Article(id=1193220120949522617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, issueId=1193220111252287672, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.241626, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1726156800000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-13, revisedDate=1729612800000, revisedDateStr=2024-10-23, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762415445791, onlineDateStr=2025-11-06, pubDate=1749484800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762415445791, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762415445791, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762415445791, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1193220111252287672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, year='2025', volume='40', issue='11', pageStart='3339', pageEnd='3690', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762415443479, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762417281749, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1193227821549056568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, issueId=1193220111252287672, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1193227821549056569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, issueId=1193220111252287672, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3476, endPage=3485, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1193220121213763771, articleId=1193220120949522617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, language=EN, title=Detection Method of Low-Voltage Neutral-Live Electric Shock Based on Fault Dynamic Characteristics and Light Gradient Boosting Machine, columnId=null, journalTitle=Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Current electric shock detection methods are primarily designed to address faults between the live wire and the ground wire, mainly relying on monitoring changes in residual current to identify issues. However, in the case of a neutral-to-live electric shock fault, the fault circuit often does not cause a significant change in the residual current. This presents a considerable challenge for existing detection methods when it comes to identifying neutral-to-live electric shock incidents.
To address the aforementioned issues, a low-voltage neutral-to-live electric shock faults detection method based on dynamic fault characteristics and a light gradient boosting machine has been proposed. Firstly, a 1:1 prototype experimental platform for a low-voltage distribution network was established in a real system. Under various operating scenarios involving multiple household loads, experiments reproducing live neutral shock faults were conducted alongside control experiments using a sliding resistor to replace the electrically shocked body. A substantial amount of experimental samples representing both fault and normal operating states was collected, creating a comprehensive database. Secondly, the complexity of neutral-to-live electric shock faults is assessed based on the interference of load current on fault current. A fault circuit electrical equivalent model is established by considering the dynamic resistance and breakdown arcs at the dual contact points of the neutral-to-live shock, in conjunction with biological dynamic impedance. The impact of fault current on the main circuit current is analyzed. Finally, features of the main circuit current are extracted from the perspective of magnitude and high-frequency components, and the temporal changes of individual features before and after the occurrence of faults are compared. Given the difficulty in clearly distinguishing between fault and non-fault states based on individual features alone, along with the fact that these features exhibit varying sensitivity to both states, a multidimensional representation of the system state is employed. Following an ensemble computational approach, a lightweight gradient boosting machine model is developed, leveraging its uni-directional gradient sampling method and ensemble operation mechanism to accurately classify the two states.
The proposed method was evaluated on a test dataset consisting of 50 666 samples, achieving an overall accuracy of 96.82%. Specifically, the identification accuracy for 35 831 normal samples was 97.50%, while the accuracy for 14 835 neutral-to-live electric shock faults was 95.17%. The test results indicated that the proposed method could accurately distinguish neutral-to-live electric shock faults from normal operating conditions, including those in the control group with the sliding rheostat added, even when the fault information was significantly obscured by high load currents. Compared to existing methods, the proposed approach shows an advantage in accurately detecting low-voltage neutral-to-live electric shock faults.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the analysis: (1) By incorporating the time-varying impedance of biological tissues, variations in contact resistance, and breakdown arcs, the dynamic characteristics of faults were examined, revealing two effects of neutral-to-live electric shock faults on the main circuit current: changes in current magnitude and variations in high-frequency components. These findings served as the basis for constructing feature vectors. (2) The contribution of individual features to distinguishing between neutral-to-live electric shock faults and normal operating conditions is limited, resulting in significant inter-class ambiguity that can easily disrupt the sample fitting performance of traditional pattern recognition models. However, if features can exhibit a certain degree of sensitivity across different classes, the combination of multidimensional features can facilitate comprehensive discrimination. (3) Due to its inherent resilience to disturbances, the ensemble model can effectively mitigate interference caused by inter-class ambiguity and demonstrate strong generalization capabilities.
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针对低压配电网零火触电故障检测存在的挑战,提出一种基于故障动态特性与轻量级梯度提升机(LightGBM)的低压零火触电检测方法。首先,在真实系统中搭建低压配电网1:1真型实验平台,重现多种家用负载的多模式运行场景,建立覆盖系统故障与非故障状态的真型样本库;其次,考虑接触点动态电阻、生物动态电阻和击穿电弧,建立故障回路电学等效模型,分析故障电流对主线路电流的影响方式;然后,从幅值和高频分量的角度提取主线路电流特征,比较故障发生前后单个特征的时序变化情况,搭建轻量级梯度提升机模型,利用其单边梯度采样模式与集成运行机制,实现两种状态的准确分类;最后,在规模为50 666个样本的测试集中,所提方法的准确率达到了96.82%,其中,35 831个正常状态样本的辨识准确率为97.50%,14 835个零火触电故障样本的准确率为95.17%。与现有方法相比,该方法在检测低压零火触电故障的准确性方面具有优势。
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仝海昕 男,1996年生,博士研究生,研究方向为低压配电网人身触电防护。E-mail: tonghaixin@stu.csust.edu.cn
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仝海昕 男,1996年生,博士研究生,研究方向为低压配电网人身触电防护。E-mail: tonghaixin@stu.csust.edu.cn
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2017: 1-9., articleTitle=31st Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS 2017), refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1193220837114348095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, awardId=52037001, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金重点项目(52037001), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1193220837198234176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, awardId=CX20220858, language=CN, fundingSource=湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20220858), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1193220830957109767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193220830965498376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, companyId=1193220830957109767, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Reduction for Power Grid Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha 410114 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193220830973886985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, companyId=1193220830957109767, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=电网防灾减灾全国重点实验室(长沙理工大学) 长沙 410114)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1193220832785826342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Structure of the low-voltage distribution network electric shock fault real experimental platform, figureFileSmall=9I3qNqO6isLhI1oRylq9cw==, figureFileBig=2GAtFxlKpCi9+mJvO4wW4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220832878101031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
低压配电网触电故障真型实验平台结构, figureFileSmall=9I3qNqO6isLhI1oRylq9cw==, figureFileBig=2GAtFxlKpCi9+mJvO4wW4g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220833041678888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
The current waveforms of the main circuit and fault branch before and after a neutral-live electric shock, figureFileSmall=qggJODkE23Ls1mt5ewuWAw==, figureFileBig=mI1ecYem5ZfoKT7DlwrYPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220833087816233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
零火触电发生前后主线路、故障支路的电流波形, figureFileSmall=qggJODkE23Ls1mt5ewuWAw==, figureFileBig=mI1ecYem5ZfoKT7DlwrYPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220833184285226, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Equivalent analysis diagram of neutral-live electric shock fault branch, figureFileSmall=1mjNK6d8u9azfpP3zn6A4A==, figureFileBig=uMRny3deaFG/Rf3le+hBAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220833230422571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
零火触电故障支路等效分析示意图, figureFileSmall=1mjNK6d8u9azfpP3zn6A4A==, figureFileBig=uMRny3deaFG/Rf3le+hBAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220833280754220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Time sequence analysis of main line current features, figureFileSmall=AZBCzuG6aLHam0juMFkulA==, figureFileBig=11tKWlFAW24B62dUBaK70g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220833364640301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
主线路电流特征时序分析, figureFileSmall=AZBCzuG6aLHam0juMFkulA==, figureFileBig=11tKWlFAW24B62dUBaK70g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220833503052334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Extraction diagram of periodic subsequences, figureFileSmall=mfztMaZftYTS7q+5P3aObA==, figureFileBig=8qPhkkhpnwj/+/9noNnqyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220835973497391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
周期整点子序列提取示意图, figureFileSmall=mfztMaZftYTS7q+5P3aObA==, figureFileBig=8qPhkkhpnwj/+/9noNnqyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220836069966385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Schematic diagram of LightGBM model training, figureFileSmall=fJAIUAus9AV1mTF669ru6g==, figureFileBig=vnhfIonqQwMn9dvwgvZsow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220836128686642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
LightGBM模型训练示意图, figureFileSmall=fJAIUAus9AV1mTF669ru6g==, figureFileBig=vnhfIonqQwMn9dvwgvZsow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220836225155635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Schematic diagram of NLED method operation, figureFileSmall=lSOuwev8ozQw8lmY9nsxnA==, figureFileBig=m6Zltf5PUEiPyNnfqsJc1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220836288070196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
NLED方法运行示意图, figureFileSmall=lSOuwev8ozQw8lmY9nsxnA==, figureFileBig=m6Zltf5PUEiPyNnfqsJc1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220836355179061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Confusion matrix of the test results for NLED method, figureFileSmall=wsnxmESS+G65ZPaDvUg7cQ==, figureFileBig=jXZ8qrZkgS+eZlgc2kBDpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220836439065142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
NLED方法测试结果的混淆矩阵, figureFileSmall=wsnxmESS+G65ZPaDvUg7cQ==, figureFileBig=jXZ8qrZkgS+eZlgc2kBDpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220836543922743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
The confusion matrix of the identification results on the test set for the method in Ref.[23], figureFileSmall=WXLDZGPzWo6oYC9aUWCnpw==, figureFileBig=QQHF/N8wIPBX2mKgWvPXNQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220836602643000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
文献[23]方法在测试集辨识结果的混淆矩阵, figureFileSmall=WXLDZGPzWo6oYC9aUWCnpw==, figureFileBig=QQHF/N8wIPBX2mKgWvPXNQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220836657168953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
The confusion matrix of the identification results on the test set for the method in Ref.[25], figureFileSmall=Ew3OsPqlSlxxpWkyWtOPYQ==, figureFileBig=J5YvLnjEMsVQGIQI9zqAGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220836711694906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
文献[25]方法在测试集辨识结果的混淆矩阵, figureFileSmall=Ew3OsPqlSlxxpWkyWtOPYQ==, figureFileBig=J5YvLnjEMsVQGIQI9zqAGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220836791386683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Selected values of model hyperparameters
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 超参数 | 候选值 | 选定值 |
| 叶子节点数 | 3, 7, 10, 30, 40, 60 | 30 |
| 评估器个数 | 40, 80, 100, 120 | 100 |
| 学习率 | 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 | 0.6 |
| 最小叶子节点样本数 | 1, 6, 10, 30, 50 | 30 |
| 最大深度 | 6, 8, 11, 15, 30, 80 | 15 |
), ArticleFig(id=1193220836887855676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
模型超参数选定值
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 超参数 | 候选值 | 选定值 |
| 叶子节点数 | 3, 7, 10, 30, 40, 60 | 30 |
| 评估器个数 | 40, 80, 100, 120 | 100 |
| 学习率 | 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 | 0.6 |
| 最小叶子节点样本数 | 1, 6, 10, 30, 50 | 30 |
| 最大深度 | 6, 8, 11, 15, 30, 80 | 15 |
), ArticleFig(id=1193220836954964541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Comparison and analysis of the NLED method with existing methods
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 对比指标 | 文献[23] | 文献[24] | 文献[25] | NLED 方法 |
| 是否具备零火触电检测能力 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 是 |
| 测试集样本数 | 120 | 400 | 80 | 50 666 |
| 是否考虑触电动物抖动情况 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 是 |
| 测试集准确率(%) | 91.65 | | 90.92 | 96.82 |
), ArticleFig(id=1193220837017879102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220120949522617, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
NLED方法与现有方法的对比分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 对比指标 | 文献[23] | 文献[24] | 文献[25] | NLED 方法 |
| 是否具备零火触电检测能力 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 是 |
| 测试集样本数 | 120 | 400 | 80 | 50 666 |
| 是否考虑触电动物抖动情况 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 是 |
| 测试集准确率(%) | 91.65 | | 90.92 | 96.82 |
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