Article(id=1205158526038548509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, issueId=1205158521005384666, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19457/j.1001-2095.dqcd25585, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1703779200000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-29, revisedDate=1710950400000, revisedDateStr=2024-03-21, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1765261783370, onlineDateStr=2025-12-09, pubDate=1724083200000, pubDateStr=2024-08-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1765261783370, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1765261783370, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765261783370, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1205158521005384666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, year='2024', volume='54', issue='8', pageStart='3', pageEnd='96', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1765261782170, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1765261980641, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1205159353524400961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, issueId=1205158521005384666, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1205159353524400962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, issueId=1205158521005384666, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=19, endPage=26, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1205158526327955501, articleId=1205158526038548509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, language=EN, title=Hexagon Trajectory Flux-weakening Control Strategy for Permanent Magnet Assisted SynRM, columnId=null, journalTitle=Electric Drive, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

When the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor(PMaSynRM)runs at high-speed with flux-weakening control,the DC bus voltage utilization is not high,and the efficiency and torque output capacity of the motor are low. Therefore,a flux-weakening control strategy of permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor based on hexagonal trajectory was proposed. Firstly,based on the d-q axis equivalent circuit of the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor,the voltage and current constraints of the flux-weakening process were derived,and the root cause of the flux-weakening control to improve the speed regulation ability of the motor was proved. Secondly,in order to give full play to the advantages of high-power density under high-speed operation of permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor,the over-modulation algorithm was derived. It was applied to the flux-weakening operation of permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor to achieve higher DC bus voltage utilization. Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by simulation.

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永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机在高速工况弱磁运行时,直流母线电压利用率不高,电机的效率与转矩输出能力较低。为此,提出了一种基于六边形轨迹的永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机弱磁控制策略。首先,以永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机的d-q轴等效电路为基础,推导了弱磁过程的电压和电流约束,证明弱磁控制提升电机调速能力的根本原因。其次,为充分发挥永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机高速运行下功率密度较高的优势,进而推导过调制算法。并将其应用于永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机的弱磁操作中,以实现更高的直流母线电压利用率。最后,通过仿真验证所提出方法的有效性。

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杨凯(1976—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为电力牵引与驱动电机,Email:
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李伟(2000—),男,硕士,主要研究方向为电机弱磁控制,Email:

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李伟(2000—),男,硕士,主要研究方向为电机弱磁控制,Email:

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李伟(2000—),男,硕士,主要研究方向为电机弱磁控制,Email:

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language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=弱磁控制), Keyword(id=1205172815113728279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1205158526038548509, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机), Keyword(id=1205172815206002971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1205158526038548509, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=电压利用率), Keyword(id=1205172815281500445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1205158526038548509, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=过调制)], refs=[Reference(id=1205172819572273537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1205158526038548509, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=8, issue=1, pageStart=1313, pageEnd=1325, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=ZHANG G, XIANG R, WANG G, journalName=IEEE Transaction on Transport Electrific, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG G, XIANG R, WANG G, et al. 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基于六边形轨迹的永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机弱磁控制策略
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李伟 , 罗成 , 杨凯 , 王旭明 , 邱凌烽 , 黄煜昊
电气传动 | 交流电机与变换器高性能控制专栏 2024,54(8): 19-26
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电气传动 | 交流电机与变换器高性能控制专栏 2024, 54(8): 19-26
基于六边形轨迹的永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机弱磁控制策略
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李伟 , 罗成, 杨凯 , 王旭明, 邱凌烽, 黄煜昊
作者信息
  • 华中科技大学 电气与电子工程学院,湖北 武汉 430074
  • 李伟(2000—),男,硕士,主要研究方向为电机弱磁控制,Email:

通讯作者:

杨凯(1976—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为电力牵引与驱动电机,Email:
Hexagon Trajectory Flux-weakening Control Strategy for Permanent Magnet Assisted SynRM
Wei LI , Cheng LUO, Kai YANG , Xuming WANG, Lingfeng QIU, Yuhao HUANG
Affiliations
  • School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China
出版时间: 2024-08-20 doi: 10.19457/j.1001-2095.dqcd25585
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永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机在高速工况弱磁运行时,直流母线电压利用率不高,电机的效率与转矩输出能力较低。为此,提出了一种基于六边形轨迹的永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机弱磁控制策略。首先,以永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机的d-q轴等效电路为基础,推导了弱磁过程的电压和电流约束,证明弱磁控制提升电机调速能力的根本原因。其次,为充分发挥永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机高速运行下功率密度较高的优势,进而推导过调制算法。并将其应用于永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机的弱磁操作中,以实现更高的直流母线电压利用率。最后,通过仿真验证所提出方法的有效性。

弱磁控制  /  永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机  /  电压利用率  /  过调制

When the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor(PMaSynRM)runs at high-speed with flux-weakening control,the DC bus voltage utilization is not high,and the efficiency and torque output capacity of the motor are low. Therefore,a flux-weakening control strategy of permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor based on hexagonal trajectory was proposed. Firstly,based on the d-q axis equivalent circuit of the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor,the voltage and current constraints of the flux-weakening process were derived,and the root cause of the flux-weakening control to improve the speed regulation ability of the motor was proved. Secondly,in order to give full play to the advantages of high-power density under high-speed operation of permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor,the over-modulation algorithm was derived. It was applied to the flux-weakening operation of permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor to achieve higher DC bus voltage utilization. Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by simulation.

flux-weakening control  /  permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor(PMaSynRM)  /  voltage utilization  /  over-modulation
李伟, 罗成, 杨凯, 王旭明, 邱凌烽, 黄煜昊. 基于六边形轨迹的永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机弱磁控制策略. 电气传动, 2024 , 54 (8) : 19 -26 . DOI: 10.19457/j.1001-2095.dqcd25585
Wei LI, Cheng LUO, Kai YANG, Xuming WANG, Lingfeng QIU, Yuhao HUANG. Hexagon Trajectory Flux-weakening Control Strategy for Permanent Magnet Assisted SynRM[J]. Electric Drive, 2024 , 54 (8) : 19 -26 . DOI: 10.19457/j.1001-2095.dqcd25585
永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机(permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor,PMaSynRM)结合了同步磁阻电机(synchronous reluctance motor,SynRM)和永磁同步电机(permanent magnet synchronous motor,PMSM)两者的优点,具有成本低、结构坚固、体积小、重量轻、调速范围宽等优点,越来越受到人们的关注[1-2]。由于稀土材料的价格逐年升高,无稀土材料的PMaSynRM目前在国内外的发展极为迅速,但目前对PMaSynRM的研究仍集中在低功率、低转速领域,未能充分发挥PMaSynRM宽调速范围、高功率密度的优势[3]。在文献[4]中,提出了一种基于转子磁场定向控制(field oriented control,FOC)系统的简化电机模型,磁场电流和转矩电流在恒定转矩、恒定功率和恒定电压区域的分布可以通过结合电压和电流限制来导出,可以获得最大的输出转矩。在许多工业应用中,高速控制是PMaSynRM驱动器的重要技术之一。采用弱磁(flux weakening,FW)控制来提高PMaSynRM驱动器在高速区域的电压利用率,它有望在有限的定子电流和直流母线电压下实现最大输出转矩。文献[5]提出了一种基本的弱磁策略,旨在使电机在高于额定转速时保持恒定的反电动势,使磁场电流与速度成反比。这就是传统的“1/ ω弱磁法”。文献[6]将这种方法应用于定子磁场定向感应电机驱动系统,解决了弱磁加速度的问题。虽然这种方法在工程中很容易实现,但它没有考虑FW过程中电机参数变化对电流的影响,电机的电流不能根据负载实时变化,速度范围有限,无法获得最大转矩输出。
文献[7]结合每安培最大电流(maximum torque per ampere,MTPA)控制和弱磁控制,对弱磁控制中idiq的变化进行了推导,并将计算结果应用在PMaSynRM,实现了电机在基速以上的平稳调速。文献[8]以转矩预测控制(torque predictive control,TPC)为基础,提出了TPC-FW控制方法,在弱磁区建立了TPC价值函数,通过在控制过程中实时切换价值函数,实现PMaSynRM的全速域运行,得到了更高的动态性能和收敛速度。但是文献[7-8]的弱磁控制仍是在较低速范围进行控制,没有与过调制算法相结合,功率密度较低,调速范围较窄。
通过过调制算法可以实现更高的母线电压利用率。在文献[9]中,提出了一种基于空间电压矢量调制(space vector pulse width modulation,SVPWM)的永磁同步电机直接转矩控制方法,引入SVPWM调制后电机具有更高的功率因数,有效降低了转矩脉动。文献[10]提出了一种新的电压控制回路,用于每安培最大转矩(maximum torque per voltage,MTPV)控制,以使电机运行符合电流和电压额定限制。文献[9-10]分别采用过调制算法和弱磁控制来提升转矩输出能力,取得了显著的效果,但是弱磁控制可以最大效率地利用和分配dq轴电流,在此基础上采用过调制算法可以进一步提高电压利用率。本文提出了一种基于六边形轨迹过调制的FW控制方案,以提高电压利用率和最大输出转矩,实现更高的调速范围和功率密度,最后进行了仿真验证,仿真结果验证了猜想。
基于坐标变化等理论,可以通过如下推导来简化PMaSynRM的基本方程:
u s d = R s i s d - ω e Ψ s q + p Ψ s d u s q = R s i s q + ω e Ψ s d + p Ψ s q
式中:usdusq分别为dq轴定子电压;isdisq分别为dq轴定子电流;Rs为定子电阻; ω e为同步角频率; Ψ s d ,   Ψ s q分别为dq轴磁链;p为微分算子。
基于式(1),在不考虑磁路饱和及铁心损耗的情况下,可以导出dq轴的等效电路,电路如图1所示。
在同步d-q坐标系中,通过解耦磁链和转矩获得的PMaSynRM的简化定子电压方程为
u s d = R s i s d - ω e L q i s q + p L d h i s d u s q = R s i s q + ω e L d i s d + p L q h i s q + ω e Ψ f
式中:LdLq分别为dq轴电感;LdhLqh分别为dq轴增量电感; Ψ f为转子磁通。
忽略定子电阻压降和瞬态项,式(2)可以简化为
u s d = - ω e L q i s q u s q = ω e ( L d i s d + Ψ f )
在PMaSynRM驱动系统中,电压约束和电流约束可以表示为
u s d 2 + u s q 2 u s , m a x 2 i s d 2 + i s q 2 i s , m a x 2
式中:us,maxis,max分别为最大电压和最大电流。
为了分析弱磁区域的最大转矩,式(4)可以改写为
u s d 2 + u s q 2 u s , m a x 2 ( u s d ω e L q ) 2 + ( u s q - ω e Ψ f ω e L d ) 2 i s , m a x 2 u s d u s , m a x / 2
电压约束是圆形,而电流约束是椭圆,其随着操作速度的增加而扩展。为了在磁场削弱区域实现最大输出转矩,电压矢量应沿着电压限制圆的边界移动。
输出转矩可计算为
T e = 3 2 n p i s q [ Ψ f + ( L d - L q ) i s d ]
式中: n p为极对数。
空间电压矢量调制方法侧重于获得电机的圆形旋转磁通量,并通过将6个基本电压矢量和2个零矢量相结合来实现电机的可变电压和频率控制。
逆变器输出电压的线性调制区域中的基本电压矢量的最大值为 U d c / 3。而通过过调制技术,它可以达到的最大幅度为 2 U d c / π,比线性调制高10.27%。它可以提高电机的负载能力和响应速度,特别是对于电机的弱磁操作。
三相逆变器通过不同的开关方式可以获得6个有效的基本电压矢量和2个零电压矢量,如图2所示。
SVPWM控制算法将平面划分为6个扇区。参考电压矢量基于其所在扇区级的相邻扇区的基本电压矢量和零矢量进行等效合成,矢量的作用时间基于伏秒平衡来计算。
图2中参考矢量所在的扇区为例,相邻矢量的时间计算如下式:
t 1 = 3 T p w m U * U d c s i n ( π 3 - θ ) t 2 = 3 T p w m U * U d c s i n θ t 0 = T p w m - t 1 - t 2
式中:Udc为直流母线电压; | U * | θ分别为参考电压矢量的幅度和相位角;Tpwm为脉冲宽度调制(pulse width modulation,PWM)控制周期;t1t2t0分别为基本电压矢量和零矢量的作用时间。
同样,可以获得其他扇区的工作时间。
t1t2的约束条件如下:
t 1 + t 2 T p w m
将式(7)代入式(8)得到:
U * U d c 3 c o s π / 6 - θ
从式(9)可以看出,逆变器可以在电压矢量的正六边形边界内输出电压矢量。当参考电压矢量超过六边形边界时,根据式(7),可以看出t1+t2>Tpwm,然后,电机进入过调制区域,需要进行过调制处理。
为了确定过调制控制的不同阶段,定义过调制指数MI如下式:
M I = U s 2 U d c / π
式中:Us为电压矢量的模。
可根据MI的取值将整个弱磁控制过程分为不同的阶段。
在转子FOC系统中,电压通常通过电流闭环调节进行精确控制,电流调节器可以根据电流变化为变化提供参考电压矢量。根据文献[11-12]中参考电压矢量的控制方法,需要合理划分电压范围来切换电流变化,确保电压矢量切换的平滑。通过精确设计的算法,获得了一种在弱磁过程中具有高控制精度和平稳切换的全电压SVPWM控制策略。
整个过调制过程可以分为3个区间,如图2所示。区间Ⅰ:MI≤0.906 9, U * U d c / 3,是指参考电压矢量位于六边形切圆内的区域。区间Ⅱ:0.906 9≤MI≤0.951 4, U d c / 3 U * 1.05 U d c / 3,是指参考电压矢量位于六边形的内切圆和外切圆内的区域,由基波幅值等效原则,此时仅需要控制电压矢量的幅值即可满足运行需求。区域Ⅲ:0.951 4≤MI≤1, 1.05 U d c / 3 U * 2 U d c / π,此时参考电压矢量也位于六边形内接圆和外接圆之间,但调制过程中需要同时改变电压矢量的幅值和相位,当MI=1时,电压矢量只指向六边形的各个顶点,且持续时间占总时间的1/6。参考电压矢量在不同间隔中的轨迹如图3所示。
区间Ⅰ是线性调制区域,通过根据式(7)计算每个基本电压矢量的作用时间来进行PWM控制。逆变器可以输出的最大电压矢量幅度为 U d c / 3。区间Ⅱ和区间Ⅲ是过调制区域, U * U ' * U 1 * U 1 ' *在图中分别表示给定的参考电压矢量和校正后的实际输出电压矢量。
将上述方法与转矩最大化输出的基本特性相结合,采用传统的矢量控制双闭环控制策略来分配电机的磁场电流和转矩电流,相应的控制框图如图4所示。矢量控制中的双闭环控制不仅可以快速响应电机速度的变化,而且可以实现更宽的速度范围。dq轴电流的闭环使其易于实现更精确的磁场和转矩控制,从而提高了系统的稳定性。图4中所采用的弱磁策略算法设计如图5所示。
当电机运行在区间Ⅰ时,采用MTPA控制,在区间Ⅱ和区间Ⅲ,采用转速环控制,并结合过调制算法计算d轴电流参考值idref,以实现PMaSynRM的全频域弱磁控制策略。
基于转子FOC的PMaSynRM在弱磁区实现大范围恒功率运行的关键是合理分配磁场电流分量和转矩电流分量。电机可以在全频率范围内实现最大转矩输出能力。由于磁阻转矩分量的存在,PMaSynRM可以获得更高的输出功率。
PMaSynRM的全频工作范围可分为恒转矩区和弱磁控制区(恒功率区和恒电压区),如图6所示。
电机处于额定转速以下的恒转矩区,其中电机的反电动势小于最大电压Usmax。电动机的运行仅受电动机的最大电流或逆变器的最大电流ismax的限制。最大输出转矩为Temax,并且输出转矩可以保持恒定。输出功率随着速度的增加而逐渐增加。当电机达到额定转速时,由于反电动势接近最大电压Usmax,如果要进一步提高转速,电机将进入弱磁区Ⅰ。此时,电机的运行受到最大电压Usmax和最大电流ismax的限制。目前,在恒功率区工作时,可以输出恒功率,但输出转矩与速度成反比。当电机速度进一步增加时,电机在弱磁区Ⅱ中运行。此时,电动机受到最大电压Usmax的限制,并且由于电动机允许的最小退磁电流,电动机的电流小于ismax。定子相电流随转速逐渐减小,输出转矩和功率也逐渐减小。
基于式(4)、式(5)和式(6),电压约束、电流约束和转矩约束可以在电压框架中化简为
u d 2 + u q 2 u m a x 2 L q 2 ( u q - ω e Ψ f ) 2 + L d 2 u d 2 L d 2 L q 2 ω e 2 i m a x 2 ( L d - L q ) u d u q + L q ω e Ψ f u d = - 2 ω e 2 L d L q T e / ( 3 n p )
电压约束、电流约束和转矩约束可以化简为
L q 2 i q 2 + ( L d i d + Ψ f ) 2 u m a x 2 / ω e 2 i d 2 + i q 2 i m a x 2 ( L d - L q ) i d i q + Ψ f i q = 2 T e / ( 3 n p )
根据式(11),电压约束、电流约束以及PMaSynRM操作点在FW控制期间如图7所示。根据式(11)和式(12),FW运行期间的电压约束、电流约束、转矩约束和PMaSynRM操作点也如图7所示。在图7a中,电压约束椭圆随着同步速度的增加而逐渐减小。当PMaSynRM工作点接近Q点时,表示满足电压和电流约束。从Q点到P点,FW控制启动以寻求最大电压利用率。随着转速的增加,工作点从P点变为S点,最大转矩输出能力增加。然后,对于图7a中的MTPV,工作点将保持在S点,同时同步速度增加,转矩减小。在图7b中,电流约束的原点向Y轴位置移动,随着同步速度的增加,电流约束椭圆变大。
基于式(3)、式(4)和式(11),Q点的临界速度为
ω e = U m 2 L q 2 ( i m 2 - i d 2 ) + ( L d 2 i d 2 + 2 L d i d Ψ f + Ψ f 2 )
P点的临界速度为
ω e = U m 2 L q 2 i m 2 + Ψ f 2
P点的弱磁已经达到最深点,输出转矩无法增加。理论上,当电压椭圆与电流转矩的相等转矩线相切时,电压极限椭圆将进一步缩小,此时输出转矩必须减小,因为电压椭圆必须与电流相等的转矩线相交才能输出,否则占空比将大于1。
恒转矩曲线的示意图也如图7所示。同一恒转矩曲线上的点表明,不同的电流组合可以使电机输出相同的转矩。可以知道,不同的电流组合可以实现相同的输出转矩。因此,存在允许电动机在整个频率范围内输出最大转矩的最佳电流组合。
系统采用Matlab软件进行仿真测试。选择的电机参数为:额定电压U=75 V;额定电流I=12 A;d轴电感Ld=0.186 mH;q轴电感Lq=0.35 mH;转子磁通Ψf=0.009 1 Wb;极对数np=3。在仿真中,逆变器的直流电压输入为75 V;SVPWM的输入频率为10 kHz。根据式(13)和式(14),P点在弱磁区Ⅰ的临界转速为3 900 r/min,弱磁区Ⅱ的临界转速是4 200 r/min。电机现在以低于额定转速的速度运行,仿真波形如图8所示。
进一步提高给定速度,使电机在弱磁区Ⅰ运行,但如果给定速度小于P点的临界速度,电机将不会进入弱磁区Ⅱ运行,仿真波形如图9所示。
为进一步体现采用过调制的母线电压利用率对弱磁控制的提升效果,对SVPWM模块中是否采用过调制处理进行实验对比。电机d轴电流、转矩和转速的对比结果如图10所示。
图8中可以看出,电机在0.01 s之前启动,在0.01 s到0.07 s之间以1 000 r/min的速度运行,在0.07 s到0.08 s之间加速,在0.08 s到0.2 s之间以4 000 r/min运行。在0.14 s之前,电机空载运行,在0.14 s时施加2.5 N·m的转矩,如图8d所示。PMaSynRM加速阶段采用最大转矩控制,此阶段的最大转矩为5 N·m,在区域A和区域B中,电机运行速度略低于额定速度。
图9中可以看出,电机在0.02 s之前启动,在0.02 s和0.07 s之间以3 500 r/min的速度运行,在0.07 s—0.085 s加速,在0.085 s—0.2 s以7 000 r/min运行。在0.14 s之前,电机空载运行,在0.14 s内施加2.5 N·m的转矩。如图9d所示,在区域A中,电机运行略低于额定转速;在区域B中,电机以更高的速度运行并且运行平稳。电机转矩波形稳定,但由于采取了过调制的控制方法,三相电流总谐波失真相较低速运行时更大。
在低于基速时,电机采用MTPA控制,在电机加速阶段,控制器会增加q轴电流以产生足够的转矩,使电机加速,由于交叉耦合,当q轴电流增加时,它会在d轴上产生一个感应电动势,使d轴电流增加。当电机达到给定速度时,为了节省能量,提高效率,控制器会减少q轴电流,只维持当前所需的转矩输出,并且由于稳态运行时,电机磁通通常是接近恒定的,此时d轴电流会被控制趋近于0。
在高于基速时,电机采用转速环弱磁控制,d轴去磁电流会额外增加,用于削弱电机的磁场,从而允许电机在更高的速度下运行。在电机加速完成后,转速恒定,此时转速环输出恒定,经过PI控制后的q轴电流恒定,d轴电流也维持较低的数值。当施加负载转矩后,经电流环控制,dq轴电流也会动态调整,以维持控制系统稳定。
图10可知,采用过调制算法的弱磁程度要比不采用过调制的弱磁程度更深,具备更宽的调速范围,具体体现在图10a图10b中相同工况下d轴电流的绝对值要更小。图10c~图10f为电机负载能力对比图,实验条件为在0.14 s突加80%负载,可以看出,采用过调制控制下的电机带载能力更强,也证实过调制控制可以使电机输出更大的转矩。在电机电流限制不变的前提下,通过增加母线电压利用率,提高了电机的输出转矩能力。但逆变器输出电压的非线性所带来的谐波干扰,最终会引起转矩的脉动问题,如何消除谐波,或者在电机转矩能力与谐波中做出取舍,是值得进一步研究的问题。
本文通过分析永磁辅助式同步磁阻电机的FW控制原理,建立了基于六边形轨迹的FW控制策略。该电机可以在接近额定速度2倍的速度下稳定运行,具有快速的电流和转矩响应以及高稳定性。
仿真结果表明,所提出的FW控制方法具有稳定的速度调节和快速的速度响应,电机在全速域均具有高动态响应和快速的收敛速度,实现电机转速的平稳控制,与理论分析一致。
  • 国家自然科学基金(52237002)
  • 国家自然科学基金(52207055)
  • 中国博士后科学基金(2022M721232)
  • 中国博士后科学基金(2023T160243)
  • 湖北省重点研发计划(2022BAA097)
  • 湖北省重点研发计划(2022BAA100)
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2024年第54卷第8期
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doi: 10.19457/j.1001-2095.dqcd25585
  • 接收时间:2023-12-29
  • 首发时间:2025-12-09
  • 出版时间:2024-08-20
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-29
  • 修回日期:2024-03-21
基金
国家自然科学基金(52237002)
国家自然科学基金(52207055)
中国博士后科学基金(2022M721232)
中国博士后科学基金(2023T160243)
湖北省重点研发计划(2022BAA097)
湖北省重点研发计划(2022BAA100)
作者信息
    华中科技大学 电气与电子工程学院,湖北 武汉 430074

通讯作者:

杨凯(1976—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为电力牵引与驱动电机,Email:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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