Article(id=1149745454679765203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149745442428203486, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.016, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1704211200000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-03, revisedDate=1708531200000, revisedDateStr=2024-02-22, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752050277633, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752050277633, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752050277633, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752050277633, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149745442428203486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, year='2024', volume='37', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='141', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1752050274711, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1753780137206, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1157001011664605316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149745442428203486, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1157001011664605317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, issueId=1149745442428203486, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=111, endPage=117, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149745454868508892, articleId=1149745454679765203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=EN, title=Performance Evaluation of Disc Cutters in EPB/TBM Dual-Mode Shield Tunneling Machines in Full Section Hard Rock Strata, columnId=1152669336394183038, journalTitle=Urban Rapid Rail Transit, columnName=Civil Engineering Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to enhance the excavation efficiency of an EPB/TBM dualmode shield machine and minimize disc cutter wear, the study was conducted on the performance of disc cutters along the Intercity Railway from Airport East Station to Huangmabu Station, Shenzhen. The research focused on the fullsection hard rock strata from ZDK8+583.0 to ZDK8+359.8 on the left side of the tunnel. Initially, the study analyzed cutter replacement conditions and wear patterns based on different functions and types of disc cutters to determine optimal performance criteria. Subsequently, the service life of the disc cutters under optimal conditions was evaluated to guide replacement scheduling. Finally, a tool information management system tailored to the project's requirements was established. The findings highlight that China Railway's wideblade disc cutter is wellsuited for excavating this specific formation. The implemented tool management system effectively manages comprehensive information about the tools, which helps ensure costeffective and efficient onsite operations. This research serves as a practical guide for choosing disc cutters for shield tunneling machines. It promotes better information management practices for disc cutters, leading to safer and more efficient operations.

, correspAuthors=Zhang SUN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zhang SUN, Zhenhua WANG, Yihui JIANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149745470072861669, articleId=1149745454679765203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, language=CN, title=全断面硬岩地层土压/TBM 双模盾构滚刀性能评价, columnId=1152669336603898239, journalTitle=都市快轨交通, columnName=土建技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了提高土压(EPB)/隧道掘进机(tunnel boring machine,TBM)双模盾构掘进效率,减少滚刀磨损,以深大城际铁路机场东站—黄麻布站区间为依托,以该隧道左线里程ZDK8+583.0~ZDK8+359.8 全断面硬岩掘进段为研究对象,对区间所采用的EPB/TBM 双模盾构滚刀性能展开研究。首先,根据滚刀功能和类型的不同,对该区段的滚刀更换情况以及磨损状况进行统计分析,并获得最优性能的滚刀;然后,为更好地指导开仓换刀,以最优性能滚刀为例对滚刀使用寿命进行评估;最后,根据现场实际情况建立刀具信息管理系统。研究结果表明:中铁装备宽刀更适合该类地层的掘进,所搭建的刀具管理系统能很好地实现刀具信息化管理,确保现场施工更经济、高效。

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孙彰,男,本科,高级工程师,主要从事隧道与地下空间的研究,

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Tunnelling and underground space technology, 2000, 15(2): 139-146., articleTitle=Design considerations for construction of the Qinling Tunnel using TBM, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040195725906399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=32, issue=12, pageStart=3883, pageEnd=3912, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=12, authorNames=王少锋, 孙立成, 周子龙, journalName=中国有色金属学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王少锋, 孙立成, 周子龙, 等. 非爆破岩理论和技术发展与展望[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2022, 32(12): 3883-3912., articleTitle=非爆破岩理论和技术发展与展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1154040195839152609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=32, issue=12, pageStart=3883, pageEnd=3912, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=13, authorNames=WANG Shaofeng, SUN Licheng, ZHOU Zilong, journalName=The Chinese journal of nonferrous metals, refType=null, unstructuredReference= WANG Shaofeng , SUN Licheng , ZHOU Zilong , et al. Development and prospect of non-blasting rock breakage theory and technology[J]. The Chinese journal of nonferrous metals, 2022, 32(12): 3883-3912., articleTitle=Development and prospect of non-blasting rock breakage theory and technology, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1154040194593444297, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, awardId=2019GK1010, language=CN, fundingSource=湖南省创新型省份建设专项(2019GK1010), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1154040184359342341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1154040184376119558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, companyId=1154040184359342341, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Shenzhen Railway Investment and Construction Group Co., Ltd. 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journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Design diagram of cutterhead structure, figureFileSmall=JhQgmRG0b1atG9cQYCu+TA==, figureFileBig=OQDVPBnnDdZ0AUGuj7C9cg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040192739561881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=CN, label=图 2, caption=刀盘结构设计, figureFileSmall=JhQgmRG0b1atG9cQYCu+TA==, figureFileBig=OQDVPBnnDdZ0AUGuj7C9cg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040192810865053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Disc cutters of full section hard rock section, figureFileSmall=qxWgkTnrp2QAZiXPEpZlzQ==, figureFileBig=qBBe52PdMcwSH1uJ9KbYdA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040192890556833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=CN, label=图 3, caption=全断面硬岩掘进段盘滚刀, 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label=Figure 7, caption=Overall framework of tool information management system, figureFileSmall=GTMmPtqchLHKr+1AW+Neeg==, figureFileBig=HQGpNqnfvz6ZSXqN7C35cw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040193507119540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=CN, label=图 7, caption=刀具信息管理系统整体框架, figureFileSmall=GTMmPtqchLHKr+1AW+Neeg==, figureFileBig=HQGpNqnfvz6ZSXqN7C35cw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040193565839797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=Functional module of tool information management system, figureFileSmall=LBjHBCfJ2oCLywoxb/ZHOA==, figureFileBig=ZC1e5uiYmyj5jhPkQ87Jig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040193616171446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=CN, label=图 8, caption=刀具信息管理系统功能模块, figureFileSmall=LBjHBCfJ2oCLywoxb/ZHOA==, figureFileBig=ZC1e5uiYmyj5jhPkQ87Jig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1154040193683280311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=Physical and mechanical properties of granite, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
花岗岩 岩层类型 饱和密度 纵波速度 横波速度 饱和无侧限抗压强度(unconfined compressive strength, UCS)/MPa 石英 含量 岩石质量指标(rock quality designation, RQD)
微风化花岗岩 2.56 ~ 2.76 4 398 ~ 5 398 3637~3826 ${34.04} \sim {106.00}$ 约 30% 50%~70%
中风化花岗岩 ${2.59} \sim {2.73}$ 3 924~5 500 2 706 ~3 721 27.16 ~ 59.50 约 30% 30%~50%
强风化花岗岩 - 4 222 ~4 864 3 033 ~3 500 6.16 ~ 22.39 - 岩体极破碎,节理裂隙很发育, 岩芯呈碎块状
全风化花岗岩 1.79 ~ 2.11 - - - - 原岩结构已基本破坏, 呈坚硬土状
), ArticleFig(id=1154040193742000568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=CN, label=表 1, caption=花岗岩物理力学特性, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
花岗岩 岩层类型 饱和密度 纵波速度 横波速度 饱和无侧限抗压强度(unconfined compressive strength, UCS)/MPa 石英 含量 岩石质量指标(rock quality designation, RQD)
微风化花岗岩 2.56 ~ 2.76 4 398 ~ 5 398 3637~3826 ${34.04} \sim {106.00}$ 约 30% 50%~70%
中风化花岗岩 ${2.59} \sim {2.73}$ 3 924~5 500 2 706 ~3 721 27.16 ~ 59.50 约 30% 30%~50%
强风化花岗岩 - 4 222 ~4 864 3 033 ~3 500 6.16 ~ 22.39 - 岩体极破碎,节理裂隙很发育, 岩芯呈碎块状
全风化花岗岩 1.79 ~ 2.11 - - - - 原岩结构已基本破坏, 呈坚硬土状
), ArticleFig(id=1154040193817498041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Main technical parameters of dual-mode shield, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 参数值 参数 参数值
开挖直径/m 9.13 最大推力/kN 81 895
主机长度/m 10.86 额定扭矩 $/\left( {\mathrm{{kN}} \cdot \mathrm{m}}\right)$ 13 318
整机长度/m 120 脱困扭矩/( $\mathrm{{kN}} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ ) 15 982
前盾直径/m 9.09 整机设计压力/kPa 600
中盾直径/m 9.08 装机功率/kW 4 963
盾尾直径/m 9.06 主驱动功率/kW 3150
刀盘转速/rpm 0~4.3 水平转弯半径/m 350
刀盘开口率/% 30 纵向爬坡能力/%。 $\pm {50}$
), ArticleFig(id=1154040193888801210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=CN, label=表 2, caption=双模盾构主要技术参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数 参数值 参数 参数值
开挖直径/m 9.13 最大推力/kN 81 895
主机长度/m 10.86 额定扭矩 $/\left( {\mathrm{{kN}} \cdot \mathrm{m}}\right)$ 13 318
整机长度/m 120 脱困扭矩/( $\mathrm{{kN}} \cdot \mathrm{m}$ ) 15 982
前盾直径/m 9.09 整机设计压力/kPa 600
中盾直径/m 9.08 装机功率/kW 4 963
盾尾直径/m 9.06 主驱动功率/kW 3150
刀盘转速/rpm 0~4.3 水平转弯半径/m 350
刀盘开口率/% 30 纵向爬坡能力/%。 $\pm {50}$
), ArticleFig(id=1154040193955910075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=Performance parameters of disc cutters, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
滚刀 主要 部位 性能参数 中铁装备 易斯特 凌远科技
刀圈 材料 CREG-1 进口刀圈 自主研发 特制 ESTY001 $\mathrm{H}{13}$ 材质 刀圈
刃口硬度/HRC 58~60 57~59 60~62
抗拉强度/MPa $\geq {2400}$ 2350 ~ 2 750 -
屈服强度/MPa $\geq {2000}$ $\geq {2000}$ $\geq {2000}$
冲击韧性/(J·cm ${}^{-2}$ ) $\geq {19}$ ${18} \sim {27}$ $\geq {18}$
刀体 和 刀轴 材料 42CrMo 42CrMo 42CrMo
硬度/HRC 38~42 40~45 ${48} \sim {48}$
抗拉强度/MPa $\geq {1100}$ $\geq {1080}$ $\geq {1080}$
屈服点/MPa $\geq {950}$ $\geq {930}$ ≥930
断后伸长率 ≥12% $\geq {12}\%$ $\geq {12}\%$
断面收缩率 ≥45% ≥45% ≥45%
冲击吸收功/J $\geq {63}$ ≥63% $\geq {63}\%$
), ArticleFig(id=1154040194023018940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=CN, label=表 3, caption=全断面硬岩掘进段滚刀性能参数, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
滚刀 主要 部位 性能参数 中铁装备 易斯特 凌远科技
刀圈 材料 CREG-1 进口刀圈 自主研发 特制 ESTY001 $\mathrm{H}{13}$ 材质 刀圈
刃口硬度/HRC 58~60 57~59 60~62
抗拉强度/MPa $\geq {2400}$ 2350 ~ 2 750 -
屈服强度/MPa $\geq {2000}$ $\geq {2000}$ $\geq {2000}$
冲击韧性/(J·cm ${}^{-2}$ ) $\geq {19}$ ${18} \sim {27}$ $\geq {18}$
刀体 和 刀轴 材料 42CrMo 42CrMo 42CrMo
硬度/HRC 38~42 40~45 ${48} \sim {48}$
抗拉强度/MPa $\geq {1100}$ $\geq {1080}$ $\geq {1080}$
屈服点/MPa $\geq {950}$ $\geq {930}$ ≥930
断后伸长率 ≥12% $\geq {12}\%$ $\geq {12}\%$
断面收缩率 ≥45% ≥45% ≥45%
冲击吸收功/J $\geq {63}$ ≥63% $\geq {63}\%$
), ArticleFig(id=1154040194098516413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=Statistical analysis of differences in design parameters between the width and narrow blade of disc cutters, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
滚刀性能参数 中铁装备 易斯特 凌远科技
宽刀 (平口) 窄刀 (圆弧口) 宽刀 窄刀 宽刀 窄刀
刀圈刃口/mm 22 19 22 19 22 19
刀圈夹角/(°) 20 20 20 20 18 18
圆弧刃口半径/mm 8 10 13 9 11 10
), ArticleFig(id=1154040194178208190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=CN, label=表 4, caption=圆盘宽、窄刀设计参数差异统计, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
滚刀性能参数 中铁装备 易斯特 凌远科技
宽刀 (平口) 窄刀 (圆弧口) 宽刀 窄刀 宽刀 窄刀
刀圈刃口/mm 22 19 22 19 22 19
刀圈夹角/(°) 20 20 20 20 18 18
圆弧刃口半径/mm 8 10 13 9 11 10
), ArticleFig(id=1154040194241122751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=Disc cutters change statistics results 把, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
刀具名称 刀具类型 总计
保径刀 弧面刀 正面刀 中心刀
中铁装备宽刀 6 19 54 4 83
中铁装备窄刀 6 13 0 0 19
易斯特宽刀 6 5 23 0 34
易斯特窄刀 6 19 1 0 26
威尔特 0 0 3 0 3
总计 24 56 81 4 165
), ArticleFig(id=1154040194299843009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=CN, label=表 5, caption=换刀统计结果, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
刀具名称 刀具类型 总计
保径刀 弧面刀 正面刀 中心刀
中铁装备宽刀 6 19 54 4 83
中铁装备窄刀 6 13 0 0 19
易斯特宽刀 6 5 23 0 34
易斯特窄刀 6 19 1 0 26
威尔特 0 0 3 0 3
总计 24 56 81 4 165
), ArticleFig(id=1154040194366951875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=Calculation results of roller cutter wear $\mathrm{{mm}}/\mathrm{m}$, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
刀具类型 保径刀 弧面刀 正面刀 中心刀
中铁装备宽刀 0.297 5 0.280 9 0.180 2 0.027 3
中铁装备窄刀 0.355 0 0.436 4 - -
易斯特宽刀 0.390 7 0.494 8 0.291 2 -
易斯特窄刀 0.3320 0.325 6 0.130 6 -
威尔特 - - 0.327 3 -
), ArticleFig(id=1154040194421477829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123302524792850, articleId=1149745454679765203, language=CN, label=表 6, caption=滚刀磨损计算结果, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
刀具类型 保径刀 弧面刀 正面刀 中心刀
中铁装备宽刀 0.297 5 0.280 9 0.180 2 0.027 3
中铁装备窄刀 0.355 0 0.436 4 - -
易斯特宽刀 0.390 7 0.494 8 0.291 2 -
易斯特窄刀 0.3320 0.325 6 0.130 6 -
威尔特 - - 0.327 3 -
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全断面硬岩地层土压/TBM 双模盾构滚刀性能评价
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孙彰 1 , 王振华 2 , 江益辉 3
都市快轨交通 | 土建技术 2024,37(4): 111-117
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都市快轨交通 | 土建技术 2024, 37(4): 111-117
全断面硬岩地层土压/TBM 双模盾构滚刀性能评价
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孙彰1 , 王振华2, 江益辉3
作者信息
  • 1 深圳铁路投资建设集团有限公司 广东深圳 518000
  • 2 中铁三局集团广东建设工程有限公司 广州 511400
  • 3 中铁南方投资集团有限公司 深圳 518052
  • 孙彰,男,本科,高级工程师,主要从事隧道与地下空间的研究,

Performance Evaluation of Disc Cutters in EPB/TBM Dual-Mode Shield Tunneling Machines in Full Section Hard Rock Strata
Zhang SUN1 , Zhenhua WANG2, Yihui JIANG3
Affiliations
  • 1 Shenzhen Railway Investment and Construction Group Co., Ltd. Shenzhen Guangdong 518000
  • 2 China Railway No.3 Engineering Group Guangzhou 511400
  • 3 China Railway Southern Investment Group Co., Ltd. Shenzhen 518052
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.016
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为了提高土压(EPB)/隧道掘进机(tunnel boring machine,TBM)双模盾构掘进效率,减少滚刀磨损,以深大城际铁路机场东站—黄麻布站区间为依托,以该隧道左线里程ZDK8+583.0~ZDK8+359.8 全断面硬岩掘进段为研究对象,对区间所采用的EPB/TBM 双模盾构滚刀性能展开研究。首先,根据滚刀功能和类型的不同,对该区段的滚刀更换情况以及磨损状况进行统计分析,并获得最优性能的滚刀;然后,为更好地指导开仓换刀,以最优性能滚刀为例对滚刀使用寿命进行评估;最后,根据现场实际情况建立刀具信息管理系统。研究结果表明:中铁装备宽刀更适合该类地层的掘进,所搭建的刀具管理系统能很好地实现刀具信息化管理,确保现场施工更经济、高效。

轨道交通  /  全断面硬岩  /  滚刀性能  /  滚刀磨损  /  使用寿命  /  刀具信息化管理系统

In order to enhance the excavation efficiency of an EPB/TBM dualmode shield machine and minimize disc cutter wear, the study was conducted on the performance of disc cutters along the Intercity Railway from Airport East Station to Huangmabu Station, Shenzhen. The research focused on the fullsection hard rock strata from ZDK8+583.0 to ZDK8+359.8 on the left side of the tunnel. Initially, the study analyzed cutter replacement conditions and wear patterns based on different functions and types of disc cutters to determine optimal performance criteria. Subsequently, the service life of the disc cutters under optimal conditions was evaluated to guide replacement scheduling. Finally, a tool information management system tailored to the project's requirements was established. The findings highlight that China Railway's wideblade disc cutter is wellsuited for excavating this specific formation. The implemented tool management system effectively manages comprehensive information about the tools, which helps ensure costeffective and efficient onsite operations. This research serves as a practical guide for choosing disc cutters for shield tunneling machines. It promotes better information management practices for disc cutters, leading to safer and more efficient operations.

rail transit  /  full-section hard rock  /  disc cutter performance  /  disc cutter wear  /  service life  /  tool information management system
孙彰, 王振华, 江益辉. 全断面硬岩地层土压/TBM 双模盾构滚刀性能评价. 都市快轨交通, 2024 , 37 (4) : 111 -117 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.016
Zhang SUN, Zhenhua WANG, Yihui JIANG. Performance Evaluation of Disc Cutters in EPB/TBM Dual-Mode Shield Tunneling Machines in Full Section Hard Rock Strata[J]. Urban Rapid Rail Transit, 2024 , 37 (4) : 111 -117 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.016
盾构法具有安全、高效、扰动小、连续性高等优点, 已在隧道施工中得到了广泛且成功的应用。盾构法作为典型的机械破岩方法, 其破岩效率取决于刀具性能和岩石的可切割性。其中岩石的可切割性是岩石固有的属性, 主要受到岩石特性和地应力条件的影响。 然而, 在实际工程中, 岩石的可切割性往往不会随外界因素变化而产生较大波动, 因此刀具性能在提高盾构机掘进效率中起着至关重要的作用。若刀具性能与地质条件不匹配, 则会导致盾构滚刀出现损毁、断裂以及异常磨损等现象,严重时甚至会导致刀盘损坏 [ 1 ]
根据盾构刀具管理统计数据, 刀具成本和维修更换时间占工程总成本和总工期的 30%~40%,甚至更多,且该现象在硬岩掘进中尤为突出 [ 2 - 3 ] 。青岛地铁 2 号线隧道掘进机(tunnel boring machine, TBM)施工过程中遇到了高强度的辉长岩, 导致刀具磨损严重, 平均每天需换刀 3 至 5 把,刀具成本飙升至8000元8 000 元/m [4 。引汉济渭工程引水隧洞在施工过程中由于硬石英岩和辉长岩的存在,导致全工程在累计掘进的 $2\mathrm{\;{km}}$ 内共更换 38 把中心双刃滚刀和 1668 把单刃滚刀,更换滚刀刀圈高达 858 个 [ 5 ] 。挪威 Fosdalen Bergverk 矿山运输巷道和南非 Midmar 工程 [ 6 ] 以及加拿大 Kiena 金矿 [ 7 ] 等采用小直径敞开式 TBM 进行巷道施工,但由于硬岩的存在导致了普遍的滚刀高磨损现象。印尼 AMR 引水隧洞 [ 8 ] 、美国 Corbalis 至 Fox 矿选用水工程 [ 9 ] 采用双护盾 TBM 进行掘进, 在施工过程中遭遇极硬岩导致滚刀寿命指数、推进速度急剧降低。此外, 挪威 Rossaga 水电站 [ 10 ] 由于受到高强度云母片岩、片麻岩、大理岩/ 白云石层的影响, 导致所采用的敞开式全断面 TBM 刀具寿命降低, 夹持器靴损坏, 主轴承损坏。我国秦岭隧道在施工过程中由于高强度花岗岩和片麻岩的存在,导致推进速度由 ${3.5}\mathrm{\;m}/\mathrm{h}$ 降至 $1\mathrm{\;m}/\mathrm{h}$ ,刀具磨损率显著上升,破岩过程平均滚刀消耗率为 ${37.3}{\mathrm{\;m}}^{3}$ /刀具 [ 11 ] 。 综上, 各类 TBM 在硬岩掘进中均会面临不同程度的滚刀磨损问题。尤其当盾构进行硬岩掘进时, 往往会因为刀具性能不佳导致大量的刀具出现过度磨损或异常损坏现象,而大量的刀具损坏和频繁的开仓换刀势必造成刀具成本的增加和净掘进时间的减少,很大程度上影响了盾构机的掘进效率。虽然目前大量的辅助破岩手段正在被研发,如高压水辅助破岩系统、微波辅助破岩系统、 液氮辅助破岩系统、超声波辅助破岩系统以及激光辅助破岩系统等 [ 12 ] ,然而上述辅助破岩技术大多数仍停留在实验阶段, 离现场应用还存在一定距离。因此针对上述现象,最直接有效的措施是根据地层特性寻找最适性能的刀具, 通过刀具和地层的最优匹配达到提高掘进效率、减少滚刀磨损的目的。同时,刀具的寿命预测亦十分重要。刀盘在旋转推进过程中, 若某单个滚刀或者多个滚刀出现过度磨损时,会导致周围滚刀相继出现损坏或断裂的现象,且当该情况未被及时发现时,甚至引起整个刀盘损毁。因此, 精准掌握刀盘上不同部位及功能滚刀的寿命对于刀具、刀盘的保护意义重大。此外, 良好的滚刀磨损预测有助于指导刀具管理以及开仓作业, 减少非必要的开仓换刀,提高盾构机净掘进效率。
为解决滚刀硬岩掘进磨损大、滚刀难管理等问题, 本文以深圳机场至大亚湾城际铁路工程(深大城际)机场东站至黄麻布站区间隧道为依托,以减少土压/TBM 双模盾构滚刀磨损、提高掘进效率为目的, 对该隧道全断面硬岩掘进段(137 环~260 环)刀具性能进行了分析。统计了该区段的刀具更换情况, 计算了滚刀的磨损状况, 并据此获得了最优性能滚刀。此外, 为了更好地指导现场滚刀更换, 以最优性能滚刀为例对滚刀使用寿命进行了评估。最后根据现场实际情况建立了刀具信息管理系统。通过该系统可实现刀具的信息化管理,确保施工更经济、安全、高效。
深大城际铁路自机场东站至黄麻布站, 区间左线总长 ${4.66}\mathrm{\;{km}}$ ,右线总长 ${4.70}\mathrm{\;{km}}$ ,起讫里程分别为 ZDK4+283.725 % ZDK8+945.339 和 YDK4+283.752 % QCD YDK8+945.339。隧道全线地质条件复杂多变, 需穿越长距离上软下硬带以及 7 条断裂带和 4 条节理密集带。 区段地层主要以花岗岩和砾质黏性土为主, 如 图 1 所示。其中花岗岩包括微风化花岗岩、中风化花岗岩、强风化花岗岩以及全风化花岗岩, 且由中风化和微风化花岗岩所组成的硬岩约占全线的 78%,共约 ${3635}\mathrm{\;m}$ , 上述花岗岩的具体特性见 表 1 。砾质黏性土、强风化和全风化花岗岩地层占 15%,约 699 m;上软下硬地层占 $7\%$ ,约 ${326}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,且区间还存在一条长约 ${230}\mathrm{\;m}$ 的孤石段。此外, 该隧道还需下穿工业园、生态红线区、 学校、高速公路等重大地表构筑物。上述诸多因素为盾构施工和刀具性能带来了重大挑战。
综上, 该工程采用土压/TBM 双模盾构进行施工, 其可实现土压模式和 TBM 模式之间的快速转换, 盾构直径 $\phi$ 9.13 m。刀具包括中心双联滚刀、正面刀、弧面刀以及保径刀,如 图 2 所示。其中, 中心滚刀 4 把, 18 寸刀体,高度 ${185}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,刀间距为 ${80}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ; 正面刀 41 把,19 寸刀体,高度 ${185}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ;弧面刀 9 把,19 寸刀体,高度 ${140}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ; 保径刀 2 把,最大保径量 ${40}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 。 该双模盾构主要技术参数如 表 2 所示。
选取隧道左线里程为 ZDK8+583.0 ~ ZDK8+359.8 (137 环~260 环)的全断面硬岩掘进段作为刀具性能评价的目标段, 该区段始于 137 环, 终于 260 环, 全长 ${223.2}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,主要由中风化花岗岩和微风化花岗岩构成。 其中, 中风化花岗岩实测单轴饱和抗压强度标准值为 ${32.66}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ ; 微风化花岗岩实测单轴饱和抗压强度标准值为 ${62.04}\mathrm{{MPa}}$ 。由于该硬岩段距离较短,同时考虑到盾构模式转换耗时较长, 因此该段仍以土压模式进行掘进。
综合考虑该区段岩体特征和地层特性, 选取由三家公司制造的五类滚刀进行比选,即由中铁工程装备集团隧道设备制造有限公司(中铁装备)、山东易斯特工程工具有限公司(易斯特)以及凌远科技股份有限公司(凌远科技)分别制造的中铁装备宽刀与窄刀、易斯特宽刀与窄刀和威尔特滚刀,如 图 3 所示。其刀圈材料各异,硬度范围为 ${57}\sim {62}\mathrm{{HRC}}$ ,冲击韧度范围为 ${18}\sim {27}\mathrm{\;J}\cdot {\mathrm{{cm}}}^{-2}$ ;刀体材料相同,均为 ${42}\mathrm{{CrMO}}$ ,硬度范围为 ${38}\sim {48}\mathrm{{HRC}}$ ,滚刀性能参数具体见 表 3 。根据岩体强度特性, 对刀盘和刀具进行了合理设计,其中,中心刀刀间距为 ${70}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,正面刀刀间距为 ${80}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,弧面刀刀间距为 ${75}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ ,如 图 2 所示。
同时, 统计并分析了三家刀具生产商所制造的宽刃刀和窄刃刀在设计上所存在的差异,如 表 4 所示。 由 表 4 可知, 无论是中铁装备滚刀亦或是易斯特滚刀, 其宽刃刀和窄刃刀之间的差异主要表现在刀圈刃口、 刀圈夹角以及刀圈圆弧刃口半径上的不同。为快速对比分析上述滚刀在主要由中风化花岗岩和微风化花岗岩构成地层中的性能优劣, 针对不同部位及功能的滚刀采用混用的形式进行施工, 且为了避免滚刀安装半径对破岩性能和刀具磨损的影响, 在地层条件变化不大的情况下, 针对同一编号的刀箱槽, 通过采用更换不同类型滚刀的形式以分析不同滚刀之间的性能差异。
本文统计了 137 环至 260 环全断面硬岩掘进过程中的刀具磨损及更换情况, 结果表明在该区段累计的 123 环掘进过程中共换刀 165 把, 其中易斯特宽刀、 易斯特窄刀、中铁装备宽刀、中铁装备窄刀以及威尔特窄刀换刀数分别为 34、26、83、19 以及 3 把。
按照滚刀功能统计得到保径刀共换刀 24 把, 弧面刀、正面刀以及中心刀换刀数分别 56、81 和 4 把, 如 表 5 所示。总采用滚刀数为 220 把, 其中, 易斯特宽刀、易斯特窄刀、中铁装备宽刀、中铁装备窄刀以及威尔特窄刀总使用数分别为 ${41}\text{、}{26}\text{、}{134}\text{、}{19}$ 以及 3 把。换刀统计结果如 图 4 所示, 不同滚刀更换位置示意如 图 5 所示。
根据现场开仓实测的滚刀磨损数据分别计算得到不同厂家所生产滚刀在保径刀、弧面刀、正面刀以及中心刀位置的磨损量。其中, 滚刀磨损测量采用卡尺进行衡量, 如 图 6 所示。值得说明的是, 所计算的滚刀磨损数据为同一类型滚刀在对应位置上的所有磨损率的平均值, 且未考虑偏磨滚刀磨损量。滚刀磨损率结果如 表 6 所示, 相较于正面刀和中心刀, 保径刀及弧面刀的磨损率较大, 这是由于其行径半径更大所导致的。同时, 对比不同厂家刀具磨损情况发现, 虽然中铁装备宽刀在所统计的滚刀更换数量中占比最多,但其滚刀换刀率最低。易斯特宽刀换刀率为 82.9%(34/41,换刀 34 次,共使用 41 把),易斯特宽刀换刀率为 100%(26/26),中铁装备宽刀换刀率为 61.9%(83/134), 中铁装备窄刀换刀率为 100%(19/19), 威尔特滚刀换刀率为 100%(3/3)。此外, 为了进一步分析滚刀性能, 对比分析同一安装半径下的不同滚刀磨损情况。在保径刀、弧面刀、正面刀以及中心刀中分别挑选编号相同的刀箱槽计算其所采用滚刀的磨损率。经计算,保径刀(刀号: ${59}\#- 1\text{、}{59}\#- 2$ )所采用的易斯特宽刀、易斯特窄刀、中铁宽刀、中铁窄刀对应的磨损率分别为 0.167、0.085、0.097 和 0.069 把/环;弧面刀(57#) 所采用的易斯特宽刀、易斯特窄刀、中铁宽刀、中铁窄刀磨损率分别为 0.071、0.035、0.033 和 0.035 把/环。 正面刀(48#、49#)所采用的易斯特宽刀、中铁宽刀、威尔特窄刀磨损率分别 0.102、0.013 以及 0.025 把/环。
由于中心刀均采用中铁装备宽刀,因此不具对比性。上述结果表明, 相较于其他滚刀, 中铁装备滚刀在该类地质条件中表现出更优的性能。
保径刀、弧面刀、正面刀以及中心刀分别按照耐磨极限不应超过8、15、25以及 ${30}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$ 的磨损量标准进行刀具更换。
参照上述磨损极限, 以综合性能表现最优的中铁宽刀为例, 计算得到不同部位中铁装备宽刀的使用寿命分别为: 保径刀最大掘进里程为 ${26.89}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,弧面刀最大掘进里程为 ${53.40}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,正面刀最大掘进里程为 ${138.73}\mathrm{\;m}$ , 中心刀掘进里程为 ${1098.90}\mathrm{\;m}$ ,即在正常磨损情况下保径刀应 14 环进行一次换刀, 弧面刀应 29 环进行一次换刀,正面刀应 77 环进行一次换刀,中心刀应 610 环进行一次换刀。
为了更好地指导和管理刀具, 建立了刀具信息化管理系统。该系统以实际工程应用中的刀具管理方式作为设计参考, 考虑了刀具与装备的关联性、规范性及实用性, 系统框架设计适用于数据库存储。该系统整体框架如 图 7 所示, 框架主要包括登录页、首页、 初始刀具登记、装备信息与运行记录、刀具记录、刀具情况统计等 6 大模块。
结合现场实际状况, 建立刀具信息管理系统, 各功能模块如 图 8 所示。通过该系统可以更加有效、 便捷地管理刀具, 提高工作效率。该刀具信息管理系统的最终目的在于对刀具选型进行智能指导, 即通过建立不同强度岩体下的刀具磨损数据库, 根据换刀情况指导最优性能滚刀的选取。但目前受限于所需相关参数的数据量, 因此关于滚刀类型选取的智能决策模块暂未建立, 在将来的研究中需完善该功能, 以更好地指导盾构滚刀选取。
为了更好地指导盾构滚刀选型和盾构刀具管理, 本文以深大城际铁路机场东站至黄麻布站为依托, 选取该隧道左线里程 ZDK8+583.0 ~ ZDK8+359.8 全断面硬岩盾构掘进段为研究对象, 开展了滚刀更换及磨损状况分析。
1) 统计分析了该区段所用 5 种类型滚刀的性能, 分析结果表明, 无论是保径刀、弧面刀、正面刀或中心刀,中铁装备所生产的滚刀均表现出最优性能。保径刀、弧面刀、正面到的磨损率分别为 0.2975、0.2809、 ${0.1802}\mathrm{\;{mm}}/\mathrm{m}$
2) 以综合性能表现最优的中铁装备宽刀为例进行了寿命预测和换刀指导计算。结果表明, 当采用中铁宽刀, 且为滚刀为正常磨损(非偏磨、掉刀等)时, 保径刀应 14 环进行一次换刀, 弧面刀应 29 环进行一次换刀, 正面刀应 77 环进行一次换刀, 中心刀应 610 环进行一次换刀。
3) 为了促使现场刀具管理更为高效、便捷, 建立了刀具信息化管理系统。通过该系统可实现刀具的信息化、有效化管理,有利于提高施工效率。
由于本文提出的刀具性能评价均基于现场滚刀磨损测量数据开展, 在将来的研究中还需开展对应的室内试验, 分析不同类型滚刀的受力机制及破坏机理。 同时为了更好地指导滚刀选型,需在目前的刀具信息化管理系统的基础上,研发刀具选型智能决策模块。
  • 湖南省创新型省份建设专项(2019GK1010)
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2024年第37卷第4期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6073.2024.04.016
  • 接收时间:2024-01-03
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-03
  • 修回日期:2024-02-22
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湖南省创新型省份建设专项(2019GK1010)
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    1 深圳铁路投资建设集团有限公司 广东深圳 518000
    2 中铁三局集团广东建设工程有限公司 广州 511400
    3 中铁南方投资集团有限公司 深圳 518052
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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