{n}_{jl}}$ 8 权重分布差异性 [ 21 ] ${Y}_{i} = \frac{1}{N}\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i = 1}}^{N}\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{j \in {N}_{i}}}{\left( \frac{{w}_{ij}}{{S}_{i}}\right) }^{2}\;{S}_{i} = \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{j \in {N}_{i}}}{w}_{ij}$
3 平均路径 长度[17-21, 23-25] $L = \frac{2}{N\left( {N - 1}\right) }\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i \geq j}}{d}_{ij}$ 9 鲁棒性 [ 21 ] $r = \frac{1}{N}\ln \left( {M - N - 2}\right)$
4 网络直径 [ 17 - 18 , 20 , 23 - 25 ] $D = \max \left\{ {d}_{ij}\right\}$ 10 平均节点紧密度 [ 23 ] ${F}_{i} = \frac{n - 1}{\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{j \neq i}}{d}_{ij}}$
5 聚类系数 [ 17 - 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 - 26 ] ${C}_{i} = \frac{2{e}_{i}}{{k}_{i}\left( {{k}_{i} - 1}\right) }$ 11 出行成功率 [ 26 ] ${f}_{r}\left( v\right) = \frac{1}{Q}\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i = 1}}^{Q}{a}_{i}$
6 网络效率 [ 17 - 21 , 24 , 27 ] $E\left( G\right) = \frac{1}{N\left( {N - 1}\right) }\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i \neq j}}\frac{1}{{d}_{ij}}$ 12 绕行系数 [ 26 - 27 ] $\theta = \frac{\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i, j \in V, i \neq j}}{d}_{ij}^{\prime }}{\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i, j \in V, i \neq j}}{d}_{ij}}$
), ArticleFig(id=1154050832531185704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149729534871782021, language=CN, label=表5, caption=网络性能评价指标统计信息, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号 指标 表达式 序号 指标 表达式
1 平均度 [ 17 - 18 , 20 , 21 , 23 , 25 ] $\bar{k} = \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i = 1}}^{N}\frac{{k}_{i}}{N}$ 7 最大连通子图相对 大小[17-18, 20-21, 24-27] $S = \frac{{N}^{\prime }}{N}$
2 介数[18, 20, 23, 25] $B = \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{1 \leq j \leq l \leq N}}\frac{{n}_{jl}\left( i\right) }{{n}_{jl}}$ 8 权重分布差异性 [ 21 ] ${Y}_{i} = \frac{1}{N}\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i = 1}}^{N}\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{j \in {N}_{i}}}{\left( \frac{{w}_{ij}}{{S}_{i}}\right) }^{2}\;{S}_{i} = \mathop{\sum }\limits_{{j \in {N}_{i}}}{w}_{ij}$
3 平均路径 长度[17-21, 23-25] $L = \frac{2}{N\left( {N - 1}\right) }\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i \geq j}}{d}_{ij}$ 9 鲁棒性 [ 21 ] $r = \frac{1}{N}\ln \left( {M - N - 2}\right)$
4 网络直径 [ 17 - 18 , 20 , 23 - 25 ] $D = \max \left\{ {d}_{ij}\right\}$ 10 平均节点紧密度 [ 23 ] ${F}_{i} = \frac{n - 1}{\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{j \neq i}}{d}_{ij}}$
5 聚类系数 [ 17 - 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 - 26 ] ${C}_{i} = \frac{2{e}_{i}}{{k}_{i}\left( {{k}_{i} - 1}\right) }$ 11 出行成功率 [ 26 ] ${f}_{r}\left( v\right) = \frac{1}{Q}\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i = 1}}^{Q}{a}_{i}$
6 网络效率 [ 17 - 21 , 24 , 27 ] $E\left( G\right) = \frac{1}{N\left( {N - 1}\right) }\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i \neq j}}\frac{1}{{d}_{ij}}$ 12 绕行系数 [ 26 - 27 ] $\theta = \frac{\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i, j \in V, i \neq j}}{d}_{ij}^{\prime }}{\mathop{\sum }\limits_{{i, j \in V, i \neq j}}{d}_{ij}}$
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城市轨道交通网络性能评价国内研究综述
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赵家旭 1, 2 , 侯本伟 1, 2 , 缪惠全 1, 2 , 江志伟 3, 4
都市快轨交通 | 快轨论坛 2025,38(3): 1-10
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都市快轨交通 | 快轨论坛 2025, 38(3): 1-10
城市轨道交通网络性能评价国内研究综述
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赵家旭1, 2 , 侯本伟1, 2, 缪惠全1, 2 , 江志伟3, 4
作者信息
  • 1 北京工业大学 城市和工程安全减灾教育部重点实验室 北京 100124
  • 2 北京工业大学 建筑工程学院 北京 100124
  • 3 城市轨道交通绿色与安全建造技术国家工程研究中心 北京 100037
  • 4 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 北京 100037
  • 赵家旭,女,硕士研究生,主要从事城市轨道交通网络性能评估方面的研究,

通讯作者:

缪惠全,男,博士,副研究员,主要从事生命线工程与韧性城市方面的研究,
A Review of Domestic Research on Performance Evaluation of Urban Rail Transit Networks
Jiaxu ZHAO1, 2 , Benwei HOU1, 2, Huiquan MIAO1, 2 , Zhiwei JIANG3, 4
Affiliations
  • 1 Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering, Ministry of Education Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124
  • 2 College of Architecture and Civil Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124
  • 3 National Engineering Research Center of Green & Safe Construction Technology in Urban Rail Transit Beijing 100037
  • 4 Beijing Urban Construction Design and Development Group Co., Ltd. Beijing 100037
出版时间: 2025-06-01 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.03.001
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为分析城市轨道交通网络性能评价领域的发展历程和研究现状,基于 CiteSpace 软件对中国知网数据库中的文献进行计量分析。从城市轨道交通、城市轨道交通网络以及城市轨道交通网络性能评价3个层次的研究逐步聚焦,并对发文量、发文作者、文献来源和关键词等信息进行分析。通过追踪重要文献,归纳轨道交通网络性能评价的主要指标,并评述了不同评价方法的优缺点。研究表明,城市轨道交通网络性能评价研究正在经历几个重要的转变:首先,分析模型从无权网络向加权网络模型发展,更加注重车站和区间的差异性;其次,研究对象从轨道交通网络分析扩展到对轨道道路、轨道公交等耦合交通网络的综合评价;最后,网络性能研究焦点也由灾害或外部冲击时的抵抗能力,逐步转向包含灾后恢复能力的韧性评价。

城市轨道交通网络  /  性能评价  /  CiteSpace  /  文献计量  /  综述

In order to analyze the development and current research status of urban rail transit network performance evaluation, in urban rail transit networks this paper conducts a quantitative analysis of the literature from the CNKI database based on CiteSpace software. This paper gradually focuses on three levels of research: urban rail transit, urban rail transit network, and urban rail transit network performance evaluation, and analyzes the information such as the number of publications, authors, literature sources and keywords. By tracing the important literature, the main indicators of rail transit network performance evaluation are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of different evaluation methods are commented. The results show that the research on performance evaluation of urban rail transit networks is undergoing several important transformations. Firstly, the analytical model is developed from unweighted network to weighted network model, which pays more attention to the differences between stations and intervals. Secondly, the research object was extended from the analysis of rail transit network to the comprehensive evaluation of coupled transportation networks such as railroad and railbus. Finally, the research focus of network performance has gradually shifted from the resistance ability under disasters or external shocks to the resilience evaluation including the postdisaster recovery ability.

urban rail transit network  /  performance evaluation  /  CiteSpace  /  literature metrology  /  review
赵家旭, 侯本伟, 缪惠全, 江志伟. 城市轨道交通网络性能评价国内研究综述. 都市快轨交通, 2025 , 38 (3) : 1 -10 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.03.001
Jiaxu ZHAO, Benwei HOU, Huiquan MIAO, Zhiwei JIANG. A Review of Domestic Research on Performance Evaluation of Urban Rail Transit Networks[J]. Urban Rapid Rail Transit, 2025 , 38 (3) : 1 -10 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.03.001
城市轨道交通作为现代城市不可或缺的交通基础设施, 承担着大量的乘客运输任务, 为城市居民日常生活出行提供了便利。城市轨道交通是指在城市内建设的轨道交通系统, 通常包括地铁、轻轨、有轨电车等。截至 2023 年 12 月, 我国已有 55 座城市开通了城市轨道交通运营线路,总里程达 ${10165.7}\mathrm{\;{km}}$ ,全年完成客运量 294.4 亿人次,较 2022 年客运量增长 51.7% [1] 。 随着城市规模不断扩大和交通需求增加, 城市轨道交通也逐渐向着网络复杂化方向发展, 逐渐成为一个开放而复杂的基础设施网络。但是, 网络运行过程中会受到自然灾害(地震、暴雨和台风等)、人因扰动(恐怖袭击、人为破坏、纵火等)、运行故障(信号、设备和车组故障等)等冲击和影响,导致网络运行中断、列车晚点、站点封闭等,引发一系列级联失效现象。城市轨道交通研究领域涵盖了地铁设施结构分析、施工安全与运维风险评估、轨道交通网络分析等多个方面。目前, 关于地铁设施结构与施工的研究较为丰富, 而针对城市轨道交通网络性能分析研究则相对较少。城市轨道交通网络由多个线路通过换乘和连接等方式组成, 其研究的重点包括线路协调性、网络连通性和流动性等。在这一复杂的网络中, 对城市轨道交通网络性能进行定量评价, 是提升运输能力、运行效率和可靠性的核心问题, 为优化决策提供科学依据。
为明晰国内城市轨道交通网络性能评价的研究现状, 本文基于 CiteSpace 软件按照 “城市轨道交通(第一层) $\rightarrow$ 城市轨道交通网络(第二层) $\rightarrow$ 城市轨道交通网络性能评价(第三层)” 的顺序, 对 3 个层次的文献展开量化分析, 明确了城市轨道交通网络性能评价领域的发展脉络。通过分析文献发文量、作者合作关系、 关键词共现频次以及对重要文献进行追踪来探明研究现状和发展趋势, 旨在为深入推进城市轨道交通网络性能评价研究提供借鉴和参考。
本文使用的软件为知识图谱分析软件 CiteSpace (Version 6.2.R6), 数据库为中国知网, 文献发表年份为 1994 年至 2023 年,检索时间为 2024 年 3 月 28 日, 具体检索方式和检索结果如表1所示。
该领域年度发文量和城市轨道交通运营里程如图1所示, 可以发现, 年度发文量趋势与城市轨道交通的规模增长呈现一定的相关性。2003 年之前, 该领域的年度发文量均为个位数, 且运营里程增长较慢, 表明此时城市轨道交通尚处于缓慢发展期;2003 年至 2017 年,年度发文量和运营里程均大幅度增加,其中 2015 年发文增长率高达 40.19%,这一时期为城市轨道交通高速发展期;2017 年至今,年度发文量和运营里程的增速均有所减缓,且 2017 年的年度发文量出现降低现象,城市轨道交通开始进入优化发展期。
发文量和运营里程的变化趋势可能与国家发布的相关政策密切相关。分析可以发现, 2003 年国务院 [2] , 2015 年国家发展改革委发布的相关支持文件 [3-4] 在一定程度上促进了轨道交通规模的扩大和相关学术研究的发展; 由于城市轨道交通建设与城市运营客流发展不平衡问题, 2017 年部分城市轨道交通建设规划审批出现暂停现象, 2018 年国务院大幅提高了轨道交通建设项目申报条件 [5] ,同时该领域的发展规模和学术研究也受到了相应影响。
该领域检索结果中发文数量前 5 名的期刊如表2所示, 包含 2 本综合性的期刊, 以及施工、运维、防灾方面期刊各 1 本, 共收录文献 2014 篇, 占所检索有效文献数量的 21.46%。《城市轨道交通研究》和《都市快轨交通》期刊检索到的文献数量为 1721,在 2014 篇文献中占比为 85.45%,是国内城市轨道交通领域的主要发文刊物。
将 2000 篇文章导入 CiteSpace 软件进行作者分析, 得到了该领域作者合作网络, 如图2所示。将其划分为 5 个组,分别是以杜修力、陈国兴等为代表的 $\mathrm{A}$ 组; 以刘维宁等为代表的 B 组; 以唐益群等为代表的 C 组; 以毛保华等为代表的 D 组; 以韩宝明等为代表的 $\mathrm{E}$ 组。其中, $\mathrm{A}\text{、}\mathrm{\;B}$ 组的研究偏向地铁结构分析; $\mathrm{C}$ 组偏向地铁施工与风险分析; 而 D、E 组偏向轨道交通系统的性能分析和优化。随着轨道交通系统规模的不断扩大, 轨道交通网络性能评价方面的研究逐渐成为学术界关注的重点。与地铁设施结构分析、施工安全和运维风险评估相比,轨道交通网络性能研究仍处于发展阶段。相关研究可为轨道交通网络的规划设计及运行调度优化提供支撑。
城市轨道交通网络是由若干条轨道线路及其换乘站点构成的综合系统。网络中某个站点或区段遭遇破坏就有可能导致整条线路停运, 甚至影响整个网络运行。因此, 对城市轨道交通网络进行研究至关重要。
图3为该领域关键词共现网络图谱, 字体的大小代表关键词共现频次的多少, 连线的粗细代表两个关键词之间的关联强度, 可以发现该领域的研究内容主要分为以下两个方面:一是城市轨道交通网络客流方面,主要包括客流分配 [6] 与客流预测 [7] 。客流分配模型根据客流分配理论和原则可以分为随机概率分配模型和用户均衡分配模型 [8] 。客流预测模型主要分为参数模型和非参数模型两大类, 参数模型是一种基于特定参数的数学模型, 具有较好的解释性和可解释性, 但无法处理复杂的非线性关系, 如线性回归模型、逻辑回归模型等; 而非参数模型是一种不依赖于特定参数的数学模型, 通常更加灵活, 能够更好地适应数据的复杂结构, 如贝叶斯网络模型、神经网络模型等 [9] 。 二是城市轨道交通网络的性能评价方面, 主要针对建设和运营阶段, 关注其脆弱性、鲁棒性、可靠性、安全风险等,详细内容将在第四章介绍。
该领域排名前 20 的关键词共现频次统计结果见表3, 其中 “共现频次” 为关键词被检索到的总次数, 侧面体现了关键词所受的重视度, “年份” 为关键词首次出现的时间, 可以发现在检索文献中, 关键词 “可靠性”和 “安全风险” 最早出现在 2010 年, “脆弱性” 和 “鲁棒性” 在 2013 年出现, 而 “韧性” 在 2023 年才出现, 侧面反映了研究者对城市轨道交通网络研究内容的变化。
根据研究对象关注的时间阶段差异, 将城市轨道交通网络的性能评价研究划分为 3 个阶段, 一是正常运营阶段, 二是受扰动阶段, 三是扰动后恢复阶段。 对于前两个阶段的网络性能评价, 通常对网络制定不同的扰动破坏情景以模拟事故或灾害情景, 通过对比网络在正常运营与受扰动时的性能变化得到规律性的认识。蔡鉴明等 [10] 通过定量分析长沙地铁网络在级联失效情况下的鲁棒性, 得到了随机攻击情景下的长沙地铁网络具有较强的鲁棒性, 而面对蓄意攻击时体现出脆弱性的结论。刘福华等四提出一种综合考虑网络拓扑特性和乘客出行的网络性能指标, 分析成都地铁网络在正常运营和受扰动的网络性能变化, 结果显示,换乘站失效比非换乘站失效对网络性能的影响更大。
相比于前两个阶段, 第三阶段(扰动后恢复)的研究成果相对较少。该阶段主要针对网络遭受扰动后, 在恢复过程中的模拟和网络性能评估, 进而评价网络韧性,如: 侯本伟等 [12] 通过主体结构的地震易损性模型计算破坏概率, 采用蒙特卡洛方法模拟震后状态, 并通过考虑破坏单元修复时间的不确定性模拟震后修复过程, 对城市轨道交通网络的抗震韧性进行研究; 程静等 [13] 在考虑受扰动节点会被较快修复这一实际运营情况的基础上, 建立网络级联失效模型, 并构建网络效率韧性指标和网络连通韧性指标, 比较不同恢复策略下的网络性能恢复效果。
网络性能评价领域常用的方法和模型包括复杂网络法、综合评价法、概率图方法和优化决策模型等, 各个方法模型解决的问题和作用如表4所示。复杂网络法侧重于从网络结构层面研究网络的拓扑特性(如小世界特性、无标度特性)和功能特性(如鲁棒性、脆弱性、可靠性等),并分析网络在遭遇外部干扰前后的功能变化, 识别关键站点, 是基于网络特征的客观定量评价方法。综合评价法则从多维度 (如人员、设备、 环境、管理、结构等因素)指标评估网络性能, 并划分网络的性能等级, 其中针对评价指标的赋权和分级是定性定量相结合的方法。概率图方法通过分析地铁系统面临外部干扰的致因过程, 推理各风险因子的发生概率, 从而进行系统的不确定性评价, 为系统在干扰下的风险管理和评估提供理论依据。优化决策模型旨在确定网络破坏单元的最优恢复方案, 并优化列车调度问题, 以期提升网络运行效率。
复杂网络以图论为基础, 由多个节点和节点之间的边构成, 被用来描述具有复杂关系的系统, 具有小世界特性、无标度性等特殊性质 [14] 。小世界特性表现在网络中节点之间存在较短的路径长度和较高的聚类程度(平均路径距离小于 10 且聚类系数大于 0.1); 无标度特性即节点度数分布呈现幂律分布的特征, 即存在少数重要的节点, 它们具有较高的度数, 而绝大多数节点的度数较低 [15 - 16]
常用的轨道交通网络模型的构建方法包括 Space L、 Space B、Space P、Space C 四种 [17] 。其中, Space L 拓扑图是基于邻接矩阵建立, 可真实反映乘客出行路径长度,因此大部分研究采取 Space L 法构建城市轨道交通网络模型。复杂网络方法的运用主要集中在网络性能评价的前两个阶段(正常运营和受扰动阶段)。 从时间上看,基于该方法对网络性能研究可概括为 4 个类别:未加权单一网络、加权单一网络、未加权耦合网络和加权耦合网络。
未加权单一网络方法是指采用通用的复杂网络指标对网络性能开展性能评价, 其假设网络中各个节点、 边具有同等重要的地位。刘志谦等 [18] 以广州市轨道交通网络为例, 选取节点度、聚类系数、平均路径长度为拓扑指标分析网络复杂特性, 选取网络效率、 最大连通子图为功能指标分析网络可靠性。韩纪彬等 [19] 同样选取上述拓扑指标和功能指标对网络性能进行量化分析, 得到上海市轨道交通网络为无标度网络, 并把世纪大道、宜山路和上海火车站识别为关键站点。该类方法原理明确, 计算简便, 但未能考虑节点与节点之间实际距离的影响, 因此, 无法体现实际城市轨道交通网络中不同节点负担的交通流负荷差异, 并且只考虑轨道交通网络, 而不考虑其他交通网络。
加权单一网络方法同样只考虑轨道交通网络, 但采用的网络分析模型不再局限于简单的拓扑网络范畴, 而是通过考虑地理位置、实际距离、客流量、站点重要性等因素对网络站点或边进行加权, 建立更符合实际的网络分析模型。高鹏等 [20] 根据不同地理位置的人口密度、相邻站点之间的实际距离分别对站点和边进行加权, 采用聚类系数和平均路径长度为拓扑指标, 网络效率为功能指标, 分析城市轨道交通网络的鲁棒性。陈峰等 [21] 根据区间段上的断面客流量对边进行加权, 通过比较轨道交通加权网络与未加权网络在不同攻击情景下拓扑指标和功能指标的变化, 得出了加权网络更适合于评价实际运营状态的结论。不同于上述学者的建模方式, 冯春等 [22] 不再将所有站点视为网络节点, 而只将换乘站点和终端站点等重要节点视为网络节点, 将节点之间的连通关系视为网络的边, 根据不同换乘站点之间的普通站点的个数对边进行加权,并引入 “权重分布差异性” 和 “鲁棒性” 新指标评价网络的鲁棒性。
未加权耦合网络方法进一步发展, 将城市轨道交通网络和其他交通网络进行耦合, 分析城市整体交通的运行能力,这也是耦合网络研究的难点之一 [23] 。但为了简化模型、提高计算效率, 该方法并未考虑权重问题。卫振林等 [24] 把轨道交通站点和道路交通的交叉口视为节点, 把连接各站点的轨道和道路视为边, 构建了城市轨道-道路交通耦合网络模型, 采用包含节点紧密度在内的拓扑指标, 研究城市耦合交通网络的可达性。鲍登等 [25] 在原有轨道交通网络和公交网络的基础上, 将有对应关系的轨道交通站点和公交站点划为耦合节点, 分别建立两个网络之间的耦合边, 进而构建西部某市的轨道交通-公交耦合网络模型, 并采用功能指标分析网络鲁棒性。孙军艳等 [26] 采用类似的建模方式, 以西安市公共交通为例, 对比评价轨道交通网络、公交网络及两者耦合网络的鲁棒性, 发现耦合网络的鲁棒性介于两者之间。显然, 该方法可更加全面地考察城市交通网络的性能, 但忽视节点、边的重要性差异仍对计算结果造成了一定影响。
加权耦合网络方法是在研究耦合网络基础上, 通过考虑轨道交通和其他交通运营的差异性, 通过对不同因素确定权重, 分析耦合网络的性能差异。潘恒彦等 [27] 根据车辆发车间隔、单车载客能力和运行速度等因素确定权重, 构建哈尔滨市轨道交通-公交加权耦合网络模型, 并引入出行成功率与绕行系数两个新指标分析加权耦合网络鲁棒性。郑乐等 [28] 考虑车辆发车间隔、运行速度和步行距离等因素, 构建以出行时间作为边权的南京市轨道交通-公交加权耦合网络模型, 对网络进行鲁棒性分析, 结果表明, 轨道交通站点对耦合网络鲁棒性的影响要远高于公交站点。显然, 这一方法对城市耦合交通系统考虑得更加全面, 但是不同因素权重的合理确定是其中的难点。
本研究统计了常见的网络性能评价指标, 结果见表5。研究发现, 实践中一般先借助平均度、介数、平均路径长度等拓扑指标分析网络的拓扑特性, 再选取网络效率和最大连通子图等指标进一步分析网络可靠性、鲁棒性和脆弱性等功能特性, 以综合评价耦合拓扑结构和功能特征的城市轨道交通网络性能。
除复杂网络方法, 研究者们还通过典型事故案例、 文献研究、专家访谈等提取影响因素, 并与层次分析法、数据包络分析法或熵权法等相结合构建城市轨道交通网络评价模型,称为综合评价法。
层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process, AHP)通过将复杂的决策问题分解成层次结构, 对每个指标进行两两比较, 以确定它们对目标的相对重要性, 形成判断矩阵, 计算判断矩阵最大特征值和相应的特征向量, 得到每个准则相对于目标的权重, 从而确定最佳决策方案 [29] 。杜修力等 [30] 从 “人-机-环-管-结构” 5 个维度、 “预备性、鲁棒性、恢复性、适应性” 4 个韧性特征出发, 建立地铁系统安全运营指标体系, 运用层次分析法确定各级指标的权重, 以分析地铁系统安全运营风险。
然而, 层次分析法中假设各个因素之间是单向依赖或者是层级关系, 有一定局限性。网络层次分析法在层次分析法基础上, 考虑了因素之间的相互依赖和复杂关系, 包括控制层和网络层。控制层通常由决策目标构成,网络层由各指标及其相互关系构成 [31] 。许葭等 [32] 以地铁站点网络脆弱性评价为决策目标,将内部因素、外部因素、通道因素 3 个方面作为控制层, 以指标之间的依存和反馈关系为网络层, 创建了基于网络层次分析法的站点网络脆弱性评价模型。郝倩雯等 [33] 将地铁系统脆弱性影响因素分为 “人-机-环-管” 4 方面, 并划一级指标作为控制层, 将一级指标下面相互关联的二级指标作为网络层, 研究结果表明, 运营环境、人员安全意识和设施设备状态是影响系统脆弱性的关键因素。
当层次分析法或网络层次分析法难以构造判断矩阵时可与其他方法相结合, 改进判断标度来构造质量较好的判断矩阵。如:陈伟珂等 [34] 从 “人-机-环-管” 4 个层面建立地铁施工灾害预警指标体系, 运用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法综合判断各种指标, 以得出确定性评价结果; 王晓睿等 [31] 在风险辨识基础上结合网络层次分析法与灰色模糊综合评价法, 构建在已有信息不充分情况下的地铁车站渗漏水风险评估模型。
此外, 利用数据包络分析法和熵权法确定指标权重,基于可拓学确定风险等级也是常结合的方法。朱月月等 [35] 采用基于线性规划的数据包络分析法确定风险因素影响权重,对地铁网络脆弱性风险进行分析, 降低了主观因素影响。张静萱等 [36] 从列车运行、周围环境和基础设施 3 种状态构建网络运营安全评价体系基于熵权确定权重, 度量评价过程中的不确定性程度, 基于可拓物元确定了运营风险等级。霍小森等 [37] 从成急处理能力、乘客管理能力和公共管理能力 3 个方面构建系统适灾韧性评价体系, 基于层次分析法和熵权法分别确定指标主客观权重, 结合可拓云模型确定系统适灾韧性水平等级。
概率图方法主要包括故障树分析法和贝叶斯网络法。故障树分析法是一种通过将系统故障的因果关系以树状结构表示, 从而清晰定位系统故障原因, 评估系统可靠性的方法。谭坤等 [38] 用故障树分析法探究人为因素在地铁恐怖袭击中的致因关系, 为确保系统安全提供了应对措施。但是应该注意, 故障树模型对表示紧急事件发展变化过程存在一定局限性, 主要用于静态系统定性分析, 对于动态的、涉及复杂逻辑关系的应急处置过程难以直接建模。
贝叶斯网络基于贝叶斯条件概率公式描述节点之间的条件概率分布, 从而可以通过观察部分变量取值来推断其他变量的概率分布, 是处理不确定性推理、 风险分析的有效工具。张超等 [39] 将各风险因素视为节点, 根据 DS 证据法(dempster-shafer envidence theory) 和专家意见得到了父节点出现概率及节点间条件概率, 基于贝叶斯网络得到各节点不同状态概率, 建立地铁暴雨内涝风险预警模型。刘懿文等 [40] 通过提取风险因素进行致因分析, 确定风险节点的 “父子” 关系, 构建贝叶斯风险互动网络, 为系统运营安全风险提供了防控策略。
此外, 还有学者运用故障树分析与贝叶斯网络相结合的方法。张姣 [41] 基于故障树,以地铁盾构隧道工程的风险为例构建贝叶斯网络模型, 通过推理风险因素的发生概率进行风险评估。王康等 [42] 建立地铁火灾风险事件因果关系故障树模型, 并将其映射为贝叶斯网络模型, 通过敏感性分析评估地铁面临火灾事件的风险。这种方法既避免了采用故障树分析法解决复杂问题面临的大量计算, 又避免了直接构建贝叶斯网络的难题。
该模型主要用于研究恢复次序的优化问题。学者们多以网络性能最大、恢复时间最短为目标, 以恢复资源为约束,构建网络模型并求得最优解。吕彪等 [43] 以地铁网络服务韧性最大为优化目标, 以恢复次序方案和资源数量为约束条件, 构建网络韧性评估模型, 由于考虑了网络服务效率,更符合地铁实际运营特点。 马敏等 [44] 提出一种带权重的网络性能函数,以网络韧性指标最大为优化目标, 以修复完成时刻为约束条件构建恢复优化模型, 其优点在于同时考虑了网络拓扑结构和服务质量,适用性较强。崔欣等 [45] 提出一种考虑公交接驳的网络性能指标, 构建以网络韧性最大为优化目标的恢复模型, 该模型由于考虑了车站受扰动后公交接驳对乘客紧急疏散的影响, 得到的最优恢复策略更加符合实际情况。
此外, 该模型也常应用于列车调度优化问题。相关研究通常综合考虑乘客和运营企业两方面的成本, 以最小化整体成本为优化目标, 并基于列车与站台容量 [46] 、列车发车间隔 [47] 、线路通行能力 [48] 等因素设定约束条件,构建优化模型,通过优化列车调度方案,从而提升轨道交通网络的整体服务水平和运行效率。
本文基于 CiteSpace 软件对中国知网中城市轨道交通、城市轨道交通网络、城市轨道交通网络性能评价共 3 个递进层次领域的文献进行量化分析, 重点评述了城市轨道交通网络性能评价层次的研究内容和研究方法, 得到以下主要结论。
1)我国城市轨道交通领域的文献数量发展趋势呈现前期较慢、中期较快、后期减缓的特征, 这与国家层面的政策支持有很强的相关性。该领域核心团队的主要研究内容包括: 地铁结构分析、地铁施工与风险分析、轨道交通系统的性能分析和优化。
2)城市轨道交通网络领域的发文量在城市轨道交通领域中占比为 9.68%,整体发文量呈现波动增长趋势, 研究内容主要包括城市轨道交通网络客流研究和性能评价两个方面。
3)城市轨道交通网络的性能评价可以划分为正常运营、扰动受损和扰动后恢复 3 个阶段,主要关注点包括可靠性、脆弱性、鲁棒性、韧性和安全风险评价等, 采用的评价模型和方法包括复杂网络法、综合评价法、概率图法和优化决策模型等。
4)从城市轨道交通网络性能评价的发展脉络来看, 研究对象和问题逐渐从车站、轨道等单体设施结构的力学响应分析, 过渡到轨道交通网络的运维与管控; 研究模型经历了从普通网络向加权网络的转变, 从单一轨道交通网络向轨道-道路网络、轨道-公交网络等地上地下耦合交通网络的转变。这些研究对象和模型为科学合理地进行资源配置、风险管理和应急响应提供了支撑。
随着我国城市化进程的推进, 城市更新和韧性城市建设成为保障城市和社会高质量发展的重要战略方向。与此相关, 城市轨道交通基础设施的研究和实践重点, 已从线网规划建设、单体结构响应分析和设计方法逐渐转向服役线网的评估与改造、韧性评估与提升等方面。未来一段时间内, 我国城市轨道交通网络的研究将着重关注以下方面。
1)从城市更新的视角出发, 进行城市轨道交通线网和站点的评估、扩容或更新改造, 需基于整个城市交通系统的服务能力评估, 不仅研究城市轨道交通网络服务能力评估模型,仍需在城市道路系统和轨道交通协同工作方面深入开展研究, 统筹考虑地上与地下交通构成的城市耦合交通网络服务能力评估方法和模型。
2)从韧性城市建设的视角出发,面对灾害事件或外部冲击时, 使城市轨道交通系统具备及时感知、快速应对、迅速恢复能力, 进而保障城市基本运行功能和灾后恢复, 不仅关注城市轨道交通系统抵抗外部冲击的能力,还应关注其灾后快速恢复的能力,从灾前冗余储备、灾中抵抗、灾后恢复全过程提升城市轨道交通系统的韧性。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52220105011)
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2025年第38卷第3期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.03.001
  • 接收时间:2024-10-08
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2025-06-01
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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-08
  • 修回日期:2024-11-28
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国家自然科学基金项目(52220105011)
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    1 北京工业大学 城市和工程安全减灾教育部重点实验室 北京 100124
    2 北京工业大学 建筑工程学院 北京 100124
    3 城市轨道交通绿色与安全建造技术国家工程研究中心 北京 100037
    4 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 北京 100037

通讯作者:

缪惠全,男,博士,副研究员,主要从事生命线工程与韧性城市方面的研究,
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dskgjt/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2025.03.001
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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