Article(id=1309584877666791916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, issueId=1309584674813472796, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.6038/pg2026II0539, pmid=null, cstr=32085.14.pg2026II0539, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1743609600000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-03, revisedDate=1764864000000, revisedDateStr=2025-12-05, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790158965745, onlineDateStr=2026-09-23, pubDate=1771516800000, pubDateStr=2026-02-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790158965745, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790158965745, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790158965745, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1309584674813472796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, year='2026', volume='41', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='500', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1771516800000', pubDateStr='2026-02-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790158917382, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790210867428, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1309802569166316485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, issueId=1309584674813472796, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1309802569166316486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, issueId=1309584674813472796, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=428, endPage=441, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1309584877868118509, articleId=1309584877666791916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, language=EN, title=Distributed helical optical fiber das seismic acquisition system: a comparative test with geophones, columnId=null, journalTitle=Progress in Geophysics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology leverages the linear response of Rayleigh backscattered light in optical fibers to external acoustic fields, enabling distributed sensing and collection of vibrations. This technology has seen extensive application in seismic exploration. However, conventional straight optical fibers exhibit sensitivity primarily along the fiber axis, limiting their effectiveness in detecting vertically incident seismic waves, thus constraining their use in surface seismic surveys. To address this limitation, a Helically Wound Cable-Based Distributed Acoustic Sensing (HWC-DAS) technique has been proposed. In this approach, the fiber is helically wrapped around a deformable elastic medium, improving directional sensitivity and enhancing its ability to detect vertically incident reflections, significantly boosting sensitivity. Nevertheless, systematic comparisons between HWC-DAS and traditional seismic geophones remain sparse, and the differences in their sensitivity, Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), and frequency-dependent responses are not yet clearly understood. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted controlled laboratory experiments, including shaking table and vibration-sensing tests, to systematically compare the performance of HWC-DAS with conventional seismic geophones. Results from shaking table experiments indicate that HWC-DAS exhibits vibration response capabilities comparable to those of geophones across various frequency bands. Furthermore, vibration-sensing tests demonstrated that HWC-DAS achieves higher sensitivity and improved SNR compared to single-point geophones. Our study validates the effectiveness and feasibility of HWC-DAS for seismic exploration through laboratory experimentation, laying foundational groundwork for its practical deployment in industry.

, authors=JunGuang NIE, DeBao XU, YuHui YAO, XiaoLiang HONG, authorsList=JunGuang NIE, DeBao XU, YuHui YAO, XiaoLiang HONG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2026 Progress in Geophysics. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1309584882901283338, articleId=1309584877666791916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, language=CN, title=分布式螺旋光缆DAS地震采集系统与地震检波器对比试验, columnId=1309584711584932741, journalTitle=地球物理学进展, columnName=应用地球物理学(油气、金属矿、海洋、环境、工程、仪器等), runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

分布式声学传感技术基于光纤中背向瑞利散射光相位对外界声场的线性响应特性,实现对外界振动的分布式感知和采集,该技术目前已广泛应用于地震勘探领域.但传统直光纤具有单一轴向敏感特性,其对垂直入射的地震波敏感性较差,限制了其在地表地震采集中的应用.为解决这一问题,业内提出了一种基于螺旋光纤传感的分布式声学传感技术(HWC-DAS),该技术通过将光纤螺旋缠绕在易形变的弹性介质上,通过螺旋缠绕的结构改善光纤的轴向指向性,不仅改善了光纤对垂直入射反射波的接收能力,还显著提升了其灵敏度.然而,目前HWC-DAS技术与检波器尚缺乏系统的的对比试验,其对不同频段振动信号的响应特性、灵敏度和信噪比与传统地震检波器之间的差异不明确,相关的实验研究不充分,对HWC-DAS的信号接收评估能力不全面.为验证HWC-DAS的性能,本文开展了垂直振动台试验(对应z分量)和振动感知试验在内的室内对比实验,系统评估了HWC-DAS与传统地震检波器在振动响应、灵敏度和信噪比等方面的表现.振动台振动实验结果表明,HWC-DAS在不同频率范围内表现出于检波器相当的振动响应能力;振动感知试验表明了HWC-DAS相比单点地震检波器具有更高的灵敏度、信噪比的优势.本研究从室内试验的角度验证了HWC-DAS在地震勘探中的有效性和可行性,为其产业化应用提供了基础试验分析.

, authors=聂俊光, 徐德宝, 姚宇晖, 洪晓亮, authorsList=聂俊光, 徐德宝, 姚宇晖, 洪晓亮, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

聂俊光,男,1994年生,博士,工程师,研究方向为分布式声学传感系统. E-mail:

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Surface seismic with DAS changes land acquisition. //SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference. Manama, Bahrain: SPE, doi: 10.2118/194950-MS., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584891541549643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cao D P, Lü J J, Sun S R, et al. 2022. Three-component signal acquisition mechanism of distributed acoustic sensing based on helically winding fiber-optic. 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Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese), 61(1): 15-31., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584892103586385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hartog A, Frignet B, Mackie D, et al. 2014. Vertical seismic optical profiling on wireline logging cable. 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Geophysical Prospecting, 65(1): 35-46, doi: 10.1111/1365-2478.12358., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584892275552851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hornman K, Kuvshinov B, Zwartjes P, et al. 2013. Field trial of a broadside-sensitive distributed acoustic sensing cable for surface seismic. //75th EAGE Conference & Exhibition Incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2013. London: EAGE, doi: 10.3997/2214-4609.20130383., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584892363633236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Innanen K, Eaid M. 2018. Towards discrimination of elastic wave modes with shaped DAS Fibre-optic cables. //80th EAGE Conference and Exhibition. Copenhagen, Denmark: EAGE, 1-5, doi: 10.3997/2214-4609.201801628., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584892443325013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Innanen K A. 2017a. Parameterization of a helical DAS fibre wound about an arbitrarily curved cable axis. //79th EAGE Conference and Exhibition. Paris, France: EAGE, 1-5, doi: 10.3997/2214-4609.201701202., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584892556571222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Innanen K A. 2017b. Determination of seismic-tensor strain from Helical Wound Cable-Distributed Acoustic Sensing cable with arbitrary and nested-helix winds. //2017 SEG International Exposition and Annual Meeting. Houston, Texas: SEG, 926-930., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584892665623127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Innanen K A, Lawton D, Hall K, et al. 2019. Design and deployment of a prototype multicomponent Distributed Acoustic Sensing loop array. //SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2019. San Antonio, Texas, USA: SEG, 953-957, doi: 10.1190/segam2019-3216304.1., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584892741120600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jiang T, Zhan G, Hance T, et al. 2016. Valhall dual-well 3D DAS VSP field trial and imaging for active wells. //2016 SEG International Exposition and Annual Meeting. Dallas, Texas: SEG, 5582-5586., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584894439813721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kimura T, Suzuki K, Ali S, et al. 2018. Hybrid 3D VSP using fiber-optic technology and a conventional borehole seismic array tool. //80th EAGE Conference and Exhibition. Copenhagen, Denmark: EAGE, 1-5., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584894540477018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kuvshinov B N. 2016. Interaction of helically wound fibre-optic cables with plane seismic waves. Geophysical Prospecting, 64(3): 671-688, doi: 10.1111/1365-2478.12303., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584894615974491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=La Follett J, Wyker B, Hemink G, et al. 2014. Evaluation of fiber-optic cables for use in distributed acoustic sensing: Commercially available cables and novel cable designs. //SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2014. SEG, 5009-5013, doi: 10.1190/segam2014-0297.1., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584894687277660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lesnikov V, Allanic C. 2014. DAS VSP acquisition-perspectives and challenges. //76th EAGE Conference and Exhibition-Workshops. Amsterdam, Netherlands: EAGE., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584894762775133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Y, Wu H, Wong W, et al. 2015. Velocity analysis and update with 3D DAS-VSP to improve borehole/surface seismic images. //SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2015. SEG, 5285-5289., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584894863438430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Y P. 2019. Application of DAS systems in oilfield exploration. //Symposium on Fiber-Optic Sensing Technology in Energy Exploration and Development (in Chinese)., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584894947324511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Y P, Li F, Li J G, et al. 2020. Application of distributed acoustic sensing in borehole seismic exploration. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese), 59(2): 242-249., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584895035404896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lumens P, Franzen A, Hornman K, et al. 2013. Cable development for distributed geophysical sensing with a field trial in surface seismic. //Proceedings Volume 8794, 5th European Workshop on Optical Fibre Sensors. Krakow, Poland: SPIE, 497-501, doi: 10.1117/12.2025693., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584895123485281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Madsen K N, Thompson M, Parker T, et al. 2013. A VSP field trial using distributed acoustic sensing in a producing well in the North Sea. First Break, 31(11): 51-56., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584895215759970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Parker T, Shatalin S, Farhadiroushan M. 2014. Distributed Acoustic Sensing—a new tool for seismic applications. First Break, 32(2): 61-69., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584895312228963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Poletto F, Finfer D, Corubolo P. 2015. Broadside wavefields in horizontal helically-wound optical fiber and hydrophone streamer. //SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2015. SEG, 95-99, doi: 10.1190/segam2015-5896445.1., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584895400309348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ringstad C, Røed M H, Jestin C, et al. 2020. A multi-fibre optic sensing system for cross-well monitoring at the Svelvik CO2 field lab. //First EAGE Workshop on Fibre Optic Sensing. 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Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese), 61(1): 50-59, 77., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584895563887206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Z Y, Liu Y F, Chen Y C, et al. 2024. Research and application progress of distributed fiber-optic hydrophone technology. Acta Optica Sinica (in Chinese), 44(1): 0106004, doi: 10.3788/AOS231627., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584895647773287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yao Y, Wang Y B, Wang W J, et al. 2023. Micro-vibration response characteristics of distributed acoustic sensing. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese), 66(2): 713-730, doi: 10.6038/cjg2022P0841., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584895744242280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yavuz S, Freifeld B M, Pevzner R, et al. 2016. Subsurface imaging using buried DAS and geophone arrays—Preliminary results from CO2CRC Otway Project. //78th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2016. Online: EAGE, 1-5, doi: 10.3997/2214-4609.201601497., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584895853294185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang H, Lü Q T, Zhang Y, et al. 2023. Recent advances in geoscience using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) and Distrusted Acoustic Sensing (DAS) and the road ahead. 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Wuhan: Sinopec Geophysical Corporation Jianghan Branch, 226-229, doi: 10.26914/c.cnkihy.2024.001606., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584896008483435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=曹丹平, 律军军, 孙上饶, 等. 2022. 基于螺旋缠绕光纤的分布式声波传感三分量信号采集机理研究. 石油物探, 61(1): 60-69., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584896109146732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=苟量, 张少华, 余刚, 等. 2022. 光纤地球物理技术的发展现状与展望. 石油物探, 61(1): 15-31., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584896180449901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李彦鹏. 2019. DAS系统在油田勘探领域的应用. //光纤传感技术在能源勘探开发领域应用研讨会., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584896264335982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李彦鹏, 李飞, 李建国, 等. 2020. DAS技术在井中地震勘探的应用. 石油物探, 59(2): 242-249., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584896364999279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙琪真, 范存政, 李豪, 等. 2022. 光纤分布式声波传感技术在石油行业的研究进展. 石油物探, 61(1): 50-59, 77., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584896448885360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王照勇, 刘依凡, 陈义赐, 等. 2024. 分布式光纤水听器技术研究和应用进展. 光学学报, 44(1): 0106004, doi: 10.3788/AOS231627., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584896536965745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=姚艺, 王一博, 王伟君, 等. 2023. 分布式光纤声波传感微振动响应特征. 地球物理学报, 66(2): 713-730, doi: 10.6038/cjg2022P0841., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584896625046130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张辉, 吕庆田, 张毅, 等. 2023. 光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)和分布式声波传感器(DAS)在地学中的应用进展及发展方向. 地球物理学进展, 38(3): 1416-1454, doi: 10.6038/pg2023GG0365., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1309584896717320819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=null, rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张忠坡, 邓搏, 范国栋, 等. 2024. DAS在地面地震勘探中的方向性敏感问题探讨. //中国石油学会石油物探专业委员会. 第二届中国石油物探学术年会论文集(上册). 武汉: 中石化石油工程地球物理有限公司江汉分公司, 226-229, doi: 10.26914/c.cnkihy.2024.001606., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1309584883110998539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1309584883123581452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, companyId=1309584883110998539, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=The 23rd Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Shanghai 200437, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1309584883140358669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, companyId=1309584883110998539, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国电子科技集团公司第二十三研究所,上海 200437)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1309584886755848746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=P-wave response function under plane wave incidence (adapted from Motion Signal Technologies), figureFileSmall=2av+1tVEkrfAjCPlMo59bg==, figureFileBig=FAdVkaxF+O7K/4CjjKpMhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584886852317739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图1, caption=平面波入射情况下P波响应函数(参考自Motion Signal Technologies), figureFileSmall=2av+1tVEkrfAjCPlMo59bg==, figureFileBig=FAdVkaxF+O7K/4CjjKpMhQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584887066227244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Schematic diagram of seismic wave incidence angles for (a) downhole reception and (b) surface reception (adapted from Zhang et al., 2024), figureFileSmall=CjWZeV+ggbIyWAzk3zczIQ==, figureFileBig=fClvfaGRQCWrzBKr4wYEbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584887145919021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图2, caption=井中接受地震波(a)和地表接收地震波(b)的入射角示意图(参考自张忠坡等,2024), figureFileSmall=CjWZeV+ggbIyWAzk3zczIQ==, figureFileBig=fClvfaGRQCWrzBKr4wYEbg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584887301108270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Schematic diagram (a) and physical specimen (b) of distributed helically wound optical cable, along with nodal geophone (c), figureFileSmall=ygRFVnWUClUqzFVtUPkH+w==, figureFileBig=SRIx26sjcdhFxykImVubfw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584887384994351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图3, caption=分布式螺旋光缆结构示意图(a)与实物(b)以及节点式地震检波器(c), figureFileSmall=ygRFVnWUClUqzFVtUPkH+w==, figureFileBig=SRIx26sjcdhFxykImVubfw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584887473074736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Schematic diagram of vertical vibration test setup, figureFileSmall=xeZO/Oe33ndkyMaDyNQnkQ==, figureFileBig=gA9O9nnxeV/nmFBPe98sng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584887586320945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图4, caption=垂直振动试验布设示意图, figureFileSmall=xeZO/Oe33ndkyMaDyNQnkQ==, figureFileBig=gA9O9nnxeV/nmFBPe98sng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584887674401330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Schematic diagram of vibration sensing test (a) and field deployment configuration (b), figureFileSmall=T+ENXT9QRGI68MEqghedKw==, figureFileBig=nDh0+T5xVWtJW0P5AmYFvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584887842173491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图5, caption=振动感知试验示意图(a)和现场布设情况(b), figureFileSmall=T+ENXT9QRGI68MEqghedKw==, figureFileBig=nDh0+T5xVWtJW0P5AmYFvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584887917670964, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Vibration test results at 5 Hz for HWC-DAS and geophones, figureFileSmall=otX+nqA0p2PpxkzrPjgwKA==, figureFileBig=gK3TGE83dcH8UsemjSdIpw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584888001557045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图6, caption=HWC-DAS与地震检波器5 Hz振动试验结果

(a)、(c)和(e)分别为HWC-DAS时域、频域以及功率谱密度结果;(b)、(d)和(f)分别为地震检波器时域、频域和功率谱密度结果.

, figureFileSmall=otX+nqA0p2PpxkzrPjgwKA==, figureFileBig=gK3TGE83dcH8UsemjSdIpw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584888085443126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Vibration test results at 10 Hz for HWC-DAS and geophones, figureFileSmall=ClpSFJ9QAhsMrocrJxFfKA==, figureFileBig=u4W6GF0iG9la34jq2BTSUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584888177717815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图7, caption=HWC-DAS与地震检波器10 Hz振动试验结果

(a)、(c)和(e)分别为HWC-DAS时域、频域以及功率谱密度结果;(b)、(d)和(f)分别为地震检波器时域、频域和功率谱密度结果

, figureFileSmall=ClpSFJ9QAhsMrocrJxFfKA==, figureFileBig=u4W6GF0iG9la34jq2BTSUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584888269992504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Vibration test results at 5 Hz for HWC-DAS and geophones, figureFileSmall=8Bz7q/ZK/44seIximbBvrQ==, figureFileBig=fmPpRcsUlf3UsikKOjjJ8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584889956102713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图8, caption=HWC-DAS与地震检波器50 Hz振动试验结果

(a)、(c)和(e)分别为HWC-DAS时域、频域以及功率谱密度结果;(b)、(d)和(f)分别为地震检波器时域、频域和功率谱密度结果.

, figureFileSmall=8Bz7q/ZK/44seIximbBvrQ==, figureFileBig=fmPpRcsUlf3UsikKOjjJ8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584890052571706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Vibration test results at 80 Hz for HWC-DAS and geophones, figureFileSmall=TJYYLY4jMj1kCJVwBJ9cwA==, figureFileBig=FvNzaN0sxtFEvTWUms69QA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584890149040699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图9, caption=HWC-DAS与地震检波器80 Hz振动试验结果

(a)、(c)和(e)分别为HWC-DAS时域、频域以及功率谱密度结果;(b)、(d)和(f)分别为地震检波器时域、频域和功率谱密度结果.

, figureFileSmall=TJYYLY4jMj1kCJVwBJ9cwA==, figureFileBig=FvNzaN0sxtFEvTWUms69QA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584890232926780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Vibration test results at 100 Hz for HWC-DAS and geophones, figureFileSmall=TMIKUb9YmM0R2Luse06IGg==, figureFileBig=m58IVq8pMLhkd1TiyzUeJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584890312618557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图10, caption=HWC-DAS与地震检波器100 Hz振动试验结果

(a)、(c)和(e)分别为HWC-DAS时域、频域以及功率谱密度结果;(b)、(d)和(f)分别为地震检波器时域、频域和功率谱密度结果.

, figureFileSmall=TMIKUb9YmM0R2Luse06IGg==, figureFileBig=m58IVq8pMLhkd1TiyzUeJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584890396504638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Vibration test results at 150 Hz for HWC-DAS and geophones, figureFileSmall=o05Vn9BPaTyq2kYvcqdfvQ==, figureFileBig=A6meSUBYNAueEbjZW3zPZQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584890476196415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图11, caption=HWC-DAS与地震检波器150 Hz振动试验结果

(a)、(c)和(e)分别为HWC-DAS时域、频域以及功率谱密度结果;(b)、(d)和(f)分别为地震检波器时域、频域和功率谱密度结果.

, figureFileSmall=o05Vn9BPaTyq2kYvcqdfvQ==, figureFileBig=A6meSUBYNAueEbjZW3zPZQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584890555888192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=Comparison of SNR between HWC-DAS and geophones under different operating conditions, figureFileSmall=prBHA17ls/jBudsGI+272A==, figureFileBig=ohBYCt8tVpH0iIlrCfoKUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584890660745793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图12, caption=不同工况下HWC-DAS与地震检波器SNR对比, figureFileSmall=prBHA17ls/jBudsGI+272A==, figureFileBig=ohBYCt8tVpH0iIlrCfoKUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584890732048962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=Vibration sensing test results of HWC-DAS versus geophones, figureFileSmall=KSVt0jWCejyrz9dP6Nr4QA==, figureFileBig=S3rqRA7gZI/Dyj1OhCYIaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584890803352131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图13, caption=HWC-DAS与地震检波器振动感知试验

蓝色线代表HWC-DAS记录结果,红色线代表地震检波器结果.

, figureFileSmall=KSVt0jWCejyrz9dP6Nr4QA==, figureFileBig=S3rqRA7gZI/Dyj1OhCYIaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584890883043908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=SNR analysis of HWC-DAS versus geophones, figureFileSmall=1twhHKS9gdU5B/e1OYA09g==, figureFileBig=U8lruFkz5R4MIX1YA0iWew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584890958541381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=图14, caption=HWC-DAS与地震检波器信噪比分析, figureFileSmall=1twhHKS9gdU5B/e1OYA09g==, figureFileBig=U8lruFkz5R4MIX1YA0iWew==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1309584891029844550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Table1, caption=

Experimental and processing parameter settings for HWC-DAS and geophones

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
振动频率/Hz振动加速度/(m/s2)HWC-DAS平滑窗
(采样点)
地震检波器平滑窗
(采样点)
5 Hz180020
2
3
10 Hz0.5300未平滑
1
2
0.1
0.3
50 Hz0.2未平滑未平滑
0.3
80 Hz0.1未平滑未平滑
0.2
0.3
0.5
100 Hz0.1未平滑未平滑
0.2
0.5
150 Hz0.5未平滑未平滑
0.7
0.9
), ArticleFig(id=1309584891138896455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

HWC-DAS和地震检波器试验参数和处理参数设置

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
振动频率/Hz振动加速度/(m/s2)HWC-DAS平滑窗
(采样点)
地震检波器平滑窗
(采样点)
5 Hz180020
2
3
10 Hz0.5300未平滑
1
2
0.1
0.3
50 Hz0.2未平滑未平滑
0.3
80 Hz0.1未平滑未平滑
0.2
0.3
0.5
100 Hz0.1未平滑未平滑
0.2
0.5
150 Hz0.5未平滑未平滑
0.7
0.9
), ArticleFig(id=1309584891243754056, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=EN, label=Table2, caption=

Comparison of signal-to-noise ratio between HWC-DAS and geophones under different working conditions

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况振动频率/Hz振动加速度/(m/s2)HWC-DAS信噪比/dB地震检波器信噪比/dB底噪参考频点/Hz备注
15156.1359.9100—
2257.531.68100地震检波器饱和
3357.3734.09100地震检波器饱和
4100.558.1762.09100—
5154.9563.95100—
6256.1461.37100地震检波器轻微饱和
7500.254.9659.25125—
80.354.1463.32125—
9800.144.4535.68100—
100.247.1745.7100—
110.346.247.59100—
120.534.9747.55100HWC-DAS饱和
131000.141.148.2150—
140.246.4648.99150—
150.554.3751.57150地震检波器轻微饱和
161500.562.6822.48400地震检波器饱和
170.765.526.59400地震检波器饱和
180.966.4828.17400HWC-DAS轻微饱和;地震检波器饱和
), ArticleFig(id=1309584891336028745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397311409356903, articleId=1309584877666791916, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同工况下HWC-DAS信噪比与地震检波器对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况振动频率/Hz振动加速度/(m/s2)HWC-DAS信噪比/dB地震检波器信噪比/dB底噪参考频点/Hz备注
15156.1359.9100—
2257.531.68100地震检波器饱和
3357.3734.09100地震检波器饱和
4100.558.1762.09100—
5154.9563.95100—
6256.1461.37100地震检波器轻微饱和
7500.254.9659.25125—
80.354.1463.32125—
9800.144.4535.68100—
100.247.1745.7100—
110.346.247.59100—
120.534.9747.55100HWC-DAS饱和
131000.141.148.2150—
140.246.4648.99150—
150.554.3751.57150地震检波器轻微饱和
161500.562.6822.48400地震检波器饱和
170.765.526.59400地震检波器饱和
180.966.4828.17400HWC-DAS轻微饱和;地震检波器饱和
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分布式螺旋光缆DAS地震采集系统与地震检波器对比试验
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聂俊光 , 徐德宝 , 姚宇晖 , 洪晓亮
地球物理学进展 | 应用地球物理学(油气、金属矿、海洋、环境、工程、仪器等) 2026,41(1): 428-441
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地球物理学进展 |应用地球物理学(油气、金属矿、海洋、环境、工程、仪器等) 2026 , 41 (1) : 428 -441
分布式螺旋光缆DAS地震采集系统与地震检波器对比试验
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聂俊光 , 徐德宝, 姚宇晖, 洪晓亮
作者信息
  • 中国电子科技集团公司第二十三研究所,上海 200437
作者简介:

聂俊光,男,1994年生,博士,工程师,研究方向为分布式声学传感系统. E-mail:

Distributed helical optical fiber das seismic acquisition system: a comparative test with geophones
JunGuang NIE , DeBao XU, YuHui YAO, XiaoLiang HONG
Affiliations
  • The 23rd Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Shanghai 200437, China
出版时间: 2026-02-20 doi: 10.6038/pg2026II0539
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分布式声学传感技术基于光纤中背向瑞利散射光相位对外界声场的线性响应特性,实现对外界振动的分布式感知和采集,该技术目前已广泛应用于地震勘探领域.但传统直光纤具有单一轴向敏感特性,其对垂直入射的地震波敏感性较差,限制了其在地表地震采集中的应用.为解决这一问题,业内提出了一种基于螺旋光纤传感的分布式声学传感技术(HWC-DAS),该技术通过将光纤螺旋缠绕在易形变的弹性介质上,通过螺旋缠绕的结构改善光纤的轴向指向性,不仅改善了光纤对垂直入射反射波的接收能力,还显著提升了其灵敏度.然而,目前HWC-DAS技术与检波器尚缺乏系统的的对比试验,其对不同频段振动信号的响应特性、灵敏度和信噪比与传统地震检波器之间的差异不明确,相关的实验研究不充分,对HWC-DAS的信号接收评估能力不全面.为验证HWC-DAS的性能,本文开展了垂直振动台试验(对应z分量)和振动感知试验在内的室内对比实验,系统评估了HWC-DAS与传统地震检波器在振动响应、灵敏度和信噪比等方面的表现.振动台振动实验结果表明,HWC-DAS在不同频率范围内表现出于检波器相当的振动响应能力;振动感知试验表明了HWC-DAS相比单点地震检波器具有更高的灵敏度、信噪比的优势.本研究从室内试验的角度验证了HWC-DAS在地震勘探中的有效性和可行性,为其产业化应用提供了基础试验分析.

分布式声学传感  /  螺旋光缆  /  地震检波器  /  振动试验

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology leverages the linear response of Rayleigh backscattered light in optical fibers to external acoustic fields, enabling distributed sensing and collection of vibrations. This technology has seen extensive application in seismic exploration. However, conventional straight optical fibers exhibit sensitivity primarily along the fiber axis, limiting their effectiveness in detecting vertically incident seismic waves, thus constraining their use in surface seismic surveys. To address this limitation, a Helically Wound Cable-Based Distributed Acoustic Sensing (HWC-DAS) technique has been proposed. In this approach, the fiber is helically wrapped around a deformable elastic medium, improving directional sensitivity and enhancing its ability to detect vertically incident reflections, significantly boosting sensitivity. Nevertheless, systematic comparisons between HWC-DAS and traditional seismic geophones remain sparse, and the differences in their sensitivity, Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), and frequency-dependent responses are not yet clearly understood. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted controlled laboratory experiments, including shaking table and vibration-sensing tests, to systematically compare the performance of HWC-DAS with conventional seismic geophones. Results from shaking table experiments indicate that HWC-DAS exhibits vibration response capabilities comparable to those of geophones across various frequency bands. Furthermore, vibration-sensing tests demonstrated that HWC-DAS achieves higher sensitivity and improved SNR compared to single-point geophones. Our study validates the effectiveness and feasibility of HWC-DAS for seismic exploration through laboratory experimentation, laying foundational groundwork for its practical deployment in industry.

Distributed acoustic sensing  /  Helical wound cable  /  Geophone  /  Vibration test
聂俊光, 徐德宝, 姚宇晖, 洪晓亮. 分布式螺旋光缆DAS地震采集系统与地震检波器对比试验. 地球物理学进展, 2026 , 41 (1) : 428 -441 . DOI: 10.6038/pg2026II0539
JunGuang NIE, DeBao XU, YuHui YAO, XiaoLiang HONG. Distributed helical optical fiber das seismic acquisition system: a comparative test with geophones[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2026 , 41 (1) : 428 -441 . DOI: 10.6038/pg2026II0539
分布式声学传感技术(Distributed Acoustic Sensing,DAS)利用光纤中的背向瑞利散射结合先进的光学测量技术科实现对外界振动的分布式采集,该技术充分发挥了光纤的传输传感一体化的特性,可以将一根光纤转换为成千上万个虚拟的检波器,通过对这些检波器叠加、抽道、排列组合使DAS具备了传感尺度可调节的能力,实现无极变阵,开辟了传统技术所无法提供的科学和产业应用可能性.近年来,分布式声学传感技术(DAS)快速发展,并在地震勘探领域得到了广泛应用(孙琪真等,2022).其中,分布式井筒光纤地震剖面(Vertical Seismic Profile,VSP)技术尤为突出(Daley et al., 2013; Madsen et al., 2013; Hartog et al., 2014; Parker et al., 2014; 张辉等,2023).与传统电子式检波器相比,DAS技术具备更高的分辨率和更佳的成像效果(李彦鹏等, 2020;苟量等,2022).同时,它有效降低了VSP地震采集的作业成本,减少了施工过程中的安全风险,并缩短了井中作业的占井时间.目前,DAS-VSP技术已逐步实现产业化应用(Daley et al., 2016; Lesnikov and Allanic, 2014; Li et al., 2015; Jiang et al., 2016; Kimura et al., 2018; 李彦鹏,2019).
DAS传感的原理决定了DAS对传统直光纤轴向应变敏感(Kuvshinov, 2016; Bakulin et al., 2019),而对径向应变不敏感,如图 1所示,入射波以0°入射时,DAS的P波响应最好;而以90°入射时,DAS的P波响应最差.当光纤垂直布放在井中时,地层反射回的地震波以近乎平行方向入射,如图 2a所示,因此井筒中布放的直光纤可以很好的接收反射波信号;但当直光纤于地面接收地震信号时,反射波以近乎垂直角度(接近90°)入射,如图 2b所示,导致其基本接收不到有效的反射波信息,这一特性制约了DAS在地表地震采集的应用.
螺旋光缆技术(Helically Wound Fiber-Optical Cable, HWC)通过将光纤缠绕成螺旋状(Lumens et al., 2013;La Follett et al., 2014;Innanen, 2017a, b;Innanen and Eaid, 2018; Innanen et al., 2019),使其轴向法线能够获取来自空间各个角度的信号分量(Poletto et al., 2015;Ringstad et al., 2020),从而理论上可实现对多方向信号的灵敏响应(Lim and Sava, 2016;曹丹平等,2022),这一结构设计使光缆对各个方向入射的声信号保持较高的敏感性.HWC-DAS技术克服了对垂直入射反射波不敏感的特点,拓宽了DAS在地震勘探中的应用场景.在澳大利亚Otway地区的CO2地质存储项目中,部署了一套永久地震监测系统,通过对比地震检波器、直光缆和螺旋缠绕光纤电缆的监测效果,发现螺旋缠绕光纤电缆显示出丰富的反射波特征(Hornman et al., 2013;Hornman, 2017),而直光缆上则完全未见反射波,这一现象验证了螺旋缠绕光纤具备接受几乎垂直入射的反射地震波的能力(Freifeld et al., 2016; Yavuz et al., 2016).此外,借鉴光纤水听器的设计原理,HWC通过将光纤螺旋缠绕于易形变的声敏芯棒上,显著放大了光纤的伸长量,进一步增强了其灵敏度.根据最新研究,HWC的声压灵敏度已提升至裸光纤的四个数量级以上(王照勇等,2024;Chen et al., 2024),使其成为探测微弱信号领域中的理想选择.
然而,目前国内外针对HWC-DAS与传统地震检波器在室内条件下的对比实验研究仍较为缺乏,对HWC-DAS的实际振动响应特性、灵敏度及信噪比等关键性能参数的理解尚不充分.因此,亟需开展系统的室内对比验证试验,以明确HWC-DAS与传统地震检波器在不同频段、不同振动强度下的响应特性差异,查明二者在微弱信号探测与识别能力方面的具体差别,从而实现对HWC-DAS技术性能的全面摸底.这对于明确HWC-DAS技术的适用范围、推动其在地震勘探尤其是微弱地震信号探测领域的产业化应用至关重要.针对上述问题,本研究开展了HWC-DAS与传统地震检波器的室内对比试验,包括垂直振动台试验和振动感知试验.其中,垂直振动台试验通过控制不同振动频率与振动幅度,考察了HWC-DAS与地震检波器对不同频段振动信号的响应特性及灵敏度差异;振动感知试验则通过人为控制重物掉落作为振动源,对比分析了HWC-DAS与传统地震检波器在同一振动事件中的信号接收一致性、灵敏度和信噪比等指标的表现.上述试验为充分认识HWC-DAS与传统检波器之间在振动响应特性、灵敏度和信噪比方面的差异提供了基础试验依据,为HWC-DAS的性能评估提供了新的见解,并为HWC-DAS系统的优化、实际应用及产业化推广奠定了坚实的基础.
本次试验的高灵敏度HWC是中国电子科技集团公司第二十三研究所(以下简称中电23所)研制的,通过光纤绕线设备把光纤绕制在弹性芯棒上,再挤护套成缆,其结构如图 3a所示,实物如图 3b所示.本试验的地震检波器为中石化I-Nodal V2节点式地震检波器,如图 3c所示.
本次垂直振动台试验的配置如下:首先在沙箱中填充50 cm厚的沙土层,随后根据布置规范,垂直插入5个节点式地震检波器.接着,将分布式螺旋光缆以“U型”形式埋设于沙土中,埋设深度30 cm,光缆的另一端自然延伸并连接到DAS调制解调端机.整个实验布局如图 4所示.试验过程中,通过激发垂直振动台,考察地震检波器与HWC-DAS系统在5 Hz至100 Hz的地震主频范围内对垂直振动信号的响应性能.
本次振动感知试验利用500 ml饮用水瓶从1 m高度垂直掉落作为振动源,以评估HWC-DAS系统和单点地震检波器对相同振动响应的接收性能.试验中,重物距离检波器连线中点2 m,检波器间距1 m.检波器连线与HWC平行,二者间隔0.2 m,HWC则埋设于土中,埋深为0.1 m.HWC的入土段前接有27 km的同种光纤,最终连接至DAS调制解调端机.整个试验的设置示意图见图 5a,而现场的布设情况如图 5b所示.
本次试验详细设置了一系列试验参数以及数据处理参数,如表 1所示.在试验中,考察了在5 Hz、10 Hz、20 Hz、50 Hz、80 Hz、100 Hz以及150 Hz的振动频率条件下HWC-DAS系统与地震检波器的振幅响应.数据处理方面,为了优化低频数据的质量,对HWC-DAS和地震检波器的数据进行了加窗平滑处理.随后,为了确保数据的一致性,对每组数据进行了时间延迟补偿以对齐相位.最终,采用傅里叶变换进行了时频分析,以详细评估不同频率下的响应特性.
垂直振动台在5 Hz频率下的试验结果如图 6所展示,其中HWC-DAS系统的时域振动曲线和频谱分别在图 6a和图 6c中呈现,而地震检波器的相应数据则分别在图 6b和图 6d中显示.试验结果表明,在加速度1 m/s2、2 m/s2及3 m/s2条件下,HWC-DAS系统均能较好地还原振动信号;相反,地震检波器在1 m/s2加速度下能有效还原振动信号,但在2 m/s2和3 m/s2的加速度下出现了削波现象,表明检测饱和,造成波形畸变,导致波形失真.
垂直振动台在10 Hz频率下的试验结果如图 7所示,其中HWC-DAS系统的时域振动曲线和频谱分别在图 7a和图 7c中呈现,地震检波器的相应数据则显示在图 7b和图 7d.试验结果指出,在加速度1 m/s2、2 m/s2和3 m/s2的测试条件下,HWC-DAS系统均能有效还原振动信号.而地震检波器在1 m/s2和2 m/s2的加速度下同样表现良好,但在3 m/s2加速度下开始出现轻微的饱和现象,导致信号轻微失真.
在50 Hz频率下进行的垂直振动台试验结果如图 8所示.其中,HWC-DAS系统的时域振动曲线和频谱分别呈现在图 8a和图 8c,而地震检波器的相应数据显示在图 8b和图 8d.试验结果显示,在此频率下,HWC-DAS系统和地震检波器均能较好地实现振动信号的高保真还原.
在80 Hz频率下的垂直振动台试验结果如图 9所示.HWC-DAS系统的时域振动曲线和频谱分别显示在图 9a和图 9c.试验结果表明,HWC-DAS系统在加速度0.1 m/s2、0.2 m/s2和0.3 m/s2时能有效还原振动信号,当加速度增至0.5 m/s2时,波形出现了严重的畸变和失真.频谱分析显示0.5 m/s2的振幅比0.3 m/s2的还要低,这指示DAS系统在该加速度下可能遇到了相位折叠(缠绕)问题.地震检波器在0.1 m/s2、0.2 m/s2、0.3 m/s2以及0.5 m/s2的加速度下均能较好地还原振动信号.
在100 Hz频率下进行的垂直振动台试验结果如图 10所示.HWC-DAS系统的时域振动曲线和频谱分别显示在图 10a和图 10c,其中HWC-DAS系统都能较好有效还原振动信号.地震检波器的时域振动曲线和频谱则分别展示在图 10b和图 10d,结果表明,地震检波器在0.1 m/s2的条件下能够较好地还原振动信号,而在0.2 m/s2的加速度下,地震检波器开始出现轻微饱和现象,振幅与振动加速度之间失去了线性关系,进一步增加至0.5 m/s2时,饱和现象加剧,造成严重波形失真.
在150 Hz频率下进行的垂直振动台试验结果如图 11所示.HWC-DAS系统的时域振动曲线和频谱分别显示在图 11a和图 11c.试验数据表明,HWC-DAS系统在0.5 m/s2和0.7 m/s2加速度下能较好地还原振动信号,但在0.9 m/s2时开始出现饱和现象. 地震检波器的时域振动曲线和频谱则显示在图 11b和图 11d,其中从0.5 m/s2加速度开始,检波器显示出饱和现象,该现象在0.7 m/s2和0.9 m/s2的加速度条件下进一步加剧,显示振幅与加速度之间失去线性响应.
不同振动频率、不同振动加速度实验工况下,HWC-DAS信噪比与地震检波器信噪比量化对比如表 2所示,不同工况信噪比统计柱状图如图 12所示.总的来说,在地震检波器未饱和的情况下,地震检波器信噪比略微优于HWC-DAS,但相差不大,但受频率影响较大,信噪比随频率起伏较为严重,地震检波器饱和时信噪比急剧下降;HWC-DAS信噪比总的来说更为稳定,信噪比随频率平坦变化,在10 Hz和50 Hz信噪比略低于地震检波器,HWC-DAS的高频响应显著由于地震检波器,同样工况下未出现饱和现象.
在振动感知试验的数据处理中,地震检波器测量的是速度,单位是m/s;而HWC-DAS测量的是光学相位变化率rad/s(与应变率呈线性关系),二者不具备直接可比性(姚艺等,2023),为对比评估二者的信号质量,对二者振幅进行归一化处理.考虑到HWC-DAS系统和地震检波器的采样起始时刻存在差异,时间采样序列中相邻两个采样点的时间间隔为320 μs,此外,依据到时一致性原则进行了时间对齐,以保证数据分析的同步性.
试验结果展示在图 13中,其中图 13a详细记录了处理后的完整试验数据.在此图中,HWC-DAS系统在1000~2000采样点和4000~5000采样点范围内清晰记录到了现场试验人员发出的口令“1”和“2”的声音波形.此后,重物的下落引起的直接振动也被系统准确捕捉,证明即使在前置27 km特种光纤并埋置于地下20 cm的情况下,HWC-DAS系统依然能够清晰记录到人声信号,展示了其优越的灵敏度.相比之下,地震检波器在图中未能显示出完整的记录.这一差异部分由于地震检波器的灵敏度相对较低,另一方面是因为该型单点地震检波器主要记录垂直振动的z分量,无法捕捉到完整的声波信号.图 13b显示了图 13a中局部区域的局部放大结果.在5800~6000采样点区间HWC-DAS和单点地震检波器显示了高度的一致性,但HWC-DAS展现了更为丰富的波形信息,推测可能是因为HWC的全向敏感性造成的.进一步观察6400~6800采样点区间的波形,展示了重物二次和三次的振动,该区间内HWC-DAS系统表现出比单点地震检波器更高的信噪比.
对这两组数据开展信噪比分析,结果如图 14所示,其中选择4500~7700采样点作为噪声数据段,如图 14中黑色实线所示;7700~8900采样点为有效信号数据段,如图中绿色实线所示.进一步计算信号和噪声的功率,进而计算信噪比.其中地震检波器信噪比为20.72 dB,HWC-DAS信噪比为31.34 dB.
试验结果分析表明,尽管HWC-DAS系统与单点地震检波器在一致性方面表现相当,但HWC-DAS在灵敏度、波形信息丰富度以及信噪比方面具有明显优势.这些试验数据表明,在该场景下,HWC-DAS系统的表现超越了传统单带你地震检波器.特别值得注意的是,即使HWC-DAS系统前端连接了27 km的特种光纤,其末端仍能展现出足够高的灵敏度和信噪比,这意味着在光纤的前面部分,HWC-DAS将表现出更高的信噪比,这一表现显著地展示了其作为物探装备的潜力和应用价值.
垂直振动台振动试验结果揭示了HWC-DAS系统与地震检波器在不同频率和不同加速度下的饱和现象,展示了二者在饱和现象体现和机理上的差异.HWC-DAS系统通过测量背向瑞利散射光的相位,其相位测量值的范围局限在[-π,π]之间,超出此范围会导致相位缠绕,也称为相位折叠.这种饱和的典型特征在图 9c中可见,频谱显示在0.5 m/s2的加速度下,其振幅异常地低于0.3 m/s2.地震检波器的饱和现象则表现为典型的高电平削波现象,如图 6b所示.
在80 Hz振动频率下,当加速度达到0.5 m/s2时,HWC-DAS系统发生饱和,而地震检波器则未饱和.地震检波器在5 Hz频率下2 m/s2和3 m/s2的加速度,以及10 Hz频率下2 m/s2的加速度,100 Hz频率下0.5 m/s2的加速度,以及150 Hz频率下0.7 m/s2的加速度条件下表现出明显的饱和.相对地,在这些条件下,HWC-DAS系统没有发生饱和.此外,HWC-DAS和地震检波器在150 Hz频率下0.9 m/s2的振动加速度时均显示了饱和.
以上结果表明,很难通过直接对比HWC-DAS和地震检波器的动态范围来直接评估二者对振动信号的响应能力,试验过程中HWC-DAS系统饱和时,地震检波器并未饱和;而地震检波器饱和时,HWC-DAS并未饱和的现象.推测这是可能因为HWC-DAS系统和地震检波器测量机理差异导致的,地震检波器测量的物理量是位移或者速度,至于质点振动速度和质点振动方向有关;而HWC-DAS测量的是光纤所感知的应变率,即该点的速度在一定标距内的空间导数,由于微分运算,DAS应变率的振幅不仅和质点振动振幅、质点振动方向有关,还与波传播方向和波数(频率)相关,因此HWC-DAS系统的饱和效应更加复杂.
本次实验表明,HWC-DAS系统相较于传统地震检波器,在处理高频震动时具有更高的波形高保真恢复能力和更宽的频带响应,有潜力提供更好的垂向空间分辨率.在横向空间分辨率方面,目前HWC-DAS的道间距可低至0.1 m,这与常规高密度地震勘探中的12.5 m道间距相比,提高了近100倍,具有前所未有的空间采样密度优势.通过振动感知试验,HWC-DAS系统展示了其在灵敏度、信噪比和波形信息的丰富度方面,相对于地震检波器的显著优势.
以往研究通常基于现成的通讯光缆或已部署的通讯光缆,报道称DAS系统的信噪比较低,这主要是因为这些光缆并未经过针对性的增敏设计.而本研究中的HWC借鉴光纤水听器增敏机理,进行了增敏芯棒的定制设计,使得其每米HWC的声压灵敏度相比于裸光纤高了4个数量级,显著的提高了灵敏度和信噪比.因此,DAS系统本身的能力并非不足,而是之前的应用没有采用针对性的增敏设计.本研究的对比试验表明HWC-DAS系统不仅满足了地震勘探的需求,而且在性能上局部超越了传统的地震检波器.因此,可以预见HWC-DAS有潜力成为下一代物探技术.
然而,本研究仅开展了室内的对比试验,尚未进行实际野外地震数据采集与处理分析.因此,未来仍需进一步开展针对性的野外对比试验,通过真实环境下的数据采集,并结合基本的地震数据处理和成像分析,获取地下叠加或成像地震剖面,以全面评估和验证HWC-DAS系统在实际地震勘探中的综合性能表现,为HWC-DAS的实际应用与产业化推广提供更充分的科学依据与技术支撑.
本研究通过垂直振动试验和振动感知试验,系统地评估了HWC-DAS系统和传统地震检波器在不同振动频率和加速度条件下的性能差异.垂直振动试验结果表明,HWC-DAS与传统地震检波器在多频段范围内均表现出较好的响应一致性,同时揭示了二者在不同振动强度下饱和现象的差异特征,为HWC-DAS系统振动响应特性的量化评估提供了关键的试验数据与科学依据.振动感知试验进一步表明,相比于传统地震检波器,HWC-DAS系统在灵敏度和信噪比方面具有明显优势,且对微弱信号表现出更强的探测能力.上述研究成果为深入理解HWC-DAS系统的响应机理提供了重要的新见解,为HWC-DAS系统的优化设计、现场应用以及产业化推广奠定了坚实的基础.

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doi: 10.6038/pg2026II0539
  • 接收时间:2025-04-03
  • 首发时间:2026-09-23
  • 出版时间:2026-02-20
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-03
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    中国电子科技集团公司第二十三研究所,上海 200437
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