Article(id=1200394760474194463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, issueId=1200394757995360759, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19457/j.1001-2095.dqcd25288, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1690473600000, receivedDateStr=2023-07-28, revisedDate=1713801600000, revisedDateStr=2024-04-23, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1764126013152, onlineDateStr=2025-11-26, pubDate=1742400000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764126013152, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764126013152, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764126013152, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1200394757995360759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, year='2025', volume='55', issue='3', pageStart='3', pageEnd='96', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1764126012562, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764148644802, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200489684553027930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, issueId=1200394757995360759, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200489684553027931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, issueId=1200394757995360759, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=54, endPage=63, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1200394760784572971, articleId=1200394760474194463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, language=EN, title=Study of Evolution Path of Frequency Modulation Technology in East China Power Grid Considering Subjective and Objective Factors of Frequency Disturbance Events, columnId=null, journalTitle=Electric Drive, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
The rapid increase in the proportion of renewable energy in the East China Power Grid System and the continuous decline in the rotational inertia and frequency modulation resources in the system will pose a threat to the system's frequency immunity and stability. The existing research focuses on the development and application of renewable energy system inertia and primary frequency modulation technology,while there is less research on the medium and long-term development priorities of multiple renewable energy frequency response technologies such as wind power,photovoltaic,and energy storage. Therefore,a research on the evolution path of collaborative frequency modulation technology in the East China Power Grid System was proposed. Firstly,based on the disturbance events of the East China Power Grid over the years,the system's multi-source collaborative frequency response system was analyzed,and the influencing factors of various frequency modulation entities in the disturbance events were quantitatively analyzed by decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL)model. Secondly,the development priority and optimal evolution path of collaborative frequency modulation technology in East China Power Grid were prospectively analyzed based on the weight distribution of influencing factors,providing a theoretical basis for the orderly development of renewable energy frequency modulation technology in East China Power Grid. This has consolidated the frequency security of the East China Power Grid under the high proportion of new energy feeds.
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华东电力系统新能源占比快速提升,系统中的旋转惯量与调频资源不断下降,将对系统频率的抗扰性和稳定性造成威胁。现有研究集中于新能源系统惯量及一次调频技术的开发与应用,对风电、光伏、储能等多种新能源频率响应技术的中长期发展优先级研究较少。为此,展开了华东电网系统的协同调频技术演进路径研究。首先,基于华东电网历年扰动事件分析了系统多源协同频率响应体系,通过构建决策实验室模型量化分析了各调频主体在扰动事件中的影响因素。其次,以影响因素为权重分配前瞻性地分析了华东电网协同调频技术的发展优先级及其最优演化路径,为华东电网新能源调频技术的有序发展提供了理论基础,可支撑华东电网在新能源高比例馈入下的频率安全性。
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1 East China Branch of State Grid Corporation of China,Shanghai 200120,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200488834870923365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, companyId=1200488834849951843, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1 国家电网有限公司华东分部,上海 200120)]), AuthorCompany(id=1200488834967392360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200488834971586665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, companyId=1200488834967392360, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 College of Electrical Engineering,Shanghai University of Electric Power,Shanghai 200090,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200488834979975274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, companyId=1200488834967392360, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 上海电力大学 电气工程学院,上海 200090)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1200488839048450239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Frequency response model of power system, figureFileSmall=SGEk76Mhl3WC0dKJMVaxvQ==, figureFileBig=OHrfIraztsA5gGHNOX+BMQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488839161696449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
电力系统频率动态响应数学模型, figureFileSmall=SGEk76Mhl3WC0dKJMVaxvQ==, figureFileBig=OHrfIraztsA5gGHNOX+BMQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488839274942660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
DEMATEL-AISM calculation flow chart, figureFileSmall=5YjbpkAQimaDL8VSG3ngaA==, figureFileBig=ogugdNSSnQsjzDx9TOLSrg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488839388188870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
DEMATEL-AISM法计算流程图, figureFileSmall=5YjbpkAQimaDL8VSG3ngaA==, figureFileBig=ogugdNSSnQsjzDx9TOLSrg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488839488852169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
UP hierarchical topology, figureFileSmall=nhQr8Yriw25Qgg5gGLUF/Q==, figureFileBig=gMfW4bAEkXavDQenShHwJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488839551766732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
UP型层级拓扑图, figureFileSmall=nhQr8Yriw25Qgg5gGLUF/Q==, figureFileBig=gMfW4bAEkXavDQenShHwJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488839618875598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
DOWN hierarchical topology, figureFileSmall=oL6AbOSUNa3X2qYR2dk6XQ==, figureFileBig=EIFwuP+eKG9x88L5d+iw+w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488839698567376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
DOWN型层级拓扑图, figureFileSmall=oL6AbOSUNa3X2qYR2dk6XQ==, figureFileBig=EIFwuP+eKG9x88L5d+iw+w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488839769870546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Flowchart of FM capacity optimization algorithm, figureFileSmall=z3fk5hk//yyVvOQ/W3v/wQ==, figureFileBig=pdaVU4PyBQDWWgNhd73vWQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488839853756625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
调频容量优化算法流程图, figureFileSmall=z3fk5hk//yyVvOQ/W3v/wQ==, figureFileBig=pdaVU4PyBQDWWgNhd73vWQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488839967002837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Installed renewable energy capacity of East China Power Grid in the past three years, figureFileSmall=DiTBqbGonWh7/TYbnGmjIw==, figureFileBig=sSBJuAv9FAAZnOEOngdV1g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488840155746517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
华东电网近三年的新能源装机容量, figureFileSmall=DiTBqbGonWh7/TYbnGmjIw==, figureFileBig=sSBJuAv9FAAZnOEOngdV1g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488840239632599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Proportion of FM resource capacity at maximum FM capacity, figureFileSmall=z99yt6PBX1O5VDFS8p0eNQ==, figureFileBig=yrMO9mpEhpaE5efgGj5KcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488840352878809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
有效调频容量最大时各调频资源装机容量占比, figureFileSmall=z99yt6PBX1O5VDFS8p0eNQ==, figureFileBig=yrMO9mpEhpaE5efgGj5KcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488840440959196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Proportion of FM resource capacity at optimal economic efficiency, figureFileSmall=PLXrblkKbIqwwYTxvFYoFw==, figureFileBig=3AH/bIUJxJvvJ9m2jp/wYw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488840524845279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
经济性最优时各调频资源装机容量占比, figureFileSmall=PLXrblkKbIqwwYTxvFYoFw==, figureFileBig=3AH/bIUJxJvvJ9m2jp/wYw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488840633897186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Percentage increase in storage capacity at maximum FM capacity, figureFileSmall=0tO4VxsXF4Ut7NPbTLIxPg==, figureFileBig=UiQq5fw2+J4odiHmq7rDWQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488840768114917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
有效调频容量最大时储能、抽水蓄能装机容量提升百分比, figureFileSmall=0tO4VxsXF4Ut7NPbTLIxPg==, figureFileBig=UiQq5fw2+J4odiHmq7rDWQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488840843612392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Percentage increase in savings capacity when economy is optimal, figureFileSmall=58RVmRsj/XqIWr3+gRowSQ==, figureFileBig=md+BgheAfdziMmD+x4WzlQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488840973635818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
经济性最优时储能、抽水蓄能装机容量提升百分比, figureFileSmall=58RVmRsj/XqIWr3+gRowSQ==, figureFileBig=md+BgheAfdziMmD+x4WzlQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488841065910508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
Percentage increase in photovoltaic and wind power capacity under maximum FM capacity, figureFileSmall=ci36SprPm5OUPGNh1fZOxA==, figureFileBig=YsJoLILhjpTtnBLZce6cWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488841166573807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
有效调频容量最大时光伏与风电装机容量提升百分比, figureFileSmall=ci36SprPm5OUPGNh1fZOxA==, figureFileBig=YsJoLILhjpTtnBLZce6cWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488841258848496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
Percentage increase in photovoltaic and wind power capacity at optimal economic efficiency, figureFileSmall=ldmfSsmPuPAfTNjBjqQHiA==, figureFileBig=F1E2L8zAcNvN4+Ayn7xliA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488841363706099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
经济性最优时光伏与风电装机容量提升百分比, figureFileSmall=ldmfSsmPuPAfTNjBjqQHiA==, figureFileBig=F1E2L8zAcNvN4+Ayn7xliA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488841460175094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=
Optimal of installed capacity of each FM resource, figureFileSmall=0SqG/tzFsfO7yQjGvNRIiw==, figureFileBig=uirEu5F/duW6eMck81HOtA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488841527283958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=图13, caption=
各调频资源装机容量最优配置, figureFileSmall=0SqG/tzFsfO7yQjGvNRIiw==, figureFileBig=uirEu5F/duW6eMck81HOtA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200488842672328954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Installed capacity of each energy source
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 调频资源 | 装机容量/万kW | 权重占比 |
| 火电机组 | 27 567.7 | 0.695 8 |
| 水电机组 | 2 041.1 | 0.051 5 |
| 抽水蓄能机组 | 1 156 | 0.029 2 |
| 风电机组 | 2 683 | 0.067 7 |
| 光伏机组 | 3 286 | 0.082 9 |
| 其他 | 2 883.7 | 0.072 8 |
), ArticleFig(id=1200488842831712507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
系统各能源装机容量
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 调频资源 | 装机容量/万kW | 权重占比 |
| 火电机组 | 27 567.7 | 0.695 8 |
| 水电机组 | 2 041.1 | 0.051 5 |
| 抽水蓄能机组 | 1 156 | 0.029 2 |
| 风电机组 | 2 683 | 0.067 7 |
| 光伏机组 | 3 286 | 0.082 9 |
| 其他 | 2 883.7 | 0.072 8 |
), ArticleFig(id=1200488842894627069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
System frequency change influencing factors assessment indicators
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 因素 | D | C | Mi | Ri |
| 旋转机组容量 | 2.437 | 0.875 | 3.312 | 1.562 |
| 旋转机组容量占比 | 2.278 | 1.95 | 4.228 | 0.328 |
| 新能源机组容量 | 1.504 | 0.881 | 2.385 | 0.623 |
| 新能源机组容量占比 | 2.064 | 1.974 | 4.039 | 0.09 |
| K值 | 0 | 0.354 | 0.354 | -0.354 |
| 机组实际输出功率 | 0.419 | 1.531 | 1.95 | -1.112 |
| 机组备用容量 | 0.417 | 1.537 | 1.954 | -1.121 |
| 扰动大小(损失功率) | 0.292 | 0.212 | 0.504 | 0.08 |
| 直流功率 | 0.709 | 1.44 | 2.149 | -0.731 |
| 扰动位置(故障类型) | 0.635 | 0 | 0.635 | 0.635 |
), ArticleFig(id=1200488842982707455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
系统频率变化影响因素评估指标
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 因素 | D | C | Mi | Ri |
| 旋转机组容量 | 2.437 | 0.875 | 3.312 | 1.562 |
| 旋转机组容量占比 | 2.278 | 1.95 | 4.228 | 0.328 |
| 新能源机组容量 | 1.504 | 0.881 | 2.385 | 0.623 |
| 新能源机组容量占比 | 2.064 | 1.974 | 4.039 | 0.09 |
| K值 | 0 | 0.354 | 0.354 | -0.354 |
| 机组实际输出功率 | 0.419 | 1.531 | 1.95 | -1.112 |
| 机组备用容量 | 0.417 | 1.537 | 1.954 | -1.121 |
| 扰动大小(损失功率) | 0.292 | 0.212 | 0.504 | 0.08 |
| 直流功率 | 0.709 | 1.44 | 2.149 | -0.731 |
| 扰动位置(故障类型) | 0.635 | 0 | 0.635 | 0.635 |
), ArticleFig(id=1200488843062399233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=
Weights of factors affecting frequency changes
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 因素 | 权重 占比 | 因素 | 权重 占比 |
| 旋转机组容量 | 0.158 9 | 机组实际 输出功率 | 0.097 2 |
旋转机组容量 占比 | 0.183 7 | 机组备用容量 | 0.097 6 |
| 新能源机组容量 | 0.106 8 | 扰动大小 (损失功率) | 0.022 1 |
新能源机组容量 占比 | 0.175 0 | 直流功率 | 0.098 3 |
| K值 | 0.021 7 | 扰动位置 (故障类型) | 0.038 9 |
), ArticleFig(id=1200488843154673923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
系统频率变化影响因素权重占比
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 因素 | 权重 占比 | 因素 | 权重 占比 |
| 旋转机组容量 | 0.158 9 | 机组实际 输出功率 | 0.097 2 |
旋转机组容量 占比 | 0.183 7 | 机组备用容量 | 0.097 6 |
| 新能源机组容量 | 0.106 8 | 扰动大小 (损失功率) | 0.022 1 |
新能源机组容量 占比 | 0.175 0 | 直流功率 | 0.098 3 |
| K值 | 0.021 7 | 扰动位置 (故障类型) | 0.038 9 |
), ArticleFig(id=1200488843225977093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=
Weighting of each FM capacity
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 火储调频 容量 | 风储调频容量 | 光伏 | 集中式储能 | 抽水 蓄能 |
权重 占比 | 0.462 3 | 0.340 8 | 0.086 4 | 0.076 5 | 0.034 0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1200488843305668872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, articleId=1200394760474194463, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
各调频资源容量的权重占比
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 火储调频 容量 | 风储调频容量 | 光伏 | 集中式储能 | 抽水 蓄能 |
权重 占比 | 0.462 3 | 0.340 8 | 0.086 4 | 0.076 5 | 0.034 0 |
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