Article(id=1322933545743819137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1322933542426116991, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14075/j.jgg.2024.02.083, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1709049600000, receivedDateStr=2024-02-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793341536220, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1736870400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793341536220, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793341536220, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793341536220, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322933542426116991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, year='2025', volume='45', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='110', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1736870400000', pubDateStr='2025-01-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793341535431, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793341535431, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=36, endPage=40, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322933546217775490, articleId=1322933545743819137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=EN, title=Research on Method for Improving Timing and Positioning Service Based on Satellite Timing Monitoring Data, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

By utilizing satellite time-monitoring data to mitigate the impact of satellite-side and transmission path errors in standard single-point positioning, the timing stability and positioning accuracy at the user end are improved. At the same time, the timing deviation of the user relative to the satellite navigation system is corrected to be relative to the national standard time. Taking GPS as an example for a short baseline experiment, the results show that in terms of timing, the mean timing deviation of the L1 frequency band was improved from -42.8 ns to 5.4 ns, and from -53.6 ns to 2.8 ns for the L2 frequency band; in terms of positioning, the mean positioning errors in the X, Y, and Z directions for the L1 frequency band were improved by more than 55%, and by more than 77% for the L2 frequency band. This proves that by using satellite time-monitoring data, users of the satellite navigation system can not only enhance the pseudo-code positioning accuracy to the sub-meter level but also obtain the deviation relative to the national standard time, achieving ns-level timekeeping of the national standard time.

, authors=Liying NIE1, 2, 3, Longxia XU1, 2, 3, *, Xiaohui LI1, 2, 3, authorsList=Liying NIE, Longxia XU, Xiaohui LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Longxia XU, authorNote=

NIE Liying, postgraduate, majors in applications of timing monitoring data, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved, without authorization, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322933549430612363, articleId=1322933545743819137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=CN, title=基于卫星授时监测数据改善定时及定位方法研究, columnId=1322506169105633839, journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, columnName=现代大地测量, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为使卫星授时监测数据更好地服务于用户, 研究使用其削弱标准单点定位中卫星端和传输路径误差的影响, 改善用户端定时稳定度与定位精度; 同时将用户相对于卫星导航系统时间的定时偏差改正到相对于国家标准时间。以GPS为例开展实验验证, 短基线实验结果表明, 定时方面, L1频段定时偏差的均值从-42.8 ns改善到5.4 ns, L2频段从-53.6 ns改善到2.8 ns; 定位方面, L1频段X、Y、Z三个方向定位误差的均值改善55%以上, L2频段改善77%以上。证明使用卫星授时监测数据, 卫星导航系统用户不仅可以将伪码定位精度提高至亚m级, 还可以获得相对于国家标准时间的偏差, 实现国家标准时间的ns级授时。

, authors=聂骊颖1, 2, 3, 许龙霞1, 2, 3, *, 李孝辉1, 2, 3, authorsList=聂骊颖, 许龙霞, 李孝辉, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=许龙霞, authorNote=

聂骊颖, 硕士生, 主要研究方向为授时监测数据应用, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=

许龙霞, 博士, 研究员, 主要研究方向为共视授时与接收机自主完好性监测, E-mail:

XU Longxia, PhD, researcher, majors in common-view timing and RAIM, E-mail:

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L2频段改正前后的定位误差, figureFileSmall=VpNrVVJMCHM1qtNya+Jy/Q==, figureFileBig=+46fG9Wze00yIR5mnz2pwQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322940307872031484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322933545743819137, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Settings of experiment condition

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卫星导航系统 GPS系统
定位模式 标准单点定位
频段 L1或L2
电离层模型 GPS Klobuchar模型
对流层模型 Saastamoinen模型
), ArticleFig(id=1322940308610228989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322933545743819137, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

实验条件设置

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卫星导航系统 GPS系统
定位模式 标准单点定位
频段 L1或L2
电离层模型 GPS Klobuchar模型
对流层模型 Saastamoinen模型
), ArticleFig(id=1322940309025465086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322933545743819137, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Statistics of timing offsets before and after correction in GPS L1 band

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
统计量 改正前/ns 改正后/ns 改善百分比/%
均值 -42.8 5.4 87
STD 2.5 1.4 44
RMS 42.8 5.6 87
), ArticleFig(id=1322940309151294207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322933545743819137, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

L1频段改正前后定时偏差统计

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统计量 改正前/ns 改正后/ns 改善百分比/%
均值 -42.8 5.4 87
STD 2.5 1.4 44
RMS 42.8 5.6 87
), ArticleFig(id=1322940309507810048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322933545743819137, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Statistics of timing offsets before and after correction in GPS L2 band

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统计量 改正前/ns 改正后/ns 改善百分比/%
均值 -53.6 2.8 95
STD 2.2 1.3 41
RMS 53.7 3.1 94
), ArticleFig(id=1322940309897880321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322933545743819137, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

L2频段改正前后定时偏差统计

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统计量 改正前/ns 改正后/ns 改善百分比/%
均值 -53.6 2.8 95
STD 2.2 1.3 41
RMS 53.7 3.1 94
), ArticleFig(id=1322940310329893634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322933545743819137, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Statistics of positioning error before and after correction in GPS L1 band

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统计量 改正前/m 改正后/m 改善百分比/%
均值X 0.67 0.14 79
Y -1.60 0.29 82
Z -0.51 0.23 55
STDX 0.62 0.32 48
Y 0.85 0.45 47
Z 0.23 0.20 13
RMSX 0.91 0.35 62
Y 1.81 0.53 71
Z 0.56 0.31 45
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L1频段改正前后定位误差统计

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统计量 改正前/m 改正后/m 改善百分比/%
均值X 0.67 0.14 79
Y -1.60 0.29 82
Z -0.51 0.23 55
STDX 0.62 0.32 48
Y 0.85 0.45 47
Z 0.23 0.20 13
RMSX 0.91 0.35 62
Y 1.81 0.53 71
Z 0.56 0.31 45
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Statistics of positioning error before and after correction in GPS L2 band

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统计量 改正前/m 改正后/m 改善百分比/%
均值X 1.11 0.03 97
Y -3.30 0.20 94
Z -1.15 0.26 77
STDX 0.59 0.22 63
Y 0.75 0.38 49
Z 0.52 0.33 37
RMSX 1.25 0.22 82
Y 3.39 0.43 87
Z 1.26 0.42 67
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L2频段改正前后定位误差统计

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统计量 改正前/m 改正后/m 改善百分比/%
均值X 1.11 0.03 97
Y -3.30 0.20 94
Z -1.15 0.26 77
STDX 0.59 0.22 63
Y 0.75 0.38 49
Z 0.52 0.33 37
RMSX 1.25 0.22 82
Y 3.39 0.43 87
Z 1.26 0.42 67
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基于卫星授时监测数据改善定时及定位方法研究
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聂骊颖 1, 2, 3 , 许龙霞 1, 2, 3, * , 李孝辉 1, 2, 3
大地测量与地球动力学 | 现代大地测量 2025,45(1): 36-40
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大地测量与地球动力学 |现代大地测量 2025 , 45 (1) : 36 -40
基于卫星授时监测数据改善定时及定位方法研究
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聂骊颖1, 2, 3 , 许龙霞1, 2, 3, * , 李孝辉1, 2, 3
作者信息
  • 1 中国科学院国家授时中心, 西安市书院东路3号, 710600
  • 2 中国科学院大学, 北京市玉泉路19号甲, 100049
  • 3 中国科学院时间基准及应用重点实验室, 西安市书院东路3号, 710600
通讯作者:

许龙霞, 博士, 研究员, 主要研究方向为共视授时与接收机自主完好性监测, E-mail:

XU Longxia, PhD, researcher, majors in common-view timing and RAIM, E-mail:

作者简介:

聂骊颖, 硕士生, 主要研究方向为授时监测数据应用, E-mail:

Research on Method for Improving Timing and Positioning Service Based on Satellite Timing Monitoring Data
Liying NIE1, 2, 3 , Longxia XU1, 2, 3, * , Xiaohui LI1, 2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1 National Time Service Center, CAS, 3 East-Shuyuan Road, Xi'an 710600, China
  • 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, A19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
  • 3 Key Laboratory of Time Reference and Applications, CAS, 3 East-Shuyuan Road, Xi'an 710600, China
  • NIE Liying, postgraduate, majors in applications of timing monitoring data, E-mail:

出版时间: 2025-01-15 doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.02.083
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为使卫星授时监测数据更好地服务于用户, 研究使用其削弱标准单点定位中卫星端和传输路径误差的影响, 改善用户端定时稳定度与定位精度; 同时将用户相对于卫星导航系统时间的定时偏差改正到相对于国家标准时间。以GPS为例开展实验验证, 短基线实验结果表明, 定时方面, L1频段定时偏差的均值从-42.8 ns改善到5.4 ns, L2频段从-53.6 ns改善到2.8 ns; 定位方面, L1频段X、Y、Z三个方向定位误差的均值改善55%以上, L2频段改善77%以上。证明使用卫星授时监测数据, 卫星导航系统用户不仅可以将伪码定位精度提高至亚m级, 还可以获得相对于国家标准时间的偏差, 实现国家标准时间的ns级授时。

授时监测  /  授时偏差  /  伪码  /  定时  /  定位

By utilizing satellite time-monitoring data to mitigate the impact of satellite-side and transmission path errors in standard single-point positioning, the timing stability and positioning accuracy at the user end are improved. At the same time, the timing deviation of the user relative to the satellite navigation system is corrected to be relative to the national standard time. Taking GPS as an example for a short baseline experiment, the results show that in terms of timing, the mean timing deviation of the L1 frequency band was improved from -42.8 ns to 5.4 ns, and from -53.6 ns to 2.8 ns for the L2 frequency band; in terms of positioning, the mean positioning errors in the X, Y, and Z directions for the L1 frequency band were improved by more than 55%, and by more than 77% for the L2 frequency band. This proves that by using satellite time-monitoring data, users of the satellite navigation system can not only enhance the pseudo-code positioning accuracy to the sub-meter level but also obtain the deviation relative to the national standard time, achieving ns-level timekeeping of the national standard time.

timing monitoring  /  timing offsets  /  pseudocode  /  timing  /  positioning
聂骊颖, 许龙霞, 李孝辉. 基于卫星授时监测数据改善定时及定位方法研究. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2025 , 45 (1) : 36 -40 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.02.083
Liying NIE, Longxia XU, Xiaohui LI. Research on Method for Improving Timing and Positioning Service Based on Satellite Timing Monitoring Data[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2025 , 45 (1) : 36 -40 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.02.083
全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)能为用户提供实时、高精度、全天候和全球性的三维定位、导航和授时(PNT)服务,被广泛应用于多个领域,因此,对GNSS卫星授时服务性能的监测至关重要。目前各国卫星授时监测系统已陆续建成,中科院国家授时中心建成的授时系统综合监测平台,具备对卫星授时、长短波授时以及网络授时等9种授时手段的监测能力,监测数据主要用于评估授时系统的服务性能,及时发现授时异常实现告警。结合授时系统综合监测平台累积的大量数据,基于国家数据局开展的“数据要素×”三年行动计划的背景,本文从定时、定位用户角度出发,研究卫星授时监测数据的使用方法,实现“监测数据×精密定时”,满足用户获取高精度时间与位置信息的需求。
目前卫星导航系统的单频用户在世界范围内通常可获得优于10 m(95%)的定位精度和20 ns(95%)的定时精度[1],但不能满足5G通信、深空探测等高精度应用需求。Dvorkin等[2]基于全球跟踪站网络优化模型,优化GLONASS授时服务;刘莹[3]基于北斗星座特征的差分授时方法,提高北斗系统的授时精度;陈亮等[4]基于BDS-3新频点的TGD参数改正,提升北斗系统授时精度。以上改善卫星导航系统授时精度的研究均是从精化卫星导航系统授时误差入手,当用户使用不同导航系统时,仍然无法获取统一的标准时间。
目前较多研究[5-8]或侧重提升定位精度,或侧重改善定时误差,二者无法同时实现,且定时的结果也无法与国家标准时间建立联系。
本文研究基于卫星授时监测数据将伪码单频用户的定时精度从数十ns量级提高至ns量级,同时改善定位精度的方法。使用该方法用户可以通过卫星导航系统获取ns级的国家标准时间UTC(NTSC)及亚m级的伪距定位结果。
卫星授时监测系统接收机以国家授时中心UTC(NTSC)1 PPS和10 MHz的标准时间频率信号作为参考,接收GNSS卫星导航信号,根据卫星信号的发射时间和信号到达接收机的时间计算出时差,结合电磁波传播速度得出接收机与卫星之间的距离(即伪距)。信号传播过程中受电离层、对流层折射等因素的影响,伪距观测方程可以表示为[9]:
$\rho=r+c *\left(\mathrm{~d} t_{\mathrm{r}}-\mathrm{d} t^{\mathrm{s}}\right)+I+T+\varepsilon$
式中,ρ为伪距;r为卫星与地面接收机之间距离的真值;c为光速;dtr为接收机钟差;dts为卫星钟差;I为电离层延迟;T为对流层延迟;ε为其余各项延迟之和。
从接收机产生的伪距观测值中扣除卫星到地面接收机的几何距离、电离层延迟、对流层延迟,及其余各项延迟之和,结合每颗星的卫星钟差,可以监测产生每颗卫星的导航系统时间GNSST与国家标准时间UTC(NTSC) 的时差tcorr:
$\begin{gathered}t_{\text {corr }}=\mathrm{UTC}(\mathrm{NTSC})-\mathrm{GNSST}= \\\mathrm{d} \hat{t}_{\mathrm{r}}=(\rho-\hat{r}-\hat{I}-\hat{T}) / c+\mathrm{d} \hat{t}^ \text s\end{gathered}$
式中,tcorr为监测得到的卫星授时偏差改正数;$\hat{r}$为计算出的卫星与地面接收机的几何距离;$\hat{I}$为电离层延迟的模型估计值;$\hat{T}$为对流层延迟模型估计值;$\mathrm{d} \hat{t}^{\mathrm{s}}$为卫星钟差的估计值;$\mathrm{d} \hat{t}_{\mathrm{r}}$为计算出的监测端接收机钟差值。电离层延迟采用广播星历GPS Klobuchar单频模型进行改正,对流层延迟采用Saastamoinen模型进行改正。
卫星授时偏差改正数tcorr受以下误差的影响:与卫星相关的误差,包括卫星星历误差和卫星星钟误差,卫星星历误差会影响卫星位置的计算进而影响卫星到地面接收机之间几何距离的计算;与信号传播相关的误差,包括电离层、对流层延迟误差,这些误差的存在会影响接收机定时和定位的精度[10]。
将式(1)中伪距观测量代入式(2),授时偏差改正数为:
$\begin{gathered}t_{\text {corr }}=\mathrm{d} \hat{t}_{\mathrm{r}}=[(r-\hat{r})+(I-\hat{I})+(T-\hat{T})] / c- \\\left(\mathrm{d} t^{\mathrm{s}}-\mathrm{d} \hat{t}^{\mathrm{s}}\right)+\mathrm{d} t_{\mathrm{r}}= \\(\delta r+\delta I+\delta T) / c-\delta \mathrm{d} t^{\mathrm{s}}+\mathrm{d} t_{\mathrm{r}}\end{gathered}$
令$r-\hat{r}=\delta r, I-\hat{I}=\delta I, T-\hat{T}=\delta T, \mathrm{~d} t^\text s-\mathrm{d} \hat{t}^\text s=\delta \mathrm{d} t^{\mathrm{\text s}}$,可知授时偏差改正数中包含真值同计算值与估计值之间的偏差。
当监测站和用户在一定的基线范围内时,卫星时钟、卫星星历、电离层和对流层误差具有空间相关性,监测站与用户距离越近,空间相关性越强。
用户端基于伪码观测量进行定位后的伪距残差v为:
$v=\rho_{\mathrm{u}}-\hat{r}_{\mathrm{u}}+\left(\mathrm{d} \hat{t}_{\mathrm{u}}^{\mathrm{s}}-\mathrm{d} \hat{\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{r}, \mathrm{u}}\right) * c-\hat{I}_{\mathrm{u}}-\hat{T}_{\mathrm{u}}$
式中,ρu为用户端的伪距的计算值;$\hat{r}_{\mathrm{u}}$为星地几何距离的计算值;$\mathrm{d} \hat{t}_{\mathrm{u}}^{\mathrm{s}}$和$\mathrm{d} \hat{t}_{\mathrm{r}, \mathrm{u}}$分别为卫星钟差和用户接收机钟差的计算值;$\hat{I}_\text u$和$\hat{T}_\text u$分别为电离层、对流层延迟的模型估计值。
同理,结合用户端的观测方程式(1)与式(4)可知,用户端伪距残差为:
$\begin{gathered}v=\left(r_{\mathrm{u}}-\hat{r}_{\mathrm{u}}\right)+\left(I_{\mathrm{u}}-\hat{I}_{\mathrm{u}}\right)+\left(T_{\mathrm{u}}-\hat{T}_{\mathrm{u}}\right)-\\c *\left(\mathrm{~d} t_{\mathrm{u}}^{\mathrm{s}}-\mathrm{d} \hat{t}_{\mathrm{u}}^{\mathrm{s}}\right)+c *\left(\mathrm{~d} t_{\mathrm{r}, \mathrm{u}}-\mathrm{d} \hat{t}_{\mathrm{r}, \mathrm{u}}\right)= \\\delta r_{\mathrm{u}}+\delta I_{\mathrm{u}}+\delta T_{\mathrm{u}}-c * \delta \mathrm{~d} t_{\mathrm{u}}^{\mathrm{s}}+c *\left(\mathrm{~d} t_{\mathrm{r}, \mathrm{u}}-\mathrm{d} \hat{t}_{\mathrm{r}, \mathrm{u}}\right)\end{gathered}$
即授时偏差监测数据使用前,用户端伪距残差中也包含计算值与真值之间的偏差δru、δIu、δTu、δdtsu。
在用户端使用监测数据tcorr改正后的伪距残差vtorr为:
$\begin{aligned}v_{\text {torr }}= & \left(\delta r_{\mathrm{u}}-\delta r\right)+\left(\delta I_{\mathrm{u}}-\delta I\right)+\left(\delta T_{\mathrm{u}}-\delta T\right)- \\& c *\left(\delta \mathrm{~d} t_{\mathrm{u}}^{\mathrm{s}}-\delta \mathrm{d} t^{\mathrm{s}}\right)+c^*\left(\mathrm{~d} t_{\mathrm{u}}^{\mathrm{r}}-\mathrm{d} \hat{t}_{\mathrm{r}}\right)\end{aligned}$
由式(6)可见,在使用授时偏差监测数据后,用户端伪距残差受各误差差分项的影响。短基线下监测站和用户端的误差具有空间相关性,此时δr≈δru,δI≈δIu,δT≈δTu,且同一颗卫星的卫星钟差δdts=δdtus。因此,在用户端使用授时偏差监测数据改正后,可以削弱用户端标准单点定位中卫星端和传输路径误差的影响,使得用户端伪距残差减小,提高定时和定位的精度。
在标准单点定位中,至少需要4颗可视卫星解算接收机的位置和接收机钟差,解算的接收机钟差含义为接收机本地时间与卫星导航系统时间GNSST的偏差。监测数据使用前用户端接收机钟差dtr, u为:
$\mathrm{d} t_{\mathrm{r}, \mathrm{u}}=T_{\mathrm{rev}}-\mathrm{GNSST}$
式中,Trev表示用户端接收机的本地时间。使用卫星监测数据改正后定位方程为:
$\rho=r+I+T-c * \mathrm{~d} t^s+c *\left(\mathrm{~d} t_{\mathrm{r}, \mathrm{u}}-\mathrm{d} \hat{t}_{\mathrm{r}}\right)$
因此监测数据使用后,结合式(8)和式(2)可知,接收机钟差的实际含义为接收机本地时间与国家标准时间的偏差:
$\begin{gathered}\text { bias }=\mathrm{d} t_{\mathrm{r}, \mathrm{u}}-\mathrm{d} \hat{t}_{\mathrm{r}}= \\T_{\mathrm{rev}}-\mathrm{GNSST}-(\mathrm{UTC}(\mathrm{NTSC})- \\\mathrm{GNSST})=T_{\mathrm{rev}}-\mathrm{UTC}(\mathrm{NTSC})\end{gathered}$
可见,使用监测数据前,用户接收机钟差dtr, u为用户接收机本地时间与卫星导航系统时间GNSST的时差,卫星授时偏差改正数tcorr是国家标准时间UTC(NTSC)与卫星导航系统时间GNSST的时差;使用监测数据后,用户解算出的钟差含义为用户接收机本地时间与国家标准时间UTC(NTSC)的时差,即用户相对于国家标准时间UTC(NTSC)的定时偏差,可以实现基于卫星导航系统的国家标准时间UTC(NTSC)授时。
本实验以授时系统综合监测平台产生的相对于国家标准时间UTC(NTSC)的卫星授时偏差数据作为改正数据源,位于西安的授时监测平台配备监测接收机,用于产生监测数据,在与其相距约100 m的位置放置一台GNSS接收机作为实验的用户端,在短基线条件下验证本文提出的授时监测数据使用方法对用户定时及定位的改善效果(表1)。
监测平台产生的监测数据支持以两种方式提供给用户:一种为数据文件,每小时生成一个数据文件,便于用户的事后分析处理;另一种为TCP/IP实时网络发送,数据频度为每秒一组,可以满足用户的实时应用。
实验过程中,基于监测平台生成的1 h卫星授时偏差的监测数据文件,根据监测数据使用方法,以每30 s为一个历元对用户接收机的观测伪距进行对应改正,验证监测数据使用后对用户定时、定位的改善效果。
实验分为两种情况:一是根据用户接收机的伪距等观测值直接进行标准单点定位和定时;二是用户使用授时偏差监测数据改正后再进行标准单点定位和定时,比较监测数据使用前后两次实验的定时和定位的结果。
为评价用户定时与定位结果,采用定时偏差的均值和均方根值(RMS)来衡量定时结果的准确度和精度,采用标准差(STD)来衡量定时稳定度。为分析使用卫星授时监测数据后对定位结果的改善情况,以精密单点定位的结果作为参考,将两次实验的定位结果分别与参考位置作差,统计定位误差的均值、STD和RMS,衡量定位精度。
GPS L1频段的定时偏差结果见图1,L2频段结果见图2。可以看出,在使用授时偏差监测数据改正后,定时偏差的绝对值明显减小,L1频段定时偏差的均值从-42.8 ns减小到5.4 ns,L2频段定时偏差均值从-53.6 ns降低到2.8 ns。使用卫星授时偏差监测数据改正后,用户定时偏差保持在10 ns以内,实现了UTC(NTSC)的ns级授时,改善了用户定时精度。
使用授时偏差监测数据改正前后L1和L2频段定时偏差的评价指标结果分别如表2、表3所示。
在定时结果方面,定时偏差的均值、STD、RMS值均显著降低。表2中L1频段定时偏差的均值和RMS改善87%,STD改善44%;表3中L2频段均值和RMS改善94%以上,STD改善41%。使用授时偏差监测数据改正后,用户定时的准确度、精度和稳定度均有显著提升。
GPS在L1和L2频段的定位效果分别如图3和图4所示。
由图3、4可见,使用授时偏差监测数据改正后,L1和L2频段定位误差的绝对值均在1 m以内。定位误差的评价指标统计结果如表4、5所示。
由表4、5可见,使用授时偏差监测数据改正后,定位误差的均值、STD以及RMS值均明显减小。L1频段X、Y、Z方向定位误差的均值分别改善79%、82%、55%,RMS分别改善62%、71%、45%;L2频段X、Y、Z定位误差的均值分别改善97%、94%、77%,RMS改善82%、87%、67%,表明使用卫星授时偏差数据可以显著改善用户定位准确度和精度。
基于授时系统综合监测平台发布的卫星授时监测数据,对卫星导航系统用户接收机的定时偏差进行修正,不但可以使用户获得高精度的国家标准时间UTC(NTSC),统一不同卫星导航系统的授时参考,还可以把卫星导航系统的授时精度从数十ns量级提高到ns量级,同时改善卫星导航的定位性能。研究结果表明:
1) 定时结果方面,L1频段定时精度提升87%,稳定度提升44%;L2频段定时精度提升94%以上,稳定度提升41%。
2) 定位结果方面,L1频段X、Y、Z三个方向的定位的准确度平均改善72%,精度平均改善59%;L2频段的定位准确度平均改善89%,精度平均改善79%。使用授时偏差监测数据改正后,用户伪码定位的结果与参考真实位置更加接近,定位误差绝对值减小至1 m以内,用户可以实现基于伪码观测的亚m级定位。
  • 国家自然科学基金(12073033)
  • 中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养计划(XAB2020YN07)
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2025年第45卷第1期
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doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.02.083
  • 接收时间:2024-02-28
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-01-15
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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-28
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(12073033)
国家自然科学基金(12073033)
The "Western Light" Talent Cultivation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XAB2020YN07)
中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养计划(XAB2020YN07)
作者信息
    1 中国科学院国家授时中心, 西安市书院东路3号, 710600
    2 中国科学院大学, 北京市玉泉路19号甲, 100049
    3 中国科学院时间基准及应用重点实验室, 西安市书院东路3号, 710600

通讯作者:

许龙霞, 博士, 研究员, 主要研究方向为共视授时与接收机自主完好性监测, E-mail:

XU Longxia, PhD, researcher, majors in common-view timing and RAIM, E-mail:

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
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小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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