Article(id=1281933885747466925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1281909275651969257, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14075/j.jgg.2025.08.271, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1754323200000, receivedDateStr=2025-08-05, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1783566455541, onlineDateStr=2026-07-09, pubDate=1781452800000, pubDateStr=2026-06-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1783566455541, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1783566455541, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1783566455541, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1281909275651969257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, year='2026', volume='46', issue='6', pageStart='662', pageEnd='789', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1781452800000', pubDateStr='2026-06-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1783560588038, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1783566454347, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1281933881221812905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1281909275651969257, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1281933881221812906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1281909275651969257, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=765, endPage=773, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1281933887987225263, articleId=1281933885747466925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=EN, title=GNSS-IR for Monitoring Absolute Sea Level Changes in Near-Coastal Areas, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
This study proposed a novel monitoring scheme that integrates GNSS interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR) with GNSS positioning for monitoring coastal absolute sea level changes. Using over 10 years of observational data from seven coastal stations in Hong Kong as an example, research on absolute sea level change monitoring in nearshore areas was conducted. The results indicated that after excluding the stations HKSL and KYC1, which had lower data quality, the GNSS-IR-derived relative sea level changes from the remaining stations showed good agreement with tide gauge data in their monthly averages. For most stations, the RMSE was less than 6 cm, the correlation coefficient was greater than 0.86, and the difference in estimated sea level rise trends was less than 1 mm/a compared to tide gauges (with a regional average difference of only 0.036 mm/a). In absolute sea level monitoring, after applying the dynamic atmospheric correction (DAC), the difference in regional average rates between coastal GNSS and satellite altimetry at corresponding points was reduced from -3.40 mm/a to -0.76 mm/a, indicating highly consistent trends. Compared with 50-year long-term absolute sea level data from Hong Kong tide gauges, the deviations were mostly less than 1 mm/a, and all stations fell within reasonable error margins for regional absolute sea level monitoring. The research demonstrates that the fusion of GNSS-IR and GNSS positioning can effectively address traditional monitoring gaps, providing a scalable new technical approach for monitoring coastal sea level changes and conducting risk assessments.
, authors=Pan LIU
1, Shuangcheng ZHANG
1, *, Hengli WANG
1, Bo JIANG
1, Huilin WU
2, Yongjun XIN
1, Peiyuan WANG
3, authorsList=Pan LIU, Shuangcheng ZHANG, Hengli WANG, Bo JIANG, Huilin WU, Yongjun XIN, Peiyuan WANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Shuangcheng ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=
All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1281933914696553162, articleId=1281933885747466925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=CN, title=GNSS-IR用于近海岸绝对海平面变化监测研究, columnId=1281933726917570915, journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, columnName=特色栏目:地震大地测量学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
采用融合GNSS干涉反射测量(GNSS-IR)与GNSS定位的新型监测方案, 以香港7个岸基站10 a以上观测数据为例, 开展近海岸绝对海平面变化监测研究。结果显示, 剔除精度较低的HKSL和KYC1站点后, 在其余站点每月平均相对海平面监测中, GNSS-IR结果与验潮站数据一致性良好, 多数站点RMSE小于6 cm, 相关系数大于0.86, 海平面上升趋势与验潮站差异小于1 mm/a(区域平均仅0.036 mm/a); 在绝对海平面监测中, 引入动态大气校正(dynamic atmospheric correction, DAC)后, 岸基GNSS与卫星测高相应点区域平均速率差异由-3.40 mm/a缩小至-0.76 mm/a, 趋势高度一致; 与香港验潮站50 a长时序绝对海平面数据对比, 偏差多数小于1 mm/a, 且各站均处于区域绝对海平面监测的合理误差范围内。研究表明, GNSS-IR与GNSS定位融合可有效弥补传统监测盲区, 为沿海海平面变化监测与风险评估提供可推广的新技术路径。
, authors=刘攀
1, 张双成
1, *, 王恒利
1, 江波
1, 武慧琳
2, 辛勇军
1, 王培源
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版权所有,未经授权,不得转载。, copyrightOwner=大地测量与地球动力学编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=mG9vy4PkuiNWZWEi5f5Sow==, magXml=SZ2w6wDAPEALmqbGbyl1Qg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=Ih0pgJh9uYEn3ykMGtvkJg==, pdfFileSize=3641929, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=oZQEBKmusHdG+RwVL3Qksw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=k+TtjFjsYkTGZ+QJJP8f/Q==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1281933918970548950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=2024126024@chd.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1281933919666803416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, authorId=1281933918970548950, language=EN, stringName=Pan LIU, firstName=Pan, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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刘攀, 硕士生, 主要研究方向为GNSS反射测量与应用, E-mail: 2024126024@chd.edu.cn
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刘攀, 硕士生, 主要研究方向为GNSS反射测量与应用, E-mail: 2024126024@chd.edu.cn
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45 (7): 1065- 1072, articleTitle=中国香港验潮站1962-2017年水位相对变化分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1281933999387939654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=45, issue=7, pageStart=1065, pageEnd=1072, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=28, authorNames=Liu Ju, Bao Jingyang, Xu Jun, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=
Liu Ju ,
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et al. Analysis of Relative Water Level Variations in Hong Kong, China from 1962 to 2017[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,
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45 (7): 1065- 1072, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1281933977233625895, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, awardId=42474028, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(42474028), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1281933977657250600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, awardId=42074041, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(42074041), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1281933917137638091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281933917154415308, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, companyId=1281933917137638091, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Geological Engineering and Surveying, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281933917196358349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, companyId=1281933917137638091, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 长安大学地质工程与测绘学院, 西安, 710054)]), AuthorCompany(id=1281933917699674831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281933917716452048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, companyId=1281933917699674831, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Institute of Surveying and Mapping Standardization, MNR, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281933917921972945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, companyId=1281933917699674831, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 自然资源部测绘标准化研究所, 西安, 710054)]), AuthorCompany(id=1281933918437872338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281933918458843859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, companyId=1281933918437872338, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 National Time Service Centre, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1281933918521758420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, companyId=1281933918437872338, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 中国科学院国家授时中心, 西安市, 710600)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1281933951715480328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=
Schematic diagram of absolute sea level height inversion based on GNSS-IR, figureFileSmall=ZoGh1CqjAHyLrvpKLdasig==, figureFileBig=oZQEBKmusHdG+RwVL3Qksw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933953250595593, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
基于GNSS-IR的绝对海平面高度反演示意图, figureFileSmall=ZoGh1CqjAHyLrvpKLdasig==, figureFileBig=oZQEBKmusHdG+RwVL3Qksw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933954894762762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=
Distribution of shore-based GNSS stations and tide gauge stations, figureFileSmall=ydBuJUQ3T3vtszV1hRJr8g==, figureFileBig=j9dmIiDWnRoAnHUKfHTg6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933955360330508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
岸基GNSS站和验潮站分布, figureFileSmall=ydBuJUQ3T3vtszV1hRJr8g==, figureFileBig=j9dmIiDWnRoAnHUKfHTg6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933955838481165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=
GNSS SNR data duration, figureFileSmall=WbiflxZBRI3uVsZ7pkY+Kg==, figureFileBig=53dsLeinD1BjYMa1+kJu4w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933957889495822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
GNSS SNR数据时长, figureFileSmall=WbiflxZBRI3uVsZ7pkY+Kg==, figureFileBig=53dsLeinD1BjYMa1+kJu4w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933958464115471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
Technology roadmap, figureFileSmall=Jb4YVvnK1KhjvuEiT2O35g==, figureFileBig=UDK54aQI/5EURqvufAZpcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933958782882576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
技术路线图, figureFileSmall=Jb4YVvnK1KhjvuEiT2O35g==, figureFileBig=UDK54aQI/5EURqvufAZpcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933959273616145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=
Environment of each site and the first Fresnel zone, figureFileSmall=V2rNEGtq0qzY0uNwirSTmw==, figureFileBig=z+GjbBRUbB3l0A86gaT0Kw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933959953093394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
各站点环境和第一菲涅尔区, figureFileSmall=V2rNEGtq0qzY0uNwirSTmw==, figureFileBig=z+GjbBRUbB3l0A86gaT0Kw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933960510935827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=
Daily comparison of relative sea level time series between HKQT station and tide gauge station, figureFileSmall=DtozCG6kPuSJYu0QYerPIg==, figureFileBig=61RBPXBhICG2/bBPsqq6eA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933962406761236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
HKQT站与验潮站每日相对海平面时间序列对比, figureFileSmall=DtozCG6kPuSJYu0QYerPIg==, figureFileBig=61RBPXBhICG2/bBPsqq6eA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933962985575189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=
Monthly comparison of relative sea level time series between HKQT station and tide gauge station, figureFileSmall=seYC9NSdpCInZ2XGnugWdw==, figureFileBig=bE8tHfFzEnu2TbV/FT3NmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933963644080918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
HKQT站与验潮站每月相对海平面时间序列对比, figureFileSmall=seYC9NSdpCInZ2XGnugWdw==, figureFileBig=bE8tHfFzEnu2TbV/FT3NmQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933964310975255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=
Scatter plots of daily and monthly relative sea level between the HKQT station and the tide gauge station, figureFileSmall=7Jt+Glzb4PYTspKuD0l+Xw==, figureFileBig=pt7s/gORPRNciu1rJjUK7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933964742988568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
HKQT站与验潮站每日和每月相对海平面一致性散点图 黑色点线代表直线y=x,下同
, figureFileSmall=7Jt+Glzb4PYTspKuD0l+Xw==, figureFileBig=pt7s/gORPRNciu1rJjUK7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933966680757017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=
HKQT station geoid height, DAC time series analysis and comparison with satellite-measured absolute sea level, figureFileSmall=+QX84+u6eqX+3wVzyuDV9w==, figureFileBig=aBjYuVFwugMkFsZNRdawUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933967431537434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
HKQT站大地高、DAC时间序列分析及与卫星测高的绝对海平面对比, figureFileSmall=+QX84+u6eqX+3wVzyuDV9w==, figureFileBig=aBjYuVFwugMkFsZNRdawUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933968278786843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=
Consistency scatter plots of monthly absolute sea level between the HKQT station and satellite altimetry before and after DAC correction, figureFileSmall=+NNeVGFzx9qD+Mtt0TLbng==, figureFileBig=NdUgroWPh/SXfjho1J7g1g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933968933098268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
HKQT站DAC改正前后与卫星测高每月绝对海平面一致性散点图, figureFileSmall=+NNeVGFzx9qD+Mtt0TLbng==, figureFileBig=NdUgroWPh/SXfjho1J7g1g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1281933969641935645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=
GNSS-IR observation site scenario parameters
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| GNSS站 | 反射高度/m | 高度角范围/(°) | 方位角范围/(°) |
| HKLM | 11 | 1~7 | 190~250 |
| HKPC | 20 | 4~8 | 190~310 |
| HKQT | 7 | 4~9 | 0~105, 300~360 |
| HKSL | 98 | 4~8 | 170~260 |
| HKSS | 40 | 5~15 | 0~120 |
| HKWS | 65 | 5~12 | 0~150 |
| KYC1 | 119 | 5~12 | 0~360 |
), ArticleFig(id=1281933971047027486, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
GNSS-IR观测站点场景参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| GNSS站 | 反射高度/m | 高度角范围/(°) | 方位角范围/(°) |
| HKLM | 11 | 1~7 | 190~250 |
| HKPC | 20 | 4~8 | 190~310 |
| HKQT | 7 | 4~9 | 0~105, 300~360 |
| HKSL | 98 | 4~8 | 170~260 |
| HKSS | 40 | 5~15 | 0~120 |
| HKWS | 65 | 5~12 | 0~150 |
| KYC1 | 119 | 5~12 | 0~360 |
), ArticleFig(id=1281933971705533215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=
RMSE and correlation coefficients for HKQT station and various tide gauge stations
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| GNSS站 | 验潮站 | 距离 | 每日平均 | | 每月平均 |
| RMSE/cm | 相关系数 | RMSE/cm | 相关系数 |
| HKQT | 鲗鱼涌 | 并址 | 5.4 | 0.94 | | 3.0 | 0.97 |
| 大埔滘 | 17.1 km | 6.1 | 0.93 | 3.6 | 0.96 |
| 尖鼻咀 | 22.8 km | 7.9 | 0.86 | 4.7 | 0.90 |
), ArticleFig(id=1281933972158518048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
HKQT站与各验潮站RMSE和相关系数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| GNSS站 | 验潮站 | 距离 | 每日平均 | | 每月平均 |
| RMSE/cm | 相关系数 | RMSE/cm | 相关系数 |
| HKQT | 鲗鱼涌 | 并址 | 5.4 | 0.94 | | 3.0 | 0.97 |
| 大埔滘 | 17.1 km | 6.1 | 0.93 | 3.6 | 0.96 |
| 尖鼻咀 | 22.8 km | 7.9 | 0.86 | 4.7 | 0.90 |
), ArticleFig(id=1281933972598919969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=
Accuracy of daily and monthly relative sea level inversion at each GNSS station
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| GNSS站 | 验潮站 | 每日平均 | | 每月平均 |
| RMSE/cm | 相关系数 | RMSE/cm | 相关系数 |
| HKLM | 鲗鱼涌 | 10.2 | 0.78 | | 7.8 | 0.76 |
| HKPC | 鲗鱼涌 | 8.2 | 0.86 | 5.8 | 0.86 |
| HKQT | 鲗鱼涌 | 5.4 | 0.94 | 3.0 | 0.97 |
| HKSL | 尖鼻咀 | 22.8 | 0.36 | 18.9 | 0.30 |
| HKSS | 大埔滘 | 8.6 | 0.86 | 5.7 | 0.88 |
| HKWS | 大埔滘 | 13.3 | 0.69 | 10.7 | 0.63 |
| KYC1 | 鲗鱼涌 | 17.6 | 0.39 | 14.6 | 0.28 |
), ArticleFig(id=1281933973043516194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
各GNSS站每日和每月相对海平面反演精度
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| GNSS站 | 验潮站 | 每日平均 | | 每月平均 |
| RMSE/cm | 相关系数 | RMSE/cm | 相关系数 |
| HKLM | 鲗鱼涌 | 10.2 | 0.78 | | 7.8 | 0.76 |
| HKPC | 鲗鱼涌 | 8.2 | 0.86 | 5.8 | 0.86 |
| HKQT | 鲗鱼涌 | 5.4 | 0.94 | 3.0 | 0.97 |
| HKSL | 尖鼻咀 | 22.8 | 0.36 | 18.9 | 0.30 |
| HKSS | 大埔滘 | 8.6 | 0.86 | 5.7 | 0.88 |
| HKWS | 大埔滘 | 13.3 | 0.69 | 10.7 | 0.63 |
| KYC1 | 鲗鱼涌 | 17.6 | 0.39 | 14.6 | 0.28 |
), ArticleFig(id=1281933973546832675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=
Comparison of relative sea level change rates between shore-based GNSS stations and tide gauge stations
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| GNSS站 | 时间范围 | GNSS站相对海平面变化速率/mm·a-1 | 验潮站相对海平面变化速率/mm·a-1 | GNSS站与验潮站相对海平面变化速率差值/mm·a-1 |
| HKLM | 2016—2024年 | -1.03±4.10 | -0.84±2.70 | -0.19 |
| HKPC | 2014—2024年 | -0.26±2.63 | 0.63±1.97 | -0.89 |
| HKQT | 2009—2024年 | 1.32±2.09 | 0.37±1.21 | 0.95 |
| HKSL | 2013—2024年 | -4.85±7.80 | 8.88±3.00 | -13.73 |
| HKSS | 2013—2024年 | 0.71±2.64 | -0.21±2.06 | 0.92 |
| HKWS | 2013—2024年 | -0.82±3.43 | -0.21±2.06 | -0.61 |
| KYC1 | 2017—2024年 | -1.95±5.60 | 0.06±3.32 | -2.01 |
), ArticleFig(id=1281933974201144100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
岸基GNSS站与验潮站相对海平面变化速率的比较
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| GNSS站 | 时间范围 | GNSS站相对海平面变化速率/mm·a-1 | 验潮站相对海平面变化速率/mm·a-1 | GNSS站与验潮站相对海平面变化速率差值/mm·a-1 |
| HKLM | 2016—2024年 | -1.03±4.10 | -0.84±2.70 | -0.19 |
| HKPC | 2014—2024年 | -0.26±2.63 | 0.63±1.97 | -0.89 |
| HKQT | 2009—2024年 | 1.32±2.09 | 0.37±1.21 | 0.95 |
| HKSL | 2013—2024年 | -4.85±7.80 | 8.88±3.00 | -13.73 |
| HKSS | 2013—2024年 | 0.71±2.64 | -0.21±2.06 | 0.92 |
| HKWS | 2013—2024年 | -0.82±3.43 | -0.21±2.06 | -0.61 |
| KYC1 | 2017—2024年 | -1.95±5.60 | 0.06±3.32 | -2.01 |
), ArticleFig(id=1281933975820145445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=EN, label=Tab. 5, caption=
Comparison of the correlation between shore-based GNSS stations and satellite altimetry and the absolute sea level change rate
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 站名 | 大气校正前 | | 大气校正后 | 卫星测高年平均海平面变化速率/mm·a-1 |
| RMSE/cm | 相关系数 | 绝对年平均海平面变化速率/mm·a-1 | RMSE/cm | 相关系数 | 绝对年平均海平面变化速率/mm·a-1 |
| HKLM | 11.6 | 0.44 | 1.65±4.25 | | 9.5 | 0.69 | 6.13±3.80 | 4.05±2.13 |
| HKPC | 11.3 | 0.54 | 0.37±2.87 | 8.8 | 0.74 | 2.36±2.77 | 5.19±1.67 |
| HKQT | 7.4 | 0.83 | 1.36±2.62 | 6.1 | 0.90 | 3.32±3.06 | 4.94±1.07 |
| HKSL | 26.0 | -0.21 | -3.31±8.15 | 20.9 | -0.02 | 1.98±5.74 | 5.39±1.57 |
| HKSS | 11.1 | 0.57 | 2.67±2.99 | 8.2 | 0.79 | 4.99±2.94 | 4.57±1.43 |
| HKWS | 15.2 | 0.27 | 0.25±3.39 | 11.3 | 0.60 | 2.71±2.99 | 4.56±1.47 |
| KYC1 | 19.2 | -0.20 | 2.55±5.21 | 14.5 | 0.09 | 9.60±4.06 | -0.50±2.46 |
), ArticleFig(id=1281933976302490406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1281933885747466925, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
岸基GNSS站与卫星测高的相关性及绝对海平面变化速率的比较
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 站名 | 大气校正前 | | 大气校正后 | 卫星测高年平均海平面变化速率/mm·a-1 |
| RMSE/cm | 相关系数 | 绝对年平均海平面变化速率/mm·a-1 | RMSE/cm | 相关系数 | 绝对年平均海平面变化速率/mm·a-1 |
| HKLM | 11.6 | 0.44 | 1.65±4.25 | | 9.5 | 0.69 | 6.13±3.80 | 4.05±2.13 |
| HKPC | 11.3 | 0.54 | 0.37±2.87 | 8.8 | 0.74 | 2.36±2.77 | 5.19±1.67 |
| HKQT | 7.4 | 0.83 | 1.36±2.62 | 6.1 | 0.90 | 3.32±3.06 | 4.94±1.07 |
| HKSL | 26.0 | -0.21 | -3.31±8.15 | 20.9 | -0.02 | 1.98±5.74 | 5.39±1.57 |
| HKSS | 11.1 | 0.57 | 2.67±2.99 | 8.2 | 0.79 | 4.99±2.94 | 4.57±1.43 |
| HKWS | 15.2 | 0.27 | 0.25±3.39 | 11.3 | 0.60 | 2.71±2.99 | 4.56±1.47 |
| KYC1 | 19.2 | -0.20 | 2.55±5.21 | 14.5 | 0.09 | 9.60±4.06 | -0.50±2.46 |
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