Article(id=1322941211698405764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1322940959071285581, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14075/j.jgg.2024.07.323, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1720195200000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793343363927, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1749916800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793343363927, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793343363927, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793343363927, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322940959071285581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, year='2025', volume='45', issue='6', pageStart='551', pageEnd='660', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1749916800000', pubDateStr='2025-06-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793343303697, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793343303697, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=626, endPage=632, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322941213204160901, articleId=1322941211698405764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=EN, title=Coseismic Displacements of the 2022 Luding MW6.6 Earthquake Based on Beidou Observations, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

We use BDS data from continuous GNSS stations of China seismic experiment site(CSES) and crustal movement observation network of China(CMONOC) to study the static and dynamics displacement fields of 2022 Luding MW6.6 earthquake. First, we employ the relative positioning method to process 30 s sampling data based on GAMIT/GLOBK software, and obtain daily solutions over the period of 8 days before and 6 days after the Luding earthquake. We extract co-seismic static displacements using the differences between average coordinates before and after the earthquake. The maximum displacement is determined at SYD5 site, about 39 km away from the epicenter, with 19.57±2.08 mm and 10.88±1.79 mm for EW and NS components, respectively. The displacements decrease with the increase of epicenter distance. The co-seismic displacements are less than 4 mm for stations more than 100 km far away from the epicenter. The static displacement field in spatial distribution shows a left-lateral slip characteristic. Then, we use PRIDE PPP-AR software and precise point positioning method to process 1 Hz data and obtain dynamic displacement waveforms for each station. We calculate static displacements using dynamics waveforms of 2 minutes before and after the earthquake. The results indicate that SYD5(Anshunchang), SYB1(Kangding), SYE0(Liziping) and SYD9(Mianning), relatively close to the epicenter, recorded prominent dynamic displacement waveforms, with dynamic displacement of EW component larger than that of NS component. The SYD5 and SYB1 sites which are closer to the epicenter show prominent static displacements, while the static displacements of other stations are not significant. Finally, a comparative analysis is conducted between the static displacements obtained from BDS and GPS data, which shows a good consistency between them. This study indicates that the Beidou system can clearly record the coseismic static displacement of moderate intensity earthquake occur in the CSES.

, authors=Tian HE1, Guojie MENG1, *, Weiwei WU1, Guoqiang ZHAO1, 2, Zhihua DONG1, 3, Tai LIU1, Congmin WEI1, authorsList=Tian HE, Guojie MENG, Weiwei WU, Guoqiang ZHAO, Zhihua DONG, Tai LIU, Congmin WEI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Guojie MENG, authorNote=

HE Tian, postgraduate, majors in GNSS precise data processing and present-day crustal deformation, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322941214537949586, articleId=1322941211698405764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=CN, title=利用北斗数据研究2022年泸定MW6.6地震的同震位移特征, columnId=1322506197874356701, journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, columnName=地壳运动, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

利用中国地震科学实验场(简称“实验场”)和中国大陆构造环境监测网络(简称“陆态网络”) GNSS连续站的北斗数据对2022-09-05四川省泸定县MW6.6地震的静态形变场和动态形变场进行研究。首先,基于高精度GNSS数据处理软件GAMIT/GLOBK,利用相对定位方法对各测站30 s采样数据进行处理,获取震前8 d和震后6 d单日解坐标时间序列,利用震前和震后平均坐标差值提取同震静态位移场。结果表明,最大同震位移位于震中距约39 km处的SYD5(安顺场)站,EW向和NS向位移分别为-19.57±2.08 mm和10.88±1.79 mm;位移随震中距增大而减小,震中100 km以外各测站的同震位移均小于4 mm,在空间分布上静态位移场显示出泸定地震具有左旋走滑特征。然后,基于PRIDE PPP-AR软件利用精密单点定位(PPP)方法对1 Hz采样数据进行处理,获取测站动态位移波形,并利用震前和震后稳定时段各2 min的动态位移均值计算测站静态位移。结果表明,距离震中较近的SYD5(安顺场)、SYB1(康定)、SYE0(栗子坪)和SYD9(冕宁)站记录到明显的动态形变,EW向动态形变明显大于NS向;距离震中最近的SYD5(安顺场)和SYB1(康定)站具有显著的静态位移,其他测站静态位移不显著。最后,对BDS数据得到的静态位移与GPS静态位移进行对比分析,显示二者具有较好的一致性,表明北斗系统能够清晰地记录到发生在实验场中等强度以上地震的同震静态位移。

, authors=贺添1, 孟国杰1, *, 吴伟伟1, 赵国强1, 2, 董志华1, 3, 刘泰1, 魏聪敏1, authorsList=贺添, 孟国杰, 吴伟伟, 赵国强, 董志华, 刘泰, 魏聪敏, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=孟国杰, authorNote=

贺添,硕士生,主要从事GNSS精密数据处理及现今地壳形变研究,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=

孟国杰,博士,研究员,主要从事空间大地测量数据解析、现今地壳运动与形变、构造活动与地震以及地震预测方法研究,E-mail:

MENG Guojie, PhD, researcher, majors in analysis of space geodetic data, present-day crustal movement and deformation, tectonic activity and earthquakes, earthquake prediction methods, E-mail:

, copyrightStatement=版权所有,未经授权,不得转载。, copyrightOwner=大地测量与地球动力学编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=7mLFxwW/inVj0MKV6OHogA==, magXml=RP9FJpsXT8H6xdzBbRj4hA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=4xQ33ltR2SwExEGe+j8now==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=vkw2JrENWWhNGk07tJRCpg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322941215263564189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322941211698405764, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=2269566647@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322941215448113567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322941211698405764, authorId=1322941215263564189, language=EN, stringName=Tian HE, firstName=Tian, middleName=null, lastName=HE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, CEA, 63 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100036, China, bio={"content":"

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figureFileBig=4xQ33ltR2SwExEGe+j8now==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322941219927630286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322941211698405764, language=CN, label=图1, caption=研究区构造背景及GNSS站点分布, figureFileSmall=AiuXPpzS1MXmls9OdlZxvw==, figureFileBig=4xQ33ltR2SwExEGe+j8now==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322941220137345487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322941211698405764, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Coseismic horizontal displacement field derived from BDS 30 seconds sampling data, figureFileSmall=HtwLlVWVB9Z+rMxoX1uaaw==, figureFileBig=8+8Z42Q9HTuqCsUKuluf6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322941220217037264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322941211698405764, language=CN, label=图2, caption=利用BDS 30 s采样数据得到的同震水平位移场, figureFileSmall=HtwLlVWVB9Z+rMxoX1uaaw==, figureFileBig=8+8Z42Q9HTuqCsUKuluf6w==, tableContent=null), 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journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322941211698405764, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Coseismic horizontal displacements derived from daily solutions of BDS 30 seconds sampling data

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号测站名 经度/(°) 纬度/(°) EW向/mm NS向/mm EW向误差/mm NS向误差/mm
1 NJ09 102.619 27.929 0.91 -0.94 2.28 2.87
2 SCMB 103.534 28.840 0.13 -0.05 2.57 2.12
3 SCXD 102.437 28.300 0.94 -1.15 2.18 1.63
4 SYE1 102.539 28.979 -0.56 1.75 1.43 1.63
5 SCXJ 102.372 31.000 2.72 0.35 1.98 1.15
6 SYA6 101.553 30.467 2.63 -2.47 2.01 1.51
7 SYB1 101.731 30.058 6.82 -5.78 2.08 1.59
8 SYB9 102.782 30.403 3.69 2.27 2.07 0.93
9 SYD2 103.302 30.344 2.49 0.97 1.67 1.91
10 SYD5 102.288 29.282 -19.57 10.88 2.08 1.79
11 SYE2 102.635 29.005 -2.00 1.81 1.78 1.83
12 SYE5 103.453 28.997 -0.94 2.40 1.98 1.80
13 SYE8 103.572 29.106 -0.22 1.63 1.58 1.70
14 SYF1 103.933 29.232 0.12 -0.07 1.57 1.20
15 SYF4 102.333 28.435 0.95 -0.98 1.14 1.51
16 SYH5 102.597 28.191 1.04 -0.01 1.44 1.52
17 SYF7 101.795 28.196 2.38 -2.60 2.22 1.11
18 SYH6 102.995 27.978 1.07 0.35 1.92 1.32
19 SCDA 101.123 30.978 3.82 -2.36 2.61 1.57
20 SCMN 102.174 28.333 1.12 -0.34 1.79 2.00
21 SCYX 102.512 28.651 1.09 0.90 1.71 1.76
22 NJ04 102.797 28.873 -1.14 1.65 0.95 1.41
23 SYA3 101.178 31.218 2.55 0.28 2.28 1.38
24 SYA7 101.533 30.550 1.77 -1.44 1.65 1.50
25 SYB2 102.943 30.543 1.80 1.26 0.87 1.82
26 SYD0 103.163 30.320 2.46 1.93 2.80 1.05
27 SYD3 103.464 30.654 1.29 1.34 1.59 1.29
28 SYD9 102.224 28.927 -1.42 -5.07 1.08 1.44
29 SYE3 103.080 28.964 -2.36 2.20 1.95 1.68
30 SYE6 103.517 29.027 -1.39 0.96 1.79 1.53
31 SYE9 103.655 29.136 -0.45 -0.55 1.47 1.40
32 SYF2 102.495 28.760 0.43 0.42 1.83 1.50
33 SYF6 103.506 30.250 0.95 0.04 1.69 1.05
34 WARI 101.125 30.881 2.31 -0.99 2.78 1.38
35 SYG4 103.331 28.415 0.12 0.06 1.59 1.11
36 SCLT 100.218 29.992 3.59 -1.52 2.63 1.70
37 SCTQ 102.765 30.074 3.93 3.97 1.26 1.67
38 SYA5 101.382 30.690 2.29 -2.44 2.07 1.38
39 SCSM 102.354 29.229 -14.47 6.80 4.95 4.27
40 SYA4 101.403 30.631 3.03 -1.74 2.18 0.84
41 SYA9 102.646 30.543 3.40 1.76 1.85 0.94
42 SYB4 103.080 30.495 2.48 0.35 2.02 1.99
43 SYD1 103.367 30.319 1.95 0.52 1.53 0.97
44 SYD4 103.675 30.560 1.48 -0.27 1.22 1.06
45 SYE0 102.316 28.996 -1.90 -2.53 1.56 1.94
46 SYE4 103.339 28.912 -1.47 0.60 1.83 1.79
47 SYE7 103.557 29.083 -1.13 0.19 1.99 1.40
48 SYF0 103.721 29.169 -0.63 -0.29 1.66 1.41
49 SYF3 102.624 28.677 0.57 0.33 0.88 1.02
50 SYG1 102.626 28.309 0.88 -0.90 1.35 0.93
51 SYF5 101.545 28.202 0.62 -2.19 1.58 2.10
52 SYG5 103.476 28.371 0.27 -0.05 1.69 1.21
), ArticleFig(id=1322941222523904472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322941211698405764, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

基于BDS 30 s采样数据单日解提取的同震水平位移

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号测站名 经度/(°) 纬度/(°) EW向/mm NS向/mm EW向误差/mm NS向误差/mm
1 NJ09 102.619 27.929 0.91 -0.94 2.28 2.87
2 SCMB 103.534 28.840 0.13 -0.05 2.57 2.12
3 SCXD 102.437 28.300 0.94 -1.15 2.18 1.63
4 SYE1 102.539 28.979 -0.56 1.75 1.43 1.63
5 SCXJ 102.372 31.000 2.72 0.35 1.98 1.15
6 SYA6 101.553 30.467 2.63 -2.47 2.01 1.51
7 SYB1 101.731 30.058 6.82 -5.78 2.08 1.59
8 SYB9 102.782 30.403 3.69 2.27 2.07 0.93
9 SYD2 103.302 30.344 2.49 0.97 1.67 1.91
10 SYD5 102.288 29.282 -19.57 10.88 2.08 1.79
11 SYE2 102.635 29.005 -2.00 1.81 1.78 1.83
12 SYE5 103.453 28.997 -0.94 2.40 1.98 1.80
13 SYE8 103.572 29.106 -0.22 1.63 1.58 1.70
14 SYF1 103.933 29.232 0.12 -0.07 1.57 1.20
15 SYF4 102.333 28.435 0.95 -0.98 1.14 1.51
16 SYH5 102.597 28.191 1.04 -0.01 1.44 1.52
17 SYF7 101.795 28.196 2.38 -2.60 2.22 1.11
18 SYH6 102.995 27.978 1.07 0.35 1.92 1.32
19 SCDA 101.123 30.978 3.82 -2.36 2.61 1.57
20 SCMN 102.174 28.333 1.12 -0.34 1.79 2.00
21 SCYX 102.512 28.651 1.09 0.90 1.71 1.76
22 NJ04 102.797 28.873 -1.14 1.65 0.95 1.41
23 SYA3 101.178 31.218 2.55 0.28 2.28 1.38
24 SYA7 101.533 30.550 1.77 -1.44 1.65 1.50
25 SYB2 102.943 30.543 1.80 1.26 0.87 1.82
26 SYD0 103.163 30.320 2.46 1.93 2.80 1.05
27 SYD3 103.464 30.654 1.29 1.34 1.59 1.29
28 SYD9 102.224 28.927 -1.42 -5.07 1.08 1.44
29 SYE3 103.080 28.964 -2.36 2.20 1.95 1.68
30 SYE6 103.517 29.027 -1.39 0.96 1.79 1.53
31 SYE9 103.655 29.136 -0.45 -0.55 1.47 1.40
32 SYF2 102.495 28.760 0.43 0.42 1.83 1.50
33 SYF6 103.506 30.250 0.95 0.04 1.69 1.05
34 WARI 101.125 30.881 2.31 -0.99 2.78 1.38
35 SYG4 103.331 28.415 0.12 0.06 1.59 1.11
36 SCLT 100.218 29.992 3.59 -1.52 2.63 1.70
37 SCTQ 102.765 30.074 3.93 3.97 1.26 1.67
38 SYA5 101.382 30.690 2.29 -2.44 2.07 1.38
39 SCSM 102.354 29.229 -14.47 6.80 4.95 4.27
40 SYA4 101.403 30.631 3.03 -1.74 2.18 0.84
41 SYA9 102.646 30.543 3.40 1.76 1.85 0.94
42 SYB4 103.080 30.495 2.48 0.35 2.02 1.99
43 SYD1 103.367 30.319 1.95 0.52 1.53 0.97
44 SYD4 103.675 30.560 1.48 -0.27 1.22 1.06
45 SYE0 102.316 28.996 -1.90 -2.53 1.56 1.94
46 SYE4 103.339 28.912 -1.47 0.60 1.83 1.79
47 SYE7 103.557 29.083 -1.13 0.19 1.99 1.40
48 SYF0 103.721 29.169 -0.63 -0.29 1.66 1.41
49 SYF3 102.624 28.677 0.57 0.33 0.88 1.02
50 SYG1 102.626 28.309 0.88 -0.90 1.35 0.93
51 SYF5 101.545 28.202 0.62 -2.19 1.58 2.10
52 SYG5 103.476 28.371 0.27 -0.05 1.69 1.21
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Static displacements derived from kinematic displacements based on BDS 1 Hz sampling data

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测站震中距/kmEW向位移/mmEW向误差/mmNS向位移/mmNS向误差/mm
SYD5 39.73 -22.08 5.01 12.76 7.51
SYB1 61.98 2.27 7.86 -3.27 6.50
SYE0 69.9 -3.43 5.47 -1.66 6.75
SYD9 75.03 -1.33 6.66 -5.28 5.96
SYE2 84.43 -8.33 7.52 -3.71 8.96
SCTQ 85.22 1.47 8.15 5.31 8.05
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利用BDS 1 Hz采样数据计算的动态位移提取的静态位移

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
测站震中距/kmEW向位移/mmEW向误差/mmNS向位移/mmNS向误差/mm
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SYB1 61.98 2.27 7.86 -3.27 6.50
SYE0 69.9 -3.43 5.47 -1.66 6.75
SYD9 75.03 -1.33 6.66 -5.28 5.96
SYE2 84.43 -8.33 7.52 -3.71 8.96
SCTQ 85.22 1.47 8.15 5.31 8.05
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利用北斗数据研究2022年泸定MW6.6地震的同震位移特征
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贺添 1 , 孟国杰 1, * , 吴伟伟 1 , 赵国强 1, 2 , 董志华 1, 3 , 刘泰 1 , 魏聪敏 1
大地测量与地球动力学 | 地壳运动 2025,45(6): 626-632
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大地测量与地球动力学 |地壳运动 2025 , 45 (6) : 626 -632
利用北斗数据研究2022年泸定MW6.6地震的同震位移特征
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贺添1 , 孟国杰1, * , 吴伟伟1, 赵国强1, 2, 董志华1, 3, 刘泰1, 魏聪敏1
作者信息
  • 1 中国地震局地震预测研究所, 北京市复兴路63号, 100036
  • 2 中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院, 长沙市麓山南路932 号, 410012
  • 3 中国地震局地球物理研究所, 北京市民族大学南路5号, 100081
通讯作者:

孟国杰,博士,研究员,主要从事空间大地测量数据解析、现今地壳运动与形变、构造活动与地震以及地震预测方法研究,E-mail:

MENG Guojie, PhD, researcher, majors in analysis of space geodetic data, present-day crustal movement and deformation, tectonic activity and earthquakes, earthquake prediction methods, E-mail:

作者简介:

贺添,硕士生,主要从事GNSS精密数据处理及现今地壳形变研究,E-mail:

Coseismic Displacements of the 2022 Luding MW6.6 Earthquake Based on Beidou Observations
Tian HE1 , Guojie MENG1, * , Weiwei WU1, Guoqiang ZHAO1, 2, Zhihua DONG1, 3, Tai LIU1, Congmin WEI1
Affiliations
  • 1 Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, CEA, 63 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100036, China
  • 2 School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, 932 South-Lushan Road, Changsha 410012, China
  • 3 Institute of Geophysics, CEA, 5 South-Minzudaxue Road, Beijing 100081, China
  • HE Tian, postgraduate, majors in GNSS precise data processing and present-day crustal deformation, E-mail:

出版时间: 2025-06-15 doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.07.323
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利用中国地震科学实验场(简称“实验场”)和中国大陆构造环境监测网络(简称“陆态网络”) GNSS连续站的北斗数据对2022-09-05四川省泸定县MW6.6地震的静态形变场和动态形变场进行研究。首先,基于高精度GNSS数据处理软件GAMIT/GLOBK,利用相对定位方法对各测站30 s采样数据进行处理,获取震前8 d和震后6 d单日解坐标时间序列,利用震前和震后平均坐标差值提取同震静态位移场。结果表明,最大同震位移位于震中距约39 km处的SYD5(安顺场)站,EW向和NS向位移分别为-19.57±2.08 mm和10.88±1.79 mm;位移随震中距增大而减小,震中100 km以外各测站的同震位移均小于4 mm,在空间分布上静态位移场显示出泸定地震具有左旋走滑特征。然后,基于PRIDE PPP-AR软件利用精密单点定位(PPP)方法对1 Hz采样数据进行处理,获取测站动态位移波形,并利用震前和震后稳定时段各2 min的动态位移均值计算测站静态位移。结果表明,距离震中较近的SYD5(安顺场)、SYB1(康定)、SYE0(栗子坪)和SYD9(冕宁)站记录到明显的动态形变,EW向动态形变明显大于NS向;距离震中最近的SYD5(安顺场)和SYB1(康定)站具有显著的静态位移,其他测站静态位移不显著。最后,对BDS数据得到的静态位移与GPS静态位移进行对比分析,显示二者具有较好的一致性,表明北斗系统能够清晰地记录到发生在实验场中等强度以上地震的同震静态位移。

泸定MW6.6地震  /  BDS  /  同震形变  /  静态位移  /  动态位移

We use BDS data from continuous GNSS stations of China seismic experiment site(CSES) and crustal movement observation network of China(CMONOC) to study the static and dynamics displacement fields of 2022 Luding MW6.6 earthquake. First, we employ the relative positioning method to process 30 s sampling data based on GAMIT/GLOBK software, and obtain daily solutions over the period of 8 days before and 6 days after the Luding earthquake. We extract co-seismic static displacements using the differences between average coordinates before and after the earthquake. The maximum displacement is determined at SYD5 site, about 39 km away from the epicenter, with 19.57±2.08 mm and 10.88±1.79 mm for EW and NS components, respectively. The displacements decrease with the increase of epicenter distance. The co-seismic displacements are less than 4 mm for stations more than 100 km far away from the epicenter. The static displacement field in spatial distribution shows a left-lateral slip characteristic. Then, we use PRIDE PPP-AR software and precise point positioning method to process 1 Hz data and obtain dynamic displacement waveforms for each station. We calculate static displacements using dynamics waveforms of 2 minutes before and after the earthquake. The results indicate that SYD5(Anshunchang), SYB1(Kangding), SYE0(Liziping) and SYD9(Mianning), relatively close to the epicenter, recorded prominent dynamic displacement waveforms, with dynamic displacement of EW component larger than that of NS component. The SYD5 and SYB1 sites which are closer to the epicenter show prominent static displacements, while the static displacements of other stations are not significant. Finally, a comparative analysis is conducted between the static displacements obtained from BDS and GPS data, which shows a good consistency between them. This study indicates that the Beidou system can clearly record the coseismic static displacement of moderate intensity earthquake occur in the CSES.

Luding MW6.6 earthquake  /  BDS  /  coseismic deformation  /  static displacement  /  dynamics displacement
贺添, 孟国杰, 吴伟伟, 赵国强, 董志华, 刘泰, 魏聪敏. 利用北斗数据研究2022年泸定MW6.6地震的同震位移特征. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2025 , 45 (6) : 626 -632 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.07.323
Tian HE, Guojie MENG, Weiwei WU, Guoqiang ZHAO, Zhihua DONG, Tai LIU, Congmin WEI. Coseismic Displacements of the 2022 Luding MW6.6 Earthquake Based on Beidou Observations[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2025 , 45 (6) : 626 -632 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.07.323
据中国地震台网中心测定,北京时间2022-09-05 12:52四川省甘孜州泸定县发生MW6.6地震,震源深度16 km,震中位于29.59°N、102.08°E。地震发生后,相关机构和学者迅速展开研究,结果显示本次地震的发震断层为鲜水河断裂东南段的磨西断裂,地震破裂方向为NNW-SSE向,倾角近垂直,具有明显的左旋走滑特征[1-2]。
针对此次地震,吴伟伟等[3]利用连续GPS观测数据获取同震位移场,以此为约束反演发震断层的滑动分布,并正演震中及其邻区同震位移场和同震主应变场。徐锐等[4]利用高频(1 Hz采样)GPS数据对震源动态过程特征进行解释。郑佳伟等[5]联合高频GNSS和强震数据对断层破裂过程进行反演。目前,川滇地震科学实验场和陆态网络部分GNSS站已具备接收北斗信号的能力。本文收集泸定地震震中距200 km范围内BDS和GPS连续站30 s、1 Hz采样数据,分别利用相对定位和精密单点定位方法进行高精度数据处理,提取同震静态位移和动态位移波形,并对BDS与GPS结果进行对比分析。此外,对BDS与GPS得到的同震静态形变进行对比,分析二者存在差异的原因。
泸定MW6.6地震的震中位于四川省甘孜藏族自治州泸定县磨西镇,震中区主要断裂为鲜水河断裂(图1)。本次地震发生在鲜水河断裂东南段的磨西断裂,该断裂位于鲜水河断裂与龙门山断裂、安宁河断裂及大凉山断裂的交会地区。以磨西镇为界,南段和北段的滑动速率最大分别为12.7 mm/a和7.0 mm/a,具有强烈的压扭性左旋走滑特征[6-9]。历史地震资料表明,该段最近一次6.5级以上地震为1786年康定7.6级地震。另外,该段邻近区域也多次发生6级以上地震,包括1955年康定7.5级和2014年康定6.3级地震及2013年芦山6.6级和2022年芦山6.1级地震[10-11]。磨西断裂表现出明显的闭锁状态,具备发生大地震的构造背景[12],本次地震为磨西断裂构造活动研究提供了良好的条件。
本文选取震中距200 km范围内52个可接收BDS数据的连续站和40个全球分布的MGEX测站资料,52个连续站中43个为实验场测站,11个为陆态网络测站,所有测站都具备接收北斗C01~C30卫星B1/B3频点信号的能力,各测站位置分布见图1。本文收集测站2022-08-21—09-17时段30 s采样数据,同时还收集震中距100 km范围内SCSM、SCTQ、SYB1、SYD5、SYD9、SYE0、SYE1、SYE2共8个测站的1 Hz采样数据。
对于30 s采样的低频数据,使用GAMIT/GLOBK软件进行处理,基于相对定位模式进行单日解坐标解算。在测站组网划分时将选取的52个测站划分成3组,每组约18个,分别与全球分布的40个MGEX测站组网,形成3个具有重叠测站的子网。基线解算策略及使用的各项外部产品与模型见参考文献[13],由此得到基线向量解和其他参数估值及相应的协方差矩阵。使用GLOBK软件进行子网合并、测站坐标估计及参考框架绑定等。另外,本文选用全球均匀分布的27个MGEX测站作为框架参考站,结合ITRF2014框架站的坐标速度,将待估测站的单日解坐标绑定到ITRF2014框架,最终得到52个测站在ITRF2014参考框架下的坐标时间序列。
需要说明的是,由于泸定地震主震发生时间为2022-09-05 04:58(UTC),在处理30 s采样的BDS和GPS数据时,剔除观测文件中09-05前5 h的观测数据,即在单日解计算时仅使用05:00-24:00的观测数据。在数据处理过程中使用C01~C30号卫星数据,其中包含15颗BDS-2卫星及12颗BDS-3卫星,BDS-2卫星中包含5颗GEO卫星。在相对定位解算时,剔除BDS-2的GEO卫星可有效改善定位精度。
对于1 Hz采样数据,选用09-05 04:00-06:00观测数据进行动态位移解算。利用PRIDE PPP-AR软件,基于PPP方法进行处理,同时使用武汉大学发布的精密星历、钟差及相位偏差等产品。大气延迟处理方式与上述相对定位方法一致。
参考文献[3]已描述基于测站坐标时间序列计算同震位移的最优方法。由于本文各测站BDS数据时长不足2.5 a,无法给出精确的线性速度和周期运动,考虑到使用震前和震后短期测站坐标的平均值可以减少随机误差的影响,选用震前8 d和震后6 d的单日解坐标时间序列进行同震位移估计,将震后与震前坐标均值进行差分得到同震位移,以震前和震后坐标时间序列的离散度作为平均坐标的误差,利用误差传播定律获得同震位移的误差。
基于BDS得到的水平向同震位移场见表1和图2。由表1可知,震中距100 km范围内测站位移较为显著,其中距震中约39 km的SYD5站记录到最大位移,EW向为-19.57±2.08 mm(E向为正),NS向为10.88±1.79 mm(N向为正)。发震断层东南侧距震中约48 km的SCSM站位移超过10 mm,其中EW向为-14.47±4.95 mm,NS向为6.8±4.27 mm。震中距100 km范围内的测站同震水平位移均大于4 mm,随着震中距的增大,测站同震位移逐渐减小,在100 km以外降至4 mm以下,基本湮没在观测误差中。从图2还可以看出,BDS水平向同震位移场关于发震断层表现出明显的空间对称分布,这与本次地震所具有的左旋走滑特征一致。
对于垂向同震位移,除SCSM测站外,其他连续站记录的垂向同震位移绝对值均在5 mm内,与误差相当,距震中最近的SYD5站仅观测到-0.76 mm的同震垂向位移,误差为5 mm。考虑到垂向坐标时间序列精度相对较低,且易受测站观测环境变化和设备变更等因素的影响,导致垂向同震位移可靠性降低[3],因此对垂向同震位移不作进一步分析。
利用PPP数据处理方法,计算得到震中距100 km范围内8个连续站的单历元坐标解,其中SCSM和SYE1站在发震时刻前后BDS观测数据质量较差。SCSM站存在可接收数据的卫星数目极不稳定的现象(图3),无法获取可靠的PPP解算结果,因此对其定位结果不作分析。
图4为利用BDS 1 Hz数据获取的测站动态位移波形,为便于展示,将各测站位移在纵轴方向进行适当平移。可以明显看到,泸定地震在各测站引起的瞬时动态位移,尤其是距震中较近的SYD5、SYB1、SYE0和SYD9站,EW方向明显大于NS方向。
1 Hz数据位移波形可反映地震过程中测站的动态形变,当动态形变停止后,测站的静态坐标相对震前发生移动,该移动量即为地震引起的静态位移。利用发震前后一段时间内测站坐标均值的差异量,可从各测站的动态位移波形中提取相应的静态位移。采用参考文献[14]的方法,剔除地震波到达时刻前后坐标变化幅度较大的时段,保留发震时刻前后定位结果相对平稳的历元,分别选取地震前后2 min的单历元解计算平均坐标,然后计算震前、震后平均坐标之差,获得较为可靠的同震位移。同时,分别计算地震前后选取时段坐标值的标准差作为各自的误差,根据误差传播定律,计算同震静态位移的误差。由图4可知,距震中较近的SYD5和SYB1站产生了明显的静态位移。虽然距震中80 km以外的SYE2和SCTQ站也产生了瞬时动态位移,但并无明显的永久静态位移。
从表2可以看出,BDS 1 Hz采样数据提取的同震位移误差较单日解结果大。距震中39.73 km的SYD5站,其EW向静态位移为-22.08±5.01 mm,NS向为12.76±7.51 mm,位移量显著大于相应的误差,具有较高的置信度。而其他测站的同震位移均低于其误差,可靠性相对较低。
为验证BDS 1 Hz采样定位结果的可靠性,基于相同的处理策略,对上述测站GPS 1 Hz采样数据进行解算,并将提取的同震位移与BDS 1 Hz数据提取结果进行对比。从图5可以看出,空间分布上BDS 1 Hz采样数据提取的同震位移与GPS结果具有较好的一致性。对于SYD5站,由BDS和GPS数据得到的同震位移方向和大小具有很好的一致性;在其他测站,二者结果存在一定差异,主要是由于测站距震中相对较远,位移较小,加之PPP动态解算得到的坐标时间序列噪声较高,较小的形变量易湮没于噪声之中。此外,目前实验场地面接收设备对北斗全星座信号的接收能力还不足,多数测站无法接收精度更高的B1C和B2a信号,且解算BDS数据所需要的模型,如天线相位偏差改正模型等仍不够完善,这些因素会削弱北斗系统PPP结果的精度。
本文收集2022年泸定MW6.6地震震中距200 km范围内连续站BDS 30 s采样数据和震中距100 km范围内1 Hz采样数据,分别采用相对定位方法和精密单点定位方法进行处理,获取各测站坐标时间序列,并得到同震静态位移和动态位移。通过综合分析得到以下结论:
1) 基于BDS 30 s采样数据能够清晰地获取泸定地震的同震静态位移场。其结果揭示本次地震具有左旋走滑特征,距震中约39 km的SYD5站观测到最大同震位移,随着震中距的增大,同震水平静态位移逐渐减小。利用BDS 30 s采样数据提取的同震静态位移场与GPS结果一致,表明利用BDS提取的同震位移具有可靠性,可利用BDS替代GPS获取实验场内类似泸定地震的中等以上强度地震的同震位移场。
2) 基于BDS 1 Hz数据可提取到泸定地震的同震动态位移和静态位移。震中距50 km范围内测站能记录到清晰的动态位移和静态位移,距震中50 km以外测站无法记录到可靠的动态位移和静态位移,其信号湮没在观测噪声中。
3) BDS-2的GEO卫星轨道精度不足,在定位解算时会影响结果精度,因此在对包含BDS-2卫星数据进行解算时,应当考虑剔除BDS-2的GEO卫星或对其观测值进行降权处理。
随着实验场地面接收设备的升级及解算北斗数据需要的卫星轨道、钟差等产品和外部模型的成熟,单BDS观测数据可直接应用于实验场中等以上强度地震同震位移的提取。利用北斗系统与其他导航卫星系统的组合监测[15]和优化的高精度数据处理策略,BDS系统在实验场地壳形变监测、震源过程研究等方面将发挥越来越重要的作用。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2019YFE0108900)
  • 国家自然科学基金(42374009)
  • 国家自然科学基金(42304008)
  • 中国地震局地震预测研究所项目(CEAIEF20240404)
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2025年第45卷第6期
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doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.07.323
  • 接收时间:2024-07-06
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-06-15
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-06
基金
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFE0108900)
国家重点研发计划(2019YFE0108900)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42374009)
国家自然科学基金(42374009)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42304008)
国家自然科学基金(42304008)
The Program of Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, CEA(CEAIEF20240404)
中国地震局地震预测研究所项目(CEAIEF20240404)
作者信息
    1 中国地震局地震预测研究所, 北京市复兴路63号, 100036
    2 中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院, 长沙市麓山南路932 号, 410012
    3 中国地震局地球物理研究所, 北京市民族大学南路5号, 100081

通讯作者:

孟国杰,博士,研究员,主要从事空间大地测量数据解析、现今地壳运动与形变、构造活动与地震以及地震预测方法研究,E-mail:

MENG Guojie, PhD, researcher, majors in analysis of space geodetic data, present-day crustal movement and deformation, tectonic activity and earthquakes, earthquake prediction methods, E-mail:

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小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
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