Article(id=1311998390142071682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, issueId=1311998371833934610, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2506.25013, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1736870400000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-15, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790734391961, onlineDateStr=2026-09-30, pubDate=1784044800000, pubDateStr=2026-07-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790734391961, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790734391961, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790734391961, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1311998371833934610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, year='2026', volume='50', issue='4', pageStart='1017', pageEnd='1326', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1784044800000', pubDateStr='2026-07-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790734387596, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790739443587, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1312019578272702984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, issueId=1311998371833934610, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1312019578272702985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, issueId=1311998371833934610, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1061, endPage=1076, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1311998391941428099, articleId=1311998390142071682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, language=EN, title=Characteristics of Convective-Scale Updrafts in the Outer Core of Numerically Simulated Tropical Cyclones under Vertically Varying Environmental Wind Shear, columnId=1311998374337934099, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, columnName=Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
The characteristics of convective-scale updrafts in the outer core of tropical cyclones (TCs) simulated under lower- and upper-layer vertical wind shear are compared in this study. The results reveal notable differences between the two experiments. (1) The lower-layer shear experiment features a larger proportion of deep updrafts with top heights above 12 km; vertical mass transport and the maximum vertical velocity associated with outer core updrafts are statistically significantly larger in the lower-layer sheared TC than in the upper-layer sheared TC; this difference is related to the larger convective effective potential energy, equivalent temperature, and water vapor mixing ratio in the boundary layer. Furthermore, interactions among the lower-layer vertical wind shear, local wind shear induced by the circulation of the TC, and surface cold pools are conducive to the initiation and development of updrafts. (2) The radial tilts of updrafts are associated with the updraft top height and asymmetric radial flows. Deep-penetrating updrafts are prevalent in the lower-layer shear experiment, tilting radially outward with height in the downshear quadrants under upper-level radial outflow and inward in the upshear quadrants under upper-level radial inflow. However, in the upper-layer shear experiment, most updrafts tend to tilt radially inward with height, primarily driven by asymmetric radial inflow at upper levels in the downshear-right and upshear quadrants and at lower-to-middle levels in the downshear-left quadrant. (3) In the lower-layer shear experiment, relatively symmetric low-level radial inflow prevails, driving most updrafts to migrate inward toward the TC eye across all quadrants. However, in the upper-layer shear experiment, updrafts in the upshear quadrants tend to move radially outward under the influence of radial outflow in the lower levels, whereas those in the downshear quadrants tend to move radially inward under the radial inflow in the lower levels. (4) In the lower-layer sheared TC, most updrafts exhibit large positive thermal buoyancy, large negative water loading, and large negative dynamic buoyancy; hence, the total buoyancy ranges from negative to positive. In comparison, in the upper-layer sheared TC, most updrafts exhibit smaller positive thermal buoyancy, smaller positive dynamic buoyancy, and smaller negative water loading, resulting in smaller positive total buoyancy.
, authors=Qiaoxian FANG
1, Qingqing LI
2, 3, 4, authorsList=Qiaoxian FANG, Qingqing LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Qingqing LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1311998403668702122, articleId=1311998390142071682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, language=CN, title=不同高度垂直风切变环境下模拟的热带气旋外核区对流尺度上升运动特征, columnId=1311998374501511957, journalTitle=大气科学, columnName=论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
利用理想数值模式资料,对比分析了不同高度垂直风切变(简称风切变)影响下热带气旋外核区对流尺度上升运动的特征。结果表明,上升运动在高层和低层风切变环境中呈现不同的特征:(1)低层风切变试验顶高达到12 km以上的上升运动的比例更高,上升运动的垂直质量输送和最大垂直速度更大,与较大的对流有效位能、边界层相当位温和边界层水汽混合比有关。此外,低层风切变、热带气旋主环流诱发的局地风切变和地面冷池之间的相互作用对上升运动的发生发展也产生积极影响。(2)上升运动的径向倾斜与上升运动的顶高和非对称径向流场有关。低层风切变试验穿透性对流上升运动占比较大,顺着风切变象限(简称顺风切)的上升运动受到对流层高层非对称径向出流的影响随高度径向向外倾斜,逆着风切变象限(简称逆风切)的上升运动受到对流层高层非对称径向入流的影响随高度径向向眼区倾斜;高层风切变试验大部分上升运动受到顺风切右侧和逆风切对流层高层非对称径向入流及顺风切左侧对流层中低层非对称径向入流的影响随高度径向向眼区倾斜。(3)低层风切变试验对流层低层以相对对称的径向入流为主,大部分上升运动向眼区移动;高层风切变试验顺风切对流层低层为径向入流,上升运动径向向眼区移动,逆风切对流层低层为径向出流,上升运动径向向外移动。(4)低层风切变试验上升运动的正热力浮力和降水拖曳作用较大,动力浮力以负值为主,导致总浮力从负值到正值分布;高层风切变试验上升运动的正热力浮力和降水拖曳作用较小,动力浮力和总浮力以较小的正值为主。
, authors=方俏娴
1, 李青青
2, 3, 4, authorsList=方俏娴, 李青青, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=李青青, authorNote=
, correspAuthorsNote=
, copyrightStatement=版权所有©《大气科学》编辑部 2026, copyrightOwner=北京中科期刊出版有限公司, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=AnKyL9QBxna9bilAsa4Mmg==, magXml=vP+nyAn3NNc64tyVDMT+OA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=x+hwrw4xtAoykRC4bKeMtQ==, pdfFileSize=11191690, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=ZWm5v660WPxfmw8gse70QA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=USwWWGrjtKk+K12O8QcUJA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1311998406004929464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=beiruoyiqiao@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1311998406118175674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, authorId=1311998406004929464, language=EN, stringName=Qiaoxian FANG, firstName=Qiaoxian, middleName=null, lastName=FANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1广东省气候中心, 广州510641, bio={"content":"
方俏娴,女,硕士、工程师,主要从事灾害性天气特征和机理研究。E-mail: beiruoyiqiao@163.com
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方俏娴,女,硕士、工程师,主要从事灾害性天气特征和机理研究。E-mail: beiruoyiqiao@163.com
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2Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044
3School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044
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2南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 南京210044
3南京信息工程大学大气科学学院, 南京210044
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Structure of typhoon Krosa (0716) outer rainband observed by dual-Doppler radars [J]. Meteor. Mon. (in Chinese), 36(3): 54−61. doi:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2010.3.008, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1311998404738249643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998404750832556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, companyId=1311998404738249643, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1Guangdong Climate Centre, Guangzhou 510641), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998404759221165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, companyId=1311998404738249643, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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3南京信息工程大学大气科学学院, 南京210044)]), AuthorCompany(id=1311998405677773748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998405686162357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, companyId=1311998405677773748, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
4Pacific Typhoon Research Center and Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of the Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1311998405694550966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, companyId=1311998405677773748, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
4南京信息工程大学太平洋台风研究中心和气象灾害教育部重点实验室, 南京210044)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1311998407854617547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
(a) Time (48 h) series of minimum sea level pressure (units: hPa) of TC (Tropical Cyclone) under LLS (Lower Layer Shear) experiment and ULS (Upper Layer Shear) experiment, radar reflectivity (shadings, units: dBZ) for (b) LLS experiment, (c) ULS experiment at the 30th hour at 3-km height after vertical wind shear are imposed simulated by TCM4 model. The inset in Fig. a shows the vertical profiles of zonal winds in LLS experiment and ULS experiment. In Figs. b, c, the arrows represent easterly wind shear., figureFileSmall=xq7wJwKUe/cY3UEmWRlJAg==, figureFileBig=ZWm5v660WPxfmw8gse70QA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998407917532108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
加入风切变后TCM4模式模拟的(a)低层风切变(LLS)、高层风切变(ULS)条件下TC海平面最低气压(单位:hPa)随时间(48 h)的变化曲线,(b)LLS试验和(c)ULS试验第30小时3 km高度的雷达反射率(填色,单位:dBZ)水平分布。图a中,小图表示加入的10 m s−1纬向风廓线。图b、c中,箭头表示东风切变。, figureFileSmall=xq7wJwKUe/cY3UEmWRlJAg==, figureFileBig=ZWm5v660WPxfmw8gse70QA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998408152413133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Percentage in each quadrant for updraft top height in TC outer-core for (a) LLS experiment and (b) ULS experiment. UL, UR, DL, and DR denote upshear left, upshear right, downshear left, and downshear right, respectively., figureFileSmall=V7Rbmm7V2uMMXFSTggKtIA==, figureFileBig=daz7BqpNY6Yq/NV5bMiSkg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998409783997390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
(a)LLS、(b)ULS试验TC外核区不同顶高的上升运动在各象限的比例。UL、UR、DL、DR分别代表逆风切左侧、逆风切右侧、顺风切左侧、顺风切右侧象限。, figureFileSmall=V7Rbmm7V2uMMXFSTggKtIA==, figureFileBig=daz7BqpNY6Yq/NV5bMiSkg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998409897243599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
The 25th–75th percentiles of (a, b) TC outer-core updraft vertically average vertical mass transport (VMT), (c, d) maximum updraft speed, and (e, f) height of maximum upward velocity over a normalized updraft lifetime for LLS experiment (left column) and ULS experiment (right column). CBs denote convective bursts, while Non-CBs denote the other updrafts. The bottom and top of pink, green, and blue shadings represent the 25th and 75th percentiles for CBs, Non-CBs, and all updrafts, respectively, with the solid lines denote the median values., figureFileSmall=t8pm51y7RX55icPerNbeMw==, figureFileBig=dpsoVfHOPFW5Cp59PG3kvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998409968546768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
LLS(左列)、ULS(右列)试验TC外核区上升运动的(a、b)垂直平均垂直质量输送、(c、d)最大上升速度和(e、f)最大上升速度高度在其标准化生命史内第25%~75%分位数分布。CBs为对流爆发,Non-CBs为其他上升运动。粉色、绿色、蓝色阴影区底部和顶部分别表示CBs、Non-CBs、所有上升运动第25%和第75%分位数,实线表示中位数。, figureFileSmall=t8pm51y7RX55icPerNbeMw==, figureFileBig=dpsoVfHOPFW5Cp59PG3kvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410044044241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
KDEs (Kernel Density Estimations) plotted by quadrant (left column) and radius (right column) of azimuthal tilts of TC outer-core updrafts for (a, b) LLS experiment and (c, d) ULS experiment., figureFileSmall=05QPQ/AOPHMtOMWLXUUalw==, figureFileBig=+kmxLZLnZzTJnmLipoGwpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410119541714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
(a、b)LLS和(c、d)ULS试验TC外核区上升运动的方位角倾斜在方位角(左列)和半径(右列)上的KDEs分布。, figureFileSmall=05QPQ/AOPHMtOMWLXUUalw==, figureFileBig=+kmxLZLnZzTJnmLipoGwpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410186650579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
KDEs plotted by quadrant (left column) and radius (right column) of radial tilts of TC outer-core updrafts for (a, b) LLS experiment and (c, d) ULS experiment., figureFileSmall=PI22a8WuLcUUDor//+jwGA==, figureFileBig=H4qdqFVBKB7pTnHvMA7E/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410266342356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
(a、b)LLS和(c、d)ULS试验TC外核区上升运动的径向倾斜在方位角(左列)和半径(右列)上的KDEs分布。, figureFileSmall=PI22a8WuLcUUDor//+jwGA==, figureFileBig=H4qdqFVBKB7pTnHvMA7E/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410341839829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
KDEs plotted by quadrant of radial (left column) and azimuthal (right column) movement speed (units: m s−1) of TC outer-core updrafts for (a, b) LLS experiment and (c, d) ULS experiment., figureFileSmall=Bm9dIMyOR8Y42D21F0BhIg==, figureFileBig=5a2firb0TnnPZBP/dlcSsg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410408948694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
(a、b)LLS和(c、d)ULS试验TC外核区不同方位角的上升运动的径向(左列)和切向(右列)移动速度的KDEs分布。, figureFileSmall=Bm9dIMyOR8Y42D21F0BhIg==, figureFileBig=5a2firb0TnnPZBP/dlcSsg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410480251863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
KDEs plotted by radius of radial (left column) and azimuthal (right column) movement speed (units: m s−1) of TC outer-core updrafts for (a, b) LLS experiment and (c, d) ULS experiment., figureFileSmall=b86X9vfzF1wOIPS6r6KbRA==, figureFileBig=+482ra7Qs3YRe2I5hz7ZWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410564137944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
(a、b)LLS和(c、d)ULS试验TC外核区不同半径的上升运动的径向(左列)和切向(右列)移动速度的KDEs分布。, figureFileSmall=b86X9vfzF1wOIPS6r6KbRA==, figureFileBig=+482ra7Qs3YRe2I5hz7ZWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410631246809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
KDEs plotted by quadrant of vertically averaged (a, e) total buoyancy, (b, f) dynamic buoyancy (DB), (c, g) thermal buoyancy (TB), and (d, h) water loading (WL) of TC outer-core updrafts for LLS experiment (left column) and ULS experiment (right column)., figureFileSmall=tkrVjefquzRWcGXHCy51EA==, figureFileBig=HySjiMA7+8F+4r0Axtbm6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410702549978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
LLS(左列)、ULS(右列)试验TC外核区不同方位角的上升运动的(a、e)总浮力、(b、f)动力浮力(DB)、(c、g)热力浮力(TB)和(d、h)降水拖曳作用(WL)KDEs分布。, figureFileSmall=tkrVjefquzRWcGXHCy51EA==, figureFileBig=HySjiMA7+8F+4r0Axtbm6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410773853147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
KDEs plotted by radius of vertically averaged (a, e) total buoyancy, (b, f) dynamic buoyancy (DB), (c, g) thermal buoyancy (TB), and (d, h) water loading (WL) of TC outer-core updrafts for LLS experiment (left column) and ULS experiment (right column)., figureFileSmall=98Rw/SbjqCxpEwN31WMGng==, figureFileBig=t9hCCsgupiXX1DYhbddBaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410845156316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
LLS(左列)、ULS(右列)试验TC外核区不同半径的上升运动的(a、e)总浮力、(b、f)动力浮力(DB)、(c、g)热力浮力(TB)和(d、h)降水拖曳作用(WL)KDEs分布。, figureFileSmall=98Rw/SbjqCxpEwN31WMGng==, figureFileBig=t9hCCsgupiXX1DYhbddBaw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410903876573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Temporally averaged within 48 h after the imposition of easterly wind shear of (a, b) CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy, units: J kg−1), boundary-layer (0.1–0.96 km) vertically averaged (c, d) equivalent potential temperature (EPT, units: K) and (e, f) water vapor mixing ratio (QV, units: g kg−1) in TC outer-core for LLS experiment (left column) and ULS experiment (right column). The black arrow indicates easterly wind shear., figureFileSmall=NszYLgfGXKrcYnLG2Ekf+A==, figureFileBig=JnqMkknQCl6N7E8LDCVwlA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998410975179742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
LLS(左列)、ULS(右列)试验TC外核区加入东风切变后48 h内时间平均的(a、b)CAPE(单位:J kg−1),边界层(0.1~0.96 km)垂直平均(c、d)相当位温EPT(单位:K)和(e、f)水汽混合比QV(单位:g kg−1)的水平分布。黑色箭头表示东风切变。, figureFileSmall=NszYLgfGXKrcYnLG2Ekf+A==, figureFileBig=JnqMkknQCl6N7E8LDCVwlA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1311998411029705695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
TCM4 (Tropical Cyclone Model version 4) model configuration
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 说明 |
| 水平格点数 | 241×201(第一层,分辨率为54 km) 127×127(第二层,分辨率为18 km) 163×163(第三层,分辨率为6 km) 313×313(第四层,分辨率为2 km) |
| 垂直层数 | 32 |
| 积分步长 | 6 min |
| 边界层方案 | 湍流闭合方案(Langland and Liou, 1996) |
| 云微物理方案 | 显式混合相态云微物理方案(Wang, 2001) |
), ArticleFig(id=1311998411105203168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
TCM4模式参数设置
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 说明 |
| 水平格点数 | 241×201(第一层,分辨率为54 km) 127×127(第二层,分辨率为18 km) 163×163(第三层,分辨率为6 km) 313×313(第四层,分辨率为2 km) |
| 垂直层数 | 32 |
| 积分步长 | 6 min |
| 边界层方案 | 湍流闭合方案(Langland and Liou, 1996) |
| 云微物理方案 | 显式混合相态云微物理方案(Wang, 2001) |
), ArticleFig(id=1311998411163923425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
User-specified parameters for the identification of convective-scale updrafts
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 说明 | 阈值 |
| 最低层 | SPOUT算法扫描的最低层 | 模式第六层(高度为0.96 km) |
| 总垂直层数 | SPOUT算法扫描的总垂直层数 | 18(最高到14.7 km) |
| 最小上升速度 | 垂直速度识别阈值 | 1.0 m s−1 |
| 最大水平距离 | 连续两个高度层的最大垂直速度所在格点的最大水平距离 | 2个格点(4 km) |
| 最小厚度 | 上升运动在垂直方向上的最小厚度 | 4层(1.4~3.1 km) |
| 最大水平移动距离 | 连续两个时次的三维上升运动的最大水平移动距离 | 5个格点(10 km) |
| 最小垂直层数 | 连续两个时次的三维上升运动的最小垂直层数 | 6层 |
| 最短生命史 | SPOUT算法输出的上升运动的最短生命史 | 3个时次(18 min) |
), ArticleFig(id=1311998411235226594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1311385791232049272, articleId=1311998390142071682, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
识别对流尺度上升运动的参数阈值设置
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 说明 | 阈值 |
| 最低层 | SPOUT算法扫描的最低层 | 模式第六层(高度为0.96 km) |
| 总垂直层数 | SPOUT算法扫描的总垂直层数 | 18(最高到14.7 km) |
| 最小上升速度 | 垂直速度识别阈值 | 1.0 m s−1 |
| 最大水平距离 | 连续两个高度层的最大垂直速度所在格点的最大水平距离 | 2个格点(4 km) |
| 最小厚度 | 上升运动在垂直方向上的最小厚度 | 4层(1.4~3.1 km) |
| 最大水平移动距离 | 连续两个时次的三维上升运动的最大水平移动距离 | 5个格点(10 km) |
| 最小垂直层数 | 连续两个时次的三维上升运动的最小垂直层数 | 6层 |
| 最短生命史 | SPOUT算法输出的上升运动的最短生命史 | 3个时次(18 min) |
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