Article(id=1322506678667432687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1322506501562937604, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14075/j.jgg.2025.05.176, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1747843200000, receivedDateStr=2025-05-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793239763180, onlineDateStr=2026-10-29, pubDate=1765728000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793239763180, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793239763180, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793239763180, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322506501562937604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, year='2025', volume='45', issue='12', pageStart='1211', pageEnd='1316', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1765728000000', pubDateStr='2025-12-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793239720954, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793239720954, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1266, endPage=1271, 1303, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322506679837643505, articleId=1322506678667432687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=EN, title=Coseismic Deformation and Fault Slip Distribution of the 2025 Dingri MS6.8 Earthquake, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Using Sentinel-1A data, this study employed D-InSAR technology to obtain the line-of-sight (LOS) co-seismic deformation field of the MS6.8 earthquake in Dingri, Xizang, on January 7, 2025. The geometric parameters of the seismogenic fault were derived through a Bayesian approach. Fault slip distribution was inverted using the SDM, and co-seismic Coulomb stress changes were calculated. The inversion results indicate that the seismogenic fault has a strike of 187.34°, a dip angle of 56.40°, with an epicenter located at 87.50°E and 28.64°N, at a depth of 6.81 km. The maximum slip in the co-seismic slip distribution is 4.24 m, with an average rake angle of-58.82°, suggesting that the earthquake was predominantly a normal faulting event with a minor component of left-lateral strike-slip. The inverted moment magnitude is MW7.0, and the seismogenic fault is preliminarily identified as the Dengmo Co fault. Additionally, regions along the Zanda-Lhazê-Qiongduojiang fault, Darjeeling-Ngamring-Rinbung fault, and parts of the south xizang detachment system fault, as well as the southern sections of the Xainza-Dingjie fault and Dengmo Co fault, exhibit Coulomb stress increases exceeding 0.1 bar, indicating that these areas warrant greater attention for future seismic hazards.

, authors=Chengtao LI1, 2, 3, Qi LI1, 2, 3, Xue LI1, 2, 3, *, Kai TAN1, 2, 3, Xiaofei LU1, 2, 3, authorsList=Chengtao LI, Qi LI, Xue LI, Kai TAN, Xiaofei LU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Xue LI, authorNote=

LI Chengtao, assistant researcher, majors in InSAR and GPS data processing and crustal deformation, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322506684233274116, articleId=1322506678667432687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=CN, title=2025年定日MS6.8地震同震形变与断层滑动分布, columnId=1322506193558422163, journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, columnName=地震地质, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

利用Sentinel-1A数据,使用D-InSAR技术获取2025-01-07西藏定日MS6.8地震视线向(LOS)同震形变场,通过贝叶斯方法获得发震断层几何参数,利用SDM反演断层滑动分布,并计算同震库仑应力变化。反演结果显示,发震断层走向187.34°,倾角56.40°,震中位置为87.50°E、28.64°N,对应深度为6.81 km。同震滑动分布最大滑动量为4.24 m,平均滑动角为-58.82°,表明本次地震以正断为主,兼具少量左旋走滑性质,反演得到的矩震级为MW7.0,初步认为发震断层为登么错断裂。另外,札达-拉孜-邛多江断裂、达吉岭-昂仁-仁布断裂、藏南拆离系断裂所在的部分区域及申扎-定结断裂和登么错断裂的南端区域,库仑应力增加量都超过0.1 bar,未来地震危险性值得更多的关注。

, authors=李承涛1, 2, 3, 李琦1, 2, 3, 李雪1, 2, 3, *, 谭凯1, 2, 3, 鲁小飞1, 2, 3, authorsList=李承涛, 李琦, 李雪, 谭凯, 鲁小飞, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=李雪, authorNote=

李承涛,助理研究员,主要从事InSAR与GPS数据处理及地壳形变研究,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=

李雪,副研究员,主要从事大地测量与地球动力学研究,E-mail:

LI Xue,associate researcher, majors in geodesy and geodynamics, E-mail:

, copyrightStatement=版权所有,未经授权,不得转载。, copyrightOwner=大地测量与地球动力学编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=pUht0PtyeKNisWv3298+Pw==, magXml=vRgRap3YAL66HGsisoEcew==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=FQoCCLu1Zgd2S9cEOCvP1g==, pdfFileSize=9024559, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=aP+84FiOTNN0f18HqMW9rA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=kfPosWilp54IciF5e4Nj3w==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322506686355591952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=lict@cgps.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506686464643860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, authorId=1322506686355591952, language=EN, stringName=Chengtao LI, firstName=Chengtao, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, address=1 Institute of Seismology, CEA, 40 Hongshance Road, Wuhan 430071, China
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LI Chengtao, assistant researcher, majors in InSAR and GPS data processing and crustal deformation, E-mail:

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LI Chengtao, assistant researcher, majors in InSAR and GPS data processing and crustal deformation, E-mail:

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李承涛,助理研究员,主要从事InSAR与GPS数据处理及地壳形变研究,E-mail:

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红色矩形表示T121降轨, 蓝色矩形表示T012升轨, 青色线条表示断层。STDS: 藏南拆离系断裂; XDF: 申扎-定结断裂; YGF: 亚东-谷露断裂; YZRF: 雅鲁藏布江断裂: TYXF: 当惹雍错-许如错断裂: MBT: 喜马拉雅主边界断裂; ZLQF: 札达-拉孜-邛多江断裂: DNRF: 达吉岭-昂仁-仁布断裂: F1:登么错断裂

, figureFileSmall=1jj4IRXknPxEpfd2mEyIzQ==, figureFileBig=aP+84FiOTNN0f18HqMW9rA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506691392951106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Coseismic deformation field in the LOS direction of Dingri earthquake, figureFileSmall=XV5GotiFDeveT6iuPM2J0w==, figureFileBig=QmNhMNmEh24v4n306sVKyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506691485225795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=CN, label=图2, caption=定日地震LOS向同震形变场, figureFileSmall=XV5GotiFDeveT6iuPM2J0w==, figureFileBig=QmNhMNmEh24v4n306sVKyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506691560723268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=1D and 2D PDF of the uniform slip model for Dingri earthquake, figureFileSmall=9jHhQO5LKLyLo/oiZPzaEg==, figureFileBig=uUd+/PIWQUo0+D1xeQ9Jwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506691636220741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=CN, label=图3, caption=定日地震均匀滑动模型的1D和2D后验概率密度函数分布

直方图中红色虚线和2D相关图中的红色区域中心点表示最佳参数

, figureFileSmall=9jHhQO5LKLyLo/oiZPzaEg==, figureFileBig=uUd+/PIWQUo0+D1xeQ9Jwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506691766244166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=The LOS deformation residuals of uniform slip model for Dingri earthquake, figureFileSmall=CEvd6IKOHiEaUeWTg6ZKPg==, figureFileBig=+zu2BHGdp1rQPAUYcfxb8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506691837547335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=CN, label=图4, caption=定日地震均匀滑动模型LOS向形变残差

黑色矩形表示断层面, 黑色实线表示断层上边界

, figureFileSmall=CEvd6IKOHiEaUeWTg6ZKPg==, figureFileBig=+zu2BHGdp1rQPAUYcfxb8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506691904656200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Coseismic slip distribution of Dringri earthquake, figureFileSmall=SlWHaEaf7mGCMWG3PgrWbw==, figureFileBig=HRULAZSBFs0DLLAa12xVDg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506692009513801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=CN, label=图5, caption=定日地震同震滑动分布, figureFileSmall=SlWHaEaf7mGCMWG3PgrWbw==, figureFileBig=HRULAZSBFs0DLLAa12xVDg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506692068234058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=The LOS deformation residuals of fault slip distribution model, figureFileSmall=fqDmZhdvP/+Zlf44OTQnYA==, figureFileBig=kGB1cG33osa3wTA5WI5ziw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506692131148619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=CN, label=图6, caption=断层滑动分布模型的LOS向形变残差, figureFileSmall=fqDmZhdvP/+Zlf44OTQnYA==, figureFileBig=kGB1cG33osa3wTA5WI5ziw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506692231811917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=The surface rupture zone and the coseismic slip distribution of the 2025 Dingri earthquake, figureFileSmall=n2Mb+JRLLLXEBdepaDn+/A==, figureFileBig=LG4wbIaOdTBOCdJw0Ga2gg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506692319892302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=CN, label=图7, caption=2025年定日地震地表破裂带与同震滑动分布, figureFileSmall=n2Mb+JRLLLXEBdepaDn+/A==, figureFileBig=LG4wbIaOdTBOCdJw0Ga2gg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506692387001167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=The coseismic Coulomb failure stress changes of the 2025 Dingri earthquake, figureFileSmall=ZNwZjAmexpiOIZ+1XFJ5yw==, figureFileBig=JR+JiYKl4UN5+vDADBDA0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506692449915728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=CN, label=图8, caption=2025年定日地震同震库仑破裂应力变化

白线表示发震断层地表迹线, 绿线表示0.1 bar等值线, 灰线表示断层, 黑点表示余震

, figureFileSmall=ZNwZjAmexpiOIZ+1XFJ5yw==, figureFileBig=JR+JiYKl4UN5+vDADBDA0Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506692525413201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Sentinel-1A data used in this paper

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
卫星类型 轨道号 主影像 辅影像 时间基线/d 极化方向 轨道方向
Sentinel-1A T012 2025-01-01 2025-01-13 12 VV 升轨
Sentinel-1A T121 2025-01-05 2025-01-17 12 VV 降轨
), ArticleFig(id=1322506692600910674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

本文采用的Sentinel-1A数据

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
卫星类型 轨道号 主影像 辅影像 时间基线/d 极化方向 轨道方向
Sentinel-1A T012 2025-01-01 2025-01-13 12 VV 升轨
Sentinel-1A T121 2025-01-05 2025-01-17 12 VV 降轨
), ArticleFig(id=1322506692672213843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Source parameters of the 2025 Dingri earthquake

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
来源 震中位置/(°) 走向/(°) 倾角/(°) 滑动角/(°) 深度/km 震级MW
经度 纬度
CENC 87.45 28.50 181 51 -81 10 7.1
GCMT 87.47 28.56 173 48 -92 12 7.1
USGS 87.378 28.604 187 49 -78 11.5 7.05
文献[6] 87.49 28.76 189.33 52.8 -95.75 7.9 7.17
文献[8] - - 185.03 60 -76.81 - 7.0
文献[16] - - 184 55 -67.75 - 7.06
文献[18] 87.48 28.62 189.2 40.6 -82.81 5.0 7.1
本文 87.50 28.64 187.34 56.40 -58.82 6.81 7.0
), ArticleFig(id=1322506692751905620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506678667432687, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2025年定日地震震源参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
来源 震中位置/(°) 走向/(°) 倾角/(°) 滑动角/(°) 深度/km 震级MW
经度 纬度
CENC 87.45 28.50 181 51 -81 10 7.1
GCMT 87.47 28.56 173 48 -92 12 7.1
USGS 87.378 28.604 187 49 -78 11.5 7.05
文献[6] 87.49 28.76 189.33 52.8 -95.75 7.9 7.17
文献[8] - - 185.03 60 -76.81 - 7.0
文献[16] - - 184 55 -67.75 - 7.06
文献[18] 87.48 28.62 189.2 40.6 -82.81 5.0 7.1
本文 87.50 28.64 187.34 56.40 -58.82 6.81 7.0
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2025年定日MS6.8地震同震形变与断层滑动分布
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李承涛 1, 2, 3 , 李琦 1, 2, 3 , 李雪 1, 2, 3, * , 谭凯 1, 2, 3 , 鲁小飞 1, 2, 3
大地测量与地球动力学 | 地震地质 2025,45(12): 1266-1271, 1303
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大地测量与地球动力学 |地震地质 2025 , 45 (12) : 1266 -1271, 1303
2025年定日MS6.8地震同震形变与断层滑动分布
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2 Key Laboratory of Earthquake Geodesy, CEA, 40 Hongshance Road, Wuhan 430071, China
3 Hubei Earthquake Agency, 48 Hongshance Road, Wuhan 430071, China, bio={"content":"

LI Chengtao, assistant researcher, majors in InSAR and GPS data processing and crustal deformation, E-mail:

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LI Chengtao, assistant researcher, majors in InSAR and GPS data processing and crustal deformation, E-mail:

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2 中国地震局地震大地测量重点实验室, 武汉市洪山侧路40号, 430071
3 湖北省地震局, 武汉市洪山侧路48号, 430071, bio={"content":"

李承涛,助理研究员,主要从事InSAR与GPS数据处理及地壳形变研究,E-mail:

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李承涛1, 2, 3 , 李琦1, 2, 3, 李雪1, 2, 3, * , 谭凯1, 2, 3, 鲁小飞1, 2, 3
作者信息
  • 1 中国地震局地震研究所, 武汉市洪山侧路40号, 430071
  • 2 中国地震局地震大地测量重点实验室, 武汉市洪山侧路40号, 430071
  • 3 湖北省地震局, 武汉市洪山侧路48号, 430071
通讯作者:

李雪,副研究员,主要从事大地测量与地球动力学研究,E-mail:

LI Xue,associate researcher, majors in geodesy and geodynamics, E-mail:

作者简介:

李承涛,助理研究员,主要从事InSAR与GPS数据处理及地壳形变研究,E-mail:

Coseismic Deformation and Fault Slip Distribution of the 2025 Dingri MS6.8 Earthquake
Chengtao LI1, 2, 3 , Qi LI1, 2, 3, Xue LI1, 2, 3, * , Kai TAN1, 2, 3, Xiaofei LU1, 2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1 Institute of Seismology, CEA, 40 Hongshance Road, Wuhan 430071, China
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Earthquake Geodesy, CEA, 40 Hongshance Road, Wuhan 430071, China
  • 3 Hubei Earthquake Agency, 48 Hongshance Road, Wuhan 430071, China
  • LI Chengtao, assistant researcher, majors in InSAR and GPS data processing and crustal deformation, E-mail:

出版时间: 2025-12-15 doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2025.05.176
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利用Sentinel-1A数据,使用D-InSAR技术获取2025-01-07西藏定日MS6.8地震视线向(LOS)同震形变场,通过贝叶斯方法获得发震断层几何参数,利用SDM反演断层滑动分布,并计算同震库仑应力变化。反演结果显示,发震断层走向187.34°,倾角56.40°,震中位置为87.50°E、28.64°N,对应深度为6.81 km。同震滑动分布最大滑动量为4.24 m,平均滑动角为-58.82°,表明本次地震以正断为主,兼具少量左旋走滑性质,反演得到的矩震级为MW7.0,初步认为发震断层为登么错断裂。另外,札达-拉孜-邛多江断裂、达吉岭-昂仁-仁布断裂、藏南拆离系断裂所在的部分区域及申扎-定结断裂和登么错断裂的南端区域,库仑应力增加量都超过0.1 bar,未来地震危险性值得更多的关注。

定日地震  /  同震形变场  /  断层滑动分布  /  D-InSAR  /  库仑应力变化

Using Sentinel-1A data, this study employed D-InSAR technology to obtain the line-of-sight (LOS) co-seismic deformation field of the MS6.8 earthquake in Dingri, Xizang, on January 7, 2025. The geometric parameters of the seismogenic fault were derived through a Bayesian approach. Fault slip distribution was inverted using the SDM, and co-seismic Coulomb stress changes were calculated. The inversion results indicate that the seismogenic fault has a strike of 187.34°, a dip angle of 56.40°, with an epicenter located at 87.50°E and 28.64°N, at a depth of 6.81 km. The maximum slip in the co-seismic slip distribution is 4.24 m, with an average rake angle of-58.82°, suggesting that the earthquake was predominantly a normal faulting event with a minor component of left-lateral strike-slip. The inverted moment magnitude is MW7.0, and the seismogenic fault is preliminarily identified as the Dengmo Co fault. Additionally, regions along the Zanda-Lhazê-Qiongduojiang fault, Darjeeling-Ngamring-Rinbung fault, and parts of the south xizang detachment system fault, as well as the southern sections of the Xainza-Dingjie fault and Dengmo Co fault, exhibit Coulomb stress increases exceeding 0.1 bar, indicating that these areas warrant greater attention for future seismic hazards.

Dingri earthquake  /  coseismic deformation field  /  fault slip distribution  /  D-InSAR  /  Coulomb stress changes
李承涛, 李琦, 李雪, 谭凯, 鲁小飞. 2025年定日MS6.8地震同震形变与断层滑动分布. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2025 , 45 (12) : 1266 -1271, 1303 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2025.05.176
Chengtao LI, Qi LI, Xue LI, Kai TAN, Xiaofei LU. Coseismic Deformation and Fault Slip Distribution of the 2025 Dingri MS6.8 Earthquake[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2025 , 45 (12) : 1266 -1271, 1303 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2025.05.176
据中国地震台网中心(CENC)测定,北京时间2025-01-07 09:05西藏日喀则市定日县(87.45°E,28.50°N)发生MS6.8地震。地震震中位于青藏高原南部,属喜马拉雅构造带北缘,受印度-欧亚板块碰撞影响,地壳缩短增厚,形成拉萨地块与周边断裂带的复杂构造格局。震中附近发育有多条近SN向地堑盆地带,以正断性质为主,地震发生在申扎-定结断裂西侧附近[1-2],该断裂在2015年尼泊尔MW7.9地震之后一直较为活跃,有研究认为2020年定日MW5.7地震的发生与之有关[3]。1979年以来,研究区共发生42次MW≥5.0地震(GCMT),以正断特征为主。近年来,除2015年尼泊尔MW7.9地震,该区域发生的最大地震就是本次MS6.8地震(图 1)。地质考察结果显示,本次地震同震地表破裂主要位于登么错盆地以北的山区,不连续同震地表破裂带和形变带超过20 km[4-5]。
地震发生后,众多科研人员利用大地测量手段进行了快速响应,为分析此次地震提供了重要参考。李雨森等[6]利用D-InSAR技术获取地震同震形变场,滑动分布反演显示,发震断层以正断性质为主,兼有少量走滑性质。王楠等[7]利用卫星数据反演得出断层位错量达6 m,矩震级达到MW7.1,基于反演断层滑动模型模拟地震烈度,结果显示,此次地震最大烈度可达Ⅸ度。张旭等[8]利用Sentinel-1A数据进行反演,结果表明,发震断层走向近NS,断层倾角约60°,平均滑动角约-76.81°,是一次以正断破裂为主,兼少量左旋走滑性质的事件,反演矩震级为MW7.0。
本文通过D-InSAR技术处理Sentinel-1A数据,获取2025年定日MS6.8地震LOS向同震形变场,利用贝叶斯方法反演获得发震断层参数,并以此为基础反演同震滑动分布,计算同震库仑应力变化,为了解定日MS6.8地震发震构造提供参考,研究结果有利于评估该区域地震危险性。
本文采用欧空局(ESA)提供的Sentinel-1A干涉宽幅数据,具体信息见表 1,利用ISCE软件进行D-InSAR处理[9]。具体技术处理环节中,距离向和方位向的多视比为5:1;基于精密轨道文件和SRTM数字高程模型[10],分别对轨道误差和地形影响进行校正;为提高信噪比,采用Goldstein方法[11]进行滤波,采用SNAPHU软件[12]进行相位解缠;经过地理编码,对失相干和相干性较低的区域进行掩膜处理,最终获取2025年定日地震LOS向同震形变场。图 2显示形变场整体呈NS向,T012升轨LOS向形变量在-0.75~0.32 m之间,T121降轨LOS向形变量在-0.76~0.80 m之间。
为反演得到发震断层相关的9个参数,采用贝叶斯方法(BM)进行反演[3, 13-14],获得的模型称为均匀滑动模型。该方法在不同阶段通过重采样,可将大量的样本重新聚焦到高可能性区域,有助于避免算法陷入局部极小值,且大幅提高反演运行效率。通过四叉树算法来实现LOS同震形变场的降采样操作[15],其中T012轨道保留451个数据点,T121轨道保留440个数据点。为进一步提高反演效率,同时基于5个CPU并行处理,共迭代1.0×106次。基于断层几何参数1D和2D的后验概率密度函数(PDF),可表征断层参数的离散水平(图 3)。最大后验解(MAP)即为最佳断层参数,断层长度、宽度分别为32.35 km和16.41 km;参考GCMT提供的震中位置(87.47°E,28.56°N),断层上边界中心点的东偏移量、北偏移量分别为8.79 km和20.70 km,转化为WGS坐标系下为87.56° E、28.75° N,对应深度为0.15 km;断层走向、倾角、滑动角分别为187.34°、56.40°、-59.86°,走向、倾角的反演结果与张旭等[8]和杨建文等[16]的结果相近,反演得到的平均滑动量为1.90 m。
基于均匀滑动模型得到的LOS向形变残差分布见图 4,红色五角星为CENC确定的震中位置。整体来看,升、降轨的LOS向形变残差大部分介于-0.2~0.2 m之间,T012升轨数据的LOS向形变残差的RMS为0.11 m,T121降轨数据的为0.12 m。较小的反演残差表明,断层几何参数具备较高的合理性。
在已反演断层模型的前提下,将该断层分解为若干个子断层,求解每个子断层所对应的滑动状况分布。采用Crust1.0分层地壳模型计算格林函数,并借助最速下降法(SDM)来寻找观测值拟合度和同震滑动分布粗糙度之间的最佳平衡解[17]:
$\min \left(\|(G \boldsymbol{s}-\boldsymbol{d})\|^2+\alpha^2\|L \boldsymbol{s}\|^2\right)$
式中,G为格林函数;d为观测值;α为平滑因子;L为二阶拉普拉斯平滑算子;s为子断层对应的滑动量。
在反演断层滑动分布之前,参考均匀滑动模型得到的结果,对断层参数进行定义:走向设为187.34°,倾角设为56.40°,对断层的长宽进行延展,设置长度为66 km,宽度为20 km,各子断层大小为1 km×1 km[18]。反演定日地震滑动分布所采用的数据与§2.1一致。平滑因子通过折中曲线获取,搜索范围为0~0.45,设置步长0.05,迭代10次获取最优平滑因子。
图 5为定日地震同震滑动分布,通过迭代计算,最优平滑因子取0.15。反演结果显示,存在2个主要破裂区,最大破裂区位于沿断层走向的右侧,最大滑动量约为4.24 m,主要破裂区集中在5.15~9.31 km深度处。反演出的震中位置为87.50°E、28.64°N,对应深度为6.81 km。本文反演的震中位置与Yu等[18]的结果相近,平均滑动角为-58.82°,显示同震破裂在整体上以正断特征为主,同时还伴随着少量左旋走滑特性。地震破裂至地表,破裂长度超过20 km。假定地壳的剪切模量取值为30 GPa,则本次地震释放的地震矩约为3.94×1019 Nm,矩震级为MW7.0,与张旭等[8]的结果一致,略小于GCMT和USGS的结果。不同机构提供的震源参数见表 2。
图 6为同震滑动分布模型残差分布,矩形为断层的位置,红色五角星为反演得到的震中。整体来看,升、降轨残差较小,升、降轨残差RMS分别为0.07 m和0.08 m,说明滑动分布较为可靠。
2025年定日MS6.8地震震中邻近申扎-定结裂谷断裂,该区域近年来地震活动频繁,先后发生2015年定日5.9级、2016年定结5.3级和2020年定日5.9级等多次中强地震事件[3]。地质考察显示,此次地震发生在申扎-定结裂谷系南段,其发震断裂为登么错断裂,并形成约26 km的地震地表破裂带和形变带[5]。登么错断裂28 ka以来的垂直滑动速率为0.7±0.1 mm/a,全新世以来的垂直滑动速率为0.6±0.1 mm/a[19]。地震发生前,该断裂已积累了最大为3.0~3.5 m的同震位移,相关参数与此次地震基本一致。
石峰等[4]通过野外调查得出,同震地表破裂带具有明显的分段特征,自南向北可分为3段,依次为古荣-强嘎段、尼辖错段和羊姆丁错段。结合图 7同震滑动分布,从空间位置来看,同震地表破裂带(蓝线)与发震断层地表迹线(黑线)有着良好的对应关系。从地表位错量级来看,古荣-强嘎段的地表破裂全长约为5 km,中间约2 km未发现地表破裂,整体位移量不大,最大位移量为0.5~0.7 m,破裂向南减弱,同震滑动分布在该区域的最大滑动量约为0.8 m,且滑动量沿着断层走向递减。地表破裂带位错量最大的区域发生在尼辖错段,全长约为6 km,最大垂直位移达2.5~3.0 m,同震滑动分布在该区域的最大滑动量约为2.6 m,两者在量级上具有较好的一致性。羊姆丁错段的地表破裂长度约为3 km,位移量为0.5~0.8 m,同震滑动分布在该区域的滑动量约为1.0~1.5 m。整体来看,2025年定日地震地表破裂带与同震滑动分布之间有着良好的对应关系,同时也说明本文反演的发震断层参数和同震滑动分布具有较高的可信度。
GPS计算的面应变率场显示该区域一直受到拉张膨胀作用[20]。为评估本次地震给定日地区造成的影响,并探讨未来可能存在的地震风险,设摩擦系数为0.4[21],接收断层采用本文反演结果(走向187.34°、倾角56.40°、滑动角-58.82°)。依据SDM反演得到的同震滑动分布模型,并结合Crust1.0分层的弹性半空间模型,运用PSGRN/PSCMP软件分别对深度5 km、10 km、15 km、20 km处的库仑破裂应力变化(ΔCFS)进行计算[22],结果见图 8。可以看出,NS向库仑应力明显增强(>0.1 bar),EW向两侧的库仑应力明显降低,图中黑点表示余震精定位数据[23],与15 km和20 km的同震库仑应力增加区域有着较好的对应。
具体来看,在深度5 km、10 km、15 km、20 km处,札达-拉孜-邛多江断裂(ZLQF)、达吉岭-昂仁-仁布断裂(DNRF)及藏南拆离系断裂(STDS)的部分区域库仑应力增加量都大于0.1 bar。假设这3个断层进入应力高度聚集的状态,且应力值接近临界阈值,那么这些区域在未来发生地震的风险将会显著上升。申扎-定结断裂(XDF)和登么错断裂(F1)的南端区域库仑应力增加量也大于0.1 bar;在深度10 km和15 km处,雅鲁藏布江断裂(YZRF)的部分区域库仑应力增加量大于0.1 bar,这些断层的潜在地震危险性值得关注;当惹雍错-许如错断裂(TYXF)所在区域库仑应力减少,潜在地震危险性相对较低。
1) 定日地震T012升轨、T121降轨的LOS形变场整体呈NS走向,T012升轨LOS向形变量在-0.75~0.32 m之间,T121降轨LOS向形变量在-0.76~0.80 m之间。
2) 利用BM反演得到的发震断层走向为187.34°,倾角为56.40°。利用SDM反演得到的断层滑动分布显示,平均滑动角为-58.82°,这意味着同震破裂主要表现为正断特征,并伴有少量左旋走滑特性。通过反演得到的震中位置为87.50°E、28.64°N,对应的深度为6.81 km,最大滑动量约为4.24 m。假设地壳的剪切模量为30 GPa,计算得出的矩震级为MW7.0。本文同震滑动分布模型与地震考察结果具有较好的一致性,证明反演确定的发震断层参数和同震滑动分布具有较高的可靠性。
3) 札达-拉孜-邛多江断裂、达吉岭-昂仁-仁布断裂、藏南拆离系断裂的部分区域及申扎-定结断裂和登么错断裂的南端区域,库仑应力增加量都大于0.1 bar,潜在地震危险性值得关注。
  • 中国地震局地震研究所和应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院基本科研业务费(IS202436359)
  • 湖北省自然科学基金(2025AFB703)
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2025年第45卷第12期
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doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2025.05.176
  • 接收时间:2025-05-22
  • 首发时间:2026-10-29
  • 出版时间:2025-12-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-22
基金
Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Seismology, CEA and National Institute of Natural Hazards, MEM(IS202436359)
中国地震局地震研究所和应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院基本科研业务费(IS202436359)
Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2025AFB703)
湖北省自然科学基金(2025AFB703)
作者信息
    1 中国地震局地震研究所, 武汉市洪山侧路40号, 430071
    2 中国地震局地震大地测量重点实验室, 武汉市洪山侧路40号, 430071
    3 湖北省地震局, 武汉市洪山侧路48号, 430071

通讯作者:

李雪,副研究员,主要从事大地测量与地球动力学研究,E-mail:

LI Xue,associate researcher, majors in geodesy and geodynamics, E-mail:

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/CN/10.14075/j.jgg.2025.05.176
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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