Article(id=1189585010916061502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119989267898375, issueId=1189585006872749036, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20250404, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1739721600000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-17, revisedDate=1751817600000, revisedDateStr=2025-07-07, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1761548768022, onlineDateStr=2025-10-27, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1761548768022, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-10-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1761548768022, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761548768022, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1189585006872749036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119989267898375, year='2025', volume='48', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='106', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1761548767059, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1761552469778, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1189600537306718633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119989267898375, issueId=1189585006872749036, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1189600537306718634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119989267898375, issueId=1189585006872749036, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=32, endPage=37, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1189585011687813443, articleId=1189585010916061502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119989267898375, language=EN, title=Design of Wireless Micro-nano Sensing and Monitoring System for Ball Screws, columnId=1189585007816467438, journalTitle=Missiles and Space Vehicles, columnName=Servo Technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The rolling screw transmission mechanism is a key transmission component of the servo mechanism. Monitoring its operating state is crucial for the normal operation of the servo control system. Currently, there are still difficulties in the state monitoring of rolling screw transmission mechanisms, such as low integration and wiring difficulties. A multi-parameter wireless micro-nano sensing monitoring system for rolling screw transmission mechanisms is designed. The sensing module, MCU module, wireless module and power management module are integrated in this system, which can be integrated with the nut of the rolling screw transmission mechanisms directly and flexibly, improving integration and reducing wiring complexity. The sensing module contains three types of MEMS sensors for temperature, acceleration, and acoustics to meet the condition monitoring requirements of multi-point distributed and multi-parameter sensing on the surface and interior of the nut. This system has advantages of small size, easy installation, flexibility and high integration, effectively monitoring the working state of rolling screw transmission mechanisms.

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滚动螺旋传动机构是伺服机构的关键传动部件,监测其运行状态对于伺服控制系统的正常运行至关重要,而面向滚动螺旋传动机构的状态监测技术仍存在着集成度低和布线困难等难点问题。针对以上问题,设计了一种面向滚动螺旋传动机构的无线微纳传感监测系统,该系统将所有模块集成于柔性衬底上,可直接与滚动螺旋传动机构进行表面贴附与内部嵌入集成,显著提高了无线传感监测系统的集成度,减少了外部布线的复杂性。传感模块包含了温度、加速度和声学三种MEMS传感器,以满足机构表面和内部多点位分布式、多参量感知的状态监测需求。所研制的无线微纳传感监测系统具有小尺寸、易安装、柔性化和高集成度的特点,可有效监测滚动螺旋传动机构的工作状态。

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张忠彬(1994—),男,博士,主要研究方向为MEMS传感器、无线监测系统和状态监测。

何露漫(1997—),女,工程师,主要研究方向为伺服系统设计与评估。

谢 金(1977—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为微纳制造、MEMS传感器和驱动器。

黄玉平(1967—),男,博士,研究员,主要研究方向为伺服系统设计技术。

刘会聪(1982—),女,博士,教授,主要研究方向为微能源与自供能传感、微纳制造、智能传感与人机交互。

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张忠彬(1994—),男,博士,主要研究方向为MEMS传感器、无线监测系统和状态监测。

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张忠彬(1994—),男,博士,主要研究方向为MEMS传感器、无线监测系统和状态监测。

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何露漫(1997—),女,工程师,主要研究方向为伺服系统设计与评估。

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何露漫(1997—),女,工程师,主要研究方向为伺服系统设计与评估。

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谢 金(1977—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为微纳制造、MEMS传感器和驱动器。

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谢 金(1977—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为微纳制造、MEMS传感器和驱动器。

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刘会聪(1982—),女,博士,教授,主要研究方向为微能源与自供能传感、微纳制造、智能传感与人机交互。

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Calibration test results of multi-parameter wireless micro-nano sensing monitoring system

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号参量测试结果
1加速度传感器量程/g5
2加速度传感器灵敏度/(mV·g-118.8
3声学传感器谐振频率/Hz1.06×104
4温度传感器量程/℃-20~90
5温度传感器灵敏度/(mV·℃-13
6温度传感器测量精度1.5%FS
7柔性衬底厚度不均匀性≤2.5%
8柔性衬底弯曲曲率半径/mm18.6
9系统无线传输距离/m13.6
10系统无线传输速率/(kb·s-1201
), ArticleFig(id=1189598839829951434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119989267898375, articleId=1189585010916061502, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

无线微纳传感监测系统标定测试结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号参量测试结果
1加速度传感器量程/g5
2加速度传感器灵敏度/(mV·g-118.8
3声学传感器谐振频率/Hz1.06×104
4温度传感器量程/℃-20~90
5温度传感器灵敏度/(mV·℃-13
6温度传感器测量精度1.5%FS
7柔性衬底厚度不均匀性≤2.5%
8柔性衬底弯曲曲率半径/mm18.6
9系统无线传输距离/m13.6
10系统无线传输速率/(kb·s-1201
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面向滚动螺旋传动机构的无线微纳传感监测系统设计
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张忠彬 1 , 何露漫 2 , 谢金 3 , 黄玉平 2 , 刘会聪 1
导弹与航天运载技术(中英文) | 先进伺服技术专栏 2025,48(4): 32-37
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导弹与航天运载技术(中英文) | 先进伺服技术专栏 2025, 48(4): 32-37
面向滚动螺旋传动机构的无线微纳传感监测系统设计
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张忠彬1, 何露漫2, 谢金3, 黄玉平2, 刘会聪1
作者信息
  • 1.苏州大学,苏州,215031
  • 2.北京精密机电控制设备研究所,北京,100076
  • 3.浙江大学,杭州,310058
  • 张忠彬(1994—),男,博士,主要研究方向为MEMS传感器、无线监测系统和状态监测。

    何露漫(1997—),女,工程师,主要研究方向为伺服系统设计与评估。

    谢 金(1977—),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为微纳制造、MEMS传感器和驱动器。

    黄玉平(1967—),男,博士,研究员,主要研究方向为伺服系统设计技术。

    刘会聪(1982—),女,博士,教授,主要研究方向为微能源与自供能传感、微纳制造、智能传感与人机交互。

Design of Wireless Micro-nano Sensing and Monitoring System for Ball Screws
Zhongbin ZHANG1, Luman HE2, Jin XIE3, Yuping HUANG2, Huicong LIU1
Affiliations
  • 1. Soochow University, Suzhou, 215031
  • 2. Beijing Institute of Precise Mechatronics and Controls, Beijing, 100076
  • 3. Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058
出版时间: 2025-08-25 doi: 10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20250404
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滚动螺旋传动机构是伺服机构的关键传动部件,监测其运行状态对于伺服控制系统的正常运行至关重要,而面向滚动螺旋传动机构的状态监测技术仍存在着集成度低和布线困难等难点问题。针对以上问题,设计了一种面向滚动螺旋传动机构的无线微纳传感监测系统,该系统将所有模块集成于柔性衬底上,可直接与滚动螺旋传动机构进行表面贴附与内部嵌入集成,显著提高了无线传感监测系统的集成度,减少了外部布线的复杂性。传感模块包含了温度、加速度和声学三种MEMS传感器,以满足机构表面和内部多点位分布式、多参量感知的状态监测需求。所研制的无线微纳传感监测系统具有小尺寸、易安装、柔性化和高集成度的特点,可有效监测滚动螺旋传动机构的工作状态。

滚动螺旋传动机构  /  MEMS传感器  /  监测系统  /  柔性集成  /  状态监测

The rolling screw transmission mechanism is a key transmission component of the servo mechanism. Monitoring its operating state is crucial for the normal operation of the servo control system. Currently, there are still difficulties in the state monitoring of rolling screw transmission mechanisms, such as low integration and wiring difficulties. A multi-parameter wireless micro-nano sensing monitoring system for rolling screw transmission mechanisms is designed. The sensing module, MCU module, wireless module and power management module are integrated in this system, which can be integrated with the nut of the rolling screw transmission mechanisms directly and flexibly, improving integration and reducing wiring complexity. The sensing module contains three types of MEMS sensors for temperature, acceleration, and acoustics to meet the condition monitoring requirements of multi-point distributed and multi-parameter sensing on the surface and interior of the nut. This system has advantages of small size, easy installation, flexibility and high integration, effectively monitoring the working state of rolling screw transmission mechanisms.

ball screws  /  MEMS sensors  /  monitoring system  /  flexible integration  /  condition monitoring
张忠彬, 何露漫, 谢金, 黄玉平, 刘会聪. 面向滚动螺旋传动机构的无线微纳传感监测系统设计. 导弹与航天运载技术(中英文), 2025 , 48 (4) : 32 -37 . DOI: 10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20250404
Zhongbin ZHANG, Luman HE, Jin XIE, Yuping HUANG, Huicong LIU. Design of Wireless Micro-nano Sensing and Monitoring System for Ball Screws[J]. Missiles and Space Vehicles, 2025 , 48 (4) : 32 -37 . DOI: 10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20250404
滚动螺旋传动机构是一种将旋转运动转换为直线运动的机械执行器,在精密伺服机电系统中起着至关重要的作用,其具有高精度定位、长寿命、高速传动及变换传动等特点,因此在航空航天、数控机床、医疗设备、精密仪器和机器人等领域得到广泛应用,对国家经济发展和国防建设具有重要意义1-6。然而,滚动螺旋传动机构一旦发生故障,其在承受外部负载时会受到循环应力的影响,可能导致性能下降甚至失效,严重影响产品设备的精度和安全性。目前,针对精密伺服传动部件的状态监测和故障识别研究大多都以滚动轴承为主,对于滚动螺旋传动机构状态监测与性能评估方面的研究相对较少。此外,国内外对滚动螺旋传动机构的监测主要集中在振动或温度等单一参数,无法充分描述和评估传动机构的整体运行状态7-12。因此,本文设计了一种无线微纳传感监测系统,该系统集传感监测、信号处理与无线传输功能于一体。通过将温度、加速度、声学等多种传感元件及各功能模块采用贴附和嵌入的方式集成于螺母的表面和内部,对滚动螺旋传动机构的运行状态进行多参量、多点位分布式无线传感信号采集与传输,从而实现传动机构工况的实时状态监测,对滚动螺旋传动机构的运行安全有着重大意义。
本文设计的无线微纳传感监测系统由多个模块组成,如图1所示,主要包含传感模块、主控模块、无线模块和电源管理模块,各模块协同工作,保证系统可有效采集和无线传输滚动螺旋传动机构的工况信号。传感模块包括加速度传感器、温度传感器和声学传感器及外围信号调理电路,用于采集、放大初始传感信号;主控模块负责数据处理和设备控制,通过ADC传感信号输入口与传感模块的各个传感器相连接,对传感数据进行处理。同时,通过串行通信引脚与无线通信模块连接,将传感数据通过无线传输模块的发射端发送给上位机接收端,最终在上位机软件界面中显示,为滚动螺旋传动机构的实时状态监测提供数据支持;电源管理模块提供电压转换功能,将锂电池3.7 V供电电压转换为3.3 V,为整个系统提供合适、稳定的直流电压源。
本文设计的无线微纳传感监测系统如图2a所示,系统包含多个模块。其中,传感模块包含多个MEMS传感器。MEMS传感器采用表面贴附-内部嵌入的传感阵列布局方案与滚动螺旋传动机构进行集成,嵌入式传感阵列包括2个加速度传感器和2个温度传感器,用于检测滚珠丝杠螺母滚道内滚珠的工作振动和温度状态;贴附式柔性传感阵列包括1个加速度传感器、1个温度传感器和1个声学传感器,用于检测滚动螺旋传动机构表面的振动、温度和声音信息,如图2b所示。为了实现MEMS传感器的嵌入集成,在柔性衬底上特别制作了镂空结构,这使得柔性衬底可以紧贴嵌入孔的内壁,将传感器置于孔内,并保证传感器与监测系统的电气连接。通过采集和分析多参量的振动、温度、声音信号,可以检测滚动螺旋传动机构内外不同位置节点的振动状态响应,以及不同点位的温度状态分布。
MEMS加速度传感器基于硅基的压阻效应(Piezoresistive Effect)研制而成。压阻效应是指当半导体受到应力作用时,由于应力引起能带的变化,能谷的能量移动,使其电阻率发生变化的现象。在微弹性范围内,半导体硅材料的压阻效应是可逆的,也正是因为这种可逆的压阻效应,构建了机械力学信号和电信号之间的信号转化桥梁13-14。MEMS加速度传感器中压敏电阻是基于半导体N型硅制备的,压阻效应的强弱可以用压阻系数π来表征,被定义为单位应力作用下电阻率的相对变化,有各向异性特征,即沿不同的方向施加应力和沿不同方向通过电流,其电阻率变化会不相同。其中,压敏电阻R的相对变化可写为
ΔRR=Δρρ=πEε=πσ
式中 ρ为电阻率;σ为应力;ε为应变;E为弹性模量。
由此可知,压敏电阻的相对变化量与应力σ成正比,压阻系数π即是压敏电阻相对变化与其所受应力之间的比例系数13-14。加速度传感器的压敏电阻是通过刻蚀、离子注入等微纳工艺在绝缘体上硅(Silicon on Insulator,SOI)上制备而成,将压敏电阻布置于厚度较薄的梁结构表面,其电阻值随梁的变形和应力变化而改变。
本文设计的压阻式加速度传感器敏感结构为十字梁-质量块结构,如图3a所示。当受到加速度激励时,敏感质量块将加速度转换为惯性力,进而使十字梁产生振动响应。压阻式加速度传感器截面结构和各层材料如图3b所示,压敏电阻分布于每个梁的表面,并通过铝电极、Pad打线孔引出,与信号处理电路连通。压阻式加速度传感器的检测电路如图3c所示,每个梁上的压敏电阻与外接3个定值电阻构成惠斯通电桥,当有加速度激励时,质量块在惯性力作用下,使梁产生振动,压阻区域变形产生应力,压敏电阻阻值随之发生改变,惠斯通桥臂电阻平衡被破坏,在稳定直流电源供电的情况下,电桥则会输出与被测惯性力成比例的电压信号Va,从而实现加速度信号到电压信号的转换。制备的压阻式加速度传感器芯片实物如图3d所示。
MEMS声学传感器基于压电材料的正压电效应研制而成。压电效应是一种物理现象,其中正压电效应是指某些电介质压电材料在沿一定方向上受到外力的作用而变形时,其内部会产生极化现象,并在它的两个相对表面上出现正、负电荷。当外力去掉后,压电材料又会恢复到不带电的状态,这种现象称为正压电效应,当作用力的方向改变时,电荷的极性也随之改变15
本文设计的压电式声学传感器敏感结构为4个L形弯曲压电梁,如图4a所示。声学传感器的截面结构与各层材料如图4b所示,本文设计的压电声学传感器选择氮化铝(AlN)作为压电层材料,上电极材料为铝(Al),下电极材料为磷硅酸盐(PSG),且上、下电极均通过铝电极引出。图4c为声学传感器的悬臂梁的压电信号检测原理,在外界声源激励下,传感器的L形压电梁发生振动变形,其AlN压电层上下表面产生正、负电荷累积,上、下电极通过铝电极引出与外接电路连通,产生交变信号,通过电压或者电荷放大后对信号进行处理分析,可以获得声波的频率、强度等信息,从而实现声音信号到电压信号的转换。其中压电层由于极化和激励方向不同,其振动模式也有差别,L形压电梁在声源激励下产生弯曲振动,因此本文的声学传感器压电梁采用d31工作模式,并且d31工作模式使传感器声阻抗较小,便于声能耦合。制备压电式声学传感器芯片实物如图4d所示。
MEMS温度传感器基于金属的热电阻效应研制而成。热电阻效应测温是基于导体或半导体的电阻值随温度变化而改变这一特性实现的。热敏电阻大多由纯金属材料或半导体制成,铝是常用的温度敏感材料,具有良好的稳定性和电阻温度系数,故本文选用纯金属材料铝作为传感器的温度敏感层,铝等大多数纯金属材料为正温度系数热敏材料(Positive Temperature Coefficient,PTC),即其电阻率随温度升高而增大,利用这一特性即可将检测对象的温度和电阻、电压值等电信号映射起来。
本文设计的热电阻温度传感器敏感结构为蛇形铝金属敏感层,如图5a所示。热电阻温度传感器的截面结构和各层材料如图5b所示,铝金属敏感层通过磁控溅射工艺在单晶硅表面进行制备,蛇形铝金属层两端同时也作为电极,通过Pad打线孔引出,与外接电路连通。热电阻温度传感器的检测电路如图5c所示,铝金属层作为热敏电阻,与外接相同阻值的电阻构成分压电路,热敏电阻阻值随环境温度变化而改变,分压电路平衡被破坏,在稳定直流电源供电的情况下,热敏电阻两端输出电压Vt随之改变,通过放大电路将此变化电压进行放大,从而将电信号与温度信号映射起来。制备的热电阻温度传感器芯片实物如图5d所示。
为了满足无线微纳传感监测系统与滚动螺旋传动机构的集成与信号采集需求,本文对系统的多参量MEMS传感器、柔性衬底和无线传输性能分别开展了标定测试,测试内容包括:MEMS加速度传感器的灵敏度、量程;MEMS声学传感器的谐振频率;MEMS温度传感器的量程、测量精度;柔性衬底厚度的均匀性,柔性衬底的弯曲曲率半径;无线微纳传感监测系统的无线传输距离、无线传输速率。柔性衬底的厚度均匀性测试,使用螺旋测微计分别测量柔性衬底上12个不同位置的厚度,测得其平均厚度不均匀性不大于2.5%。无线微纳传感监测系统的无线传输距离测试将无线微纳传感监测系统与滚动螺旋传动副的螺母进行贴附集成后,使无线微纳传感监测系统正常工作并将数据传输给上位机,通过测定,无线微纳传感监测系统与上位机接收端距离13.6 m时,系统仍能正常工作并传输数据。进行柔性衬底的弯曲曲率半径测试时,无线微纳传感监测系统与滚动螺旋传动机构贴附集成后可正常工作,在滚珠丝杠与监测系统集成区域的多处进行测量并计算平均值,得到柔性衬底的平均弯曲曲率半径可达18.6 mm。无线微纳传感监测系统标定测试结果如表1所示。
为验证无线微纳传感监测系统功能的有效性,进行了系统集成测试。首先,将无线微纳传感监测系统与滚动螺旋传动副集成,再将集成了无线微纳传感监测系统的滚动螺旋传动副安装于脂润滑滚动螺旋传动综合测试试验台上,并设置电机运行参数,从而驱动整个伺服平台作往复运动,无线微纳传感监测系统同时采集和传输机构的工况信号。无线微纳传感监测系统上位机包括对振动、温度和声学信号的采集及其界面展示,能够实时监测各传感信号,如图6所示。
通过将无线微纳传感监测系统与滚动螺旋传动副的螺母进行柔性贴附与嵌入式集成,并对滚动螺旋副进行往复驱动,在上位机界面观察到了各传感信号的实时变化情况。具体测试流程如下:
a)在试验前对滚动螺旋传动副进行检查,避免机构出现损坏;根据试验要求采取一端固定一端自由(固定-自由)的安装结构,保证机构转动轻盈,无卡滞。
b)设置电机参数,包括电机转速、运动时间和运动周期等。
c)设置磁粉制动器的制动转矩,以满足传动机构测试的不同工况要求。
d)通过控制系统对伺服传动机构进行驱动,分别在不同工况条件下进行测试试验,利用显示界面对系统采集到的温度、加速度和声学信号进行存储,试验时间为若干个运行周期,记录试验数据,直到完成所有试验。
本文为了验证无线微纳传感监测系统的有效性,分别将其与正常滚动螺旋传动副和故障滚动螺旋传动副进行了集成测试。通过制作并装配一定量的缺陷滚珠,模拟了失效形式为滚珠磨损的故障滚动螺旋传动副。设置运行参数,使伺服电机以2 000 r/min的转速驱动滚动螺旋传动副作往复直线运动,采集到的温度信号与振动信号如图7所示,将正常滚动螺旋传动副和故障滚动螺旋传动副工况分别记为N2000和T2000。图7a为两种滚动螺旋传动副在2 000 r/min转速下的温度信号,可以看出故障滚动螺旋传动副的温度明显高于正常滚动螺旋传动副,这是由于其内部存在缺陷滚珠,因非正常摩擦而产生了大量热量,使丝杠、螺母等部件的温度明显高于正常滚动螺旋传动副。图7b图7c分别为正常滚动螺旋传动副和故障滚动螺旋传动副在2 000 r/min转速下的振动时域、频域信号,从振动时域信号图中可以看到滚动螺旋传动副在伺服电机驱动下作往复运动而产生的多段振动波形,而振动频域信号图则更明显地揭示了两种工况下滚动螺旋传动副不同的振动特征,其中正常滚动螺旋传动副的振动谐振峰主要集中在低频区域,且峰值较小;而故障滚动螺旋传动副的振动谐振峰主要集中在中高频区域,特别是在250 Hz附近产生了峰值明显的谐振峰。通过以上测试可以看出,无线微纳传感监测系统可以有效监测滚动螺旋传动机构的工作信号。
本文面向滚动螺旋传动机构与状态监测系统一体化集成和多参量感知需求,开展了无线微纳传感监测系统设计研究,解决了监测系统布线困难、监测点位少、感知参量不足的难题。通过整体方案设计、硬件电路搭建、软件系统设计,设计并研制了面向滚动螺旋传动机构振动、温度、声学多参量的无线微纳传感监测系统。通过仿真优化设计与微纳工艺,制备了MEMS压阻式加速度传感器、MEMS压电式声学传感器和MEMS热电阻温度传感器,创新性地提出了柔性贴附式集成方案,将无线微纳传感监测系统以贴附的形式与滚动螺旋传动机构进行集成。通过性能标定测试,确定了多参量MEMS传感器、柔性衬底和系统无线传输性能的各项指标。最后,在脂润滑伺服驱动平台上对滚动螺旋传动机构和无线微纳传感监测系统进行了集成测试,成功采集了滚动螺旋传动机构工作时的多参量传感信号,验证了无线微纳传感监测系统功能的有效性。该无线微纳传感监测系统为滚动螺旋传动机构的实时状态监测提供了一种有效手段。
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2025年第48卷第4期
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doi: 10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20250404
  • 接收时间:2025-02-17
  • 首发时间:2025-10-27
  • 出版时间:2025-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-17
  • 修回日期:2025-07-07
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    1.苏州大学,苏州,215031
    2.北京精密机电控制设备研究所,北京,100076
    3.浙江大学,杭州,310058
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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