Article(id=1149742007918179149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149741999626043609, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.06.008, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1710691200000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-18, revisedDate=1718553600000, revisedDateStr=2024-06-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752049455860, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752049455860, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752049455860, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752049455860, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149741999626043609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, year='2024', volume='37', issue='6', pageStart='1', pageEnd='148', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1752049453884, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753780113622, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1157000912746139776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149741999626043609, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1157000912746139777, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149741999626043609, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=57, endPage=63, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149742008199197530, articleId=1149742007918179149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=EN, title=Train-induced Structural Vibration Response Model Based on Mobility Theory, columnId=1152669335454658940, journalTitle=Urban Rapid Rail Transit, columnName=Academic Discussion, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To predict the vibration response of buildings along subway lines quickly and reasonably, a building structural system is decomposed into two parts, namely, a propagation structure and a response structure, based on the theory of mechanical mobility. The bearing structure is assumed to be a beam element model, and the slab structure is considered a plate element model. The mobility formula and the corresponding matrix expressions for each unit system are derived, and a traininduced structural vibration response model is constructed. The reliability and accuracy of the model are validated through onsite testing, showing that the predicted structural responses align well with measured vibrations in both time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, the maximum error of the center frequencies of each 1/3 octave band does not exceed 5 dB, indicating that the proposed traininduced structural vibration response model can quickly and effectively predict the structural vibration response and that the outcomes can provide theoretical support for vibration prediction along subway lines.

, correspAuthors=Qingquan LU, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Qingquan LU, Jialiang CHEN, Chao ZOU, Xuming LI, Liqiu MA, Zhe WANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149742016638136492, articleId=1149742007918179149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=CN, title=基于导纳理论的车致结构振动响应模型, columnId=1152669335668568445, journalTitle=都市快轨交通, columnName=学术探讨, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了快速、合理地预测地铁沿线建筑振动响应,基于机械导纳理论,将建筑结构系统分解为传播结构和响应结构两部分。承重结构假定为杆单元模型,楼板结构考虑为板单元模型,推导各单元模型的导纳公式及其相应的矩阵表达式,进而构建车致结构振动响应模型,并结合现场测试验证模型的正确性。研究表明:基于导纳理论预测的结构响应与现场实测振动在时域及频域上均具有较高的吻合度;在时域上,模型计算的振动幅值和实测幅值趋于一致;在频域上,各1/3倍频程中心频率的最大误差不超过5dB,表明所提出的车致结构振动响应模型可快速有效地预测结构振动响应,成果可为地铁沿线车致结构振动预测提供理论依据。

, correspAuthors=路清泉, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=UhEE3KmM1DUV/X5BsYzM5g==, magXml=lk/egBcLaftatbd0b8n1NQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=+DCSqti98VB//l+IgjMj4w==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=lznN2zi9D2EB5HPzDPpgAg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

路清泉,男,硕士,正高级工程师,主要研究方向为城市轨道交通建设管理,

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结构 h/m t/m l/m w/m E/GPa ρ/(kg/m3)
框架柱 4 0.4 - 0.4 32.5 2500
楼板 - 0.1 5 5 30.0 2500
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结构 h/m t/m l/m w/m E/GPa ρ/(kg/m3)
框架柱 4 0.4 - 0.4 32.5 2500
楼板 - 0.1 5 5 30.0 2500
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区域 测点位置 车次/列
首层 结构柱旁 ${Z1}$ 20
2 层 结构柱旁 $\mathrm{Z}2$ 20
3 层 结构柱旁 $\mathrm{Z}3$ 20
4 层 结构柱旁 ${Z4}$ 20
6 层 结构柱旁 Z5 20
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区域 测点位置 车次/列
首层 结构柱旁 ${Z1}$ 20
2 层 结构柱旁 $\mathrm{Z}2$ 20
3 层 结构柱旁 $\mathrm{Z}3$ 20
4 层 结构柱旁 ${Z4}$ 20
6 层 结构柱旁 Z5 20
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基于导纳理论的车致结构振动响应模型
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路清泉 1 , 陈嘉梁 2, 3 , 邹超 4 , 李栩铭 4 , 马立秋 1 , 王哲 1
都市快轨交通 | 学术探讨 2024,37(6): 57-63
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都市快轨交通 | 学术探讨 2024, 37(6): 57-63
基于导纳理论的车致结构振动响应模型
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路清泉1 , 陈嘉梁2, 3, 邹超4, 李栩铭4, 马立秋1, 王哲1
作者信息
  • 1 北京市轨道交通建设管理有限公司 北京 100037
  • 2 北交振安轨道科技(北京)有限公司 北京 100176
  • 3 北京东方雨虹防水技术股份有限公司 北京 100176
  • 4 广东工业大学 土木与交通工程学院 广州 510006
  • 路清泉,男,硕士,正高级工程师,主要研究方向为城市轨道交通建设管理,

Train-induced Structural Vibration Response Model Based on Mobility Theory
Qingquan LU1 , Jialiang CHEN2, 3, Chao ZOU4, Xuming LI4, Liqiu MA1, Zhe WANG1
Affiliations
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  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.06.008
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为了快速、合理地预测地铁沿线建筑振动响应,基于机械导纳理论,将建筑结构系统分解为传播结构和响应结构两部分。承重结构假定为杆单元模型,楼板结构考虑为板单元模型,推导各单元模型的导纳公式及其相应的矩阵表达式,进而构建车致结构振动响应模型,并结合现场测试验证模型的正确性。研究表明:基于导纳理论预测的结构响应与现场实测振动在时域及频域上均具有较高的吻合度;在时域上,模型计算的振动幅值和实测幅值趋于一致;在频域上,各1/3倍频程中心频率的最大误差不超过5dB,表明所提出的车致结构振动响应模型可快速有效地预测结构振动响应,成果可为地铁沿线车致结构振动预测提供理论依据。

地铁  /  振动预测  /  导纳理论  /  建筑结构  /  结构动力学  /  现场实测

To predict the vibration response of buildings along subway lines quickly and reasonably, a building structural system is decomposed into two parts, namely, a propagation structure and a response structure, based on the theory of mechanical mobility. The bearing structure is assumed to be a beam element model, and the slab structure is considered a plate element model. The mobility formula and the corresponding matrix expressions for each unit system are derived, and a traininduced structural vibration response model is constructed. The reliability and accuracy of the model are validated through onsite testing, showing that the predicted structural responses align well with measured vibrations in both time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, the maximum error of the center frequencies of each 1/3 octave band does not exceed 5 dB, indicating that the proposed traininduced structural vibration response model can quickly and effectively predict the structural vibration response and that the outcomes can provide theoretical support for vibration prediction along subway lines.

metro  /  vibration prediction  /  mobility theory  /  building structure  /  structural dynamics  /  on-site measurements
路清泉, 陈嘉梁, 邹超, 李栩铭, 马立秋, 王哲. 基于导纳理论的车致结构振动响应模型. 都市快轨交通, 2024 , 37 (6) : 57 -63 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.06.008
Qingquan LU, Jialiang CHEN, Chao ZOU, Xuming LI, Liqiu MA, Zhe WANG. Train-induced Structural Vibration Response Model Based on Mobility Theory[J]. Urban Rapid Rail Transit, 2024 , 37 (6) : 57 -63 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.06.008
近年来, 城市轨道交通的迅猛发展极大地提升了人们的出行便利。然而, 由于建筑物与城市轨道交通之间距离较近, 运营产生的环境噪声和振动越来越受到关注。因此, 对城市轨道交通邻近建筑进行振动响应预测十分重要 [ 1 ]
常用的振动预测方法有经验法、数值法和解析法。 环评预测主要采用经验法或半经验法 [ 2 ] ,将建筑振动沿传播路径进行多因素修正, 能够快速且低成本地预测建筑结构振动,但精度有限 [ 3 ] 。相对于地铁振动引起的建筑环境振动问题类型的多样性, 传统的经验预测法由于缺少既有线路引起的环境振动大量测试数据,无法将得出的预测结果直接应用于现有项目中 [ 4 ] 。 为解决预测精度低的问题, 邹超[ 5 ]建立了列车-轨道动力学模型和移动荷载-轨道结构-周围土层-上盖建筑有限元模型, 预测了上盖建筑振动加速度值; 余梦雯 [ 6 ] 建立了隧道-场地土有限元模型,研究了建筑结构对场地土振动的影响;周谦等 [ 7 ] 通过建立车辆-轨道-隧道-大地-建筑系统动力学模型, 研究有无基坑支护屏障和采用不同回填材料的隔振屏障对地铁列车引起建筑振动的隔离效果; 程保青等 [ 8 ] 建立轨道-地基土- 上盖建筑有限元模型, 利用已建成上盖平台的某地铁车辆段实测结果, 验证仿真模型的合理性; 郑国琛等 [ 9 ] 建立地铁列车-轨道垂向耦合振动数值模型及隧道- 土体-建筑有限元模型, 对邻近地铁建筑在地铁运行时的振动响应作出理论预测。
尽管有限元分析方法较为精确, 但同时会显著增加计算的时间成本。近年来, 国内外学者开展了涉及地铁运营引起的建筑结构振动预测速度问题研究。叶冬明等 [ 10 ] 通过将实测场地振动进行校正作为荷载输入, 与实测类似建筑振动传递函数相结合, 提出一种适用于地铁上盖建筑振动的预测方法;曹容宁等 [ 11 ] 基于谱单元法提出一种预测框架结构中矩形楼板振动模型。
针对建筑结构振动的预测精度和效率问题, 有必要建立适当的数理模型与方程, 模拟地铁列车运行引发的振动在结构中的传播过程, 实现对地铁沿线建筑结构振动响应的准确预测。基于此, 本文在武汉地铁高架线邻近建筑开展现场实测, 基于机械导纳理论, 构建并验证车致结构竖向振动频域响应模型, 快速地求解地铁列车运营引起的建筑结构振动响应。该模型可进一步应用于轨道交通地下线、地面线及高架线工况, 可为地铁沿线建筑车致振动预测提供理论依据。
选择武汉地铁 1 号线沿线 7 层框架结构建筑作为测试对象,该建筑距地铁线路水平距离约 ${30}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,建筑高度为 ${28}\mathrm{\;m}$ 。武汉地铁 1 号线为高架线,列车为 4 节编组的 B 型车。根据地质勘察报告, 该建筑的表层地基土为人工素填土,层厚为 ${3.2}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,土体密度为 ${1850}\mathrm{\;{kg}}/{\mathrm{m}}^{3}$ ,泊松比为 0.45,动弹性模量为 ${150}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ 。 现场实拍如 图 1 所示, 建筑与高架线的空间关系如 图 2 所示。
建筑结构参数如 表 1 所示。其中, $h\text{、}t\text{、}w\text{、}l\text{、}E$$\rho$ 分别对应结构元件的高度、厚度、宽度、长度、 弹性模量和密度, 钢筋混凝土结构元件的阻尼比和泊松比分别设为 0.02 和 0.20 。
建筑物内共布置 5 个测点, 记录列车通过时段引起的振动。振动传感器采样频率设置为 ${512}\mathrm{\;{Hz}}$ 。测试时间为工作日,人流较小。测试期间天气晴朗,气候影响小。测点位置如 图 2 所示, 测点信息如 表 2 所示。
根据《城市轨道交通引起建筑物振动与二次辐射噪声限值及其测量方法标准》(JGJ/T 170- 2009 ) , 计算得到不同车次的 1/3 倍频程中心频率振动加速度有效值 ,利用式(1)计算获得振动加速度级
${L}_{a}= {20}\lg \left(\frac{{a}_{rms}}{{a}_{0}}\right)$
式中, ${a}_{0}$ 为基准加速度, ${a}_{0}= 1 \times {10}^{-6}\mathrm{\;m}/{\mathrm{s}}^{2}$
对于线性系统(见 图 3 ),在系统两端受到两个力的作用, 并且在两端均有相应的动力响应, 那么该线性系统的平衡方程可按式(2) $\sim$ 式(4)进行定义。
${f}_{1}= -{f}_{2}= k\left({{x}_{1}- {x}_{2}}\right)$
${f}_{1}= -{f}_{2}= c\left({{\dot{x}}_{1}- {\dot{x}}_{2}}\right)$
${f}_{1}+ {f}_{2}= m{\ddot{x}}_{1}$
式中, $k$ 为弹簧刚度; $c$ 为阻尼系数; $m$ 为质量,上标点表示对时间的微分。假设作用力为简谐荷载 $f = F{e}^{i\omega t}$ 时,其位移响应可考虑为简谐响应 $x = X{e}^{i\omega t}$ 。其中, ${f}_{1}$${f}_{2}$${x}_{1}$${x}_{2}$ 分别为力和位移的幅值, $\omega$ 为圆频率, $t$ 为时间, $i$ 为单位虚数且 $i =\sqrt{-1}$ 。为求解上述方程,对 (2)、(3)和(4)式进行傅里叶变换,将时域方程转变为频域方程, 其变换方程为:
$\widehat{f}\left(\omega \right)= {\int }_{-\infty }^{+\infty }f\left( t\right){e}^{i\omega t}\mathrm{\;d}t, f\left( t\right)= \frac{1}{2\pi }{\int }_{-\infty }^{+\infty }\widehat{f}\left(\omega \right){e}^{-{i\omega t}}\mathrm{\;d}\iota $
式中, $\widehat{f}\left(\omega \right)$ 为信号函数的频域形式; $f\left( t\right)$ 为信号函数的时域形式。因此,速度在频域内的表达式为: $V ={i\omega X}$
基于机械导纳的定义,假设 ${f}_{2}= 0$ ,弹簧、阻尼和质量系统的导纳可定义为:
${Y}_{k}= \frac{i\omega }{k},{Y}_{c}= \frac{1}{c},{Y}_{m}= - i\frac{1}{\omega m}$
式中, ${Y}_{k}\text{、}{Y}_{c}$${Y}_{m}$ 分别为弹簧系统、阻尼系统和质量系统的导纳。在线性系统中, 系统两端的作用力和响应是相互影响的, 其控制方程为:
$\left\lbrack \begin{array}{l}{V}_{1}\\{V}_{2}\end{array}\right\rbrack =\left\lbrack \begin{array}{ll}{Y}_{11}& {Y}_{12}\\{Y}_{21}& {Y}_{22}\end{array}\right\rbrack \left\lbrack \begin{array}{l}{F}_{1}\\{F}_{2}\end{array}\right\rbrack $
亦可写为矩阵和向量的表达式:
$\mathbf{V}= \mathbf{{YF}}$
式中, $\mathbf{V}$ 为速度向量; $\mathbf{Y}$ 为导纳矩阵; $\mathbf{F}$ 为力向量。
承重结构模拟为一维杆单元 [ 13 ] ,由轴向力引起的轴向动力响应可由式(9)得出:
${\rho A}\frac{{\partial }^{2}u\left({x, t}\right)}{\partial {t}^{2}}- {EA}\frac{{\partial }^{2}u\left({x, t}\right)}{\partial {x}^{2}}= {f}_{x}\left({x, t}\right)$
式中, $u\text{、}A\text{、}\rho \text{、}E$ 分别为单元的位移、截面面积、密度、弹性模量。当系统运动考虑为简谐运动时,引起的位移可表达为:
$ u\left( x\right)= {S}_{\mathrm{R}}{e}^{-j{k}_{v}x}+ {S}_{\mathrm{L}}{e}^{j{k}_{v}x}$
式中, ${k}_{v}= \omega \sqrt{\frac{\rho }{E}}$ 为轴向波数; ${S}_{\mathrm{R}}$${S}_{\mathrm{L}}$ 分别为杆单元内的右行波和左行波引起的位移。通常, 对于建筑承重结构, 可考虑为有限长的杆单元, 即承重结构在竖向振动传播中发挥轴向波传导的作用。因此, 基于双端自由的有限长杆单元动力响应边界方程, 杆单元的导纳矩阵表达式可表示为:
${\mathbf{Y}}_{r}= \left\lbrack \begin{matrix}- i\frac{\cot \left({{k}_{v}L}\right)}{A\sqrt{E\rho }}& \frac{-i}{A\sqrt{E\rho }\sin \left({{k}_{v}L}\right)} \\- i &- i\frac{\cot \left({{k}_{v}L}\right)}{A\sqrt{E\rho }\sin \left({{k}_{v}L}\right)} \end{matrix}\right\rbrack $
楼板结构模拟为板单元,基于 Kirchhoff 板理论 [ 14 ] , 由法向力激励引起的无限长薄板法向位移可由式(12) 得出:
${B}_{p}\left({\frac{{\partial }^{4}v\left({x, y}\right)}{\partial {x}^{4}}+ 2\frac{{\partial }^{4}v\left({x, y}\right)}{\partial {x}^{2}\partial {y}^{2}}+ \frac{{\partial }^{4}v\left({x, y}\right)}{\partial {y}^{4}}}\right)+ $
$ m\frac{{\partial }^{2}v\left({x, y, t}\right)}{\partial {t}^{2}}= {F}_{z}\left({x, y, t}\right)$
式中, ${B}_{p}= \frac{{\bar{E}}_{f}{h}_{f}^{3}}{{12}\left({1 -{v}_{f}^{2}}\right)}$ 为楼板的弯曲刚度; ${h}_{f}\text{、}{v}_{f}$ 分别为楼板的厚度和泊松比; ${\bar{E}}_{f}$ 为楼板的复弹性模量。 当仅考虑法向力和法向位移时,单位荷载 ${F}_{z}$ 作用在无限长薄板时, 板内任意一点的法向位移可用式(13) 表达:
$ v\left({\dot{r},\alpha }\right)= \frac{\omega {F}_{z}}{8{B}_{p}{k}_{p}^{2}}\left\lbrack {{H}_{0}^{\left( 2\right)}\left({{k}_{p}r}\right)- i\frac{2}{\pi }{K}_{0}\left({{k}_{p}r}\right)}\right\rbrack $
式中, $r$ 为板内任意一点到单位荷载作用点的距离 $r =\sqrt{{x}^{2}+ {y}^{2}};\alpha$ 为极坐标系下任意一点的坐标角,在该方程中 $\alpha$ 不影响法向位移,即仅考虑法向力激励时, 薄板内任意一点的位移响应只与距离相关。 ${H}_{0}^{\left( 2\right)}\left(\bullet \right)$ 为第 0 阶的第二类 Hankel 函数; ${K}_{0}\left(\bullet \right)$ 为第 0 阶的第二类修正的 Bessel 函数; ${k}_{p}$ 为板的弯曲波波数,其值等于 ${k}_{\mathrm{p}}= \sqrt[ 4 ]{\frac{m{\omega }^{2}}{{B}_{p}}}$ 。当薄板为无限大时,法向荷载激励的弯曲波会在薄板中完全耗散, 此时荷载加载在薄板上任意一点时的响应均相同, 则无限大薄板的导纳可以视作为点导纳函数,假设 $r = 0$ ,无限大薄板的导纳表达式为:
${Y}_{p}= \frac{\omega }{8{B}_{p}{k}_{p}^{2}}= \frac{1}{8\sqrt{{B}_{p}m}}$
承重结构的动刚度可整体集成为动刚度矩阵 $\left\lbrack \mathbf{K}\right\rbrack$ , 承重结构的动质量影响可集成为动质量矩阵 $\left\lbrack \mathbf{M}\right\rbrack$ 。若不考虑框架建筑的阻尼或将其考虑为材料的复阻尼, 系统模型的方程可以表示为
$\left\lbrack \mathbf{K}\right\rbrack \{ X\}- {\omega }^{2}\left\lbrack \mathbf{M}\right\rbrack \{ X\}= \{\mathbf{F}\}$
结合式(6),系统模型速度向量可推导为:
$\{\mathbf{V}\}= {i\omega }{\left\lbrack \mathbf{K}- {\omega }^{2}\mathbf{M}\right\rbrack }^{-1}\{\mathbf{F}\}$
其中, 激振力位于建筑基底。在已知建筑基底振动的情况下,可假设建筑基底所受激振力为单位简谐振动, 则可通过不同楼层的振动速度与建筑基底振动速度的比值来求解上部结构振动响应。系统模型的整体方程可表示为:
${\mathbf{V}}_{\text{total }}= {\mathbf{Y}}_{\text{total }}{\mathbf{F}}_{\text{total }}$
式中, ${V}_{\text{total }}$ 为系统模型的整体速度向量; ${F}_{\text{total }}$ 为系统模型的整体力向量; ${\mathbf{Y}}_{\text{total }}$ 为系统模型的整体导纳矩阵, 该矩阵根据系统内部力学平衡和几何相容性质创建稀疏矩阵, 可使用有限元法级联构成。
将 7 层框架建筑考虑为 图 4 所示的导纳模型。对于承重结构, 考虑为杆单元导纳模型; 对于楼板结构, 考虑为无限大的薄板模型, 即承重结构在楼板上诱发的弯曲波将完全传播到足够远, 从而以热能的形式耗散掉。因此, 该 7 层建筑可以转换为 8 自由度的系统模型。
其中, 外部参照荷载输入为该框架建筑首层在地铁运行过程中振动信号, 其振动信号时域及其对应的 1/3 倍频程谱如 图 5 所示。对于频率间隔为 ${0.2}\mathrm{\;{Hz}}$ ,频率范围为 $-{255.8}\sim {256}\mathrm{\;{Hz}}$ 的 8 自由度建筑结构的振动响应计算,在一台配备 ${3.70}\mathrm{{GHz}}$$\mathrm{{CPU}}$ 的普通个人电脑上仅需 1.22 s,建模时间与计算时间均较短。
为了验证预测模型的可靠性, 分别将建筑物第 2、 3、4 和 6 层的实测振动信号与预测模型计算结果进行对比, 如 图 6图 7 所示。可以发现: 在时域上, 模型的计算结果和实测结果在幅值和趋势上较为一致; 在频域上,分频最大误差不超过 $5\mathrm{\;{dB}}$ 。因此,基于导纳理论构建的车致结构振动响应模型能够高效且合理地预测地铁列车运行引发的建筑结构振动。
本文对武汉地铁 1 号线沿线 7 层建筑开展了现场测试, 基于导纳理论提出并验证了车致结构振动响应模型, 主要结论如下。
1) 基于导纳理论, 模型将结构柱和楼板分别模拟为有限长的杆单元和无限大的板单元, 可较准确地模拟振动传播机制。
2) 模型计算结果和实测建筑振动在时域和频域上均匹配良好,分频最大误差不超过 $5\mathrm{\;{dB}}$ ,表明车致结构振动响应模型可高效且合理地预测地铁列车引起的建筑结构振动。
3) 对于频率间隔为 ${0.2}\mathrm{\;{Hz}}$ ,频率范围为 $-{255.8}\sim$ ${256}\mathrm{\;{Hz}}$ 的 8 自由度的建筑结构振动响应计算,在一台配备 ${3.70}\mathrm{{GHz}}$ 的 CPU 的普通个人电脑上仅需 ${1.22}\mathrm{s}$ , 建模时间与计算时间均较短, 适用于工程的初步和确认预测阶段。
  • 国家自然科学基金(51908139)
  • 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515010536)
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2024年第37卷第6期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.06.008
  • 接收时间:2024-03-18
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-18
  • 修回日期:2024-06-17
基金
国家自然科学基金(51908139)
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515010536)
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    1 北京市轨道交通建设管理有限公司 北京 100037
    2 北交振安轨道科技(北京)有限公司 北京 100176
    3 北京东方雨虹防水技术股份有限公司 北京 100176
    4 广东工业大学 土木与交通工程学院 广州 510006
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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