Article(id=1192068211081359566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, issueId=1192068207398760622, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.241036, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1718553600000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-17, revisedDate=1723219200000, revisedDateStr=2024-08-10, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1762140809077, onlineDateStr=2025-11-03, pubDate=1752076800000, pubDateStr=2025-07-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762140809077, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-03, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762140809077, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762140809077, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1192068207398760622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, year='2025', volume='40', issue='13', pageStart='4017', pageEnd='4342', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1762140808200, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762417113496, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1193227115907740212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, issueId=1192068207398760622, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1193227115907740213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, issueId=1192068207398760622, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=4100, endPage=4111, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1192068211341406416, articleId=1192068211081359566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, language=EN, title=Semantic Description Method of High-Speed Railway Contact Net Insulator Defects Based on Diffusion Model Detection, columnId=null, journalTitle=Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
The catenary insulator is a critical component of the traction power supply system for high-speed railways. It not only provides electrical control insulation but also plays an essential role in supporting the catenary arm structure. Therefore, the operational safety of the insulator is directly related to the stability of the entire high-speed railway system. However, the detection of insulator defects is often subject to various interferences due to the complex and dynamic railway environment, resulting in low detection accuracy. Moreover, traditional detection methods generally only identify the presence of defects but fail to provide specific semantic descriptions of these defects. This limitation significantly hampers the efficiency of fault diagnosis and maintenance operations. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a defect description method for insulators based on a diffusion model. This method optimizes existing detection technologies in several ways, enabling the model to not only detect insulator defects more accurately but also generate detailed textual descriptions of these defects.
Firstly, we designed a large-kernel spatial selection feature extraction network. Compared to traditional feature extraction networks, this network captures the feature information of insulator defects through larger spatial convolution kernels, significantly enhancing the model's ability to extract insulator defect features. The model can accurately identify potential defects in the insulator, even in complex backgrounds. Secondly, we proposed a detection decoder with a fusion diffusion mechanism based on the diffusion model. This decoder generates noise boxes and uses inverse Bayesian diffusion to restore predictions of the insulator's true bounding box, significantly improving the model's resistance to background interference. This innovation allows the model to more effectively isolate background noise in complex environments, thereby improving the accuracy of defect detection. Finally, to address the limitations of traditional detection models in semantic description, we designed an encoder and decoder based on a cross-attention mechanism to achieve cross-modal mapping between images and text. By using the BLIP model driven by a text filtering mechanism, the model can generate corresponding textual descriptions of the defects based on the detection results. The functionality not only provides maintenance personnel with more intuitive references but also greatly enhances the efficiency of fault handling. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of our method. The proposed insulator defect detection model achieved the mAP0.5 of 93.04% and the AR and F1-score of up to 83.22% and 82.91%. The BLEU achieved 83.51%, with CIDEr of 1.94, ROUGE-L of 81.59%, METEOR of 51.50%, and SPICE of 37.88%.
The experimental results lead to the following conclusions: (1) Utilizing a large-kernel spatial selection feature extraction network as the image encoder enhances the insulator defect detection network's ability to focus on key features, thereby improving the model's detection accuracy. (2) To address the issue of insulator defect detection being easily disturbed by complex background environments, a detection decoder with a fusion diffusion mechanism was designed. This decoder performs inverse Bayesian diffusion on the noise boxes generated by the decoder, restoring the prediction of the insulator's true bounding box. The model's ability to resist background interference reduces the loss of semantic information related to insulator defects, and enhances the accuracy of the predicted bounding boxes. (3) A cross-modal mapping module was designed to map the relationship between insulator image defect features and text features. The language modeling encoder outputs a textual description of the insulator defects, completing the detection task. Thus, the proposed model not only offers higher detection accuracy but also generates accurate and detailed semantic descriptions of the defects, meeting the actual needs for insulator defect detection and description.
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高铁接触网绝缘子作为高速铁路牵引供电的重要装置,可为接触网提供电气部件绝缘和腕臂结构支撑,其安全性对于高速铁路行车至关重要。针对绝缘子检测时易受复杂环境背景干扰,导致缺陷检测精度低以及无法提供缺陷语义描述的问题,该文提出一种基于扩散模型检测的绝缘子缺陷描述方法。首先,构建大核空间选择特征提取网络,加强绝缘子缺陷特征信息的提取能力;其次,基于扩散模型设计融合扩散机制的检测解码器,并对解码器生成的噪声框进行逆向贝叶斯扩散,还原绝缘子真值框的预测,提高模型的抗背景干扰能力;最后,设计交叉注意力机制的编码器和解码器,实现图像与文本的跨模态映射,并通过文本过滤机制驱动的多模态语言视觉预训练(BLIP)模型,完成绝缘子缺陷文本描述输出。实验结果表明,所提绝缘子缺陷检测模型的平均准确度达到93.04%,相较于DTER和Faster RCNN的mAP0.5分别提升4.63%和5.78%,且F1-score高达82.91%,平均双语评估替换评价指标(BLEU)和基于精确率的图像描述评价指标(CIDEr)分别达到83.51%和1.94。与其他方法相比,具有更高的检测精度和缺陷语义描述准确性,能够满足对高速铁路绝缘子缺陷的检测需求。
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1, 2, address=1.兰州交通大学电子信息工程学院 兰州 730070
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1, address=1. School of Electronic and Information Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1192451934104731650, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, authorId=1192451933978903552, language=CN, stringName=安卓奥博, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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安卓奥博 男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为计算机视觉。E-mail:123028557@qq.com
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安卓奥博 男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为计算机视觉。E-mail:123028557@qq.com
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Structure of the backbone, figureFileSmall=GHp9qJ5eyPzx2V+Tyctikw==, figureFileBig=MhFRZVtGL02364/CbkPf4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451935274942485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
特征提取网络结构, figureFileSmall=GHp9qJ5eyPzx2V+Tyctikw==, figureFileBig=MhFRZVtGL02364/CbkPf4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451935337857046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Schematic of the LSK network, figureFileSmall=ZkyT79R1wu8RNY2lM9d03w==, figureFileBig=Efbj1613jD1f6DGgtS3+LQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451935396577303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
大核空间选择机制网络结构, figureFileSmall=ZkyT79R1wu8RNY2lM9d03w==, figureFileBig=Efbj1613jD1f6DGgtS3+LQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451935446908952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Feature map visualization comparison, figureFileSmall=etX2JFGLYahYzWthI+diGQ==, figureFileBig=2ShiEopumwH0FjMTeELNHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451935505629209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
特征图可视化对比, figureFileSmall=etX2JFGLYahYzWthI+diGQ==, figureFileBig=2ShiEopumwH0FjMTeELNHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451935585320986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Detection decoder structure, figureFileSmall=ZW4Xf37UumyFkO6DDgAhaA==, figureFileBig=GuhDpJk5QHBiGIAUNQNecQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451935644041243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
检测解码器结构, figureFileSmall=ZW4Xf37UumyFkO6DDgAhaA==, figureFileBig=GuhDpJk5QHBiGIAUNQNecQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451935736315932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Cross-modal fusion module structure, figureFileSmall=holw4rt3NO8mPB5IkfwpSA==, figureFileBig=P8x6AuyeL9TLs/HyrMpixw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451935849562141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
跨模态融合模块结构, figureFileSmall=holw4rt3NO8mPB5IkfwpSA==, figureFileBig=P8x6AuyeL9TLs/HyrMpixw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451935899893790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Loss function curve, figureFileSmall=Ak0oqrpO/XJq3kcoCorUZg==, figureFileBig=jQHq4jWtxPlvMO0GA36xww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451935962808351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
损失函数曲线, figureFileSmall=Ak0oqrpO/XJq3kcoCorUZg==, figureFileBig=jQHq4jWtxPlvMO0GA36xww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451936038305824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Variance calculation curve, figureFileSmall=EpQUEPBNrX+6Tsngc5D8xQ==, figureFileBig=PjRcL+l6WRksVdMIY7r+YQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451936117997601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
方差计算曲线, figureFileSmall=EpQUEPBNrX+6Tsngc5D8xQ==, figureFileBig=PjRcL+l6WRksVdMIY7r+YQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451936185106466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Test results of catenary insulators, figureFileSmall=M0wKyDIwrf4ERdfCTV8tjg==, figureFileBig=xGS2O+c4ROa6B+zd5PBCEA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451936252215331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
接触网绝缘子检测实验结果, figureFileSmall=M0wKyDIwrf4ERdfCTV8tjg==, figureFileBig=xGS2O+c4ROa6B+zd5PBCEA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1192451936306741284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Evaluation metric comparison experiment
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| 方法 | mAP0.5 | mAP0.5:0.95 | AR | F1-Score |
| YOLOv8[25] | 78.91 | 54.21 | 72.27 | 69.30 |
| GLIP[26] | 87.73 | 69.25 | 81.47 | 79.61 |
| DETR[7] | 88.92 | 72.25 | 84.47 | 81.61 |
| Faster R-CNN[8] | 87.96 | 68.41 | 73.77 | 75.91 |
| 本文方法 | 93.04 | 75.41 | 83.22 | 82.91 |
), ArticleFig(id=1192451936403210277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
评估指标对比实验(%)
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| 方法 | mAP0.5 | mAP0.5:0.95 | AR | F1-Score |
| YOLOv8[25] | 78.91 | 54.21 | 72.27 | 69.30 |
| GLIP[26] | 87.73 | 69.25 | 81.47 | 79.61 |
| DETR[7] | 88.92 | 72.25 | 84.47 | 81.61 |
| Faster R-CNN[8] | 87.96 | 68.41 | 73.77 | 75.91 |
| 本文方法 | 93.04 | 75.41 | 83.22 | 82.91 |
), ArticleFig(id=1192451936466124838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Comparison of insulator defect description effect
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 缺陷图像 | 图像描述 |
 ①异物侵入 | 1. LSTM caption: “an insulator can be used normally” 译:一个正常的绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the insulator in the image has a piece of plastic, wrapped around it” 译:图中的绝缘体被一块塑料包裹着 3. 本文模型 caption: “a white plastic bag is wrapped around the insulator” 译:一个白色塑料袋包裹在绝缘子表面 |
 ②异物侵入 | 1. LSTM caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个正常使用的绝缘子会导致问题 2. LLaVA caption: “the problem with the insulator in the image is that it has a crack in it” 译:图中绝缘体的问题是存在一条裂缝 3. 本文模型 caption: “a stone is in the middle of the insulator” 译:绝缘子的中间部分有一块石头 |
 ③破损缺陷 | 1. LSTM caption: “an insulator can be used normally” 译:一个正常的绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “there is a crack in the insulator” 译:绝缘子存在一条裂缝 3. 本文模型 caption: “the damaged area is in the middle of the insulator” 译:绝缘子中间有一片破损区域 |
 ④破损缺陷 | 1. LSTM caption: “a broken insulator” 译:一个故障的绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the insulator in the image has a crack in it, which is a sign of damage or wear” 译:图中的绝缘子有裂缝,这是损坏或磨损的迹象 3. 本文模型 caption: “one of the discs of the insulator is damaged” 译:绝缘子的一个伞片是破损的 |
 ⑤闪络烧伤 | 1. LSTM caption: “a disc of the insulator is intact” 译:绝缘子的伞片是完整的 2. LLaVA caption: “the insulator in the image is damaged” 译:图中的绝缘子损坏 3. 本文模型 caption: “the insulator was burned” 译:绝缘子被烧伤 |
 ⑥闪络烧伤 | 1. LSTM caption: “an insulator can be used normally” 译:一个正常的绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the insulator in the image has a damage in it, which is a defect that could potentially cause electrical issues or even a short circuit” 译:图中的绝缘体有损伤,这是一个可能导致电气问题甚至短路的缺陷 3. 本文模型 caption: “an insulator with a black burn mark” 译:绝缘子有一片黑色烧伤痕迹 |
 ⑦裂缝缺陷 | 1. LSTM caption: “a insulator can cause problems” 译:一个会导致问题的绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the insulator in the image has a crack in it” 译:图中的绝缘体有一条裂缝 3. 本文模型 caption: “a crack in the insulator” 译:一个存在裂缝的绝缘子 |
 ⑧裂缝缺陷 | 1. LSTM caption: “a disc of the insulator is intact” 译:绝缘子的伞片是完整的 2. LLaVA caption: “there is damage to the insulator. It has a crack in it, which indicates that it is not in good condition and may not be functioning properly” 译:绝缘子存在损坏,有一个裂缝在绝缘子上,因此表明绝缘子状态不好,可能不会正常工作 3. 本文模型 caption: “the crack is in the middle disk of the insulator” 译:裂缝在绝缘子的中部伞片 |
), ArticleFig(id=1192451936541622311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
绝缘子缺陷图像描述对比
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 缺陷图像 | 图像描述 |
 ①异物侵入 | 1. LSTM caption: “an insulator can be used normally” 译:一个正常的绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the insulator in the image has a piece of plastic, wrapped around it” 译:图中的绝缘体被一块塑料包裹着 3. 本文模型 caption: “a white plastic bag is wrapped around the insulator” 译:一个白色塑料袋包裹在绝缘子表面 |
 ②异物侵入 | 1. LSTM caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个正常使用的绝缘子会导致问题 2. LLaVA caption: “the problem with the insulator in the image is that it has a crack in it” 译:图中绝缘体的问题是存在一条裂缝 3. 本文模型 caption: “a stone is in the middle of the insulator” 译:绝缘子的中间部分有一块石头 |
 ③破损缺陷 | 1. LSTM caption: “an insulator can be used normally” 译:一个正常的绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “there is a crack in the insulator” 译:绝缘子存在一条裂缝 3. 本文模型 caption: “the damaged area is in the middle of the insulator” 译:绝缘子中间有一片破损区域 |
 ④破损缺陷 | 1. LSTM caption: “a broken insulator” 译:一个故障的绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the insulator in the image has a crack in it, which is a sign of damage or wear” 译:图中的绝缘子有裂缝,这是损坏或磨损的迹象 3. 本文模型 caption: “one of the discs of the insulator is damaged” 译:绝缘子的一个伞片是破损的 |
 ⑤闪络烧伤 | 1. LSTM caption: “a disc of the insulator is intact” 译:绝缘子的伞片是完整的 2. LLaVA caption: “the insulator in the image is damaged” 译:图中的绝缘子损坏 3. 本文模型 caption: “the insulator was burned” 译:绝缘子被烧伤 |
 ⑥闪络烧伤 | 1. LSTM caption: “an insulator can be used normally” 译:一个正常的绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the insulator in the image has a damage in it, which is a defect that could potentially cause electrical issues or even a short circuit” 译:图中的绝缘体有损伤,这是一个可能导致电气问题甚至短路的缺陷 3. 本文模型 caption: “an insulator with a black burn mark” 译:绝缘子有一片黑色烧伤痕迹 |
 ⑦裂缝缺陷 | 1. LSTM caption: “a insulator can cause problems” 译:一个会导致问题的绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the insulator in the image has a crack in it” 译:图中的绝缘体有一条裂缝 3. 本文模型 caption: “a crack in the insulator” 译:一个存在裂缝的绝缘子 |
 ⑧裂缝缺陷 | 1. LSTM caption: “a disc of the insulator is intact” 译:绝缘子的伞片是完整的 2. LLaVA caption: “there is damage to the insulator. It has a crack in it, which indicates that it is not in good condition and may not be functioning properly” 译:绝缘子存在损坏,有一个裂缝在绝缘子上,因此表明绝缘子状态不好,可能不会正常工作 3. 本文模型 caption: “the crack is in the middle disk of the insulator” 译:裂缝在绝缘子的中部伞片 |
), ArticleFig(id=1192451936608731176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=
Comparison of normal image description effect of insulator
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 正常图像 | 图像描述 |
 | 1. LSTM caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个没有损伤的完整绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: "the problem with the insulator in the image is that it is broken" 译:图中的绝缘子损坏了 3. 本文模型 caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个没有损伤的绝缘子 |
 | 1. LSTM caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个没有损伤的完整绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the image shows a normal insulator” 译:图中展示了一个普通的绝缘子 3. 本文模型 caption: “an insulator can be used normally” 译:一个正常使用的绝缘子 |
 | 1. LSTM caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个没有损伤的完整绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the insulator in the image is large” 译:一个大绝缘子在图中 3. 本文模型 caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个没有损伤的绝缘子 |
 | 1. LSTM caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个没有损伤的完整绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the image shows a large insulator” 译:图中展示的是一个大绝缘子 3. 本文模型 caption: “an insulator can be used normally” 译:一个正常使用的绝缘子 |
), ArticleFig(id=1192451936684228649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
绝缘子正常图像描述对比
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 正常图像 | 图像描述 |
 | 1. LSTM caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个没有损伤的完整绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: "the problem with the insulator in the image is that it is broken" 译:图中的绝缘子损坏了 3. 本文模型 caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个没有损伤的绝缘子 |
 | 1. LSTM caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个没有损伤的完整绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the image shows a normal insulator” 译:图中展示了一个普通的绝缘子 3. 本文模型 caption: “an insulator can be used normally” 译:一个正常使用的绝缘子 |
 | 1. LSTM caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个没有损伤的完整绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the insulator in the image is large” 译:一个大绝缘子在图中 3. 本文模型 caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个没有损伤的绝缘子 |
 | 1. LSTM caption: “a good insulator without damage” 译:一个没有损伤的完整绝缘子 2. LLaVA caption: “the image shows a large insulator” 译:图中展示的是一个大绝缘子 3. 本文模型 caption: “an insulator can be used normally” 译:一个正常使用的绝缘子 |
), ArticleFig(id=1192451936747143210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=
Comparison of image caption model
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| 评价指标 | LSTM | LLaVA | 本文方法 |
| BLEU-1(%) | 72.29 | 81.77 | 88.00 |
| BLEU-2(%) | 69.68 | 80.69 | 84.18 |
| BLEU-3(%) | 66.46 | 73.65 | 81.86 |
| BLEU-4(%) | 64.22 | 70.54 | 79.99 |
| CIDEr | | 1.85 | 1.94 |
| ROUGE-L(%) | | 78.48 | 81.59 |
| METEOR(%) | | 43.44 | 51.50 |
| SPICE(%) | | 31.25 | 37.88 |
), ArticleFig(id=1192451936822640683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1190306094246359042, articleId=1192068211081359566, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
图像描述模型指标对比
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| 评价指标 | LSTM | LLaVA | 本文方法 |
| BLEU-1(%) | 72.29 | 81.77 | 88.00 |
| BLEU-2(%) | 69.68 | 80.69 | 84.18 |
| BLEU-3(%) | 66.46 | 73.65 | 81.86 |
| BLEU-4(%) | 64.22 | 70.54 | 79.99 |
| CIDEr | | 1.85 | 1.94 |
| ROUGE-L(%) | | 78.48 | 81.59 |
| METEOR(%) | | 43.44 | 51.50 |
| SPICE(%) | | 31.25 | 37.88 |
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