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Article(id=1322933604996743475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1322933542426116991, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14075/j.jgg.2024.03.123, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1710950400000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-21, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793341550348, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1736870400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793341550348, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793341550348, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793341550348, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322933542426116991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, year='2025', volume='45', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='110', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1736870400000', pubDateStr='2025-01-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793341535431, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793341535431, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=66, endPage=71, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322933605449728308, articleId=1322933604996743475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=EN, title=Research on Very Low Frequency Earthquakes before the Jishishan MS6.2 Earthquake Using Envelope Cross-Correlation Localization Method, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Utilizing the envelope cross-correlation method, we localize the very low frequency earthquakes(VLFEs) before the Jishishan MS6.2 earthquake. We conduct preliminary localization over a larger area, followed by precise localization within a smaller area. Analysis by increasing or decreasing the number of stations in different directions from the epicenter reveals that an even distribution of stations in all directions is crucial, effectively reducing localization errors. The localization results indicate that the VLFEs before the Jishishan earthquake were primarily distributed near the fault zone, with their distribution orientation is consistent with the fault direction.

, authors=Xiaoyang ZHANG1, Jin DENG1, 2, *, Shuting LI1, authorsList=Xiaoyang ZHANG, Jin DENG, Shuting LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Jin DENG, authorNote=

ZHANG Xiaoyang, postgraduate, majors in slow earthquakes, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved, without authorization, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322933608163443007, articleId=1322933604996743475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=CN, title=基于包络互相关定位方法的积石山MS6.2地震前超低频地震研究, columnId=1322506193558422163, journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, columnName=地震地质, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

利用包络互相关方法对积石山MS6.2地震前的超低频地震进行定位。先在较大范围内进行初步定位, 然后在较小范围内进行精确定位。通过增加或减少震源不同方位的台站数量进行分析, 结果显示, 台站在各个方位上的均匀分布至关重要, 可以有效减小定位误差。定位结果表明, 积石山地震前的超低频地震主要分布在断裂带附近, 分布方位和断层方向保持一致。

, authors=张晓阳1, 邓津1, 2, *, 李淑婷1, authorsList=张晓阳, 邓津, 李淑婷, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=邓津, authorNote=

张晓阳, 硕士生, 主要从事慢地震研究, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=

邓津, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为岩土地震工程和地震学, E-mal:

DENG Jin, associate researcher, majors in rock and soil seismic engineering and seismology, E-mail:

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ZHANG Xiaoyang, postgraduate, majors in slow earthquakes, E-mail:

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Natural earthquakes and VLFEs in the studied area

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序号 发震时刻/超低频记录时间 发震位置 经度/(°) 纬度/(°) 震源深度/km 震级ML 类别
VLFE1 2023-12-16 00:21:47 104.00 34.45 0 超低频地震
2023-12-16 00:37:54 四川会理 102.36 26.33 20 2.5 天然地震
2023-12-16 02:10:43 青海治多 95.05 33.73 11 2.2 天然地震
2023-12-16 03:01:55 青海兴海 99.43 35.61 11 2.4 天然地震
VLFE2 2023-12-16 07:36:56 102.48 35.87 0 超低频地震
2023-12-16 08:07:27 青海共和 100.12 36.41 8 2.1 天然地震
VLFE3 2023-12-16 15:09:35 102.85 35.39 0 超低频地震
2023-12-16 15:28:00 甘肃肃北 97.30 39.28 20 2.5 天然地震
VLFE4 2023-12-16 18:12:58 104.11 35.07 0 超低频地震
VLFE5 2023-12-16 23:44:53 103.97 35.14 0 超低频地震
2023-12-17 03:49:50 青海称多 97.41 33.64 9 2.0 天然地震
2023-12-17 08:42:33 甘肃肃北 97.27 39.27 16 2.5 天然地震
2023-12-17 12:39:41 甘肃肃北 95.00 39.36 10 3.2 天然地震
VLFE6 2023-12-17 16:26:05 102.79 35.52 0 超低频地震
2023-12-17 20:08:55 青海共和 100.15 36.14 9 2.2 天然地震
2023-12-17 22:56:13 青海河南县 101.80 34.47 10 2.5 天然地震
2023-12-17 23:05:19 甘肃肃北 97.28 39.28 7 2.7 天然地震
2023-12-18 03:56:43 甘肃肃北 97.27 39.27 20 2.4 天然地震
2023-12-18 04:46:24 青海祁连 99.54 38.39 10 2.0 天然地震
2023-12-18 12:43:03 甘肃金塔 98.35 40.42 7 2.2 天然地震
2023-12-18 14:02:33 甘肃肃北 97.30 39.20 7 3.2 天然地震
2023-12-18 14:46:48 甘肃肃北 97.25 39.22 11 2.3 天然地震
2023-12-18 16:13:49 青海茫崖 94.10 38.59 8 2.8 天然地震
2023-12-18 16:56:47 甘肃玉门 97.90 40.19 9 3.1 天然地震
VLFE7 2023-12-18 18:32:41 101.10 36.99 0 超低频地震
2023-12-18 23:59:30 甘肃积石山 102.79 35.70 10 6.2 天然地震
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研究区域的天然地震和超低频地震

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序号 发震时刻/超低频记录时间 发震位置 经度/(°) 纬度/(°) 震源深度/km 震级ML 类别
VLFE1 2023-12-16 00:21:47 104.00 34.45 0 超低频地震
2023-12-16 00:37:54 四川会理 102.36 26.33 20 2.5 天然地震
2023-12-16 02:10:43 青海治多 95.05 33.73 11 2.2 天然地震
2023-12-16 03:01:55 青海兴海 99.43 35.61 11 2.4 天然地震
VLFE2 2023-12-16 07:36:56 102.48 35.87 0 超低频地震
2023-12-16 08:07:27 青海共和 100.12 36.41 8 2.1 天然地震
VLFE3 2023-12-16 15:09:35 102.85 35.39 0 超低频地震
2023-12-16 15:28:00 甘肃肃北 97.30 39.28 20 2.5 天然地震
VLFE4 2023-12-16 18:12:58 104.11 35.07 0 超低频地震
VLFE5 2023-12-16 23:44:53 103.97 35.14 0 超低频地震
2023-12-17 03:49:50 青海称多 97.41 33.64 9 2.0 天然地震
2023-12-17 08:42:33 甘肃肃北 97.27 39.27 16 2.5 天然地震
2023-12-17 12:39:41 甘肃肃北 95.00 39.36 10 3.2 天然地震
VLFE6 2023-12-17 16:26:05 102.79 35.52 0 超低频地震
2023-12-17 20:08:55 青海共和 100.15 36.14 9 2.2 天然地震
2023-12-17 22:56:13 青海河南县 101.80 34.47 10 2.5 天然地震
2023-12-17 23:05:19 甘肃肃北 97.28 39.28 7 2.7 天然地震
2023-12-18 03:56:43 甘肃肃北 97.27 39.27 20 2.4 天然地震
2023-12-18 04:46:24 青海祁连 99.54 38.39 10 2.0 天然地震
2023-12-18 12:43:03 甘肃金塔 98.35 40.42 7 2.2 天然地震
2023-12-18 14:02:33 甘肃肃北 97.30 39.20 7 3.2 天然地震
2023-12-18 14:46:48 甘肃肃北 97.25 39.22 11 2.3 天然地震
2023-12-18 16:13:49 青海茫崖 94.10 38.59 8 2.8 天然地震
2023-12-18 16:56:47 甘肃玉门 97.90 40.19 9 3.1 天然地震
VLFE7 2023-12-18 18:32:41 101.10 36.99 0 超低频地震
2023-12-18 23:59:30 甘肃积石山 102.79 35.70 10 6.2 天然地震
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基于包络互相关定位方法的积石山MS6.2地震前超低频地震研究
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张晓阳 1 , 邓津 1, 2, * , 李淑婷 1
大地测量与地球动力学 | 地震地质 2025,45(1): 66-71
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大地测量与地球动力学 |地震地质 2025 , 45 (1) : 66 -71
基于包络互相关定位方法的积石山MS6.2地震前超低频地震研究
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张晓阳1 , 邓津1, 2, * , 李淑婷1
作者信息
  • 1 中国地震局兰州地震研究所, 兰州市东岗西路450号, 730000
  • 2 兰州地球物理国家野外科学观测研究站, 兰州市东岗西路450号, 730000
通讯作者:

邓津, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为岩土地震工程和地震学, E-mal:

DENG Jin, associate researcher, majors in rock and soil seismic engineering and seismology, E-mail:

作者简介:

张晓阳, 硕士生, 主要从事慢地震研究, E-mail:

Research on Very Low Frequency Earthquakes before the Jishishan MS6.2 Earthquake Using Envelope Cross-Correlation Localization Method
Xiaoyang ZHANG1 , Jin DENG1, 2, * , Shuting LI1
Affiliations
  • 1 Lanzhou Institute of Seismology, CAE, 450 West-Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 2 Lanzhou Geophysics National Observation and Research Station, 450 West-Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, China

    • ZHANG Xiaoyang, postgraduate, majors in slow earthquakes, E-mail:

出版时间: 2025-01-15 doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.03.123
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摘要
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利用包络互相关方法对积石山MS6.2地震前的超低频地震进行定位。先在较大范围内进行初步定位, 然后在较小范围内进行精确定位。通过增加或减少震源不同方位的台站数量进行分析, 结果显示, 台站在各个方位上的均匀分布至关重要, 可以有效减小定位误差。定位结果表明, 积石山地震前的超低频地震主要分布在断裂带附近, 分布方位和断层方向保持一致。

积石山地震  /  超低频地震  /  地震定位  /  包络互相关

Utilizing the envelope cross-correlation method, we localize the very low frequency earthquakes(VLFEs) before the Jishishan MS6.2 earthquake. We conduct preliminary localization over a larger area, followed by precise localization within a smaller area. Analysis by increasing or decreasing the number of stations in different directions from the epicenter reveals that an even distribution of stations in all directions is crucial, effectively reducing localization errors. The localization results indicate that the VLFEs before the Jishishan earthquake were primarily distributed near the fault zone, with their distribution orientation is consistent with the fault direction.

Jishishan earthquake  /  very low frequency earthquake(VLFE)  /  earthquake location  /  envelope cross-correlation
张晓阳, 邓津, 李淑婷. 基于包络互相关定位方法的积石山MS6.2地震前超低频地震研究. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2025 , 45 (1) : 66 -71 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.03.123
Xiaoyang ZHANG, Jin DENG, Shuting LI. Research on Very Low Frequency Earthquakes before the Jishishan MS6.2 Earthquake Using Envelope Cross-Correlation Localization Method[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2025 , 45 (1) : 66 -71 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.03.123
正文
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超低频地震(very low frequency earthquakes, VLFEs)是指地震波频率范围在0.02~0.05 Hz之间的地震事件，最早在南海海槽附近被发现。这类地震以低频地震波为主，由于其缺乏明显的P波和S波相位，因此未被常规地震目录所记录[1-2]。然而，对地震波进行0.02~0.05 Hz频带的滤波后发现，在面波到达前可以探测到轻微的相位差异。这些相位的到达时间与基于质心计算的P波或S波传播时间一致，表明它们确实是P波或S波相位[3]。由于超低频地震缺乏清晰的P波和S波相位，其精确定位变得困难，特别是在震源深度的确定方面更具挑战性。目前，对于超低频地震，一般假设其波形主要为S波，并利用S波的波速来进行定位。波形包络互相关方法是一种常用的慢地震定位技术，该方法通过将滤波后的波形进行包络化，利用互相关分析确定各台站之间的相对到时差，从而实现超低频地震的精确定位。
对2023年积石山MS6.2地震(图1)前3 d的连续波形数据进行带通滤波分析，发现共发生7次超低频地震，其中5次发生在12-16，另外2次分别发生在12-17、18。为研究其分布和迁移特征，采用包络互相关方法对7次超低频地震进行定位。同时，分析超低频地震震源位置与断层分布之间的关系。
1 数据和方法
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1.1 研究数据
研究区域为34.00°~37.50°N、101.00°~104.50°E。使用中国地震台网在2023-12-16-18记录到的三分量地震波数据。首先对选择好的地震记录进行去仪器响应、降采样至10 Hz、滤波等处理，其中滤波范围为0.02~0.05 Hz。超低频地震信号不仅在垂直分量上表现明显，在水平分量上同样可以观察到，但由于各种干扰因素，水平分量在超低频地震波段通常伴有较大的背景噪声[4]。因此，本文选择垂直分量进行超低频地震的分析。
1.2 研究方法
包络相关法最初被引入用于定位地震震颤，以应对震颤缺乏明显纵波和横波相位的问题。包络相关法首次成功应用于日本西南部的俯冲带震颤的定位[5]。该方法通过最大化包络波形的互相关，并运用射线理论计算走时，以定位震源，并解释观测到的地震信号的走时差异。随后，许多学者对包络相关法进行了改进。Wech等[6-7]通过直接最大化包络波形的相互关系来确定地震位置。Maeda等[8]引入信号振幅信息，将其融入包络相关方法。Mizuno等[9]采用最大似然法，将互相关函数作为目标函数定义一种新的最大似然方法。这些改进不仅拓展了包络相关法的应用领域，还提高了其在地震学研究中的准确性和可靠性。
本文选用Wech等[6]提出的波形包络互相关方法，其目标函数M(xgrid) 是对所有互相关图对的加权L1范数：
$M\left(x^{\text {grid }}\right)=\sum\limits_{i=1}^N \sum\limits_{j=i+1}^N \frac{c_{i j}^{\max }-c_{i j}\left(\mathtt{\delta} t_{i j}\left(x^{\text {grid }}\right)\right)}{\Delta c\left(c_{i j}^{\max }\right)}$
式中，xgrid为在网格上搜索的目标震源位置；cij为两个包络函数之间的归一化互相关图，用于衡量地震信号在不同台站之间的相似性；N为地震图的数量；cijmax为互相关图的最大值；δtij(xgrid)为第i个和第j个台站之间的S波走时差。构建目标函数是为了在地震事件的定位过程中寻找最优的震源位置xgrid，通过优化目标函数，使地震波在各台站之间的互相关性达到最大值。对于每个网格位置，通过计算台站对之间的走时差δtij(xgrid)，获取其对应的互相关值cij(δtij(xgrid)) (图2曲线显示了在不同走时差下，包络函数之间的相似度)。然后，通过寻找最小互相关差值cijmax-cij(δtij(xgrid))，结合不确定性Δc(cijmax) 的反向加权，对震源进行定位。
2 结果
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2.1 检测结果
超低频地震是地震记录经过带通滤波后识别的。为确保研究结果的准确性和可靠性，进一步利用中国地震台网和USGS提供的地震目录，对近震和远震事件进行筛选和删除，消除地震事件的干扰，最终共检测到7个超低频地震。分析时段内的超低频地震和ML2以上地震信息见表1，其中超低频地震的发震时刻根据波形包络最大值对应时刻确定。图3为2023-12-18 18:32:41发生的一次超低频地震，地震波经过带通滤波和归一化处理，图中显示的是20~50 s周期的信号。分析该事件的波形特征可以发现，超低频地震没有明显的P波和S波震相，利用震相或者S-P波到时差来定位的常规定位方法不再适用于超低频地震。
分析积石山MS6.2地震前的超低频地震时间序列发现，2023-12-16共发生5次超低频地震，2023-12-17、18各发生1次超低频地震，2023-12-16超低频地震的活动显得异常活跃，而在随后的2 d内超低频地震的活动显著减少，可能表明了地下压力或地质状态的某种调整。
2.2 定位方法的验证
为检验包络互相关定位方法的实用性，对2023-12-19 00:36:18发生在甘肃临夏州积石山的MS4.0地震进行定位研究。地震震中位于35.78°N、102.78°E，震源深度为10 km。
通过选取不同震中距离的台站，验证台站选择的范围和分布对定位结果的影响。使用震中150 km范围内的台站，定位结果为35.758°N、102.810°E，震源深度为13.3 km，与中国地震台网中心提供的的震源位置相比，震源深度偏深，水平方向偏向东南，但整体水平误差较小。使用震中200 km范围内的台站，定位结果为35.848°N、102.847°E，震源深度为6.7 km，震源深度偏浅，水平方向偏向东北，但整体水平误差较大(图4(a))。分析表明，在选择台站范围时，需要平衡选择台站的数量和位置，而不是选择尽可能多的台站参与定位。台站范围的选择对地震定位精度具有显著影响，为了提高定位精度，采用逐步精确定位的策略，即先在较大范围内初步定位，然后在较小范围内精确定位。
通过选取震中150 km范围内不同方位和震中距的台站，验证台站分布方位和震中距离对定位结果的影响。通过增加西南方向的约束，即增加HZT台(震中距离86.4 km)，和减少东南方向的约束，即减少LXZ台(震中距离46.8 km)，发现台站的选择会显著影响地震定位结果。在减少对东南方向的约束台站时，定位结果为35.917°N、102.664°E，震源深度为6.7 km，南北方向误差约为15.23 km、东西方向误差约为10.46 km，整体水平误差约为18.48 km，垂直误差约为3.3 km，定位结果出现较大的南北和东西方向误差，整体水平误差显著增加(图4(b))。表明在缺少某些方位的台站约束时，可能有较大的定位误差。增加西南方向的约束台站，定位结果为35.749°N、102.756°E，震源深度为13.3 km，在水平方向偏向其东南方向，南北方向误差约为3.45 km、东西方向误差约为2.17 km，整体水平误差约为4.07 km，垂直误差约为3.3 km，与不增加新方位约束台站的定位误差变化不大。这表明，在满足一定的台站约束条件后，增加台站约束并不会显著改善定位结果，但减少震中距离较近的台站约束会使定位结果变差。台站分布方位对震源的覆盖性越好、距离震中位置越近，定位结果越精确。特别是当震源位置超出台站观测网的范围时，不能满足台站分布方位的约束，水平方向的收敛性变差，导致定位结果不准确。这提示在包络互相关地震定位研究中，观测台站的地理分布需要尽可能覆盖震源位置，否则会导致定位结果不准确。
通过上述验证发现，增加观测台站的数量，尤其是提供覆盖方位更好的地震台站，可以获得更好的震源定位结果。在大致确定震源范围后，选择震源附近小范围内覆盖性好的台站进行精确定位，是提高包络互相关定位方法精度的有效策略。
2.3 超低频地震定位结果
使用包络互相关方法对检测到的7次超低频地震进行定位。图5为2023-12-16 15:09:35发生的超低频地震的定位和互相关分析结果，该事件的震源位置为35.393°N、102.847°E，震源深度为0 km。定位中使用的台站包括HUL、XUH、TOR、LJX、HZT、MIH、LXA，波形数据来自这些台站的垂直分量记录。图5(a)为参与定位的台站和震源位置，图5(b)在网格中给出了震源深度信息，图5(c)为预处理后各台站的包络波形和包络波形的时间偏移和权重。时间偏移基于信号之间的匹配程度来确定，反映地震波从震源到达不同地震台站所需的时间差异；权重表示赋予每个时间延迟点的相对重要性，其应用可以提升分析的准确性，高权重的时间点表明在该时间延迟下，两个信号的匹配程度更加重要，因此在定位震源时会给予更多考虑。
超低频地震的空间分布通过图1中蓝色圆圈标注，通过对定位台站的约束能力进行评估和排序，将事件分为A、B、C三个级别，其中A级代表定位结果约束好，较为准确；B级代表结果较好；C级代表结果较差。本研究主要讨论A级和B级的事件。A级的超低频地震主要分布在研究区域中心，集中在倒淌河-循化南山断裂附近；B级的超低频地震分布在研究区东南角，集中于西秦岭北缘断裂、临潭-宕昌断裂周边。相比之下，C级的超低频地震震源位于研究区西北角，分布在远离断裂带的地区。研究区边缘位置的超低频地震定位误差是不可忽视的，因此位于研究区边缘的超低频地震被定义为C级事件。
几乎所有探测到的超低频地震事件都在断层周边，同时超低频地震沿着NW向分布，与研究区域断层的NW向分布特征一致，证明了超低频地震与断层之间存在强烈的相关性，这与其他研究的结果一致。超低频地震代表缓慢的断层滑动，可以作为慢滑移事件的指示事件，同时超低频地震也可能是由慢滑移事件诱发或调控的[10-11]。
7次超低频地震中的震源深度均为0 km，这说明波形包络互相关方法对超低频地震的震源深度的约束不足，导致深度分辨率上存在较大的不确定性。波形包络互相关方法通过比较地震波的波形特征，尤其是波形包络的相似性，来确定地震的震源位置，这种方法在对震源深度进行约束时存在一些困难，因为地震波的传播路径和速度与深度有关，而这些信息在波形包络互相关中可能无法被准确地反映。因此在使用波形包络互相关方法进行地震定位时，特别是对于深度信息，需要谨慎对待由于方法的局限性而可能导致的不确定性。使用其他更精确的地震定位方法或多种观测手段的结合可能有助于提高深度分辨率和减小不确定性。
3 结语
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本文通过波形包络互相关方法有效定位了积石山地震震源区域的超低频地震。在选择合适的地震台站的基础上，利用包络互相关法比较了地震波形包络的相似性，以获取超低频地震的准确震源位置。该方法在处理超低频地震信号时表现出显著的效果，解决了超低频地震由于缺乏明显的体波相位而难以通过传统的P波和S波到时来进行定位的问题。
台站选择的范围和方位约束可对超低频地震的定位结果产生显著影响。本文首先在较大范围内进行初步定位，确定大致的震源位置；然后，在缩小的范围内进行更精确的定位。增加或减少不同方位的台站对定位结果的影响分析显示，减少对某一方位的震中距较近的台站约束可能导致较大的定位误差，而增加约束台站并不会显著改善定位结果。因此，在地震定位中，确保地震台站在各个方位上均匀分布至关重要。当震源位置超出台站观测网的范围时，水平方向的收敛性变差，这提示台站观测的地理分布需要覆盖可能的震源位置，以确保定位的准确性。
包络互相关定位结果表明，积石山地震前的超低频地震主要分布在断裂带附近，尤其是在研究区的断层系统上，支持了超低频地震与断裂活动相关的观点。
基金
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  • 兰州地球物理国家野外科学观测研究站项目(2021Y02)
  • 国家自然科学基金(51578518)
  • 甘肃省青年科技基金(22JR11RA089)
文献
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参考文献 引证文献
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2025年第45卷第1期
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文章信息
doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.03.123
  • 接收时间：2024-03-21
  • 首发时间：2026-10-30
  • 出版时间：2025-01-15
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  • 收稿日期：2024-03-21
基金
Project of Lanzhou Geophysics National Observation and Research Station(2021Y02)
兰州地球物理国家野外科学观测研究站项目(2021Y02)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51578518)
国家自然科学基金(51578518)
The Youth Science Foundation of Gansu Province(22JR11RA089)
甘肃省青年科技基金(22JR11RA089)
作者信息
    1 中国地震局兰州地震研究所, 兰州市东岗西路450号, 730000
    2 兰州地球物理国家野外科学观测研究站, 兰州市东岗西路450号, 730000

通讯作者:

邓津, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为岩土地震工程和地震学, E-mal:

DENG Jin, associate researcher, majors in rock and soil seismic engineering and seismology, E-mail:

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/CN/10.14075/j.jgg.2024.03.123
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
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