Article(id=1195437522558959867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, issueId=1195437520126260033, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240616, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1713715200000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-22, revisedDate=1716825600000, revisedDateStr=2024-05-28, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762944115532, onlineDateStr=2025-11-12, pubDate=1748102400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762944115532, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-12, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762944115532, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762944115532, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1195437520126260033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, year='2025', volume='40', issue='10', pageStart='3013', pageEnd='3338', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762944114953, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764237254519, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200861340710596791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, issueId=1195437520126260033, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200861340710596792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, issueId=1195437520126260033, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3082, endPage=3096, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1195437522961613057, articleId=1195437522558959867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, language=EN, title=Analyzing the Pyrolysis Kinetics and Pyrolysis Gases of Gassing Materials Using ReaxFF, columnId=null, journalTitle=Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
In recent years, the rapid development of renewable energy has posed a significant challenge to the breaking capacity of DC circuit breakers in power systems. Gas-blowing arc extinguishing technology based on gassing materials can greatly enhance the breaking capacity of DC circuit breakers. However, the macroscopic and microscopic pyrolysis mechanisms of gassing materials are unclear.
Firstly, the micro-pyrolysis mechanism of typical gassing material polyamide 66 (PA66) at different pyrolysis temperatures and rates was analyzed based on the reactive force field (ReaxFF). The decomposition process of PA66 and the types and quantities of small molecule gases produced were discussed. It was found that the initial bond breaking of PA66 occurred in the C—C bond adjacent to the amide group. H2 and H2O were the main pyrolysis gases of PA66, and their production process was analyzed. The reaction rate of carbon-free small molecule gas at high temperatures accelerates, and the amount increases. The product amount with carbon atoms below four increases rapidly and decreases slightly after reaching a peak. The main reasons are the Diels-Alder reaction, C3/C4 reaction, and cyclization reaction in the unsaturated hydrocarbons in the product, which leads to the decrease of hydrocarbon molecules. The temperature increase aggravates the disintegration of the PA66 molecular chain and the formation of small molecular gas. The heating rate of the system affects the distribution of heat in the reaction system, thus affecting the formation of the product. The slower the heating rate of the system, the more conducive to the uniform distribution of heat in the reaction system. Additionally, the amount of carbon deposition during pyrolysis at 2 600 K was analyzed. Light tar was dominant, followed by heavy tar, with the least amount of coke.
Subsequently, pyrolysis experiments at four different heating rates were carried out. Based on the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa isoconversional model, the average activation energy of PA66 was 194.85 kJ/mol, which was very close to the activation energy of 195.015 kJ/mol obtained by molecular dynamics simulation. Additionally, the pyrolysis gas distribution of PA66 was analyzed by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) experiments, which verified the accuracy and reliability of the pyrolysis kinetics calculation method. PA66 is suitable for the first-order reaction kinetic model, and the simulation data have high accuracy and reliability for the thermal decomposition reaction path and gas type of PA66 at the microscale.
Finally, simulation calculations and arcing experiments of three gas-producing materials, PA6, PA46, and PA66, were carried out. The gas generation rate and quantity changes during pyrolysis were observed, and the transient pressure changes during the arc-breaking experiment were analyzed. The order of transient pressure generated during the arcing process is PA6>PA46>PA66, consistent with the trend of the number of product gas molecules obtained by simulation calculation. The ReaxFF simulation results are confirmed and supplemented with the arc-breaking experiment, further verifying the reliability and accuracy of the research.
This paper offers a theoretical framework for understanding the macroscopic pyrolysis behavior and the microscopic pyrolysis mechanism of gassing materials. It contributes to a deep comprehension of material behavior under high-temperature and arc conditions, laying a methodological foundation for evaluating the performance of gassing materials in DC circuit breakers.
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可再生能源的快速发展对电力系统中直流断路器的开断能力提出了重大挑战,基于产气材料的气吹灭弧技术可以极大地提高直流断路器的开断能力,然而目前并不清楚产气材料的宏观热解规律和微观热解机理。首先基于反应力场分子动力学分析了不同热解温度和不同热解速率下典型产气材料聚酰胺66(PA66)的微观热解机理,发现PA66的初始断键发生在与酰胺基团相邻的C—C键,H2和H2O是PA66的主要热解气体,对其产生过程进行了分析。然后进行了四种不同升温速率下的热解实验,并基于Flynn-Wall-Ozawa等转化率模型获取PA66的活化能均值为194.85 kJ/mol,与分子动力学模拟得到的活化能195.015 kJ/mol较为接近,同时采用热裂解-气谱/质谱实验分析了PA66的热解气体分布,在一定程度上验证了热解动力学计算方法的有效性。该研究为产气材料的宏观热解行为和微观热解机理提供了理论解释,同时为直流断路器用产气材料的性能评价提供了一定的方法基础。
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Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,
2018,
33(S1): 227-233., articleTitle=Study on pyrolysis characteristics of fiber reinforced plastic rod of composite insulators based on TG-FTIR analysis, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1200881551178424415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, awardId=52277163, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(52277163), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1200881551342002279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, awardId=22JS025, language=CN, fundingSource=陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(22JS025), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200881534069858700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200881534078247309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, companyId=1200881534069858700, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1 School of Sciences Xi’an University of Technology Xi’an 710048 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200881534082441614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, companyId=1200881534069858700, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1 西安理工大学理学院 西安 710048)]), AuthorCompany(id=1200881534187299225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200881534195687834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, companyId=1200881534187299225, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200881534208270747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, companyId=1200881534187299225, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室(西安交通大学) 西安 710049)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1200881539207881370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Flow chart of PA66 dynamic model establishment, figureFileSmall=gP8MF+sIWtYHTqbLvMcuqQ==, figureFileBig=c1+/rPqY/iI8aHtdSTSI7Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881539291767457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
PA66动力学模型建立流程, figureFileSmall=gP8MF+sIWtYHTqbLvMcuqQ==, figureFileBig=c1+/rPqY/iI8aHtdSTSI7Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881539480511145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Changes in RMSD during relaxation process, figureFileSmall=qP0N1xClTVTt5/LwpvjJsQ==, figureFileBig=JLWIY0elrEFO2OYVP40C3Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881539610534579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
弛豫过程中RMSD的变化, figureFileSmall=qP0N1xClTVTt5/LwpvjJsQ==, figureFileBig=JLWIY0elrEFO2OYVP40C3Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881539857998522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Settings for temperatures and heating rates, figureFileSmall=UhPHSz6N6dALsP7LJSGggA==, figureFileBig=tEzPWAnoaDNjFOX+e3e/fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881540994654918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
温度和升温速率的设定, figureFileSmall=UhPHSz6N6dALsP7LJSGggA==, figureFileBig=tEzPWAnoaDNjFOX+e3e/fw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881541145649871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
The influence of temperature on the pyrolysis, figureFileSmall=t9Um3OatDJ0OlgzqfcPsQg==, figureFileBig=rgPSXmU0b3Uzl2segNRHIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881541296644829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
温度对热解的影响, figureFileSmall=t9Um3OatDJ0OlgzqfcPsQg==, figureFileBig=rgPSXmU0b3Uzl2segNRHIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881541422473960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
The influence of temperature on pyrolysis products, figureFileSmall=HyF1xzTIaqghec1g7u2nNw==, figureFileBig=t6jwHb0pcrSI3Xlzr2Bn9Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881541544108786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
温度对热解产物的影响, figureFileSmall=HyF1xzTIaqghec1g7u2nNw==, figureFileBig=t6jwHb0pcrSI3Xlzr2Bn9Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881541883847431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Distribution of small molecules in the system, figureFileSmall=fdUp3orYiTce4B3Kzlk6oA==, figureFileBig=oqkn6fONzzcvW2DHTeF2DQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881542030648080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
体系小分子分布情况, figureFileSmall=fdUp3orYiTce4B3Kzlk6oA==, figureFileBig=oqkn6fONzzcvW2DHTeF2DQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881542185837338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
The influence of temperature on the dominant gases, figureFileSmall=eguPa8/Q63m6TIZG5YPzQw==, figureFileBig=UIAccF6crYm9nBo+klIE+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881542391358247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
温度对主导气体的影响, figureFileSmall=eguPa8/Q63m6TIZG5YPzQw==, figureFileBig=UIAccF6crYm9nBo+klIE+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881542500410159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
The influence of heating rates on the pyrolysis, figureFileSmall=dqxeN13Zny+tSnKRL4Mpyw==, figureFileBig=+3nBaSuidNmG7Yzb83m8hQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881542601073461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
升温速率对热解的影响, figureFileSmall=dqxeN13Zny+tSnKRL4Mpyw==, figureFileBig=+3nBaSuidNmG7Yzb83m8hQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881542781428542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
The influence of heating rates on pyrolysis products, figureFileSmall=OMG8GJR0nUI7iic9Kg/YaA==, figureFileBig=tPGaPII+QdP2F2duQBTMKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881542886286154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
升温速率对热解产物的影响, figureFileSmall=OMG8GJR0nUI7iic9Kg/YaA==, figureFileBig=tPGaPII+QdP2F2duQBTMKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881543003726667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=
Decomposition path of PA66 molecular pyrolysis, figureFileSmall=mtpWNi5QKqWiNkBuwYyHGw==, figureFileBig=lt2o+LbiTw8Losqo1eQUVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881543116972880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
PA66分子热解的分解路径, figureFileSmall=mtpWNi5QKqWiNkBuwYyHGw==, figureFileBig=lt2o+LbiTw8Losqo1eQUVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881543213441881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
The generation mechanism of H2, figureFileSmall=FY5xdCWlouwFpYybDiIumw==, figureFileBig=5gv+EZYEwVz65KQ02REJCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881543335076699, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
H2分子生成机理, figureFileSmall=FY5xdCWlouwFpYybDiIumw==, figureFileBig=5gv+EZYEwVz65KQ02REJCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881543469294433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
The generation mechanism of H2O, figureFileSmall=rdQTvzngfFzfyG0Xkobtsw==, figureFileBig=wqbVQ9m52cwBL1CME2VbtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881543586734952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
H2O分子生成机理, figureFileSmall=rdQTvzngfFzfyG0Xkobtsw==, figureFileBig=wqbVQ9m52cwBL1CME2VbtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881543716758381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=
The generation mechanism of CO, figureFileSmall=z5S1OUImbpw3eU7sG+Wtow==, figureFileBig=ODL33DeoGrZDXp+zQ6ZIvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881543859364722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图13, caption=
CO分子生成机理, figureFileSmall=z5S1OUImbpw3eU7sG+Wtow==, figureFileBig=ODL33DeoGrZDXp+zQ6ZIvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881543980999542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=
Distribution of tar and coke molecules, figureFileSmall=eBkap6+Lkj6BRclqYBDTYg==, figureFileBig=wlOuJJY3rUb5uF6A13G+1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881544186520446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图14, caption=
焦油和焦炭分子数量分布, figureFileSmall=eBkap6+Lkj6BRclqYBDTYg==, figureFileBig=wlOuJJY3rUb5uF6A13G+1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881544299766667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig. 15, caption=
Distribution of the number of polycyclic molecules, figureFileSmall=uz8gtD3I2Fk51xKg4E2Djw==, figureFileBig=RQb2w0hIFYUVxESQ1AnOqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881545511920526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图15, caption=
多元环分子数量分布, figureFileSmall=uz8gtD3I2Fk51xKg4E2Djw==, figureFileBig=RQb2w0hIFYUVxESQ1AnOqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881545650332566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.16, caption=
Snapshots of cyclic molecules at 500 ps, figureFileSmall=iyXdTDNSLQZnwzD8LfjHUg==, figureFileBig=iIAHR1+iTKbwb0RzNRPp1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881545834881949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图16, caption=
环状分子在500 ps时的快照, figureFileSmall=iyXdTDNSLQZnwzD8LfjHUg==, figureFileBig=iIAHR1+iTKbwb0RzNRPp1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881546006848422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.17, caption=
Pyrolysis gas spectrum/mass spectrometry experiment, figureFileSmall=t7k1Slau4smiNGGI86Znyw==, figureFileBig=Rko+BPhq92N552RqVWbJlw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881546187203500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图17, caption=
热裂解-气谱/质谱实验, figureFileSmall=t7k1Slau4smiNGGI86Znyw==, figureFileBig=Rko+BPhq92N552RqVWbJlw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881546388530103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.18, caption=
GC/MS distribution of PA66 pyrolysis gas, figureFileSmall=5cys7D6YuSo9mYRvsaiNDg==, figureFileBig=/i2pHSMz1POhLq4vjO9ZVA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881546560496578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图18, caption=
PA66热解气体的气谱/质谱分布, figureFileSmall=5cys7D6YuSo9mYRvsaiNDg==, figureFileBig=/i2pHSMz1POhLq4vjO9ZVA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881546719880139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.19, caption=
Thermal decomposition kinetics of PA66 at different heating rates, figureFileSmall=1Wz+TLjWW9tEZr/MlhAjYA==, figureFileBig=pAbvjZCuDOsWhS5zF0FlJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881546900235215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图19, caption=
PA66在不同升温速率下的热解动力学特性, figureFileSmall=1Wz+TLjWW9tEZr/MlhAjYA==, figureFileBig=pAbvjZCuDOsWhS5zF0FlJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881547076395992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.20, caption=
Activation energy fitting diagram, figureFileSmall=Nfx669sZ1BpQ9N8FB/1TFw==, figureFileBig=WG4aeqII6lCdBX9vyjYBAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881547219002338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图20, caption=
活化能拟合图, figureFileSmall=Nfx669sZ1BpQ9N8FB/1TFw==, figureFileBig=WG4aeqII6lCdBX9vyjYBAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881547340637163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.21, caption=
Plot of the number of molecules fitted to the rate of descent k, figureFileSmall=hyPjXELFZuM7EtIIuQs/DA==, figureFileBig=IV1S4N9YH78UolZsrDmxfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881547474854899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图21, caption=
分子数量与热分解速率k拟合图, figureFileSmall=hyPjXELFZuM7EtIIuQs/DA==, figureFileBig=IV1S4N9YH78UolZsrDmxfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881547583906809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.22, caption=
Activation energy fitting image, figureFileSmall=wzTpRLNEYsiWLdKL+yJEFw==, figureFileBig=OPcr9iKmkXTRu23m6U8VdA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881547680375804, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图22, caption=
活化能拟合图像, figureFileSmall=wzTpRLNEYsiWLdKL+yJEFw==, figureFileBig=OPcr9iKmkXTRu23m6U8VdA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881547848146948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.23, caption=
The main gas distribution of three common gas producing materials, figureFileSmall=igv3B+Bn4RGhKKOTF2mRcg==, figureFileBig=rZsHnPpnwQyPgGYaP8FBGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881547978170377, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图23, caption=
三种常见产气材料的主要气体分布, figureFileSmall=igv3B+Bn4RGhKKOTF2mRcg==, figureFileBig=rZsHnPpnwQyPgGYaP8FBGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881548095610894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Fig.24, caption=
Comparison of transient air pressure of three common gassing materials, figureFileSmall=MVR2wYmQKBnhtgkk7Dvjkg==, figureFileBig=tef8NalmDuLkxYFOo+VRuw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881548338880536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=图24, caption=
三种常见产气材料的瞬态气压对比, figureFileSmall=MVR2wYmQKBnhtgkk7Dvjkg==, figureFileBig=tef8NalmDuLkxYFOo+VRuw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200881548477292577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Possible side reactions of CO at high temperatures
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 反应类型 | 化学反应式 |
| 氧化反应 | 2CO+O2→2CO2 |
| 水煤气反应 | CO+3H2→CH4+H2O |
| Diels-Alder反应 | CO+C4H6→C5H6O |
| C3/C4反应 | CO+C3H6→C4H6O |
| 成环反应 | CO+C2H4→C3H6O |
), ArticleFig(id=1200881548632481831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
高温下CO可能发生的副反应
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 反应类型 | 化学反应式 |
| 氧化反应 | 2CO+O2→2CO2 |
| 水煤气反应 | CO+3H2→CH4+H2O |
| Diels-Alder反应 | CO+C4H6→C5H6O |
| C3/C4反应 | CO+C3H6→C4H6O |
| 成环反应 | CO+C2H4→C3H6O |
), ArticleFig(id=1200881548707979310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Tn of PA66 and the corresponding calculated values when the heating rate is different (单位: ℃)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Tn | 5℃/min | 10℃/min | 15℃/min | 20℃/min |
| T10 | 384.958 5 | 398.75 | 405.875 | 411.5 |
| T20 | 397.541 5 | 409.25 | 417.625 | 423.833 5 |
| T30 | 404.083 | 415.833 | 424.5 | 431 |
| T40 | 408.667 | 420.667 | 429.5 | 436.667 |
| T50 | 412.917 | 425.167 | 434 | 441.333 |
| T60 | 417.167 | 429.609 5 | 438.666 7 | 446.251 8 |
| T70 | 422.209 2 | 434.904 7 | 444 | 451.675 |
| T75 | 425.369 | 438.11 | 447.2 | 454.85 |
| T80 | 429.333 | 442.147 9 | 451.093 6 | 458.531 |
| T85 | 434.25 | 446.920 1 | 455.785 6 | 462.905 5 |
| T90 | 440.75 | 453.608 2 | 462.334 7 | 468.992 4 |
| T95 | 451.525 4 | 465 | 473.299 5 | 479.051 7 |
), ArticleFig(id=1200881549903355960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1195437522558959867, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
升温速率不同时PA66的Tn和相应的温度值
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Tn | 5℃/min | 10℃/min | 15℃/min | 20℃/min |
| T10 | 384.958 5 | 398.75 | 405.875 | 411.5 |
| T20 | 397.541 5 | 409.25 | 417.625 | 423.833 5 |
| T30 | 404.083 | 415.833 | 424.5 | 431 |
| T40 | 408.667 | 420.667 | 429.5 | 436.667 |
| T50 | 412.917 | 425.167 | 434 | 441.333 |
| T60 | 417.167 | 429.609 5 | 438.666 7 | 446.251 8 |
| T70 | 422.209 2 | 434.904 7 | 444 | 451.675 |
| T75 | 425.369 | 438.11 | 447.2 | 454.85 |
| T80 | 429.333 | 442.147 9 | 451.093 6 | 458.531 |
| T85 | 434.25 | 446.920 1 | 455.785 6 | 462.905 5 |
| T90 | 440.75 | 453.608 2 | 462.334 7 | 468.992 4 |
| T95 | 451.525 4 | 465 | 473.299 5 | 479.051 7 |
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Activation energy data from fitting
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| Tn | 截距/ (℃/min) | 斜率 | R2 | E/(kJ/mol) | E平均值/ (kJ/mol) |
| T10 | 16.25 | -10 240.34 | 0.999 95 | 186.42 | 194.85 |
| T20 | 16.67 | -10 705.88 | 0.999 89 | 194.90 |
| T30 | 16.46 | -10 665.75 | 0.999 89 | 194.16 |
| T40 | 16.02 | -10 436.62 | 0.999 78 | 189.99 |
| T50 | 15.92 | -10 429.93 | 0.999 78 | 189.87 |
| T60 | 15.67 | -10 324.25 | 0.999 76 | 187.95 |
| T70 | 15.60 | -10 349.57 | 0.999 78 | 188.41 |
| T75 | 15.65 | -10 436.94 | 0.999 79 | 190.00 |
| T80 | 15.87 | -10 652.31 | 0.999 83 | 193.92 |
| T85 | 16.23 | -10 980.70 | 0.999 86 | 199.90 |
| T90 | 16.56 | -11 318.91 | 0.999 93 | 206.06 |
| T95 | 16.25 | -10 240.34 | 0.999 95 | 216.60 |
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拟合得到的活化能数据
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| Tn | 截距/ (℃/min) | 斜率 | R2 | E/(kJ/mol) | E平均值/ (kJ/mol) |
| T10 | 16.25 | -10 240.34 | 0.999 95 | 186.42 | 194.85 |
| T20 | 16.67 | -10 705.88 | 0.999 89 | 194.90 |
| T30 | 16.46 | -10 665.75 | 0.999 89 | 194.16 |
| T40 | 16.02 | -10 436.62 | 0.999 78 | 189.99 |
| T50 | 15.92 | -10 429.93 | 0.999 78 | 189.87 |
| T60 | 15.67 | -10 324.25 | 0.999 76 | 187.95 |
| T70 | 15.60 | -10 349.57 | 0.999 78 | 188.41 |
| T75 | 15.65 | -10 436.94 | 0.999 79 | 190.00 |
| T80 | 15.87 | -10 652.31 | 0.999 83 | 193.92 |
| T85 | 16.23 | -10 980.70 | 0.999 86 | 199.90 |
| T90 | 16.56 | -11 318.91 | 0.999 93 | 206.06 |
| T95 | 16.25 | -10 240.34 | 0.999 95 | 216.60 |
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Thermal decomposition rate and corresponding temperature
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| 温度/K | 热分解速率 |
| 2 000 | 0.087 |
| 2 200 | 0.155 |
| 2 300 | 0.228 |
| 2 400 | 0.346 |
| 2 500 | 0.503 |
| 2 600 | 0.767 |
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热分解速率及对应温度
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| 温度/K | 热分解速率 |
| 2 000 | 0.087 |
| 2 200 | 0.155 |
| 2 300 | 0.228 |
| 2 400 | 0.346 |
| 2 500 | 0.503 |
| 2 600 | 0.767 |
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