Article(id=1148011755776766335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119989267898375, issueId=1149298831252079541, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20240213, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1647964800000, receivedDateStr=2022-03-23, revisedDate=1662480000000, revisedDateStr=2022-09-07, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1751636931603, onlineDateStr=2025-07-04, pubDate=1713974400000, pubDateStr=2024-04-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1751636931603, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-04, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1751636931603, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1751636931603, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149298831252079541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119989267898375, year='2024', volume='47', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='106', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1751943794309, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1754895895552, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1161680841353552315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119989267898375, issueId=1149298831252079541, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1161680841353552316, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119989267898375, issueId=1149298831252079541, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=80, endPage=85, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1148011755969704335, articleId=1148011755776766335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146119989267898375, language=EN, title=Influence of the Collector on the Experimental Matching of Chamber Pressure in High Temperature Gas Flow Wind Tunnel, columnId=1154067662675104070, journalTitle=Missiles and Space Vehicles, columnName=Environment and Test, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Aiming at the damage problem of experimental facilities caused by unsteady chamber pressure in experiment of high temperature gas flow wind tunnel, the mechanism of the influence of collector positions and dimensions on the stability of experimental flow field is studied. Study mainly focuses on the interaction between the waves and separated vortexes. Utilizing CFD method, the pressure distribution is obtained in the chamber. Then the relationship between the interaction of the waves and separated vortexes and experimental stability are also explored, which will provide a reference for the optimal design of the collector. The results show that appropriate collector position and reasonable collector dimensions can reduce the overflow in the chamber. It can also avoid the separated vortex dominating the collector port, and increase the flow of mainstream. It is helpful to the conduction of experiment.

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针对高温燃气流风洞试验中舱压不稳定可能造成试验设施损害的问题,从波系与分离涡之间相互干扰的角度,开展了扩压器的收集口位置和尺寸对舱压试验匹配性影响的机理。使用计算流体力学方法对不同收集口位置和尺寸的工况进行了模拟,得到了试验舱内的压力分布情况,研究了波系与分离涡之间的相互干扰对试验稳定运行的影响,为收集口的优化设计提供了参考。研究表明,合理的收集口位置和尺寸,能够增强波系与锥身后的分离涡的相互影响,避免分离涡主导收集口,增加主流的通流量,减小舱内溢流及其产生的回流涡的尺度,有利于试验的成功开展。

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王彪(1985—),男,博士,工程师,主要研究方向为热控及防隔热试验技术。

曹知红(1989—),男,工程师,主要研究方向为热控及防隔热试验技术。

李彦良(1987—),男,高级工程师,主要研究方向为热控及防隔热试验技术。

田宁(1983-),男,研究员,主要研究方向为热控及防隔热试验技术。

赵玲(1982-),女,高级工程师,主要研究方向为热控及防隔热试验技术。

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王彪(1985—),男,博士,工程师,主要研究方向为热控及防隔热试验技术。

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赵玲(1982-),女,高级工程师,主要研究方向为热控及防隔热试验技术。

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高温风洞收集口对舱压试验匹配性影响的研究
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王彪 1 , 曹知红 1 , 李彦良 1 , 田宁 1 , 赵玲 1, 2
导弹与航天运载技术 | 环境与试验技术 2024,47(2): 80-85
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导弹与航天运载技术 | 环境与试验技术 2024, 47(2): 80-85
高温风洞收集口对舱压试验匹配性影响的研究
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王彪1, 曹知红1, 李彦良1, 田宁1, 赵玲1, 2
作者信息
  • 1北京航天长征飞行器研究所,北京,100076
  • 2清华大学航空发动机研究院,北京,100084
  • 王彪(1985—),男,博士,工程师,主要研究方向为热控及防隔热试验技术。

    曹知红(1989—),男,工程师,主要研究方向为热控及防隔热试验技术。

    李彦良(1987—),男,高级工程师,主要研究方向为热控及防隔热试验技术。

    田宁(1983-),男,研究员,主要研究方向为热控及防隔热试验技术。

    赵玲(1982-),女,高级工程师,主要研究方向为热控及防隔热试验技术。

Influence of the Collector on the Experimental Matching of Chamber Pressure in High Temperature Gas Flow Wind Tunnel
Biao WANG1, Zhihong CAO1, Yanliang LI1, Ning TIAN1, Ling ZHAO1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1Beijing Institute of Space Long March Vehicle,Beijing,100076
  • 2Institute of Aero Engine, Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084
出版时间: 2024-04-25 doi: 10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20240213
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针对高温燃气流风洞试验中舱压不稳定可能造成试验设施损害的问题,从波系与分离涡之间相互干扰的角度,开展了扩压器的收集口位置和尺寸对舱压试验匹配性影响的机理。使用计算流体力学方法对不同收集口位置和尺寸的工况进行了模拟,得到了试验舱内的压力分布情况,研究了波系与分离涡之间的相互干扰对试验稳定运行的影响,为收集口的优化设计提供了参考。研究表明,合理的收集口位置和尺寸,能够增强波系与锥身后的分离涡的相互影响,避免分离涡主导收集口,增加主流的通流量,减小舱内溢流及其产生的回流涡的尺度,有利于试验的成功开展。

高温燃气流风洞  /  扩压器  /  收集口  /  舱压  /  波涡相互干扰

Aiming at the damage problem of experimental facilities caused by unsteady chamber pressure in experiment of high temperature gas flow wind tunnel, the mechanism of the influence of collector positions and dimensions on the stability of experimental flow field is studied. Study mainly focuses on the interaction between the waves and separated vortexes. Utilizing CFD method, the pressure distribution is obtained in the chamber. Then the relationship between the interaction of the waves and separated vortexes and experimental stability are also explored, which will provide a reference for the optimal design of the collector. The results show that appropriate collector position and reasonable collector dimensions can reduce the overflow in the chamber. It can also avoid the separated vortex dominating the collector port, and increase the flow of mainstream. It is helpful to the conduction of experiment.

high temperature wind tunnel  /  diffuser  /  collector  /  chamber pressure  /  interaction between waves and vortexes
王彪, 曹知红, 李彦良, 田宁, 赵玲. 高温风洞收集口对舱压试验匹配性影响的研究. 导弹与航天运载技术, 2024 , 47 (2) : 80 -85 . DOI: 10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20240213
Biao WANG, Zhihong CAO, Yanliang LI, Ning TIAN, Ling ZHAO. Influence of the Collector on the Experimental Matching of Chamber Pressure in High Temperature Gas Flow Wind Tunnel[J]. Missiles and Space Vehicles, 2024 , 47 (2) : 80 -85 . DOI: 10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20240213
作为验证飞行器热防护材料设计的有效设备, 高温燃气流风洞具有功率大、热流高等特点[1]。高温燃气流风洞试验系统核心设备的工作原理与液体火箭发动机相同[2-4],使高压氧气和煤油在主加热器内燃烧, 产生高温高压燃气, 经喷管后形成高温超声速燃气流场,主要用于部段级飞行器热结构、热匹配试验。高温燃气流风洞一般由主加热器、超声速喷管、试验舱、模型安装平台、收集器和扩压器等部分组成[5]。 其中, 加热器及喷管用于生成试验所需的高温高速均匀流场, 试验舱段用于放置测试模型, 而扩压排气段则用于将高速气体减速增压最终排至大气。
扩压器对试验费效比起着决定性作用。早在20世纪50年代, Neumann和Lustwerk等就在探索超声速风洞内激波串分布情况[6-7]。近年来国外对扩压器设计、扩压器性能以及风洞流场特征进行了较为深入的研究,得到大量的数值模拟和试验结果[8-10]。在中国,田宁等[4]分析了波系特点对球锥模型表面的热流分布的影响规律。齐斌等[10]和陈吉明等[11]研究了压缩波和膨胀波交替出现的流场结构和流场气动参数与模型热流和压力形成正弦变化的特点。陈立红等[12]通过试验研究了扩压器几何形状、安装位置以及长度对风洞起动过程流动状态的影响, 探索了扩压器的优化设计。童华等[13]采用试验方法研究了某超声速风洞扩压器性能。
一般地,扩压排气段的前部包括收集器、滑动收缩段和第二喉道等装置。收集器的收集口位置和尺寸决定着试验舱内非定常涡流动的尺度和强度, 进而影响着试验时试验舱内的压力和气流的稳定性, 关系着试验的成败, 甚至影响着试验舱内装置的安全, 所以试验舱内收集口位置和尺寸的选择对于试验有着重要的作用。但是, 关于收集口对舱压试验匹配性相关的系统的数值研究鲜有论文公开发表。基于此, 本文主要使用计算流体力学方法开展收集口对试验舱内流动影响的数值研究, 来探究收集口位置和尺寸对舱压试验匹配性影响的机理。
以某型燃气流风洞为例, 系统中的主加热器、超声速喷管、试验舱、模型安装平台、收集器和扩压器设备布置如图1所示, 按实际尺寸等比例绘制的二维气动轮廓如图2所示。取喷管的入口截面为计算域入口、扩压器出口截面为计算域出口,计算域涵盖了喷管、试验舱、扩压器等,收集口的位置如图2所示, 是扩压器的前端进口, 在试验舱内部。喷管出口直径为${340}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$; 试验舱按照水力直径计算尺寸,轴向直径为${2111}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$,轴向长${4500}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$;扩压器由于包含滑动端,其总长为${28538}\sim {29172}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$。收集器的前端直径为${600}\sim {1200}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$,后端直径为${1000}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$,长度为${1000}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$。二喉道直径为${700}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$,亚扩段出口直径为${2000}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$
求解时使用CFD++求解器进行定常流场分析, 空间离散使用二阶精度的TVD格式, 并使用了二阶精度的隐式时间离散格式。固壁设置为等温边界条件, 介质为等效的混合燃气,求解的是参考喷管出口流体物性状态的冻结流, 使用的是理想气体状态方程。由于扩压器几何结构和流场结构是轴对称的, 因此采用控制方程为二维轴对称雷诺平均$\mathrm{N}- \mathrm{S}$方程,湍流模型采用了$k -\omega$SST湍流模型。边界条件的设置为: 入口总压$5\mathrm{{MPa}}$,总温${3640}\mathrm{\;K}$,出口静压${20}\mathrm{{kPa}}$,壁面设置为${300}\mathrm{\;K}$等温壁。物性参数设置为比热比1.144 ,分子量26.2。
为了验证计算流体力学方法计算的可靠性, 本节进行网格无关性验证。进行网格无关性验证时使用了有试验数据支撑的工况, 即收集口距喷管出口${1654}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$的距离且收集口直径为${1000}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$的工况进行计算, 把球锥模型作为试验模型。计算时选取了3套不同密度的二维网格,网格的最小壁面距离为${0.001}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$,粗网格、中等网格和密网格的网格总数分别为3.1万、6.1万和11.9万,网格总数大致满足$1 : 2 : 4$的关系。密网格分布情况如图3所示,对球锥附近的网格进行了加密处理。
使用上述3套网格计算得到了球锥表面压力计算结果分布与试验值的对比(见图4)。从图4中可以看出, 中等网格和密网格计算得到的表面压力分布几乎是一样的, 粗网格在球锥末端的压力与其它两套网格的计算结果及试验值略有不同。此外, 使用3套不同密度的网格计算得到的舱压平均值分别为${45.6}\mathrm{{kPa}}$${42.5}\mathrm{{kPa}}$${41.5}\mathrm{{kPa}}$。试验测得的平均舱压为${38.7}\mathrm{{kPa}}$,与密网格计算的结果仅相差${6.7}\%$,可以看出选取的密网格满足了网格无关性要求。下面的计算将以与密网格同等尺度的网格为计算网格。
分析收集口位置对舱压的影响时, 选取了3种不同的计算工况,收集口距喷管出口距离$L$依次设为${500}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$${1124}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$${1654}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$,分别代表着收集口与球锥后端平齐、在试验舱的中间位置和最末端位置。喷管出口直径$d ={340}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$无量纲化后的距离为$L/d ={1.5}$、3.3、4.9,此时收集口直径为${1000}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$,即$D/d ={3.0}$
为了进一步定量表示试验舱压力的变化, 对试验舱内的压力取平均值, 得到了平均舱压与收集口位置的关系,见图5图5中随着收集口的位置后移,试验舱内的压力逐渐升高, 但确定哪个位置有利于试验的稳定运行, 还需要进一步探究。
图6对比了3种不同工况下的密度梯度幅值和流线的流场分布情况, 比较了表征流场中波系与涡分布情况的差异。流场中有着两种主导的流动涡结构, 一种为试验件锥身后的分离涡(图中红色椭圆内), 另一种为从收集$\Pi$上部溢流到试验舱内而产生的回流涡(图中红色方框内)及试验舱内的诱导涡。收集口前移后, 主试验舱的溢流减小很多, 由溢流产生的回流变得更小, 试验舱内主导分离涡的尺度也变小了很多, 这种情况下由大尺度涡运动造成的非定常性也会相应地减弱很多。
为研究主导分离涡减小的原因, 分析了收集口靠后的$L/d ={4.9}$的工况。在此工况中,球锥前面的分离激波1与喷管出口边缘的膨胀波2相互作用后减弱并继续发展到气流边界, 之后分离激波1与气流边界相交并发生了反射形成了反射的膨胀波3 ,膨胀波3向下游发展, 与气流边界和球锥后端的激波4一起相交产生波波之间的相互干扰, 形成干扰区域5 , 由于干扰区域5的位置距收集口有一段距离,对锥身后分离涡的抑制作用很小, 使此分离涡占满了整个收集口, 使主流的通流不顺畅, 并且收集口的溢流增加, 舱内回流涡的尺度变大,出现了大幅度的 “溢流-引射” 式的非定常流动,会造成试验设备大幅振动甚至损害。
在整个过程中, 先是出现了激波、膨胀波之间的相互干扰, 进而产生波系与分离涡的相互干扰。分离涡尺度的大小进一步影响激波、膨胀波的作用区域, 从而影响波系结构分布情况, 最终影响下游扩压器的工作情况, 马赫数分布如图7所示。
对于收集口前移的$L/d ={3.3}$的工况,由于收集口后面较强的抽吸能力, 干扰区域5的位置位于收集口内部的前端, 增强了波系结构对锥身后分离涡的压缩作用, 使此时波系和锥身后分离涡一起基本充满收集口, 主流能够很好地通流, 并且收集口的溢流很少,从而使舱内由溢流产生的回流涡的尺度减小了, 相应地其非定常性减弱, 属于3种工况中最好的流态。
对于收集$\mid$在最前面的工况$L/d ={1.5}$,主流膨胀角变得更大, 主流通流能力更强, 溢流更少。但是此时波系结构会直接作用在收集${口上}$,使收集${口所承受的}$气动加热更加严重,其工作环境更加恶劣,会增加对收集口的损害。
综上可知, 对于适当的收集口位置, 试验舱内的波系结构对锥身后分离涡起到压缩作用, 并能和此分离涡一起充满收集口, 使主流能够通畅地通流, 减少向试验舱内的溢流, 进而减小由溢流产生的舱压和回流涡尺度, 最终避免大的舱压和由于大尺度的回流涡运动所带来的非定常性以及由于收集口太靠前而产生的严重气动加热问题, 有利于提高试验段的费效比, 保证试验的平稳运行。
收集口的试验匹配性问题还包含着收集口直径的影响, 本节主要讨论收集口尺寸的影响。计算分析时收集口距喷管出口距离$L$${1124}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$,即$L/d ={3.3}$,选取了4种不同的工况,分别为收集口直径$D$${600}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$${800}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$${1000}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$${1200}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$时的情况。 为了加强收集$\sqcap$尺寸对舱压匹配性影响的研究完整性,其中选取的尺寸$D ={600}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$比二喉道的直径尺寸${\Phi 700}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$要小,以期说明收集口尺寸的重要性。用喷管出口直径$d ={340}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$无量纲化后的收集口直径$D/d =$${1.8}\text{、}{2.4}\text{、}{3.0}\text{、}{3.6}$,得到了试验舱内平均压力沿流向分布情况和收集口尺寸的关系, 如图8所示。由图8可以看出, 随着收集口尺寸越来越大, 试验舱内的平均压力先减小后增加。
为了进一步探究上述变化趋势产生的机理, 进行了4种不同收集口尺寸工况的分析, 得到了这4种计算工况下的密度梯度幅值分布情况及流线图,如图9所示。
对于$D/d ={1.8}$的情况来说,收集口的尺寸小于后面二喉道的尺寸,锥身后分离涡几乎占满整个收集口,收集口内的空间有限,导致主流通流困难,此时在收集口上部出现了大幅度溢流, 进而导致试验舱内的压力变得很大。收集口起到了类似扩压器喉道的作用, 收集器不再起到收集超声速高温气流的作用, 此种情况是真实试验时应该避免出现的。
对于$D/d ={2.4}$的情况来说,收集口的尺寸较小, 气流的扩张角较小, 主流中的球锥前脱体激波反射后的膨胀波与球锥后激波, 一起挤压锥身后的分离涡, 使分离涡的尺寸仅覆盖收集口的一大半空间, 在收集口剩余一小半的通道内主流通畅地通流, 过分离涡后形成新的波系结构。此时, 收集口内存在着波系与分离涡之间的相互干扰, 故未被分离涡填充满, 主流能够顺利通流, 收集器内的气流流速高、压力低, 溢流较少,此时试验能平稳地运行。
当收集$\mid$尺寸增加到$D/d ={3.0}$时,收集$\mid$内主流的通流面积增加了, 虽然由于锥身后分离涡对主流的阻塞作用而产生了向试验舱内的少量溢流。但是, 此时收集口内通流的面积还是影响舱压的主要因素, 有更多主流顺畅地通流, 减小了主流向试验舱内的分流,出现了最小的舱压。$D/d ={3.0}$是其中最好的流态。
随着收集口的尺寸进一步变大, 收集口尺寸增加到$D/d ={3.6}$时,主流的膨胀角增加,球锥身后的波系作用区与收集$\mid$之间空间上存在距离差,使主流进入收集口时的偏折角增大, 主流的能量损失增加, 没有对锥身后的分离涡起到应有的压缩作用, 最终分离涡占满了收集口, 波系结构被削弱, 影响了主流的通流, 产生了大量的收集口上部的溢流。此时溢流量对舱压起主导作用,溢流量的增加使舱压随着收集口尺寸的增加逐渐增加,由于没有很好的主流通流量,收集器内的压力也相应地增加了。并且, 随着收集$\cap$尺寸的增加形成越来越大的回流涡, 出现了大幅度的 “溢流-引射”式的非定常流动,最终影响试验平稳运行。
上述的研究很好地解释了图8中舱压先减小再增加的原因。当收集口尺寸很小, 小到与球锥模型后端差不多时,如$D/d ={1.8}$的工况,此时主流的通流能力很差, 进而造成的溢流使舱压变得很大。随着收集口尺寸增加,如$D/d ={2.4}$的工况,此时主流通流量增加, 加之没有溢流, 舱压下降很快, 但是由于主流的膨胀角变大, 舱压值保持了一定的高值, 能对试验件工作区的主流起到一定的压缩作用, 使主流不至于过大膨胀,有利于波系的维稳。当收集$口$尺寸增大到$D/d =$3.0时, 主流的通流面积进一步增加, 虽然由于锥身后分离涡占满多半收集口而产生了溢流, 但是由于溢流量很小, 舱压值还是进一步减小到最低。当收集口尺寸进一步增大至$D/d ={3.6}$时,此时锥身后激波的角度增加,其产生的波后低压使锥身后剪切层抬起,剪切层失稳卷起后形成的分离涡的尺寸变大, 几乎充满整个收集$口$,阻塞了收集口致使溢流增加,舱压又开始变大。即收集$口$尺寸$D/d$从1.8到3.0时,收集口的尺寸决定了舱压的溢流的大小, 收集口尺寸越大, 舱内溢流就越少,舱压越小; 收集口尺寸$D/d$大于3.0以后, 由于锥身后分离涡阻塞收集口而产生的溢流量对舱压的大小起决定作用,溢流量越大,舱压越大。不论收集口尺寸如何变化, 主流的通流程度直接影响着收集器内压力的大小。
综上所述, 波系与锥身后分离涡相互干扰的形态决定着主流的通流量和溢流回流涡尺度的大小, 而回流涡的尺度又反过来影响着波系和分离涡间的相互干扰。当收集-尺寸很小甚至小于二喉道尺寸时,收集器不再起到收集超声速高温气流的作用, 收集口成为类似于扩压器的喉道, 舱内会产生大量溢流, 此时的舱压会很高。随着收集口尺寸增加, 起主要作用的是锥身后分离涡对收集口的阻塞程度及其因此而产生的溢流。所以与试验设备和模型合理匹配的收集$\mid \mid$尺寸,决定着试验费效比甚至决定试验成功与否。
此外, 收集口的尺寸与位置之间有着耦合作用, 存在着有利于试验平稳运行的最优值。如对于此试验件的试验,收集口的位置$L/d ={4.0}$和尺寸$D/d ={3.0}$耦合的工况具有最好的流态。
利用数值模拟方法,对口径为${340}\mathrm{\;{mm}}$的高温燃气流风洞的收集口的3种不同位置和4种不同尺寸的二维轴对称流动工况进行了计算, 研究了主试验舱内的压力分布情况, 并从波系与分离涡相互干扰的角度探究了产生这些压力差异的机理。通过研究主要得到以下结论:
a)收集口距离喷管出口的位置应该合理适中, 对试验时的运行流畅有重要作用。收集口位置适当地前移, 能够增强波系与分离涡之间的相互作用, 减少因分离涡主导收集口时的溢流, 进而减小试验舱内的回流涡的尺度, 更有利于主试验舱气流的稳定运行。 但是收集口太靠前又会出现恶劣的气动加热环境, 不利于试验设备的防护处理。
b)收集口尺寸的大小应该合理适中, 它直接影响着收集口处主流中的波系与分离涡和溢流回流涡之间的相互干扰。合理的收集$\sqcap$尺寸能够增强波系与分离涡之间的相互干扰, 减少试验舱内的溢流, 有利于主流的顺畅通流。
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2024年第47卷第2期
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doi: 10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20240213
  • 接收时间:2022-03-23
  • 首发时间:2025-07-04
  • 出版时间:2024-04-25
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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-23
  • 修回日期:2022-09-07
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    1北京航天长征飞行器研究所,北京,100076
    2清华大学航空发动机研究院,北京,100084
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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