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Article(id=1322933571459097141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1322933542426116991, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14075/j.jgg.2024.03.100, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1710086400000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-11, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793341542353, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1736870400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793341542353, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793341542353, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793341542353, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322933542426116991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, year='2025', volume='45', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='110', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1736870400000', pubDateStr='2025-01-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793341535431, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793341535431, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=60, endPage=65, 71, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322933571643646518, articleId=1322933571459097141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=EN, title=Asymmetric High and Steep Valley Slope Ground Motion Response for the Luding MS4.5 Earthquake, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Based on the measured ground motion data of the MS4.5 earthquake in Luding, Sichuan in 2023, we conduct an asymmetric slope time-frequency domain data analysis. The results show that: 1) The PGA amplification factor at monitoring point 1# on the right bank is highest, with horizontal and vertical values of 3.16 to 15.08 and 4.37, respectively. 2) The maximum Arias intensity on the right bank is 2.24 cm/s, and the maximum Arias intensity on the left bank is 0.79 cm/s, indicating that the seismic energy on the right bank is stronger. 3) The dominant frequency distribution of the monitoring points on the right bank of the slope is 2 to 9 Hz, while the dominant frequency on the left bank is 2 to 17 Hz. The energy presented by the seismic amplitude is more concentrated in the horizontal than in the vertical direction. On the right bank of the asymmetric high steep valley slope, the protruding peninsula shaped slope terrain has a stronger response than the straight shaped slope.

, authors=Huaying SONG1, Yunsheng WANG1, *, Jianxian HE1, Yongjiang DU1, Tao TANG1, Haochen WU1, authorsList=Huaying SONG, Yunsheng WANG, Jianxian HE, Yongjiang DU, Tao TANG, Haochen WU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Yunsheng WANG, authorNote=

SONG Huaying, postgraduate, majors in geological engineering and geological hazards, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved, without authorization, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322933573329756741, articleId=1322933571459097141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=CN, title=泸定MS4.5地震不对称高陡谷坡地震动响应, columnId=1322506193558422163, journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, columnName=地震地质, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

基于2023年四川泸定MS4.5地震实测地震动数据, 开展不对称斜坡时频域数据分析。结果表明: 1)位于右岸1#监测点的PGA放大系数最大, 水平向和竖直向分别为3.16~15.08、4.37;2)Arias强度右岸最大值为2.24 cm/s, 左岸最大值为0.79 cm/s, 说明右岸地震动响应能量更强; 3)斜坡右岸监测点的卓越频率为2~9 Hz, 左岸卓越频率为2~17 Hz, 地震幅值所呈现出来的能量在水平向比竖直向更为集中。地震动响应在不对称高陡谷坡右岸凸出半岛状斜坡地形比直线形斜坡更为强烈, 高位覆盖层的存在会增强地震动响应。

, authors=宋华英1, 王运生1, *, 贺建先1, 杜勇江1, 唐涛1, 吴昊宸1, authorsList=宋华英, 王运生, 贺建先, 杜勇江, 唐涛, 吴昊宸, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王运生, authorNote=

宋华英, 硕士生, 主要研究方向为地质工程与地质灾害, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=

王运生, 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为地质工程与地质灾害, E-mail:

WANG Yunsheng, PhD, professor, majors in geological engineering and geological hazards, E-mail:

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language=CN, label=图7, caption=摩岗岭地区地震诱发的滑坡, figureFileSmall=NdYwmB9qWhk81MZY46y7Ew==, figureFileBig=S3bKj/CfafjJ7Gh0np9lJw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322940478722814917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322933571459097141, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Site parameters of monitoring points

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监测点 高程/m 与谷底高差/m 经度 纬度 岩性
1# 1 516 106 102°09′28.18″ 30°02′58.16″ 花岗岩
2# 1 478 68 102°09′29.06″ 30°03′03.06″ 花岗岩
3# 1 419 9 102°09′26.37″ 30°03′07.14″ 花岗岩
8# 1 935 525 102°09′17.70″ 30°03′22.22″ 覆盖层
9# 1 953 542 102°09′15.13″ 30°03′21.56″ 覆盖层
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监测点场地参数

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监测点 高程/m 与谷底高差/m 经度 纬度 岩性
1# 1 516 106 102°09′28.18″ 30°02′58.16″ 花岗岩
2# 1 478 68 102°09′29.06″ 30°03′03.06″ 花岗岩
3# 1 419 9 102°09′26.37″ 30°03′07.14″ 花岗岩
8# 1 935 525 102°09′17.70″ 30°03′22.22″ 覆盖层
9# 1 953 542 102°09′15.13″ 30°03′21.56″ 覆盖层
), ArticleFig(id=1322940479159022536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322933571459097141, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Characteristic values of ground motion response at each monitoring point

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监测点 PGA/cm·s-2 Arias强度/cm·s-1
EW SN UD EW SN UD
1# 7.751 22.323 9.859 0.52 2.24 0.73
2# 8.448 8.072 3.249 0.27 0.29 0.09
3# 2.454 1.480 2.252 0.04 0.02 0.03
8# 6.455 8.067 7.373 0.57 0.71 0.36
9# 8.524 6.977 4.438 0.79 0.47 0.19
), ArticleFig(id=1322940479456818121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322933571459097141, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各监测点地震动响应特征值

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监测点 PGA/cm·s-2 Arias强度/cm·s-1
EW SN UD EW SN UD
1# 7.751 22.323 9.859 0.52 2.24 0.73
2# 8.448 8.072 3.249 0.27 0.29 0.09
3# 2.454 1.480 2.252 0.04 0.02 0.03
8# 6.455 8.067 7.373 0.57 0.71 0.36
9# 8.524 6.977 4.438 0.79 0.47 0.19
), ArticleFig(id=1322940479549092810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322933571459097141, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

The amplification factor of each monitoring point

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监测点 PGA放大系数
EW NS UD
1# 3.16 15.08 4.37
2# 3.44 5.45 1.44
8# 2.63 5.45 3.27
9# 3.47 4.71 1.97
), ArticleFig(id=1322940479628784587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322933571459097141, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

各监测点放大系数

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监测点 PGA放大系数
EW NS UD
1# 3.16 15.08 4.37
2# 3.44 5.45 1.44
8# 2.63 5.45 3.27
9# 3.47 4.71 1.97
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泸定MS4.5地震不对称高陡谷坡地震动响应
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宋华英 1 , 王运生 1, * , 贺建先 1 , 杜勇江 1 , 唐涛 1 , 吴昊宸 1
大地测量与地球动力学 | 地震地质 2025,45(1): 60-65, 71
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大地测量与地球动力学 |地震地质 2025 , 45 (1) : 60 -65, 71
泸定MS4.5地震不对称高陡谷坡地震动响应
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宋华英1 , 王运生1, * , 贺建先1, 杜勇江1, 唐涛1, 吴昊宸1
作者信息
  • 1 成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室, 成都市东三路1号, 610059
通讯作者:

王运生, 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为地质工程与地质灾害, E-mail:

WANG Yunsheng, PhD, professor, majors in geological engineering and geological hazards, E-mail:

作者简介:

宋华英, 硕士生, 主要研究方向为地质工程与地质灾害, E-mail:

Asymmetric High and Steep Valley Slope Ground Motion Response for the Luding MS4.5 Earthquake
Huaying SONG1 , Yunsheng WANG1, * , Jianxian HE1, Yongjiang DU1, Tao TANG1, Haochen WU1
Affiliations
  • 1 State Key Laboratory of Geohazard and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, 1 Dongsan Road, Chengdu 610059, China

    • SONG Huaying, postgraduate, majors in geological engineering and geological hazards, E-mail:

出版时间: 2025-01-15 doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.03.100
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摘要
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基于2023年四川泸定MS4.5地震实测地震动数据, 开展不对称斜坡时频域数据分析。结果表明: 1)位于右岸1#监测点的PGA放大系数最大, 水平向和竖直向分别为3.16~15.08、4.37;2)Arias强度右岸最大值为2.24 cm/s, 左岸最大值为0.79 cm/s, 说明右岸地震动响应能量更强; 3)斜坡右岸监测点的卓越频率为2~9 Hz, 左岸卓越频率为2~17 Hz, 地震幅值所呈现出来的能量在水平向比竖直向更为集中。地震动响应在不对称高陡谷坡右岸凸出半岛状斜坡地形比直线形斜坡更为强烈, 高位覆盖层的存在会增强地震动响应。

泸定MS4.5地震  /  地形放大效应  /  希尔伯特-黄变换  /  斜坡地震动  /  高陡覆盖层

Based on the measured ground motion data of the MS4.5 earthquake in Luding, Sichuan in 2023, we conduct an asymmetric slope time-frequency domain data analysis. The results show that: 1) The PGA amplification factor at monitoring point 1# on the right bank is highest, with horizontal and vertical values of 3.16 to 15.08 and 4.37, respectively. 2) The maximum Arias intensity on the right bank is 2.24 cm/s, and the maximum Arias intensity on the left bank is 0.79 cm/s, indicating that the seismic energy on the right bank is stronger. 3) The dominant frequency distribution of the monitoring points on the right bank of the slope is 2 to 9 Hz, while the dominant frequency on the left bank is 2 to 17 Hz. The energy presented by the seismic amplitude is more concentrated in the horizontal than in the vertical direction. On the right bank of the asymmetric high steep valley slope, the protruding peninsula shaped slope terrain has a stronger response than the straight shaped slope.

Luding MS4.5 earthquake  /  terrain amplification effect  /  Hilbert-Huang transformation  /  slope ground motion  /  high and steep covering layer
宋华英, 王运生, 贺建先, 杜勇江, 唐涛, 吴昊宸. 泸定MS4.5地震不对称高陡谷坡地震动响应. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2025 , 45 (1) : 60 -65, 71 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.03.100
Huaying SONG, Yunsheng WANG, Jianxian HE, Yongjiang DU, Tao TANG, Haochen WU. Asymmetric High and Steep Valley Slope Ground Motion Response for the Luding MS4.5 Earthquake[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2025 , 45 (1) : 60 -65, 71 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.03.100
正文
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汶川地震后，王运生等[1]、黄润秋[2]对地震灾害发育进行研究发现，地震造成的山地灾害多发生于斜坡坡折处、中上部、单薄山脊或突出山嘴，因为这些部位易受地形放大作用、地震波传播方向效应和微地形地貌放大效应的影响。薄景山等[3]认为，随着覆盖层的变厚，其对接收到的地震波具有很好的放大作用。侯红娟[4]通过振动台试验发现，在特定的条件下斜坡具有临空面放大效应的水平层状斜坡地震动力响应规律。
小波变换和傅里叶变换是广泛使用的时频分析方法，但傅里叶变换属于纯频域分析，未能给出时域信息；小波分析虽然在时频域局部性都有很大提高，但其仍然是窗口可调的傅里叶变换，无法摆脱傅里叶变换的缺陷[5]，且其有效性取决于小波基函数的选取[6]。希尔伯特-黄变换是近年来发展起来的一种新的信号处理方法，其优点是可以从本质上摆脱对傅里叶变换的限制，既无需设计基函数，又可充分发挥小波变换多分辨率的特点，更适合用于非平稳信号的处理[7-8]。
2022-09泸定MS6.8地震震后地质灾害编录结果揭示，崩滑主要发育于不对称高陡斜坡。为揭示此类斜坡地震动响应规律，在四川省泸定县冷竹关布置原位斜坡地震动监测剖面，获取大量的实测地震动数据。2023-05-12 02:34泸定县发生MS4.5地震，为泸定MS6.8地震的余震。本文基于此次泸定MS4.5地震的实测数据，使用希尔伯特-黄变换法开展不对称斜坡时频域数据分析。
1 监测点概况
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监测剖面位于泸定县冷竹关村(图1)，各监测仪器位于冷竹关沟左右两岸，冷竹关沟属于大渡河右岸一级支流。监测场地是典型的高山峡谷区，坡表出露的岩性以花岗岩、花岗闪长岩为主，由于坡表受风化卸荷影响，其完整性较差。冷竹关沟右岸山脊呈半岛状，坡度35°~55°，高差约100 m；冷竹关左岸斜坡为坡向近东向直线形，坡度30°~40°，高差可达千余米，斜坡上部覆盖层第四系沉积物厚约200 m[9]。
各监测点分布见图2，其中，1#和2#监测平硐位于冷竹关沟右岸半岛状山梁，3#~5#监测平硐位于左岸直线形浑厚山体，6#为历史引水工程平硐，8#和9#位于左岸顶部深厚覆盖层上，监测剖面见图3，部分监测点的场地属性见表1[2]。
监测点所用监测设备为G01NET-3型结构与斜坡地震动响应监测仪，采样间隔为0.005 12 s，分辨率为0.005 mV。
2 斜坡地震动响应数据分析
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此次地震触发了1#、2#、3#、8#和9#共5台监测仪器。使用MATLAB软件对波形数据进行基线校正和低通滤波(0.5~25 Hz)处理，剔除外部环境干扰造成的高频影响，得到各监测站准确且有效的地震波三分量峰值加速度值，获取4.5级余震的地震动时程数据，地表最大峰值加速度(PGA)和阿里亚斯(Arias)强度数据见表2。
2.1 时程曲线分析
由表2可知，位于冷竹关沟右岸山梁顶部处的1#监测点3个方向的加速度均较大，位于谷底的3#监测点3个方向的加速度均最小。1#监测点的水平向峰值加速度约为谷底的9.1倍，竖直向约为谷底的4.4倍；右岸山腰的2#监测点的水平向峰值加速度约为谷底的3.4倍，竖直向约为谷底的1.4倍；左岸黄草坪坡顶8#监测点水平峰值加速度约为谷底的3.3倍，竖直向约为谷底的3.3倍；左岸黄草坪坡顶9#监测点水平向峰值加速度约为谷底的3.5倍，竖直向约为谷底的2.0倍。
从表2还可以看出，谷底3#监测点Arias强度最小，其水平向最大为0.04 cm/s，竖直向为0.03 cm/s。以其为参考点，1#监测点的水平向Arias强度约为谷底的56倍，竖直向约为谷底的24.3倍；2#监测点的水平向Arias强度约为谷底的7.25倍，竖直向约为谷底的3倍；8#监测点水平Arias强度约为谷底的17.75倍，竖直向约为谷底的12倍；9#监测点水平向Arias强度约为谷底的19.75倍，竖直向约为谷底的6.3倍。同时可见，右岸最大值为2.24 cm/s，左岸最大值为0.79 cm/s，前者约为后者的2.84倍，说明右岸地震动能量更强。
2.2 加速度反应谱分析
分析加速度反应谱时，将阻尼比分别设置为5%、10%和20%进行计算。由图4可见，各反应谱动力特征表现为当阻尼比增大时，加速度幅值显著降低，且各反应谱的曲线变化趋势一致。地震动加速度幅值随着阻尼比的变化而改变，这表明地震动加速度反应谱反映的是不同地质场地对地震动的响应[10]。总体而言，各监测点三向地震动加速度幅值分别为25~55 cm/s2(1#)、10~20 cm/s2(2#)、5~11 cm/s2(3#)、30~40 cm/s2(8#)、22~30 cm/s2(9#)，1#监测点地震动三向加速度幅值波动最大。且各监测点的地震动加速度反应谱出现较大起伏，呈现出多峰值特征，说明通过不同地形时，地震波会发生折射和反射现象，1#监测点的水平向地震动和2#监测点的竖直向地震动表现最为明显，与2个监测点所处的地形有关。
2.3 希尔伯特-黄变换分析
对1#监测点记录的加速度时程数据进行EMD分解。EMD方法能从高频到低频提取出信号本身的IMF分量，并能从IMF分量中体现出地震加速度所记录的信息[11-12]。进行EMD分解后，通过希尔伯特-黄变换(HHT)，即可得到该地震信号的HHT时频谱，见图5。可以看出，HHT时频图能清晰地描述频率的分布范围和能量随时间与频率的动态变化，并且可以得到各个最大峰值对应的频率和发生的时间。1#监测点东西向、南北向和竖直向的频率都集中在5~15 Hz，其中南北向的最大幅值为498.3 cm/s2，对应的时间为18.43 s；2#监测点东西向、南北向和竖直向的频率集中在5~20 Hz，东西向最大幅值为70.39 cm/s2，对应的时间为14.17 s；3#监测点东西向、南北向和竖直向的频率集中在5~25 Hz，东西向最大幅值为6.80 cm/s2，对应的时间为14.89 s；8#监测点东西向、南北向和竖直向的频率集中在5~30 Hz，南北向的最大幅值为88.76 cm/s2，对应的时间为21.23 s；9#监测点东西向、南北向和竖直向的频率集中在5~30 Hz，东西向最大幅值为102.2 cm/s2，对应的时间为17.59 s。
分析可知，此次地震HHT幅值所呈现出来的能量范围主要集中在水平向，且水平向的地震动响应能量强于竖直向。1#监测点处的地震动响应能量最强烈，因为1#监测点所处的地形位于冷竹关右岸半岛状山梁顶部凸起处，地震波经过该地形地质体的改造和吸收，会发生汇聚作用[13]，导致地震动响应能量增大。左岸8#和9#监测点与2#监测点相比，竖直向地震动响应能量强烈，这是因为8#和9#监测点位于左岸顶部深厚覆盖层上，高位覆盖层的存在会增强地震动响应能量。
对HHT时频谱的能量在时间轴上进行积分，得到幅值-频率的关系分布的边际谱[11]，各监测点的HHT边际谱见图6。由图6可见，1#监测点边际谱幅值最大，且频率主要集中在10 Hz以内。其余各监测点频率分布在0~25 Hz范围内，具有多个波峰的特点。其中1#监测点3个方向的边际谱卓越频率分别为8.8 Hz、2.7 Hz、6.6 Hz；2#监测点分别为2.7 Hz、2.9 Hz、4.3 Hz；3#监测点分别为1.4 Hz、3.8 Hz、3.1 Hz；8#监测点的分别为3 Hz、11.3 Hz、14.5 Hz；9#监测点分别为3.2 Hz、2.2 Hz、16.8 Hz。
分析可知，此次地震动响应能量分布在频率较低的范围内。但监测点8#南北向和竖直向卓越频率达到11.3 Hz、14.5 Hz，9#南北向和竖直向卓越频率达到16.8 Hz，这是由于监测点8#、9#所在场地是覆盖层，当从震源处传至监测点的地震波停止振动时，地震波在覆盖层内进行多次反射和折射造成能量积累，监测点处的土体仍在进行振动，并且覆盖层土体在重力的作用下不断向下压实。
3 讨论
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以谷底3#监测点为参考点，其他各监测点相较于其的放大系数见表3。
1) 不同的坡形及特殊地形响应差异。根据康定MS6.3地震的地震动数据[14]，位于同一海拔高度的右岸半岛状1#监测点的PGA和Arias强度均大于左岸直线形斜坡5#监测点。因为1#监测点位于三面临空的半岛状山脊，会导致坡体在竖直向和水平向的刚度降低，在地震作用下，半岛山体的约束较直线形斜坡的小，说明凸出半岛状斜坡地形响应大于直线形斜坡地形响应。
以本文3#监测点为参考点，其余各监测点的放大系数均大于1.0，则说明在一定的斜坡高程范围内，斜坡地震动响应放大系数随着高程的增加而增大。1#监测点位于右岸半岛状凸出山脊顶部中，2#监测点在右岸山腰坡折处，2个监测点海拔相差38 m，而1#监测点的峰值加速度、Arias强度和时频谱幅值都比2#监测点大，这是由于特殊地形的放大效应所致。
2) 高位覆盖层的存在会增强地震动响应能量。根据康定MS6.3地震监测数据可知[14]，监测点2#、5#和6#的PGA和Arias强度都表现为2#>5#>6#，说明直线形斜坡地震动响应能量随高程的增加而减小，因此在海拔更高的冷竹关监测点8#、9#所得到的数据应该是衰减。根据均质边坡模型的振动台试验研究[15]可知，在一定范围内(临界高度约250 m)地震动响应能量随着高程的增加而增大；当超过临界高度时，其地震动响应能量会出现衰减。冷竹关8#、9#监测点的海拔分别为562.5 m、580.5 m，海拔高度远高于临界高度250 m，其地震动响应能量反而没有衰减，说明高位深厚覆盖层对地震动能量具有放大效应。
3) 覆盖层地震动响应能量与地震边坡破坏的关系。高位深厚覆盖层对地震动响应能量的放大效应表明，高位土质斜坡中上部更容易触发同震地质灾害。泸定MS6.8地震触发了大量地震滑坡，其中多数滑坡发生在斜坡中上部。图7为泸定MS6.8地震在摩岗岭地区触发的典型高位土质滑坡，验证了高位覆盖层的存在会增强地震动响应能量。
4) 地震滑坡成因机制。地震滑坡是指在高烈度区，由于地震作用，斜坡岩体或土体突然脱离滑源区瞬间失稳的地质现象，具有群发特征。对于高位的岩质斜坡，滑体脱离滑源区往往具有明显的抛射现象，抛射体着地后可以转化成碎屑流，沿着坡面或沟道可运动很远的距离，易阻塞河道，形成堰塞湖[16-17]。通过分析演化过程认为，摩岗岭滑坡成因机制为卸荷震动拉裂-剪断抛射堆积[17-18]。
4 结语
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1) 与3#监测点相比，其余各监测点的放大系数均大于1.0，表明在一定的斜坡高程范围内，斜坡地震动响应放大系数与斜坡高程呈正相关趋势。冷竹关沟右岸半岛状斜坡地形的放大效应比左岸直线形斜坡更加显著，地震动响应也更加强烈，表明地震发生时，斜坡坡折处、中上部、单薄山脊或突出山嘴处发生地质灾害的概率更大。
2) 通过与康定MS6.3地震获取的野外实测数据对比分析发现，监测点2#、5#和6#的PGA和Arias强度均表现为2#>5#>6#，说明直线形斜坡地震动响应能量随高程增加而减小，且右岸地震动响应能量强于左岸；而监测点2#、9#的PGA、Arias强度以及时频谱地震动响应能量都表现为9#>2#，表明高位覆盖层的存在会增强地震动响应。因此，发生地震时，高位覆盖层造成的地震动响应强烈，更容易诱发同震地质灾害，在未来的抗震设防中需要重点关注。
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金(41877235)
  • 国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1501000)
文献
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2025年第45卷第1期
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doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.03.100
  • 接收时间：2024-03-11
  • 首发时间：2026-10-30
  • 出版时间：2025-01-15
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  • 收稿日期：2024-03-11
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41877235)
国家自然科学基金(41877235)
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1501000)
国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1501000)
作者信息
    1 成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室, 成都市东三路1号, 610059

通讯作者:

王运生, 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为地质工程与地质灾害, E-mail:

WANG Yunsheng, PhD, professor, majors in geological engineering and geological hazards, E-mail:

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/CN/10.14075/j.jgg.2024.03.100
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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