Article(id=1190325455703085153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, issueId=1190325454285410397, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19457/j.1001-2095.dqcd25439, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1697644800000, receivedDateStr=2023-10-19, revisedDate=1703174400000, revisedDateStr=2023-12-22, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1761725303817, onlineDateStr=2025-10-29, pubDate=1737302400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1761725303817, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1761725303817, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761725303817, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1190325454285410397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, year='2025', volume='55', issue='1', pageStart='3', pageEnd='96', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1761725303479, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761725303479, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null}, startPage=33, endPage=40, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1190325455883440229, articleId=1190325455703085153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189987059142926344, language=EN, title=Research on the Application of Direct Drive Wave Energy Power Generation in Ocean Monitoring Equipment, columnId=null, journalTitle=Electric Drive, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Aiming at the problems of insufficient stability and low power generation efficiency of the existing power supply means for offshore ocean observation equipment,and low power density of direct drive wave energy power generation device due to the low running speed of ocean waves,it proposed to apply the magnetic lead screw(MLS) as a speed increasing device in the field of wave energy power generation,and based on its topology,the magnetic vector potential energy theory was introduced to establish a two-dimensional magnetic field analytical model,and the speed increasing operation mechanism of the magnetic lead screw was expounded. On this basis,the structure of surface-mounted magnetic lead screw was optimized and its thrust and torque performance was analyzed. Meanwhile,a magnetic lead screw composite generator was designed according to the optimization results,and the output power was compared with that of a cylindrical external permanent magnet linear generator under different wave speeds and load conditions. The simulation results show that the output power of the magnetic lead screw composite generator under the same volume was greatly improved compared with that of the cylindrical external permanent magnet linear generator in the low-speed wave motion condition,which is more suitable for the low-speed and large-thrust direct drive wave energy power generation field.

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针对离岸海洋观测装备现有供电手段稳定性不足、发电效率低,海洋波浪运行速度低导致的直驱式波浪能发电装置功率密度低等问题,提出将磁力丝杠作为增速装置应用在波浪能发电领域,并根据其拓扑结构,引入磁矢量势能理论建立二维磁场解析模型,推导阐述磁力丝杠的增速运行机理。在此基础上,对表贴式磁力丝杠结构进行优化,分析其推力与转矩性能。同时,根据优化结果设计了一种磁力丝杠复合发电机,并与圆筒型外永磁直线发电机在不同波速与负载条件下进行输出功率比较。仿真结果表明,在相同体积下磁力丝杠复合发电机相比较于圆筒型外永磁直线电机在低速波浪运动情况时,输出功率得到了大幅度提升,更适用于低速大推力的直驱式波浪发电领域。

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赵爱博(1984—),男,硕士研究生, 高级工程师,Email:

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赵爱博(1984—),男,硕士研究生, 高级工程师,Email:

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赵爱博(1984—),男,硕士研究生, 高级工程师,Email:

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直驱式波浪能发电在海洋监测设备中的应用研究
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赵爱博 1 , 李子豪 2 , 王紫玄 1 , 李俊辉 2 , 马思远 2
电气传动 | 电力电子 2025,55(1): 33-40
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电气传动 | 电力电子 2025, 55(1): 33-40
直驱式波浪能发电在海洋监测设备中的应用研究
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赵爱博1 , 李子豪2, 王紫玄1, 李俊辉2, 马思远2
作者信息
  • 1 江苏省海涂研究中心,江苏 南京 210036
  • 2 南京工程学院 电力工程学院,江苏 南京 211167
  • 赵爱博(1984—),男,硕士研究生, 高级工程师,Email:

Research on the Application of Direct Drive Wave Energy Power Generation in Ocean Monitoring Equipment
Aibo ZHAO1 , Zihao LI2, Zixuan WANG1, Junhui LI2, Siyuan MA2
Affiliations
  • 1 Jiangsu Coastal Research Center,Nanjing 210036,Jiangsu,China
  • 2 School of Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Engineering,Nanjing 211167,Jiangsu,China
出版时间: 2025-01-20 doi: 10.19457/j.1001-2095.dqcd25439
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针对离岸海洋观测装备现有供电手段稳定性不足、发电效率低,海洋波浪运行速度低导致的直驱式波浪能发电装置功率密度低等问题,提出将磁力丝杠作为增速装置应用在波浪能发电领域,并根据其拓扑结构,引入磁矢量势能理论建立二维磁场解析模型,推导阐述磁力丝杠的增速运行机理。在此基础上,对表贴式磁力丝杠结构进行优化,分析其推力与转矩性能。同时,根据优化结果设计了一种磁力丝杠复合发电机,并与圆筒型外永磁直线发电机在不同波速与负载条件下进行输出功率比较。仿真结果表明,在相同体积下磁力丝杠复合发电机相比较于圆筒型外永磁直线电机在低速波浪运动情况时,输出功率得到了大幅度提升,更适用于低速大推力的直驱式波浪发电领域。

直驱式  /  波能转换器  /  磁力丝杠

Aiming at the problems of insufficient stability and low power generation efficiency of the existing power supply means for offshore ocean observation equipment,and low power density of direct drive wave energy power generation device due to the low running speed of ocean waves,it proposed to apply the magnetic lead screw(MLS) as a speed increasing device in the field of wave energy power generation,and based on its topology,the magnetic vector potential energy theory was introduced to establish a two-dimensional magnetic field analytical model,and the speed increasing operation mechanism of the magnetic lead screw was expounded. On this basis,the structure of surface-mounted magnetic lead screw was optimized and its thrust and torque performance was analyzed. Meanwhile,a magnetic lead screw composite generator was designed according to the optimization results,and the output power was compared with that of a cylindrical external permanent magnet linear generator under different wave speeds and load conditions. The simulation results show that the output power of the magnetic lead screw composite generator under the same volume was greatly improved compared with that of the cylindrical external permanent magnet linear generator in the low-speed wave motion condition,which is more suitable for the low-speed and large-thrust direct drive wave energy power generation field.

direct drive type  /  wave energy converter  /  magnetic lead screw(MLS)
赵爱博, 李子豪, 王紫玄, 李俊辉, 马思远. 直驱式波浪能发电在海洋监测设备中的应用研究. 电气传动, 2025 , 55 (1) : 33 -40 . DOI: 10.19457/j.1001-2095.dqcd25439
Aibo ZHAO, Zihao LI, Zixuan WANG, Junhui LI, Siyuan MA. Research on the Application of Direct Drive Wave Energy Power Generation in Ocean Monitoring Equipment[J]. Electric Drive, 2025 , 55 (1) : 33 -40 . DOI: 10.19457/j.1001-2095.dqcd25439
针对海洋环境的不断恶化,我国积极推动海洋环境监测和治理。离岸海洋观测装备是国家海洋环境监测的重要载体,目前已有的海洋水质监测装备包括:浮标式水质多参数探测器、水质监测船和无人潜水器等。这些水质监测装备可以提供实时、全面的海洋水质数据。然而,由于离岸海洋观测装备内部电池容量有限,无法长时间供电,且其长期漂浮在海面上,在海洋环境下更换电池较为困难,因此,如何在海洋环境下对各个探测节点稳定供电是亟需解决的问题[1-2]。目前普遍的供电方案采用太阳能供电以及风力发电,然而太阳能供电受到天气限制,只适用于在阳光长期充足的海域进行监测,且太阳能电池能量转化效率较低,不能满足离岸海洋观测装备的用电需求。风力发电同样受到天气条件制约,无法给离岸海洋观测装备提供稳定的供电。本文从海洋自身储存的能量考虑,提出利用波浪能来解决离岸海洋观测装备供电问题的手段。
直驱式波浪能发电装置(direct drive wave energy generation device,DD-WEC)采用直线发电机作为能量转化装置可以直接将波浪能转化为电能,消除了中间功率传输单元,大幅简化波浪能发电装置的机械复杂度,提高发电效率和可靠性[3-4]。文献[5]提出一种超导型初级励磁直线发电机,利用 MgB2 材料代替铜材料增加直线电机气隙磁场强度与功率密度。文献[6]提出一种外永磁圆筒型直线电机,通过将永磁体外置的方式增加直线电机的功率密度与气隙磁通。但由于波浪运动速度与频率很低,并且无规则性,因此,对直线电机的低速性能有较高要求。针对以上直驱式波浪发电装置存在的问题,有学者采用增速装置来提高发电装置的运行速度,这样不仅可以提高电机功率密度、减小装置体积,同时还可以提高发电效率[7]。早期增速装置是利用机械丝杠将低速直线运动转化为高速旋转运动,完成发电装置的增速运行。但由于机械丝杠存在机械故障、物理磨损和需要定期维护等问题,导致无法在海面上规模化应用[8]。近年来,随着永磁磁力传动技术的发展,有学者提出了磁力丝杠(magnetic lead screw,MLS) 结构作为增速装置将低速直线运动转换为高速旋转运动[9-10],与传统机械丝杠相比,磁力丝杠具有过载保护、结构简单、振动小、免维护和推力密度高等优点,在航空航天、医疗和新能源发电等领域具有广阔的应用前景[11-12]。本文首先对磁力丝杠(MLS) 磁场进行解析计算,推导阐述磁力丝杠的增速运行机理。然后分析了表贴式磁力丝杠(surface mounted magnetic lead screw,SMMLS) 的电磁性能。此外,基于优化后的 SMMLS 设计了磁力丝杠复合发电机,并与圆筒型外永磁直线发电机进行对比。结果表明,在相同体积下磁力丝杠复合发电机相比于圆筒型外永磁直线电机在低速波浪运动情况时,输出功率得到了大幅的提升。
磁力丝杠由以下几个主要部件组成:动子(螺丝)、转子(螺母)与放置在动子外部和转子内部的一对径向充磁方向相反的螺旋永磁体,其结构如图1所示。
为了进一步说明磁力丝杠的工作原理,通过以下两点假设对动子推力进行解析预测:1)假设磁力丝杠的动子与动子永磁体部分轴向长度为无限大,使得永磁体产生的磁场分布在z方向上具有轴向的对称性与周期性; 2)动子与转子的背铁磁导率为无限大。
磁力丝杆的二维等效图如图2所示。
图2中,τp为极距,Lm为永磁体宽度,Hm为永磁体厚度,Lt为转子长度,Hr为背铁厚度,g为气隙长度,Rr为动子内径,Rs为转子外径,Rm为动子外径,Zd为轴向位移。从图1可以看出,磁场仅在气隙与永磁体中存在,故只需分析气隙和永磁体两个区域。假设空气区域磁导率为μ0,永磁体区域磁导率μ0 μr,可得磁感应强度B如下:
1)在永磁体区域时,有:
B=μ0M+μ0μrH
其中 M=Bremμ0
式中:M为剩余磁化强度;Brem为剩余磁感应强度。
2)在气隙区域时,有:
B=μ0H
在柱坐标系下,该系统剩余磁化强度M可表示为下式:
M=Mrer+Mzez
式中:MrMz分别为剩余磁化强度的径向分量和轴向分量。
假设永磁体磁化方向为径向磁化,那么剩余磁化强度M只存在径向分量Mr,其轴向分量Mz=0同时将Mr用傅里叶级数展开可以得到:

Mr=n=0,1,2,4(Bremμ0)sin[(2n+1)π2Lmτp]2n+1)πα^r

式中:α^r为在径向方向的磁通矢量。
气隙区域的径向磁感应强度BrI和轴向磁感应强度BzI可分别表示为

BrI(r, z)=-n=0,1,2,aInI1(mnr)+bInK1(mnr)cos(mnz)

BzI(r, z)=n=0,1,2,aInI0(mnr)-bInK0(mnr)sin(mnz)

其中 mn=(2n+1)πτp
式中:I0K0为第一类与第二类零阶变形贝塞尔函数;I1K1为第一类与第二类一阶变形贝塞尔函数;aInbIn为系数;τp为极距。
永磁体区域的径向磁感应强度Br与轴向磁感应强度Br可分别表示为
    Br(r, z)=-n=0,1,2,[(FAn(mnr)+an)I1(mnr)-(FBn(mnr)+bn)K1(mnr)]cos(mnz)
   Bz(r,z)=-n=0,1,2,[(FAn(mnr)+an)I0(mnr)+(FBn(mnr)-bn)K0(mnr)]sin(mnz)
其中

FAn(mnr)=PnmnmnRrmnrK1(x)dxI1(x)K0(x)+K1(x)I0(x)

FBn(mnr)=PnmnmnRrmnrI1xdxI1xK0x+K1xI0x

为了获得式(5)~式(8)中的未知系数,定义中间变量Pn以及c1n~c8n如下:
Pn=4Brτpsin[(2n+1)π2Lmτp]
c1n=I0(mnRs)c2n=K0(mnRs)c3n=I0(mnRr)c4n=K0(mnRr)c5n=I0(mnRm)c6n=K0(mnRm)c7n=I1(mnRm)c8n=K1(mnRm)
通过下式可以获得系数aInbInanbn
μr(c5nc6n-c1nc2n)-(c5nc6n-c3nc4n)(c7nc8n+c1nc2n)-(c7nc8n+c3nc4n)aInan=FAn(mnRm)(c5nc6n)+FBn(mnRm)FAn(mnRm)(c7nc8n)-FBn(mnRm)
由此可得:
bIn=c1nc2naIn
bn=c3nc4nan
用洛伦兹力定律计算施加在动子上的力,可以将去磁曲线接近直线的永磁体产生的磁动势由相应的磁铁等效载流线圈产生的磁动势代替。洛仑兹力计算如下:
Fpm=Hc×hm
其中 Hc=Brμ1μ2
式中:Hc为永磁体矫顽力;hm为永磁体厚度;Br为永磁材料剩余磁通密度;μ1为真空磁导率;μ2为永磁材料的回复磁导率。
应用洛伦兹力定律对每个载流线圈的表面S进行积分,可以得到各个载流线圈受到的力:
F=(Hc×BI)dS
其中,Hc是一个大小为Hc的矢量,其方向与等效载流线圈中流过的电流方向一致;BI是在气隙区域的磁感应强度矢量,同时对面积的积分dS=2πrdr。磁通密度的径向分量使得动子产生了一个轴向的推力Ft,其值为
Ft=4πBrμ1μ2n=0,1,2,Krnsin(mnLm2)sin(mnZd)
其中

Krn=Rs+gRs[aInI1(mnr)+bInK1(mnr)]rdr

根据磁力丝杠的工作原理可知,若计算时不计磁力传递过程中的能量损耗,动子的动能Pt完全转换为转子的动能Pr,其功率传递方程为
Pt=Ft×v=Tn×ω=Pr
式中:v为动子轴向速度;Tn为转子转矩;ω为转子旋转的角速度。
将转子旋转一周时,动子也相应地轴向运动一个导程 λ 的位移,设p为磁极个数,所以由式(20)可以推导出转子旋转角速度ω与动子轴向速度v之间的关系为
ω=2πp×τpv
将磁力丝杠的转子旋转角速度ω与动子轴向速度v比值定义为传动比G,其表达式为
G=FtTn=ωv=2πp×τp
这意味着,可以将一个0.5 m/s的线性速度转换为1 500 r/min的旋转速度,因此可以将低速波浪运动转化成高速旋转运动,从而大幅提高波浪发电装置的转化效率和功率密度。
针对波浪发电应用领域,对表贴式磁力丝杠(SMMLS)的拓扑结构进行有限元分析和优化,并分析其电磁性能,包括推力和转矩等,从而确定适用于波浪发电的拓扑结构。
表贴式磁力丝杠三维结构与闭合磁通路径如图3 所示,其中螺旋永磁环为 N极、S 极交替充磁,充磁方向为径向充磁,如图4 所示。
对于MLS而言,推力密度Fdensity和剪应力Fsuface作为表征MLS电磁性能的重要参数,可以当作是衡量磁力丝杠优化结果好坏的标准,其具体表达式为
Fdensity=FtV=Ftπ(Rs2-Rr2)Lt
Fsuface=FtS=Ft2π(Rm+g2)Lt
其中
S=2π(Rm+g2
V=π(Rs2-Rr2)
式中:V为有效工作体积,是包围转子与动子的圆柱体的体积;S为有效工作面积,是在转子与动子之间气隙包围的面积。
永磁体作为MLS磁场来源的唯一途径,体积大小直接影响着MLS内部的磁场强度和电磁性能,故先要对永磁体厚度与导程进行优化,即确定永磁体的几何尺寸,初步选取MLS主要参数如下:导程λ=30 mm,极距τp=15 mm,转子外半径Rs=37 mm,动子外半径Rm=21 mm,动子内半径Rr=6 mm,永磁体宽度Lm=15 mm,永磁体厚度Hm=5 mm,背铁厚度Hr=10 mm,转子长度Lt=60 mm,气隙长度g=1 mm,剩余磁场强度Br=1.23 T。根据MLS结构参数,建立有限元优化模型,将导程的取值范围确定为 10~60 mm,永磁体厚度的取值范围为 2~9 mm,在不同永磁体厚度与导程下MLS的推力密度变化曲线如图5 所示。从图中可以看出,在导程为 10 mm 时推力密度随着磁体厚度增加,变化不明显,这是由于导程较小时气隙磁饱和现象较为严重所导致。当导程为 20~60 mm 时,永磁体变化范围为 2 ~7 mm,推力密度随着永磁体厚度的增加而上升较为明显,但永磁体厚度超过 7 mm 后,气隙达到磁饱和,使得推力密度变化较小。根据仿真结果最终确定永磁体厚度与导程分别为 7 mm 和 20 mm。
图6 为不同导程下剪应力随动子外半径变化的曲线。可以看出,当导程一定时,剪应力不受动子外半径变化的影响。剪应力的波动其实是由于不同导程下磁极间的漏磁效应所导致,故将动子外半径固定为21 mm。
转子与动子之间的气隙区域作为磁通回路的一部分,气隙长度显著影响着气隙磁场的强度,一般来说气隙越大,相应的气隙磁场越弱。对磁力丝杠在不同的气隙大小下进行有限元仿真计算,结果如图7 所示。从图中可以看出,气隙长度变化范围为0.5~5 mm,在其余参数不变时,推力的变化范围为2.74~0.85 kN,推力随着气隙长度的增加而直线下降,故应尽可能地降低气隙长度,同时考虑机械加工因素,最终确定气隙长度为1 mm。
通过对比分析表贴式磁力丝杠的导程、永磁体厚度和气隙大小在不同范围内的推力变化趋势,最终得到优化后的SMMLS电磁结构参数,导程λ=20 mm,极距τp=10 mm,转子外半径Rs=37 mm,动子外半径Rm=21 mm,动子内半径Rr=6 mm,永磁体宽度Lm=10 mm,永磁体厚度Hm=7 mm,背铁厚度Hr=8 mm,转子长度Lt=60 mm,气隙长度g=1 mm,剩余磁场强度Br=1.23 T。
推力-转矩的关系如图8所示。从图8 可以看出,优化后的表贴式磁力丝杠推力峰值为2.35 kN,转矩峰值为7.35 N·m,将得到的推力结果代入式(23)中得到推力密度为9.3 MN/m3。之后,由推力与转矩峰值可得磁力丝杠传动比为319,同时将导程参数代入式(22)中计算得到传动比为314。对比两种方法所得传动比可知,通过有限元分析方法与式(22)计算所得传动比数值吻合度较高,从而验证了第1节中推力解析结果的正确性。
本文将磁力丝杠应用在波浪发电领域,设计出一种磁力丝杠复合电机替代圆筒型外永磁直线电机完成波浪能转换,并对比分析在不同海况下的两种能量转化装置的输出功率。
图9为典型的点吸式直驱式波能发电装置,该装置由圆筒型外永磁直线发电机、阻尼板、浮筒、连接支架与锚链等组成,其中波能转换装置(wave energy conversion device,WEC)为圆筒型外永磁直线发电机。
由于点吸式直驱波浪发电装置的内外浮筒水动力参数不同,在波浪力的作用下其垂直方向的速度也不相同,内浮筒由于阻尼板的存在基本保持静止。而外浮筒随着波浪上下运动,内外浮筒之间的相对速度驱动磁力丝杠复合电机的动子产生低速直线运动。再通过磁力丝杠螺旋磁力耦合传动,将动子低速直线运动转化为转子高速旋转运动,进而带动永磁同步发电机转子高速旋转,提高波浪发电装置的输出功率。
图10a为磁力丝杠复合发电机示意图,该结构由磁力丝杠与8极12槽永磁同步旋转电机构成。磁力丝杠的转子与旋转电机转子共享一个转子背铁,并将磁力丝杠复合发电机与图10b所示的9极10槽圆筒型外永磁直线发电机进行分析对比,分别保持旋转发电机转子与直线电机初级的轴向长度、旋转电机与直线电机的内径与外径,即两者能量转化核心装置体积相同,具体结构参数如下:圆筒型外永磁直线发电机:永磁体宽度h0=10 mm,内半径Din=37 mm,外半径Dout=77 mm,轴向长度Lt=100 mm,转子极数=9,定子槽数=10,电机相数=3,永磁体厚度Hm=7 mm,背铁厚度Hr=8 mm,极距τp=9.5 mm,气隙g=2 mm,运行速度=0.2 m/s。磁力丝杠复合发电机:动子内半径Rr=6 mm,动子外半径Rm=21 mm,转子外半径Rs=37 mm,永磁体宽度h0=10 mm,内半径Din=37 mm,外半径Dout=77 mm,轴向长度Lt=100 mm,转子极数=8,定子槽数=12,电机相数=3,永磁体厚度Hm=7 mm,背铁厚度Hr=8 mm,极距τp=10 mm,气隙g=1 mm,运行速度=62.8 rad/s。
计算磁力丝杠复合电机与圆筒型外永磁直线电机在不同负载情况下的输出功率,当运动速度v=0.15 m/s,磁力丝杠复合电机与圆筒型外永磁直线电机的输出功率在负载电阻为 5 Ω时分别为 923 W 和 87 W。当运动速度 v=0.25 m/s,磁力丝杠复合电机与圆筒型直线电机的输出功率在负载电阻为 5 Ω时分别为991 W 和 234 W,磁力丝杠复合发电机较圆筒型外永磁直线电机的输出功率最高提升了 10 倍左右。通过数据分析得知,随着运动速度的增加,磁力丝杠复合电机与圆筒型外永磁直线电机输出功率逐渐增大。但是,在相同负载与运动速度的情况下,磁力丝杠复合发电机输出功率要远高于圆筒型外永磁直线发电机,特别是在运动速度较低的条件下,其输出功率提升愈为明显。
假设波浪速度为正弦运动,即v=0.2sin(2πt/T),其中T为波浪周期,定义为2 s。忽略波浪衍射和其他因素,在磁力丝杠复合发电机中,动子模拟波浪进行正弦低速直线往复运动,通过磁力丝杠螺旋磁力耦合传动,将动子低速直线运动转化为转子高速旋转运动,进而带动永磁同步发电机转子高速旋转发电,在圆筒型外永磁直线电机中,动子模拟波浪做正弦低速直线往复运动,从而切割定子绕组发电。磁力丝杠复合电机与圆筒型外永磁直线电机在1个周期内所产生的空载感应电动势如图11所示。
图11可以看出,感应电动势都是波络线,其中圆筒型外永磁直线发电机与磁力丝杠复合发电机的空载感应电动势幅值分别为27.18 V和219.5 V,对比可以发现,磁力丝杠复合发电机利用磁力传动原理,实现了装置增速运行,其空载感应电动势幅值大约是圆筒型外永磁直线电机的8倍以上。
图12为波浪速度在v=0.2sin(2πt/T)时,两种波浪发电装置在负载分别为5 Ω和10 Ω情况下一个周期内所带负载上的瞬时功率与平均功率波形图。图 12a可以看出,圆筒型外永磁直线发电机在负载为5 Ω和10 Ω时,瞬时功率峰值分别为115 W和82 W,平均功率分别为51.03 W和35.66 W。图12b可以看出,磁力丝杠复合电机在负载为5 Ω和10 Ω时,瞬时功率峰值分别为1 150 W和1 650 W,平均功率分别为820.89 W和1 063.83 W。通过对比结果可知,磁力丝杠复合电机相比较于圆筒型外永磁直线电机在低速波浪运动情况下,输出功率得到了大幅的提升。
本文介绍了磁力丝杠作为波能转换装置在海洋监测器中的应用前景,研究了影响磁力丝杠性能的关键参数选择问题,在此基础上对磁力丝杠进行参数优化,针对波浪能发电为海洋监测器供电场景,设计了一种磁力丝杠复合发电机,将本文设计的磁力丝杠复合发电机与圆筒型直线发电机在相同波浪速度和负载条件下进行输出功率对比,有限元分析结果表明,在相同体积下,磁力丝杠复合电机相比较于圆筒型外永磁直线电机在低速波浪运动情况时,输出功率得到了大幅的提升。磁力丝杠复合电机更适用于低速大推力的直驱式波浪发电领域,后续将继续探索磁力丝杠复合电机结构方面的突破,使其更加适应波浪环境。
  • 国家自然科学基金(41576096)
  • 国家自然科学基金(41876096)
  • 江苏省自然科学基金青年基金(BK20201034)
  • 江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(20KJB470028)
  • 南京工程学院科研基金(YKJ2019115)
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doi: 10.19457/j.1001-2095.dqcd25439
  • 接收时间:2023-10-19
  • 首发时间:2025-10-29
  • 出版时间:2025-01-20
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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-19
  • 修回日期:2023-12-22
基金
国家自然科学基金(41576096)
国家自然科学基金(41876096)
江苏省自然科学基金青年基金(BK20201034)
江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(20KJB470028)
南京工程学院科研基金(YKJ2019115)
作者信息
    1 江苏省海涂研究中心,江苏 南京 210036
    2 南京工程学院 电力工程学院,江苏 南京 211167
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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