Article(id=1193220114519654555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, issueId=1193220111252287672, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240774, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1715616000000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-14, revisedDate=1723824000000, revisedDateStr=2024-08-17, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762415444259, onlineDateStr=2025-11-06, pubDate=1749484800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762415444259, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762415444259, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762415444259, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1193220111252287672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, year='2025', volume='40', issue='11', pageStart='3339', pageEnd='3690', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1762415443479, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762417281749, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1193227821549056568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, issueId=1193220111252287672, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1193227821549056569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, issueId=1193220111252287672, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3545, endPage=3559, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1193220114700009628, articleId=1193220114519654555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, language=EN, title=Efficient Sequential Optimization Method for Inter-Provincial Medium- and Long-Term Power Transaction Clearing Problem under Multiple-Solution Scenarios, columnId=null, journalTitle=Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
With the development of the national unified electricity market, the market scale has gradually increased. Take inter-provincial medium- and long-term power transaction as an example, the number of market participants is over a thousand. The similarity of the bid prices of numerous market participants is likely to lead to multiple purchasing and selling pairs having the same social welfare. As a result, the market clearing problem that maximizes social welfare may have multiple optimal solutions. To ensure the effectiveness and fairness of market clearing, the multi-level objective sequential optimization should be implemented under multiple-solution scenarios. However, the existing methods based on multi-objective optimization cannot balance effectiveness and efficiency. To address this issue, take inter-provincial medium- and long-term power transaction that may have multiple solutions as a research objective, an efficient multi-level objective sequential optimization method is proposed in this paper. The main contributions are illustrated as follows:
First, the market clearing model with multi-level objective sequential optimization is established. Four objective functions are considered according to the industrial practices, including maximizing social welfare, maximizing transaction volume of renewable energy, maximizing total transaction volume, and equally distributing tradable power among purchasing and selling pairs with the same social welfare. Market clearing models considering the aforementioned four objective functions are separately established. The optimal objective functions of the preorder model are used as the operating constraints of the subsequent model to ensure the optimality of the objective functions with high priorities. By sequential solving these four market clearing models, the market clearing effectiveness and fairness can be guaranteed even under multiple-solution scenarios.
Second, the multiple-solution judgment auxiliary optimization model for the market clearing problem is established based on the bound constraints of the optimal solution, according to which the multiple-solution characteristics of market clearing problems can be recognized. The recognized multiple-solution characteristics can provide support for market operators to design the measure for handling multiple-solution scenarios. For instance, more objective functions can be introduced if multiple-solution scenarios cannot be effectively avoided after the sequential optimization of four objective functions. Besides, regarding the computational burden caused by the solution to four market clearing models, the multiple-solution judgment auxiliary optimization model is embedded into the sequential optimization process to simplify the clearing process by avoiding unnecessary optimization.
Third, to meet the calculation efficiency demand, the lossless acceleration method for market clearing based on solution information of the preorder model is proposed. For the market clearing models with multi-level objective functions, the optimal solution of the preorder model is used as the high-quality initial feasible solution of the subsequent model, which can guide the warm-start accelerating process of the subsequent model without the loss of accuracy. For the multiple-solution judgment auxiliary optimization model, the optimal solution of the preorder model is used as the initial feasible solution. Based on this, the termination criterion for the calculation process is established according to the comparison between the initial objective function and the current objective function. In this way, the judgment process can be accelerated without affecting judgment accuracy.
Finally, case studies based on practical inter-provincial medium- and long-term transaction data in China demonstrate that the proposed method can greatly improve the market clearing effect for the subordinate objectives while ensuring the optimality of the primary objective. In addition, benefiting from the proposed model solution acceleration strategy and the sequential optimization process simplification strategy, the market clearing efficiency can be improved by 37 times without the loss of accuracy under the typical scenario.
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随着全国统一电力市场建设的推进,我国市场规模逐步增长。以省间电力交易为例,当前市场主体已达上千个。由于大量市场主体报价具有相似性,可能导致市场出现多组具有相同社会福利的购售匹配对,使得最大化社会福利的出清问题存在多个最优解。为保障出清的有效性与公平性,多解场景下需开展多层目标顺次寻优,但现有基于多目标优化的方法难以兼顾出清效果和效率。对此,该文以存在多解场景的省间电力交易问题为研究对象,提出多层目标顺次寻优的高效出清方法:构建多层目标顺次寻优出清模型,前序模型的最优目标函数将作为后续模型的约束,以确保高优先级目标函数的最优性;提出基于最优解达界约束的出清问题多解判定模型,以帮助了解出清问题的多解性,同时,将其嵌入顺次寻优出清流程,通过避免无效寻优实现出清进程加速;提出有效利用前序模型求解信息的出清无损加速方法,以满足计算效率要求。基于我国实际交易数据的算例仿真表明,所提方法可在保障首要目标最优性的前提下,有效地提升面向次要目标的出清效果;所提加速策略可将典型场景的出清计算效率无损提高37倍。
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1 State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1193220496499114247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, authorId=1193220496335536387, language=CN, stringName=向明旭, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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向明旭 男,1994年生,博士,助理研究员,研究方向为电力市场、电力优化调度等。E-mail:mxxiang@cqu.edu.cn
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向明旭 男,1994年生,博士,助理研究员,研究方向为电力市场、电力优化调度等。E-mail:mxxiang@cqu.edu.cn
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2 China Electric Power Research Institute (Nanjing) Nanjing 210003 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1193220496914350353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, authorId=1193220496750772494, language=CN, stringName=曹晓峻, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1 State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193220496088072443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, companyId=1193220496067100921, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1 输变电装备技术全国重点实验室(重庆大学) 重庆 400044)]), AuthorCompany(id=1193220496150987004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193220496159375613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, companyId=1193220496150987004, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 China Electric Power Research Institute (Nanjing) Nanjing 210003 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193220496167764222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, companyId=1193220496150987004, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2 中国电力科学研究院有限公司(南京) 南京 210003)]), AuthorCompany(id=1193220496234873087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193220496243261697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, companyId=1193220496234873087, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3 Beijing Power Trading Center Co. Ltd Beijing 100031 China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1193220496251650305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, companyId=1193220496234873087, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3 北京电力交易中心有限公司 北京 100031)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1193220498130698535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Schematic of market clearing of inter-provincial medium- and long-term power transaction, figureFileSmall=SPaLjgoRXeTKnYdU8YW0gg==, figureFileBig=lu3e718TTEQ41pxvx7iv8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220498277499176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
省间电力中长期交易出清优化示意图, figureFileSmall=SPaLjgoRXeTKnYdU8YW0gg==, figureFileBig=lu3e718TTEQ41pxvx7iv8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220498562711849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Method comparison for handling market clearing problem of inter-provincial medium- and long-term power transaction with multiple solutions, figureFileSmall=TskbePjF5Wrw12r3DGtdRg==, figureFileBig=s0thH9iuy7KY7cgyc5/g3A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220498654986538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
省间电力中长期交易出清问题多解处理方式对比, figureFileSmall=TskbePjF5Wrw12r3DGtdRg==, figureFileBig=s0thH9iuy7KY7cgyc5/g3A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220498726289707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Market clearing idea of inter-provincial medium- and long-term power transaction with sequential optimization for multi-level objectives, figureFileSmall=bZjXr51FlT4pO4hitx23yQ==, figureFileBig=JUeafue4ChBuqU9CPNoocQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220498785009964, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
多层目标顺次寻优的省间电力中长期交易出清流程, figureFileSmall=bZjXr51FlT4pO4hitx23yQ==, figureFileBig=JUeafue4ChBuqU9CPNoocQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220498856313133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Relative error convergence curves of M3 and M4 during the optimization for the second-level objective in S2, figureFileSmall=h7ZB0u7X7UtCSU1XWiFFHg==, figureFileBig=r6xH1i3cBcz9tPURYJp+hQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220498931810606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
S2中M3和M4两种方法下二次寻优出清模型的相对误差收敛曲线, figureFileSmall=h7ZB0u7X7UtCSU1XWiFFHg==, figureFileBig=r6xH1i3cBcz9tPURYJp+hQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220498990530863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Objective function change curves of multiple solution judgment optimization model under M5-M6 in S2, figureFileSmall=QSatKUypXSKdHffmTTRp1w==, figureFileBig=14Mq82zg5hJFhP+VeWxU/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220499082805552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
S2中M5和M6两种方法下多解判定模型的目标函数变化曲线, figureFileSmall=QSatKUypXSKdHffmTTRp1w==, figureFileBig=14Mq82zg5hJFhP+VeWxU/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220499137331505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Objective function change curves of multiple solution judgment optimization model under M5 and M6 in S3, figureFileSmall=EO84oXHuKz+uA6I/1eErKA==, figureFileBig=Zxxii7T0YxCwekOIVWaGvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220499204440370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
S3中M5和M6两种方法下多解判定模型的目标函数变化曲线, figureFileSmall=EO84oXHuKz+uA6I/1eErKA==, figureFileBig=Zxxii7T0YxCwekOIVWaGvw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1193220499267354931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 算法1: 多解判定模型无损加速策略 |
输入:前序出清模型的最优解; 输出:出清问题多解判定结果。 1: 获取前序出清模型最优解x0 2: 以x0为初始解 3: 开始多解判定模型的最小化寻优 4: while 多解判定模型未寻得最优解: 5: 读取当前目标函数值 6: if 当前目标函数值<初始目标函数: 7: 终止求解,存在多解,输出结果 8: break 9: end while 10: if 求得最优解: 11: if 最优解目标函数值<初始目标函数: 12: 存在多解,输出结果 13: else: 14: 不存在多解,输出结果 |
), ArticleFig(id=1193220499363823924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=CN, label=, caption=
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 算法1: 多解判定模型无损加速策略 |
输入:前序出清模型的最优解; 输出:出清问题多解判定结果。 1: 获取前序出清模型最优解x0 2: 以x0为初始解 3: 开始多解判定模型的最小化寻优 4: while 多解判定模型未寻得最优解: 5: 读取当前目标函数值 6: if 当前目标函数值<初始目标函数: 7: 终止求解,存在多解,输出结果 8: break 9: end while 10: if 求得最优解: 11: if 最优解目标函数值<初始目标函数: 12: 存在多解,输出结果 13: else: 14: 不存在多解,输出结果 |
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Problem scale of the inter-provincial power transaction in S1~S3
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| 算例 | S1 | S2 | S3 |
| 售方数 | 69 | 274 | 274 |
| 购方数 | 26 | 26 | 26 |
| 路径数 | 378 | 378 | 378 |
| 时段数 | 720 | 720 | 720 |
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各算例中省间电力交易的问题规模
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| 算例 | S1 | S2 | S3 |
| 售方数 | 69 | 274 | 274 |
| 购方数 | 26 | 26 | 26 |
| 路径数 | 378 | 378 | 378 |
| 时段数 | 720 | 720 | 720 |
), ArticleFig(id=1193220499607093559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1193220114519654555, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Value of each objective function of market clearing results obtained by M1~M3 in S1
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| 目标函数 | Obj1 | Obj2 | Obj3 | Obj4 |
| M1 | 9 264 217 937 | 4 689 787.2 | 41 049 773.3 | 665 445 |
| M2(W1) | 9 264 005 911 | 6 122 636.3 | 41 055 833.8 | 377 270 |
| M2(W2) | 9 264 197 636 | 6 102 825.1 | 41 049 540.2 | 377 804 |
| M2(W3) | 9 264 200 629 | 6 055 094.4 | 41 049 709.3 | 377 354 |
| M3 | 9 264 217 937 | 6 094 486.2 | 41 049 773.4 | 0 |
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S1中M1~M3所得出清方案的各目标函数值
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 目标函数 | Obj1 | Obj2 | Obj3 | Obj4 |
| M1 | 9 264 217 937 | 4 689 787.2 | 41 049 773.3 | 665 445 |
| M2(W1) | 9 264 005 911 | 6 122 636.3 | 41 055 833.8 | 377 270 |
| M2(W2) | 9 264 197 636 | 6 102 825.1 | 41 049 540.2 | 377 804 |
| M2(W3) | 9 264 200 629 | 6 055 094.4 | 41 049 709.3 | 377 354 |
| M3 | 9 264 217 937 | 6 094 486.2 | 41 049 773.4 | 0 |
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Value of each objective function of market clearing results obtained by M1~M3 in S3
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| 目标函数 | Obj1 | Obj2 | Obj3 | Obj4 |
| M1 | 8 637 868 058 | 4 142 160.7 | 41 018 469.3 | 914 697 |
| M2(W1) | 8 637 866 764 | 13 758 474.3 | 41 019 721.7 | 921 734 |
| M2(W2) | 8 637 868 058 | 13 755 953.3 | 41 018 488.5 | 913 784 |
| M2(W3) | 8 637 868 058 | 13 755 953.3 | 41 018 488.5 | 918 257 |
| M3 | 8 637 868 058 | 13 756 656.0 | 41 018 487.9 | 0 |
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S3中M1~M3所得出清方案的各目标函数值
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| 目标函数 | Obj1 | Obj2 | Obj3 | Obj4 |
| M1 | 8 637 868 058 | 4 142 160.7 | 41 018 469.3 | 914 697 |
| M2(W1) | 8 637 866 764 | 13 758 474.3 | 41 019 721.7 | 921 734 |
| M2(W2) | 8 637 868 058 | 13 755 953.3 | 41 018 488.5 | 913 784 |
| M2(W3) | 8 637 868 058 | 13 755 953.3 | 41 018 488.5 | 918 257 |
| M3 | 8 637 868 058 | 13 756 656.0 | 41 018 487.9 | 0 |
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Changes of each objective function value during the process of sequential optimization for multi-level objective
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| 出清进程 | 目标函数 | 目标函数值 | 变化率(%) |
| 首次出清 | Obj1 | 9 264 217 936.7 | — |
| Obj2 | 4 689 787.2 | — |
| Obj3 | 41 049 773.3 | — |
| Obj4 | 665 445 | — |
| 二次寻优 | Obj1 | 9 264 217 936.7 | 0.00 |
| Obj2 | 6 094 486.2 | +29.95 |
| Obj3 | 41 049 773.3 | 0.00 |
| Obj4 | 0 | -100.00 |
| 三次寻优 | Obj1 | 9 264 217 936.7 | 0.00 |
| Obj2 | 6 094 486.2 | 0.00 |
| Obj3 | 41 049 773.4 | 0.00 |
| Obj4 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 四次寻优 | Obj1 | 926 421 7936.7 | 0.00 |
| Obj2 | 6 094 486.2 | 0.00 |
| Obj3 | 41 049 773.4 | 0.00 |
| Obj4 | 0 | 0.00 |
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多层次目标顺次寻优过程中各目标函数值的变化
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| 出清进程 | 目标函数 | 目标函数值 | 变化率(%) |
| 首次出清 | Obj1 | 9 264 217 936.7 | — |
| Obj2 | 4 689 787.2 | — |
| Obj3 | 41 049 773.3 | — |
| Obj4 | 665 445 | — |
| 二次寻优 | Obj1 | 9 264 217 936.7 | 0.00 |
| Obj2 | 6 094 486.2 | +29.95 |
| Obj3 | 41 049 773.3 | 0.00 |
| Obj4 | 0 | -100.00 |
| 三次寻优 | Obj1 | 9 264 217 936.7 | 0.00 |
| Obj2 | 6 094 486.2 | 0.00 |
| Obj3 | 41 049 773.4 | 0.00 |
| Obj4 | 0 | 0.00 |
| 四次寻优 | Obj1 | 926 421 7936.7 | 0.00 |
| Obj2 | 6 094 486.2 | 0.00 |
| Obj3 | 41 049 773.4 | 0.00 |
| Obj4 | 0 | 0.00 |
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Calculation performance of M3~M6 in S2
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| 出清进程 | 求解时间/s |
| M3 | M4 | M5 | M6 |
| 首次出清 | 301.85 | 301.85 | 301.85 | 301.85 |
| 二次寻优 | 524.27 | 13.08 | 524.27 | 13.08 |
| 多解判定(无多解) | — | — | 2 367.64 | 22.52 |
| 三次寻优 | 483.89 | 65.43 | 未求解 | 未求解 |
| 四次寻优 | 11 196.93 | 17.08 | 未求解 | 未求解 |
| 总耗时 | 12 506.94 | 397.44 | 3 193.76 | 337.45 |
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M3~M6在算例S2中的求解性能
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| 出清进程 | 求解时间/s |
| M3 | M4 | M5 | M6 |
| 首次出清 | 301.85 | 301.85 | 301.85 | 301.85 |
| 二次寻优 | 524.27 | 13.08 | 524.27 | 13.08 |
| 多解判定(无多解) | — | — | 2 367.64 | 22.52 |
| 三次寻优 | 483.89 | 65.43 | 未求解 | 未求解 |
| 四次寻优 | 11 196.93 | 17.08 | 未求解 | 未求解 |
| 总耗时 | 12 506.94 | 397.44 | 3 193.76 | 337.45 |
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Calculation performance of M4 and M6 in S3
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| 出清进程 | 求解时间/s |
| M4 | M6 |
| 首次出清 | 346.63 | 346.63 |
| 二次寻优 | 13.11 | 13.11 |
| 多解判定(有多解) | — | 25.87 |
| 三次寻优 | 65.08 | 65.08 |
| 四次寻优 | 21.71 | 21.71 |
| 总耗时 | 446.53 | 472.40 |
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M4和M6在算例S3中的求解性能
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| 出清进程 | 求解时间/s |
| M4 | M6 |
| 首次出清 | 346.63 | 346.63 |
| 二次寻优 | 13.11 | 13.11 |
| 多解判定(有多解) | — | 25.87 |
| 三次寻优 | 65.08 | 65.08 |
| 四次寻优 | 21.71 | 21.71 |
| 总耗时 | 446.53 | 472.40 |
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