Article(id=1241784312287265002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, issueId=1241784304989175988, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.6052/1672-6553-2025-083, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1753459200000, receivedDateStr=2025-07-26, revisedDate=1759075200000, revisedDateStr=2025-09-29, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773994051286, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773994051286, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773994051286, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773994051286, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241784304989175988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, year='2025', volume='23', issue='10', pageStart='1', pageEnd='96', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773994049546, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773994239413, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241785101412012589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, issueId=1241784304989175988, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241785101412012590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, issueId=1241784304989175988, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=87, endPage=96, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241784312601837810, articleId=1241784312287265002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, language=EN, title=Performance Output Tracking for an Unstable Heat Equation with Input Delay and External Disturbance, columnId=1241784307421872311, journalTitle=Journal of Dynamics and Control, columnName=Research Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In the process of accurately tracking the welding path with the end effector of an industrial robot arm, challenges such as joint friction (disturbance) and communication time delay arise. To address these issues, this study investigates the performance output tracking problem for a one-dimensional unstable heat equation, with unknown external disturbances and input end time delay. Based on the properties of the first-order transport equation, the control system can be modeled as a cascaded system consisting of a heat equation and a transport equation, where the transport equation represents the actuator dynamics. The system features a non-collocated structure, where the difficulties arising from this structure are resolved by constructing an appropriate auxiliary system. The control problem of the cascaded system is solved via the actuator dynamics compensation method. An error-based observer is constructed to simultaneously estimate external disturbances and system states, and a full-state feedback law is successfully designed to achieve the performance output tracking of the system. It is proven that the designed observer is well-posed and the closed-loop system achieves exponential stability.

, correspAuthors=Li Wang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Li Wang, Fei Wang), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241784355228550112, articleId=1241784312287265002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, language=CN, title=带有时滞和外部干扰的不稳定热方程的性能输出跟踪, columnId=1241784307690307771, journalTitle=动力学与控制学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

工业机器人机械臂末端精确跟踪焊接路径过程中,存在关节摩擦(干扰)和通信时滞.为解决这类问题,研究一维不稳定热方程的性能输出跟踪问题,该模型含有外部未知干扰且输入端具有时滞现象.根据一阶传输方程的性质,可以将控制系统建模为热方程与传输方程构成的级联系统,传输方程可以看作是热方程系统的执行动态.系统中存在非同位结构,通过构造合适的辅助系统解决非同位结构带来的困难,通过执行动态补偿方法解决级联系统的控制问题.构造基于误差的观测器以同时估计外部干扰和系统状态,并成功设计全状态反馈律以实现系统的性能输出跟踪.最后证明设计的观测器具有适定性,构成的闭环系统具有指数稳定性.

, correspAuthors=王丽, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=6W9T9jc5KIqSnV14iHIUhA==, magXml=XlbWTviBVFNypa6e9da10Q==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=MtG/3MC2fk3Ja1Cl9Z0Pjw==, pdfFileSize=434114, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=5+9qVMaeVDstQM7qwxD4rw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=王丽, 王飞)}, authors=[Author(id=1241784355715089384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=985388806@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241784355836724202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, authorId=1241784355715089384, language=EN, stringName=Li Wang, firstName=Li, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, , address=1.School of Mathematics, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241784355912221675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, authorId=1241784355715089384, language=CN, stringName=王丽, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, , address=1.晋中学院 数学系,晋中 030619, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241784355484402657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241784355492791266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, companyId=1241784355484402657, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Mathematics, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241784355501179875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, companyId=1241784355484402657, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.晋中学院 数学系,晋中 030619)])]), Author(id=1241784356008690669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241784356113548271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, authorId=1241784356008690669, language=EN, stringName=Fei Wang, firstName=Fei, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.School of Basic Education, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241784356184851440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, authorId=1241784356008690669, language=CN, stringName=王飞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.北京印刷学院 基础教育学院,北京 102600, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241784355618620388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241784355627008997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, companyId=1241784355618620388, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.School of Basic Education, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241784355635397606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, companyId=1241784355618620388, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.北京印刷学院 基础教育学院,北京 102600)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1241784356268737521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=input delay), Keyword(id=1241784356411343858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=one-dimensional heat equation), Keyword(id=1241784356474258419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=disturbance), Keyword(id=1241784356537172980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=output tracking), Keyword(id=1241784356604281845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=输入时滞), Keyword(id=1241784356696556534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=一维热方程), Keyword(id=1241784356767859703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=干扰), Keyword(id=1241784356843357176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=输出跟踪)], refs=[Reference(id=1241784357451531263, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=22, issue=10, pageStart=1334, pageEnd=1350, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=ZHENG Z, CAI S C, journalName=Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHENG ZCAI S C. A collaborative target tracking algorithm for multiple UAVs with inferior tracking capabilities [J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering202122(10):1334-1350., articleTitle=A collaborative target tracking algorithm for multiple UAVs with inferior tracking capabilities, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784357527028736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=21, issue=12, pageStart=79, pageEnd=88, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=安宁波, 王琦少, 赵小川, journalName=动力学与控制学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=安宁波,王琦少,赵小川,. 无人机集群的微分平坦性与编队控制研究[J]. 动力学与控制学报202321(12):79-88., articleTitle=无人机集群的微分平坦性与编队控制研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784357648662528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=21, issue=12, pageStart=79, pageEnd=88, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=AN N B, WANG Q S, ZHAO X C, journalName=Journal of Dynamics and Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=AN N BWANG Q SZHAO X Cet al. Differential flatness and formation control of unmanned aerial vehicle swarm [J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control202321(12):79-88. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Differential flatness and formation control of unmanned aerial vehicle swarm, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784357707382785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=11, issue=11, pageStart=902, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=QI W W, TONG M B, LI X B, journalName=Aerospace, refType=null, unstructuredReference=QI W WTONG M BLI X Bet al. Linear disturbance observer-enhanced continuous-time predictive control for straight-line path-following control of small unmanned aerial vehicles [J]. Aerospace202411(11):902., articleTitle=Linear disturbance observer-enhanced continuous-time predictive control for straight-line path-following control of small unmanned aerial vehicles, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784357774491650, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=21, issue=9, pageStart=50, pageEnd=58, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=4, authorNames=芮宏斌, 曹伟, 朱玲仪, journalName=动力学与控制学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=芮宏斌,曹伟,朱玲仪,. 光伏阵列清洁机器人路径跟踪改进型自抗扰控制[J]. 动力学与控制学报202321(9):50-58., articleTitle=光伏阵列清洁机器人路径跟踪改进型自抗扰控制, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784357841600515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=21, issue=9, pageStart=50, pageEnd=58, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=5, authorNames=RUI H B, CAO W, ZHU L Y, journalName=Journal of Dynamics and Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=RUI H BCAO WZHU L Yet al. Path tracking improved active disturbance rejection control for photovoltaic array cleaning robot [J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control202321(9):50-58. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Path tracking improved active disturbance rejection control for photovoltaic array cleaning robot, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784357900320772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=23, issue=2, pageStart=30, pageEnd=37, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=6, authorNames=陈昱衡, 张海成, 邹伟生, journalName=动力学与控制学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈昱衡,张海成,邹伟生,. ROV型深海采矿车动力学建模及路径跟踪控制研究[J]. 动力学与控制学报202523(2):30-37., articleTitle=ROV型深海采矿车动力学建模及路径跟踪控制研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784357954846725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=23, issue=2, pageStart=30, pageEnd=37, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=7, authorNames=CHEN Y H, ZHANG H C, ZOU W S, journalName=Journal of Dynamics and Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN Y HZHANG H CZOU W Set al. Dynamic modeling and path tracking control of a ROV-based deep-sea mining vehicle [J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control202523(2):30-37. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Dynamic modeling and path tracking control of a ROV-based deep-sea mining vehicle, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784358042927110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=8, authorNames=HUO Z C, PING Z W, JIA Y J, journalName=Control Theory and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUO Z CPING Z WJIA Y Jet al. Disturbance rejection of PMSM speed servo system:an adaptive observer approach [J]. Control Theory and Technology2025:00261-x., articleTitle=Disturbance rejection of PMSM speed servo system:an adaptive observer approach, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784358105841671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=179, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=9, authorNames=ZHAO C, AN L W, journalName=Automatica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO CAN L W. Collision/obstacle avoidance distributed cooperative output regulation of multi-robot systems [J]. Automatica2025179:112405., articleTitle=Collision/obstacle avoidance distributed cooperative output regulation of multi-robot systems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784358168756232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=61, issue=10, pageStart=2974, pageEnd=2986, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=10, authorNames=PAUNONEN L, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PAUNONEN L. Controller design for robust output regulation of regular linear systems [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control201661(10):2974-2986., articleTitle=Controller design for robust output regulation of regular linear systems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784358235865097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1976, volume=21, issue=1, pageStart=25, pageEnd=34, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=11, authorNames=DAVISON E, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DAVISON E. The robust control of a servomechanism problem for linear time-invariant multivariable systems [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control197621(1):25-34., articleTitle=The robust control of a servomechanism problem for linear time-invariant multivariable systems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784358311362570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1976, volume=12, issue=5, pageStart=457, pageEnd=465, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=12, authorNames=FRANCIS B A, WONHAM W M, journalName=Automatica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FRANCIS B AWONHAM W M. The internal model principle of control theory [J]. Automatica197612(5):457-465., articleTitle=The internal model principle of control theory, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784358391054347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1993, volume=38, issue=1, pageStart=163, pageEnd=166, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=13, authorNames=DATKO R, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DATKO R. Two examples of ill-posedness with respect to small time delays in stabilized elastic systems [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control199338(1):163-166., articleTitle=Two examples of ill-posedness with respect to small time delays in stabilized elastic systems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784358483329036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1997, volume=42, issue=4, pageStart=511, pageEnd=515, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=14, authorNames=DATKO R, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DATKO R. Two examples of ill-posedness with respect to time delays revisited [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control199742(4):511-515., articleTitle=Two examples of ill-posedness with respect to time delays revisited, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784358575603725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=23, issue=8, pageStart=22, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=15, authorNames=孙煜, 程文宝, 俞开程, journalName=动力学与控制学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙煜,程文宝,俞开程,. 精密隔振器直接扰动的前馈抑制研究[J]. 动力学与控制学报2025:23(8):22-28., articleTitle=精密隔振器直接扰动的前馈抑制研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784358684655630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=23, issue=8, pageStart=22, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=16, authorNames=SUN Y, CHENG W B, YU K C, journalName=Journal of Dynamics and Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SUN YCHENG W BYU K Cet al. Research on feedforward suppression of direct dsturbances in precision vibration isolators [J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control202523(8):22-28. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Research on feedforward suppression of direct dsturbances in precision vibration isolators, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784358785318927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=65, issue=5, pageStart=1841, pageEnd=1854, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=17, authorNames=FENG H, GUO B Z, WU X H, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=FENG HGUO B ZWU X H. Trajectory planning approach to output tracking for a 1-D wave equation [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control201965(5):1841-1854., articleTitle=Trajectory planning approach to output tracking for a 1-D wave equation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784358865010704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=114, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=18, authorNames=GUO B Z, MENG T T, journalName=Automatica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GUO B ZMENG T T. Robust error based non-collocated output tracking control for a heat equation [J]. Automatica2020114:108818., articleTitle=Robust error based non-collocated output tracking control for a heat equation, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784358986645521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=12, issue=4, pageStart=770, pageEnd=785, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=19, authorNames=XU G Q, YUNG S P, LI L K, journalName=ESAIM:Control,Optimisation and Calculus of Variations, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU G QYUNG S PLI L K. Stabilization of wave systems with input delay in the boundary control [J]. ESAIM:Control,Optimisation and Calculus of Variations200612(4):770-785., articleTitle=Stabilization of wave systems with input delay in the boundary control, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784359091503122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=20, authorNames=HIGHAM N J, journalName=Functions of matrices theory and computation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HIGHAM N J. Functions of matrices theory and computation [M]. SIAM,Philadelphia,2008., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784359200555027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=21, authorNames=KRSTIC M S, journalName=Boundary control of PDEs:a course on backstepping designs, refType=null, unstructuredReference=KRSTIC M S. Boundary control of PDEs:a course on backstepping designs [M]. Philadelphia,PA,USA:SIAM-Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,2008., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784359305412628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=49, issue=12, pageStart=2185, pageEnd=2202, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=22, authorNames=SMYSHLYAEV A, KRSTIC M, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SMYSHLYAEV AKRSTIC M. Closed-form boundary state feedbacks for a class of 1-D partial integro-differential equations [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control200449(12):2185-2202., articleTitle=Closed-form boundary state feedbacks for a class of 1-D partial integro-differential equations, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784359389298709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1997, volume=42, issue=1, pageStart=4, pageEnd=21, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=23, authorNames=WEISS G, CURTAIN R F, journalName=IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WEISS GCURTAIN R F. Dynamic stabilization of regular linear systems [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control199742(1):4-21., articleTitle=Dynamic stabilization of regular linear systems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784359460601878, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=96, issue=null, pageStart=1, pageEnd=10, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=24, authorNames=JIN F F, GUO B Z, journalName=Automatica, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JIN F FGUO B Z. Performance boundary output tracking for one-dimensional heat equation with boundary unmatched disturbance [J]. Automatica201896:1-10., articleTitle=Performance boundary output tracking for one-dimensional heat equation with boundary unmatched disturbance, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241784359670317079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=39, issue=1, pageStart=254, pageEnd=274, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=25, authorNames=WANG L, FENG H, journalName=IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG LFENG H. Performance output tracking for a one-dimensional unstable heat equation with input delay [J]. IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information202239(1):254-274., articleTitle=Performance output tracking for a one-dimensional unstable heat equation with input delay, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241784356944020473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, awardId=202303021212267, language=EN, fundingSource=Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202303021212267), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241784357015323642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, awardId=202303021212267, language=CN, fundingSource=山西省基础研究计划资助项目(202303021212267), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241784357086626811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, awardId=KM202310015001, language=EN, fundingSource=R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(KM202310015001), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241784357157929980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, awardId=KM202310015001, language=CN, fundingSource=北京市教育委员会科研计划资助项目(KM202310015001), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241784357250204669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, awardId=12301565, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(12301565), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241784357317313534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, awardId=12301565, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(12301565), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241784355484402657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241784355492791266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, companyId=1241784355484402657, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Mathematics, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241784355501179875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, companyId=1241784355484402657, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.晋中学院 数学系,晋中 030619)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241784355618620388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241784355627008997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, companyId=1241784355618620388, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.School of Basic Education, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241784355635397606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1241715181215068175, articleId=1241784312287265002, companyId=1241784355618620388, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.北京印刷学院 基础教育学院,北京 102600)])], figs=null, attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1241715084465061896, delFlag=0, nameCn=动力学与控制学报, nameEn=Journal of Dynamics and Control, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1672-6553, eissn=null, cn=43-1409/O3, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=qn3Hi3oxu7PTv/Qq7QAyYQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Journal of Dynamics and Control, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1773977546090, updatedTime=1773977788003, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=J, firstLetterEn=J, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=qn3Hi3oxu7PTv/Qq7QAyYQ==, picEn=S6axTkMnWpvkJAFwIDKuew==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1241716099209818732, language=CN, name=动力学与控制学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1773977788021, updatedTime=1773977788021, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://dlxykzxb.cnjournals.net/jdc/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://dlxykzxb.cnjournals.net/jdc/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://dlxykzxb.cnjournals.net/jdc/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1241716099260150381, language=EN, name=Journal of Dynamics and Control, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1773977788033, updatedTime=1773977788033, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://dlxykzxb.cnjournals.net/jdc/author/login, submissionEditorUrl=http://dlxykzxb.cnjournals.net/jdc/editor/login, submissionReviewUrl=http://dlxykzxb.cnjournals.net/jdc/reviewer/login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1241715181215068175, websiteList=[Website(id=1241716224137154970, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1241715181215068175, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dlxykzxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1773977817806, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1773977845683, updateBy=18614031015, name=动力学与控制学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=动力学与控制学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1241716660567069266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224137154970, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1773977921859, updateTime=1773977921859, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716660546097743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224137154970, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1773977921854, updateTime=1773977921854, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716660592235093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224137154970, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1773977921865, updateTime=1773977921865, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716660533514830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224137154970, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dlxykzxb/CN/file/pic?fileId=L9eIHr2ofXjyZPUAgI21Wg==, createTime=1773977921851, updateTime=1773977921851, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716660604818007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224137154970, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1773977921868, updateTime=1773977921868, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716660558680657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224137154970, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dlxykzxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1773977921857, updateTime=1773977921857, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716660596429398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224137154970, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1773977921866, updateTime=1773977921866, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716660550292048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224137154970, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1773977921855, updateTime=1773977921855, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716660575457875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224137154970, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1773977921861, updateTime=1773977921861, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716660583846484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224137154970, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1773977921863, updateTime=1773977921863, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1241716224191680923, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1241715181215068175, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dlxykzxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1773977817819, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1773977864891, updateBy=18614031015, name=动力学与控制学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Journal of Dynamics and Control, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1241716687112826980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224191680923, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1773977928188, updateTime=1773977928188, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716687096049761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224191680923, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1773977928184, updateTime=1773977928184, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716687133798503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224191680923, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1773977928193, updateTime=1773977928193, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716687091855456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224191680923, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dlxykzxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=L9eIHr2ofXjyZPUAgI21Wg==, createTime=1773977928183, updateTime=1773977928183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716687150575721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224191680923, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1773977928197, updateTime=1773977928197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716687108632675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224191680923, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dlxykzxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1773977928187, updateTime=1773977928187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716687137992808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224191680923, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1773977928194, updateTime=1773977928194, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716687100244066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224191680923, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1773977928185, updateTime=1773977928185, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716687121215589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224191680923, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1773977928190, updateTime=1773977928190, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1241716687125409894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1241716224191680923, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1773977928191, updateTime=1773977928191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=动力学与控制学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://dlxykzxb.cnjournals.net, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Journal of Dynamics and Control, journalPhotoCn=qn3Hi3oxu7PTv/Qq7QAyYQ==, journalPhotoEn=S6axTkMnWpvkJAFwIDKuew==, journalFirstLetter=J, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dlxykzxb/CN/10.6052/1672-6553-2025-083, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dlxykzxb/EN/10.6052/1672-6553-2025-083, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dlxykzxb/CN/PDF/10.6052/1672-6553-2025-083, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dlxykzxb/EN/PDF/10.6052/1672-6553-2025-083, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
带有时滞和外部干扰的不稳定热方程的性能输出跟踪
收藏切换
PDF下载
王丽 1, , 王飞 2
动力学与控制学报 | 研究论文 2025,23(10): 87-96
收起
收藏切换
动力学与控制学报 | 研究论文 2025, 23(10): 87-96
带有时滞和外部干扰的不稳定热方程的性能输出跟踪
全屏
王丽1, , 王飞2
作者信息
  • 1.晋中学院 数学系,晋中 030619
  • 2.北京印刷学院 基础教育学院,北京 102600

通讯作者:

E-mail:
Performance Output Tracking for an Unstable Heat Equation with Input Delay and External Disturbance
Li Wang1, , Fei Wang2
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Mathematics, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China
  • 2.School of Basic Education, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China
doi: 10.6052/1672-6553-2025-083
文章导航
收藏切换

工业机器人机械臂末端精确跟踪焊接路径过程中,存在关节摩擦(干扰)和通信时滞.为解决这类问题,研究一维不稳定热方程的性能输出跟踪问题,该模型含有外部未知干扰且输入端具有时滞现象.根据一阶传输方程的性质,可以将控制系统建模为热方程与传输方程构成的级联系统,传输方程可以看作是热方程系统的执行动态.系统中存在非同位结构,通过构造合适的辅助系统解决非同位结构带来的困难,通过执行动态补偿方法解决级联系统的控制问题.构造基于误差的观测器以同时估计外部干扰和系统状态,并成功设计全状态反馈律以实现系统的性能输出跟踪.最后证明设计的观测器具有适定性,构成的闭环系统具有指数稳定性.

输入时滞  /  一维热方程  /  干扰  /  输出跟踪

In the process of accurately tracking the welding path with the end effector of an industrial robot arm, challenges such as joint friction (disturbance) and communication time delay arise. To address these issues, this study investigates the performance output tracking problem for a one-dimensional unstable heat equation, with unknown external disturbances and input end time delay. Based on the properties of the first-order transport equation, the control system can be modeled as a cascaded system consisting of a heat equation and a transport equation, where the transport equation represents the actuator dynamics. The system features a non-collocated structure, where the difficulties arising from this structure are resolved by constructing an appropriate auxiliary system. The control problem of the cascaded system is solved via the actuator dynamics compensation method. An error-based observer is constructed to simultaneously estimate external disturbances and system states, and a full-state feedback law is successfully designed to achieve the performance output tracking of the system. It is proven that the designed observer is well-posed and the closed-loop system achieves exponential stability.

input delay  /  one-dimensional heat equation  /  disturbance  /  output tracking
王丽, 王飞. 带有时滞和外部干扰的不稳定热方程的性能输出跟踪. 动力学与控制学报, 2025 , 23 (10) : 87 -96 . DOI: 10.6052/1672-6553-2025-083
Li Wang, Fei Wang. Performance Output Tracking for an Unstable Heat Equation with Input Delay and External Disturbance[J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control, 2025 , 23 (10) : 87 -96 . DOI: 10.6052/1672-6553-2025-083
在现代控制理论中,输出跟踪问题因其广泛的应用背景而受到持续关注,例如航空航天领域无人机的航迹跟踪问题[1-3]、机器人领域光伏阵列清洁机器人路径跟踪问题[4]、深海采矿领域采矿车路径跟踪研究[5]等.近年来,许多专家对如何处理输出跟踪问题进行了广泛的研究,输出跟踪方法还有效解决了永磁同步电机(PMSM)的速度跟踪和抗干扰问题[6]、多机器人系统(MRSs)分布式协同输出调节中的碰撞/障碍物避让问题[7]等.在研究输出跟踪问题时,最基本、最系统的方法就是内模原理.内模原理是一种通过将鲁棒输出跟踪在很大程度上简化为动态跟踪误差反馈控制来处理系统的方法[8].自20世纪70年代以来,这种方法已经扩展到处理各种系统[9,10].
在日常生产和工业实践中,时滞和外部干扰是不可避免会出现的问题.当系统存在时滞和外部干扰时,控制问题变得更加复杂,传统的控制策略往往难以保证系统的稳定性和跟踪性能.时滞现象可能由信号传输、传感器测量或执行机构响应等因素引起,时滞的存在往往导致系统性能下降甚至失稳,尤其是在分布式参数系统中,其影响更为显著.通过边界控制稳定的系统可以在任意小的反馈时间延迟下变得不稳定[11,12].因此,在考虑控制问题时,处理时滞对系统的影响是必要和关键的.此外,外部干扰(如环境温度波动、测量噪声等)进一步加剧了系统的不确定性,使得精确的输出跟踪面临巨大挑战[13].
工业机器人机械臂末端轨迹跟踪问题可建模为热方程的输出跟踪问题,机器人机械臂末端需精确跟踪焊接路径,在整个操作过程中关节摩擦(干扰)和通信时滞需补偿,传统的控制策略往往难以保证系统的跟踪性能.针对这类问题,现有的研究非常少.因此,研究带有时滞和外部干扰的热方程的输出跟踪问题在理论和实际应用中均具有重要意义.
本文研究一类带有时滞和外部干扰的不稳定热方程的性能输出跟踪问题,旨在设计有效的控制策略,使得系统输出能够指数跟踪给定的参考信号,同时抑制干扰和时滞带来的不利影响.后续部分的结构安排如下:第1节介绍问题描述与预备知识;第2节详细阐述控制器的设计与稳定性分析;第3节介绍观测器的设计与适定性分析;第4节总结全文.
本文研究一维不稳定热方程的输出跟踪问题,系统输入端含有时滞,具体问题描述如下:
其中w是热方程的状态,dit)(i=1,2)是由下面有限维外系统生成的外部干扰,yp是系统的性能输出,u是系统的控制输入,τ>0代表常数时滞.在系统(1)中当q>0,不含控制和外部干扰的系统(1)就会变成不稳定系统.本文研究的目标是:对于任意给定的参考信号yref(t),设计构造反馈控制律u使得跟踪误差ye(t)满足以下条件
设系统(1)中的参考信号yref和干扰d由如下有限维外系统生成:
其中是已知矩阵.由于外系统(1)的初值v(0)未知,显然干扰di和参考信号yref是未知的.类似于文献[14],在输出跟踪问题(1)和(3)中,假设
可观,其中.
注记1 在研究输出调节问题时,以上假设是自然的,参看文献[14,15].
由于系统(1)中输入端含有时滞,为了处理这一问题,根据文献[16]的研究,可设
将外系统(3)、变换(5)代入系统(1),结合(2)可知系统(1)变为
系统(6)的状态空间为,下面的研究都将在状态空间中展开.根据变化(5)可知,输入时滞可以动态的表示为传输方程,那么输入端含有时滞的热方程的控制问题就转化为PDE-PDE级联系统的控制问题.首先设计基于误差的观测器,这个观测器能同时估计系统状态和外部干扰,然后设计全状态反馈实现输出跟踪.全文假设如下条件成立:
假设1 矩阵满足
注记2 假设1的作用为,使得研究的问题(6)有意义,即当t→∞时,干扰Q1vt)、Q2vt)和参考信号yref(t)=F vt)存在.并且使所有干扰Q1vt)、Q2vt)和参考信号yref(t)都由谐波信号的有限和产生[17].
本节的目标是针对问题(6),设计全状态反馈,实现跟踪误差满足(2).在系统(6)中,Q1vt)位于x=0端,Q2vt)和ut)位于x=1端,显然干扰Q1vt)、Q2vt)和控制ut)不在同一控制通道内,为了解决这一问题,需要构造辅助系统.构造辅助系统的本质是构造一个与外源系统同构的内部模型,其输出用于抵消干扰dit)(i=1,2)对系统边界的影响.基于上述分析,设辅助系统ρ1xt)满足
受文献[18]的启发,系统(8)存在级数形式的特解:
将特解(9)代入系统(8)可得系数αnt)满足
于是,
如果定义
那么ρ1xt)可以表示为
其中
其中,矩阵由文献[19]的Definition 1.2定义.根据(6),设辅助系统ρxt)满足
类似于(11)的表示,ρxt)可以表示为
其中
根据式(8)、(13)、(15)和(16)可得(Ψ1Φ)满足
Φ(1)=Ψ'1(1)-Q2.构造如下变换:
其中(Ψ1Φ)由系统(18)定义.变化(19)可以消除干扰对控制器设计的影响.根据式(6)、(18)和(19)可得
在系统(20)中,ϕ1-子系统的x=0端变为
跟踪误差ye(t)变为-w1(0,t).经过这一系列变化,问题得到了转化,输出跟踪问题(6)转变成镇定问题(20).根据估计/消除策略,为了镇定系统(20),设计控制器如下
其中[Ψ'1(1)-Q2]eτG vt)用来补偿外部干扰,u1(t)是接下来需要设计的控制器.结合(21)和(20)可知u1(t)是新系统
的控制器.下面将在新的状态空间
中讨论控制器u1(t)的设计.观察在系统(22)中,控制器u1(t)作用在ϕ1-子系统的x=0端,没有直接作用在w1-子系统.因此,控制器u1(t)设计的难点就是需要通过补偿由ϕ1-子系统生成的执行动态来镇定系统(22).为此,引入backstepping坐标变换,利用其空间尺度变换关系以及它的可逆性,将复杂的级联系统(22)解耦为一个较简单的目标系统.并且为了数学上的严谨性,将使用算子形式完成控制器的设计过程.基于上述分析,引入如下变换
其中核函数kγp分别由如下系统生成
其中系统(24)是适定的[19],系统(25)可以通过分离变量法求解.通过计算可知,算子可逆,其逆为
其中核函数lϑq分别由以下系统生成
根据变换(31),系统(22)变为
根据目标系统
其中,控制器u1设计为
根据式(21)和(34),控制器ut)设计为
根据式(35),系统(20)的闭环系统为
其中γ由式(25)定义.
引理1 设τ>0,γ由式(25)定义,那么对任意的初始状态,闭环系统(36)存在唯一解使得
其中ω1>0.进一步,存在正常数ω2>0使得调节误差ye(t)满足
证明:定义算子
根据定义(39),闭环系统(36)可以写成抽象形式
定义算子
根据定义(41),系统(36)可以写为抽象形式
由于系统(33)是由两个指数稳定的系统构成的级联系统,那么由系统(41)定义的算子A1H0上生成指数稳定的C0-半群[20].根据变换P的定义(23),原闭环系统算子A与目标系统算子A1之间存在相似关系
由于(43)以及算子A1上生成指数稳定的C0-半群,根据相似变换的性质,算子A同样生成一个指数稳定的C0-半群.基于以上分析可知定理的结论(37)成立.另外,通过式(23)和式(31)可得
其中x∈[0,1].显然有
因此,收敛性(38)成立当且仅当
其中ω2>0是正常数.观察系统(33)的z-子系统是一阶传输方程,那么当t>τ时,系统(33)中的u-子系统变成带有齐次边界条件的热方程如下:
由文献[19]可知系统(47)是指数稳定系统,那么根据文献[21],存在不依赖于t的正常数ω2>0使得
根据可逆变化(19)和(35),原始系统(6)的控制器设计如下
根据控制器(49)可以得到系统(6)的闭环系统
其中(Ψ1Φ)和γ分别由式(18)和式(25)定义.
定理1 设τ>0,γ分别由式(18)和式(25)定义,那么对于任意初始状态,闭环系统(50)存在唯一解使得调节误差ye(t)=F vt-w(0,t)满足
其中ω2>0是正常数.另外,如果,那么系统(50)的状态是一致有界的,即
证明: 系统(50)中v-子系统是ODE系统,且与w-ϕ-子系统是相互独立的,由常微分方程理论可知v-子系统存在唯一解.由引理1,对任意的初始状态,系统(36)存在唯一的指数稳定解
满足式(37).根据可逆变化(19),如果定义
那么对于任意初始状态,(wϕv)是系统(50)的唯一解.简单计算可得
结合式(38)可知式(51)成立.最后,通过式(53)和假设可知一致有界性(52)成立.
观察系统(6),为了方便设计系统的观测器,首先干扰和测量误差需要分离.为了分离干扰和测量误差,就要使干扰同时出现在方程和输出中,构造辅助系统如下
其中T1T2n维调节向量.根据分离变量法,可设
其中是向量值函数.将式(56)代入系统(55)可知
Ψ2可以解析地表示为
其中
为便于设计观测器,定义如下变换
其中Ψ2(·)由式(57)定义.如果假设Ψ'2(1)=Q2,根据式(57)和式(60),系统(6)变为
其中F1=F-T2是调节向量.系统(61)和(6)的区别在于,在变化后的系统(61)中,位于w2-子系统x=0端的第二项
是可调节的.在假设(4)的条件下,将系统(61)的观测器设计为
其中β>q是调节参数,使得G-LF1是Hurwitz阵.令
那么观测误差系统为
此外满足
系统(64)的状态空间是.根据Ψ'2(1)=Q2和(65)可得
引理2 设β>q是调节参数,是连续函数,那么矩阵函数
可逆.
证明:
其中.考虑算子
根据定义(69)可得
由常微分方程理论可得
其中a1a2Z.将式(72)代入式(71)的边界条件可得
式(73)有非零解当且仅当特征行列式det[Δλ1)]=0,其中
简单计算特征方程为
其中,.因此,矩阵函数f G 可逆.
引理3 设满足式(65),那么对任意初始状态
误差系统(64)存在唯一解.另外,
其中ω3是不依赖于t的正常数.
证明:根据引理2和文献[22]可知,存在向量使得G-LF1是Hurwitz阵.定义算子
根据算子A3的定义(77),系统(64)可以写成抽象形式
由于系统(64)是由指数稳定系统和有限维系统构成的级联系统,那么算子A3上生成指数稳定的C0-半群.
引理4 设满足条件(65),对于任意初始状态和控制,系统(61)和系统(62)存在唯一解.另外,
其中t→∞.
证明:根据引理3可知,对初始状态
误差系统(64)存在唯一解使得
其中ω3是不依赖于t的正常数.对任意初始状态ϕ0(·,0),求解系统(61)的ϕ-子系统可得
那么对任意和控制,系统(61)存在唯一
根据可逆变化(63),定义
结合式(82)和式(83),对任意,系统(61)和系统(62)存在唯一解
根据(81)可得,存在不依赖于t的正常数ω3使得
其中t→∞.
通过上述分析,根据引理4可得分别由w2(·,t)和vt)估计.根据可逆变换(60)和引理4,设计系统(6)的观测器如下
其中Ψ2(·)由(57)定义,β>q是调节参数,L使得G-LF1是Hurwitz阵.
定理2 设,满足式(7),,向量值函数Ψ2(·)由(57)定义,由(66)定义,条件(4)成立,那么对任意初始状态
和控制,系统(6)的观测器(85)存在唯一解
另外
其中,.
证明:通过引理4得出w2(·,t)和vt)的估计分别为.结合式(60)可得
因此w(·,t)的估计.
对任意初始状态和控制,控制系统(6)存在唯一解
由引理4可知,系统(61)和系统(62)是适定的.结合式(60)可知式(87)成立.根据系统(6)和引理4中式(84)可知式(88)成立.
本文的主要贡献包括:(1)针对不稳定热方程,提出了一种新的时滞补偿机制,有效降低了时滞对闭环系统稳定性的影响;(2)设计了具有干扰抑制能力的反馈控制器,确保系统在外部干扰下的跟踪性能;(3)通过严格的数学分析,验证了所提方法的优越性.研究成果不仅丰富了分布式参数系统的控制理论,也为解决工业机器人机械臂末端精确跟踪焊接路径问题提供了新的思路.
  • 山西省基础研究计划资助项目(202303021212267)
  • 北京市教育委员会科研计划资助项目(KM202310015001)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(12301565)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
ZHENG ZCAI S C. A collaborative target tracking algorithm for multiple UAVs with inferior tracking capabilities [J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering202122(10):1334-1350.
[2]
安宁波,王琦少,赵小川,. 无人机集群的微分平坦性与编队控制研究[J]. 动力学与控制学报202321(12):79-88.
AN N BWANG Q SZHAO X Cet al. Differential flatness and formation control of unmanned aerial vehicle swarm [J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control202321(12):79-88. (in Chinese)
[3]
QI W WTONG M BLI X Bet al. Linear disturbance observer-enhanced continuous-time predictive control for straight-line path-following control of small unmanned aerial vehicles [J]. Aerospace202411(11):902.
[4]
芮宏斌,曹伟,朱玲仪,. 光伏阵列清洁机器人路径跟踪改进型自抗扰控制[J]. 动力学与控制学报202321(9):50-58.
RUI H BCAO WZHU L Yet al. Path tracking improved active disturbance rejection control for photovoltaic array cleaning robot [J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control202321(9):50-58. (in Chinese)
[5]
陈昱衡,张海成,邹伟生,. ROV型深海采矿车动力学建模及路径跟踪控制研究[J]. 动力学与控制学报202523(2):30-37.
CHEN Y HZHANG H CZOU W Set al. Dynamic modeling and path tracking control of a ROV-based deep-sea mining vehicle [J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control202523(2):30-37. (in Chinese)
[6]
HUO Z CPING Z WJIA Y Jet al. Disturbance rejection of PMSM speed servo system:an adaptive observer approach [J]. Control Theory and Technology2025:00261-x.
[7]
ZHAO CAN L W. Collision/obstacle avoidance distributed cooperative output regulation of multi-robot systems [J]. Automatica2025179:112405.
[8]
PAUNONEN L. Controller design for robust output regulation of regular linear systems [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control201661(10):2974-2986.
[9]
DAVISON E. The robust control of a servomechanism problem for linear time-invariant multivariable systems [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control197621(1):25-34.
[10]
FRANCIS B AWONHAM W M. The internal model principle of control theory [J]. Automatica197612(5):457-465.
[11]
DATKO R. Two examples of ill-posedness with respect to small time delays in stabilized elastic systems [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control199338(1):163-166.
[12]
DATKO R. Two examples of ill-posedness with respect to time delays revisited [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control199742(4):511-515.
[13]
孙煜,程文宝,俞开程,. 精密隔振器直接扰动的前馈抑制研究[J]. 动力学与控制学报2025:23(8):22-28.
SUN YCHENG W BYU K Cet al. Research on feedforward suppression of direct dsturbances in precision vibration isolators [J]. Journal of Dynamics and Control202523(8):22-28. (in Chinese)
[14]
FENG HGUO B ZWU X H. Trajectory planning approach to output tracking for a 1-D wave equation [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control201965(5):1841-1854.
[15]
GUO B ZMENG T T. Robust error based non-collocated output tracking control for a heat equation [J]. Automatica2020114:108818.
[16]
XU G QYUNG S PLI L K. Stabilization of wave systems with input delay in the boundary control [J]. ESAIM:Control,Optimisation and Calculus of Variations200612(4):770-785.
[17]
HIGHAM N J. Functions of matrices theory and computation [M]. SIAM,Philadelphia,2008.
[18]
KRSTIC M S. Boundary control of PDEs:a course on backstepping designs [M]. Philadelphia,PA,USA:SIAM-Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,2008.
[19]
SMYSHLYAEV AKRSTIC M. Closed-form boundary state feedbacks for a class of 1-D partial integro-differential equations [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control200449(12):2185-2202.
[20]
WEISS GCURTAIN R F. Dynamic stabilization of regular linear systems [J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control199742(1):4-21.
[21]
JIN F FGUO B Z. Performance boundary output tracking for one-dimensional heat equation with boundary unmatched disturbance [J]. Automatica201896:1-10.
[22]
WANG LFENG H. Performance output tracking for a one-dimensional unstable heat equation with input delay [J]. IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information202239(1):254-274.
2025年第23卷第10期
PDF下载
89
37
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.6052/1672-6553-2025-083
  • 接收时间:2025-07-26
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-26
  • 修回日期:2025-09-29
基金
Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202303021212267)
山西省基础研究计划资助项目(202303021212267)
R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(KM202310015001)
北京市教育委员会科研计划资助项目(KM202310015001)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(12301565)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(12301565)
作者信息
    1.晋中学院 数学系,晋中 030619
    2.北京印刷学院 基础教育学院,北京 102600

通讯作者:

E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dlxykzxb/CN/10.6052/1672-6553-2025-083
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏