Article(id=1322506169072075279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1322506166672937516, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.081, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1741795200000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793239641683, onlineDateStr=2026-10-29, pubDate=1755187200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793239641683, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793239641683, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793239641683, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322506166672937516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, year='2025', volume='45', issue='8', pageStart='771', pageEnd='880', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1755187200000', pubDateStr='2025-08-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793239641110, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793239641110, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=796, endPage=805, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322506169269207568, articleId=1322506169072075279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=EN, title=Positioning Performance Analysis for High-Precision Control Surveying of BDS-3/BDS-2 and BDS-3+BDS-2, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

By establishing a BDS transmission reference control surveying model, the paper compares and analyzes the high-precision control surveying positioning performance differences between BDS-3/BDS-2 and BDS-3+BDS-2. Nine first-order control points of a project in Beijing and three IGS tracking stations in China and its surrounding areas were selected to establish a high-precision control surveying positioning network that supports both GPS and BDS-3/BDS-2 signals. Continuous observation data from three time periods(days 153-155 of 2023) were selected, and four schemes were designed for data processing. The positioning performance was compared and analyzed from two aspects: the transmission results of the initial reference and the adjustment results of control surveying. The results show that compared with GPS, BDS-3 and BDS-3+BDS-2 have only millimeter-level differences in N, E, U, horizontal, and point directions, while BDS-2 has differences ranging from millimeters to centimeters in the U and point directions, and only millimeter-level differences in the N, E, and horizontal directions. The measurement accuracy of BDS-3 is basically equivalent to that of BDS-3+BDS-2, while BDS-2 has lower accuracy than the other two, especially in the U direction.

, authors=Mingduan ZHOU1, Qiao SONG1, Yansong BAI1, Qinglong MENG2, Shun WU3, Minghua LIU2, Chi ZHANG4, authorsList=Mingduan ZHOU, Qiao SONG, Yansong BAI, Qinglong MENG, Shun WU, Minghua LIU, Chi ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

ZHOU Mingduan, PhD, associate professor, majors in satellite navigation and LiDAR technology, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322506170678493719, articleId=1322506169072075279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=CN, title=BDS-3/BDS-2及BDS-3+BDS-2高精度控制测量定位性能分析, columnId=1322506169105633839, journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, columnName=现代大地测量, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

建立BDS传递起算基准控制测量模型,比较分析BDS-3/BDS-2和BDS-3+BDS-2高精度控制测量定位性能差异。选择北京某工程9个首级控制点和中国及周边3个IGS跟踪站建立一种同时支持GPS与BDS-3/BDS-2信号的高精度控制测量定位网,选取2023年doy153-155连续观测的3个时段数据,设计4种方案进行数据处理,从起算基准传递结果和控制测量平差结果2个方面作定位性能比较分析。结果表明,相比于GPS,BDS-3和BDS-3+BDS-2在N向、E向、U向、平面和点位上较差均仅存在mm级的差异,而BDS-2在U向和点位上较差存在mm至cm级差异,在N向、E向及平面上存在mm级差异; BDS-3测量精度与BDS-3+BDS-2基本相当,BDS-2测量精度稍差,特别是在U向。

, authors=周命端1, 宋峤1, 白岩松1, 孟庆龙2, 吴舜3, 刘明华2, 张驰4, authorsList=周命端, 宋峤, 白岩松, 孟庆龙, 吴舜, 刘明华, 张驰, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

周命端,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为卫星定位与激光雷达技术,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有,未经授权,不得转载。, copyrightOwner=大地测量与地球动力学编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=jg6kkU+pUOuThiIYbO404A==, magXml=xEXOoPeHYzXsYOL0IyyNHQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=xf62dzvgLPKiHCIyTEUzGA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=gsJhW7fjAjC+LNSzBi9I1A==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322506171311833637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=mdzhou@bucea.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506171395719719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506171311833637, language=EN, stringName=Mingduan ZHOU, firstName=Mingduan, middleName=null, lastName=ZHOU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China, bio={"content":"

ZHOU Mingduan, PhD, associate professor, majors in satellite navigation and LiDAR technology, E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

ZHOU Mingduan, PhD, associate professor, majors in satellite navigation and LiDAR technology, E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506171483800104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506171311833637, language=CN, stringName=周命端, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616, bio={"content":"

周命端,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为卫星定位与激光雷达技术,E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

周命端,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为卫星定位与激光雷达技术,E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506170930151960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170946929177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170963706394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616)])]), Author(id=1322506171735458346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506173278962220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506171735458346, language=EN, stringName=Qiao SONG, firstName=Qiao, middleName=null, lastName=SONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506173396402733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506171735458346, language=CN, stringName=宋峤, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506170930151960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170946929177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170963706394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616)])]), Author(id=1322506173480288815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506173593535025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506173480288815, language=EN, stringName=Yansong BAI, firstName=Yansong, middleName=null, lastName=BAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506173664838194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506173480288815, language=CN, stringName=白岩松, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506170930151960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170946929177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170963706394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616)])]), Author(id=1322506173870359092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506173962633783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506173870359092, language=EN, stringName=Qinglong MENG, firstName=Qinglong, middleName=null, lastName=MENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 Beijing Municipal Construction Group Co Ltd, 17 South-Lishi Road, Beijing 100089, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506174252040760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506173870359092, language=CN, stringName=孟庆龙, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司,北京市南礼士路17号,100089, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506171030815259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171043398172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171030815259, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Beijing Municipal Construction Group Co Ltd, 17 South-Lishi Road, Beijing 100089, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171051786781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171030815259, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司,北京市南礼士路17号,100089)])]), Author(id=1322506174323343930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506174516281916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506174323343930, language=EN, stringName=Shun WU, firstName=Shun, middleName=null, lastName=WU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co Ltd, 32 Zaolinqian Street, Beijing 100053, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506174679859773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506174323343930, language=CN, stringName=吴舜, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 国网冀北电力有限公司,北京市枣林前街32号,100053, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506171131478558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171139867167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171131478558, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co Ltd, 32 Zaolinqian Street, Beijing 100053, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171152450080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171131478558, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 国网冀北电力有限公司,北京市枣林前街32号,100053)])]), Author(id=1322506174772134463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506174851826241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506174772134463, language=EN, stringName=Minghua LIU, firstName=Minghua, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 Beijing Municipal Construction Group Co Ltd, 17 South-Lishi Road, Beijing 100089, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506175128650306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506174772134463, language=CN, stringName=刘明华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司,北京市南礼士路17号,100089, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506171030815259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171043398172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171030815259, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Beijing Municipal Construction Group Co Ltd, 17 South-Lishi Road, Beijing 100089, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171051786781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171030815259, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司,北京市南礼士路17号,100089)])]), Author(id=1322506175254479428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506175623578182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506175254479428, language=EN, stringName=Chi ZHANG, firstName=Chi, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4 Highway Asset Management Branch, Beijing Capital Highway Development Group Co Ltd, Tianjiafu Service Area of Jingha Expressway, Beijing 101149, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506175711658567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506175254479428, language=CN, stringName=张驰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4 北京市首都公路发展集团有限公司公路资产管理分公司,北京市京哈高速田家府服务区,101149, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506171223753249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171232141858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171223753249, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4 Highway Asset Management Branch, Beijing Capital Highway Development Group Co Ltd, Tianjiafu Service Area of Jingha Expressway, Beijing 101149, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171244724771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171223753249, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4 北京市首都公路发展集团有限公司公路资产管理分公司,北京市京哈高速田家府服务区,101149)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1322506175963316808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=BDS), Keyword(id=1322506176030425673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=baseline processing), Keyword(id=1322506176105923146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=network adjustment), Keyword(id=1322506177787839051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=starting datum transfer), Keyword(id=1322506177909473868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=control surveying accuracy), Keyword(id=1322506178010137165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=BDS), Keyword(id=1322506178102411854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=基线处理), Keyword(id=1322506178182103631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=网平差), Keyword(id=1322506178236629584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=起算基准传递), Keyword(id=1322506178291155537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=控制测量精度)], refs=[Reference(id=1322506183068467822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=王坚, journalName=卫星定位原理与应用, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王坚. 卫星定位原理与应用[M]. 北京: 测绘出版社, 2023, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506183143965295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=1, authorNames=Wang Jian, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Wang Jian . Principles and Applications of Satellite Positioning[M]. Beijing: Surveying and Mapping Publishing House, 2023, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506183219462768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=44, issue=9, pageStart=1, pageEnd=6, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=2, authorNames=李森, 周命端, 陈积旭, journalName=测绘科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李森, 周命端, 陈积旭. 北斗数据工程控制网应用实验及精度分析[J]. 测绘科学, 2019, 44 (9): 1- 6, articleTitle=北斗数据工程控制网应用实验及精度分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506183332708977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=44, issue=9, pageStart=1, pageEnd=6, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=3, authorNames=Li Sen, Zhou Mingduan, Chen Jixu, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Li Sen , Zhou Mingduan , Chen Jixu . Application Experiments and Accuracy Analysis of Beidou Data Engineering Control Network[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2019, 44 (9): 1- 6, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506183483703922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王世君. 单BDS在复杂山区超长铁路隧道控制网测量中的数据质量及精度分析[J/OL]. 铁道标准设计, https://doi.org/10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202409090006, 2025-03-10, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506183555007091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Shijun. Data Quality and Accuracy Analysis of Single BDS in Control Network Measurement of Ultra-Long Railway Tunnel in Complex Mountainous Areas[J/OL]. Railway Standard Design, https://doi.org/10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202409090006, 2025-03-10, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506183643087476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1672-5867.2024.04.022, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=47, issue=4, pageStart=77, pageEnd=80, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=6, authorNames=马森, 胡琦琦, journalName=测绘与空间地理信息, refType=null, unstructuredReference=马森, 胡琦琦. 北斗系统在工程控制网中的应用实验与精度分析[J]. 测绘与空间地理信息, 2024, 47 (4): 77- 80, articleTitle=北斗系统在工程控制网中的应用实验与精度分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506183735362165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1672-5867.2024.04.022, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=47, issue=4, pageStart=77, pageEnd=80, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=7, authorNames=Ma Sen, Hu Qiqi, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Ma Sen , Hu Qiqi . Application Experiment and Accuracy Analysis of Beidou System in Engineering Control Network[J]. Geomatics and Spatial Information Technology, 2024, 47 (4): 77- 80, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506183898940022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=60, pageEnd=65, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=8, authorNames=周命端, 白岩松, 姬旭, journalName=测绘通报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周命端, 白岩松, 姬旭, 等. BDS-3+BDS-2双频数据高精度工程测量网应用试验及分析[J]. 测绘通报, 2024 (5): 60- 65, articleTitle=BDS-3+BDS-2双频数据高精度工程测量网应用试验及分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506183991214711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=60, pageEnd=65, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=9, authorNames=Zhou Mingduan, Bai Yansong, Ji Xu, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Zhou Mingduan , Bai Yansong , Ji Xu , et al. Application Experiment and Analysis of High-Precision Engineering Surveying Network for BDS-3+BDS-2 Dual-Frequency Data[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2024 (5): 60- 65, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506184070906488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=48, issue=8, pageStart=34, pageEnd=41, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=10, authorNames=王春杨, 田时雨, 秘金钟, journalName=测绘科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王春杨, 田时雨, 秘金钟, 等. GPS/BDS-3基线解算中海潮模型的影响分析[J]. 测绘科学, 2023, 48 (8): 34- 41, articleTitle=GPS/BDS-3基线解算中海潮模型的影响分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506184326759033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=48, issue=8, pageStart=34, pageEnd=41, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=11, authorNames=Wang Chunyang, Tian Shiyu, Bei Jinzhong, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Wang Chunyang , Tian Shiyu , Bei Jinzhong , et al. Influence Analysis of Tide Model in GPS/BDS-3 Baseline Calculation[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2023, 48 (8): 34- 41, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506184389673594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1671-3044.2006.06.006, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=26, issue=6, pageStart=22, pageEnd=24, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=12, authorNames=谢劭峰, 王新桥, journalName=海洋测绘, refType=null, unstructuredReference=谢劭峰, 王新桥. 起算点精度对GPS基线解算质量的影响[J]. 海洋测绘, 2006, 26 (6): 22- 24, articleTitle=起算点精度对GPS基线解算质量的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506184528085627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1671-3044.2006.06.006, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=26, issue=6, pageStart=22, pageEnd=24, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=13, authorNames=Xie Shaofeng, Wang Xinqiao, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Xie Shaofeng , Wang Xinqiao . The Influence of the Starting Point's Precision on the Resolving Quality of GPS Baseline[J]. Hydrographic Surveying and Charting, 2006, 26 (6): 22- 24, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506184750383740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=34, issue=增2, pageStart=33, pageEnd=34, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=14, authorNames=梁洪宝, 吴向阳, journalName=测绘科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=梁洪宝, 吴向阳. 起算点坐标偏差对GPS基线解的影响分析研究[J]. 测绘科学, 2009, 34 (增2): 33- 34, articleTitle=起算点坐标偏差对GPS基线解的影响分析研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506184825881213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=34, issue=S2, pageStart=33, pageEnd=34, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=15, authorNames=Liang Hongbao, Wu Xiangyang, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Liang Hongbao , Wu Xiangyang . Analysis and Research on the Influence of Coordinate Deviation of Starting Point on GPS Baseline Solution[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2009, 34 (S2): 33- 34, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506184943321726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=49, issue=6, pageStart=19, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=16, authorNames=周命端, 白岩松, 徐翔, journalName=测绘科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周命端, 白岩松, 徐翔, 等. BDS-3/BDS-2及BDS-3+BDS-2中长基线控制测量定位性能分析[J]. 测绘科学, 2024, 49 (6): 19- 28, articleTitle=BDS-3/BDS-2及BDS-3+BDS-2中长基线控制测量定位性能分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506186847535743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=49, issue=6, pageStart=19, pageEnd=28, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=17, authorNames=Zhou Mingduan, Bai Yansong, Xu Xiang, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Zhou Mingduan , Bai Yansong , Xu Xiang , et al. Positioning Performance Analysis for Medium-Long Baseline Control Surveying of BDS-3/BDS-2 and BDS-3+BDS-2[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2024, 49 (6): 19- 28, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506186994336384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1997, volume=71, issue=10, pageStart=589, pageEnd=602, url=http://www.researchgate.net/profile/P_Teunissen/publication/226909388_The_least-squares_ambiguity_decorrelation_adjustment_Its_performance_on_short_GPS_baselines_and_short_observation_spans/links/00b49521ea13945fa0000000.pdf, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=18, authorNames=Teunissen P J G, Jonge P J, Tiberius C C J M, journalName=Journal of Geodesy, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Teunissen P J G , Jonge P J , Tiberius C C J M . The Least-Squares Ambiguity Decorrelation Adjustment: Its Performance on Short GPS Baselines and Short Observation Spans[J]. Journal of Geodesy, 1997, 71 (10): 589- 602, articleTitle=The Least-Squares Ambiguity Decorrelation Adjustment: Its Performance on Short GPS Baselines and Short Observation Spans, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506187262771841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Herring T A, King R W, Floyd M A. GAMIT Reference Manual, GPS Analysis at MIT[R]. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 2006, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506187355046530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. 全球导航卫星系统: GB/T 18314—2024[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2024, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506187413766787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=State Administration for Market Regulation, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. Specifications for Survey and Measurement of Global Navigation Satellite System: GB/T 18314—2024[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2024, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506187669619332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周命端. GNSS测量控制网基线评估与平差计算系统: 2016, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506187740922501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SR171243[P]. 2016-07-07(Zhou Mingduan. The GNSS Survey Control Network Baseline Evaluation and Adjustment Computation System: 2016SR171243[P]. 2016-07-07, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506187841585798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Qi Y H, Yao Z, Lu M Q. Accelerated SF-PPP Convergence of BDS-3 B1 Band by Wideband Signal Observations[C]. The 36th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation(ION GNSS+ 2023), Denver, 2023, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506188093244039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=1, pageEnd=8, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=25, authorNames=周命端, 白岩松, 徐翔, journalName=测绘通报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周命端, 白岩松, 徐翔, 等. 北斗高精度位置基准长基线坐标传递应用试验及分析[J]. 测绘通报, 2025 (3): 1- 8, articleTitle=北斗高精度位置基准长基线坐标传递应用试验及分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506188168741512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=1, pageEnd=8, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=26, authorNames=Zhou Mingduan, Bai Yansong, Xu Xiang, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Zhou Mingduan , Bai Yansong , Xu Xiang , et al. Application Experiment and Analysis of Long-Baseline Coordinate Transfer for Beidou High-Precision Position Datum[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2025 (3): 1- 8, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506188516868745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=27, authorNames=郭金运, 刘智敏, 赵春梅, journalName=区域CORS网数据处理方法及应用, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郭金运, 刘智敏, 赵春梅. 区域CORS网数据处理方法及应用[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2016, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506188655280778, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=28, authorNames=Guo Jinyun, Liu Zhimin, Zhao Chunmei, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Guo Jinyun , Liu Zhimin , Zhao Chunmei . Data Processing Method and Applications of Regional CORS Network[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2016, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506189015990923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=49, issue=9, pageStart=1101, pageEnd=1111, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=29, authorNames=张勤, 燕兴元, 黄观文, journalName=测绘学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张勤, 燕兴元, 黄观文, 等. 北斗卫星天线相位中心改正模型精化及对精密定轨和定位影响分析[J]. 测绘学报, 2020, 49 (9): 1101- 1111, articleTitle=北斗卫星天线相位中心改正模型精化及对精密定轨和定位影响分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506189083099788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=49, issue=9, pageStart=1101, pageEnd=1111, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=30, authorNames=Zhang Qin, Yan Xingyuan, Huang Guanwen, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Zhang Qin , Yan Xingyuan , Huang Guanwen , et al. Refinement of Beidou Satellite Antenna Phase Center Correction Model and Its Impact on Precision Orbit Determination and Positioning[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2020, 49 (9): 1101- 1111, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506189364118157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=53, issue=12, pageStart=2254, pageEnd=2267, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=31, authorNames=耿江辉, 林吉航, 张启元, journalName=测绘学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=耿江辉, 林吉航, 张启元, 等. 面向全频率非差模糊度固定的相位钟/相位偏差估计方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53 (12): 2254- 2267, articleTitle=面向全频率非差模糊度固定的相位钟/相位偏差估计方法, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506189439615630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=53, issue=12, pageStart=2254, pageEnd=2267, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=32, authorNames=Geng Jianghui, Lin Jihang, Zhang Qiyuan, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Geng Jianghui , Lin Jihang , Zhang Qiyuan , et al. Phase Clock/Bias Estimation for GNSS All-Frequency Undifferenced Ambiguity Resolution[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2024, 53 (12): 2254- 2267, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506189510918799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=54, issue=12, pageStart=2950, pageEnd=2958, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=33, authorNames=刘甄文, 陈裕汉, 李国柱, journalName=无线电工程, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘甄文, 陈裕汉, 李国柱, 等. BDS不同双频组合的GAMIT长基线解算精度分析[J]. 无线电工程, 2024, 54 (12): 2950- 2958, articleTitle=BDS不同双频组合的GAMIT长基线解算精度分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506189594804880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=54, issue=12, pageStart=2950, pageEnd=2958, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=34, authorNames=Liu Zhenwen, Chen Yuhan, Li Guozhu, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference= Liu Zhenwen , Chen Yuhan , Li Guozhu , et al. Analysis on GAMIT Long Baseline Solution Accuracy for Different Dual-Frequency Combinations of BDS[J]. Radio Engineering, 2024, 54 (12): 2950- 2958, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322506182330270311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, awardId=KJL-EC-202405-025, language=EN, fundingSource=Independent Research and Development Project of Beijing Municipal Construction Group Co Ltd(KJL-EC-202405-025), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322506182414156392, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, awardId=KJL-EC-202405-025, language=CN, fundingSource=北京市政建设集团有限责任公司自主研究开发项目(KJL-EC-202405-025), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322506182514819689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, awardId=BDEC2024YB130, language=EN, fundingSource=General Research Project on Digital Education in Beijing in 2024(BDEC2024YB130), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322506182569345642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, awardId=BDEC2024YB130, language=CN, fundingSource=2024年度北京市数字教育研究一般课题(BDEC2024YB130), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322506182686786155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, awardId=230907551284228, language=EN, fundingSource=University-Industry Collaborative Education Program of Ministry of Educaiton(230907551284228), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322506182783255149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, awardId=230907551284228, language=CN, fundingSource=教育部产学合作协同育人项目(230907551284228), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506170930151960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170946929177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170963706394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322506171030815259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171043398172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171030815259, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Beijing Municipal Construction Group Co Ltd, 17 South-Lishi Road, Beijing 100089, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171051786781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171030815259, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司,北京市南礼士路17号,100089)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322506171131478558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171139867167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171131478558, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co Ltd, 32 Zaolinqian Street, Beijing 100053, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171152450080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171131478558, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 国网冀北电力有限公司,北京市枣林前街32号,100053)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322506171223753249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171232141858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171223753249, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4 Highway Asset Management Branch, Beijing Capital Highway Development Group Co Ltd, Tianjiafu Service Area of Jingha Expressway, Beijing 101149, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171244724771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171223753249, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4 北京市首都公路发展集团有限公司公路资产管理分公司,北京市京哈高速田家府服务区,101149)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322506178572173907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Flowchart of the model algorithm, figureFileSmall=YDNecpJwOmJxK3mRtLoFHA==, figureFileBig=xf62dzvgLPKiHCIyTEUzGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506178656059989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, label=图1, caption=模型算法流程, figureFileSmall=YDNecpJwOmJxK3mRtLoFHA==, figureFileBig=xf62dzvgLPKiHCIyTEUzGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506179020964438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=NRMS statistical analysis results, figureFileSmall=+166dGleYfMr2cVQiJ47QQ==, figureFileBig=1gNpWknLkBfkeA0yRRBAww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506179281011287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, label=图2, caption=NRMS统计分析结果, figureFileSmall=+166dGleYfMr2cVQiJ47QQ==, figureFileBig=1gNpWknLkBfkeA0yRRBAww==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506179348120152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Comparison results of component-wise mean square errors of the baseline vectors, figureFileSmall=N5cXJuQRtQFm1PEgGAe2og==, figureFileBig=VbTnDLvdNkoagP3WI8VhJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506179423617625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, label=图3, caption=基线向量各分量中误差比较结果, figureFileSmall=N5cXJuQRtQFm1PEgGAe2og==, figureFileBig=VbTnDLvdNkoagP3WI8VhJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506179490726490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Statistical analysis results of long baseline accuracy

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基线 方案 内符合精度(±)/mm 外符合偏差/mm
$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{N}}$ $\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{E}}$ $\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{U}}$ $\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{L}}$ Δ$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{N}}$ Δ$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{E}}$ Δ$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{U}}$ Δ$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{L}}$
DSK0-GAMG A 1.5 2.0 5.6 1.9 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.0
B 4.1 4.7 18.1 4.7 2.7 2.9 13.1 2.8
C 1.3 1.7 4.9 1.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2
D 1.4 1.8 5.0 1.9
DSK0-ULAB A 1.8 1.6 6.2 2.1 -0.1 0.1 0.8 0.0
B 5.2 7.0 25.9 5.6 3.3 5.5 20.5 3.5
C 1.6 1.5 5.6 1.9 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 -0.3
D 1.9 1.5 5.4 2.1
DSK0-WUH2 A 2.9 2.4 10.0 2.4 0.1 0.4 1.0 0.0
B 6.7 5.8 24.6 5.2 3.9 3.8 15.6 2.8
C 2.5 2.0 8.4 2.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 -0.3
D 2.8 2.0 9.0 2.4
GAMG-ULAB A 2.4 2.4 6.6 3.1 -0.2 0.0 0.7 -0.2
B 5.4 10.4 25.7 7.1 2.8 8.0 19.8 3.8
C 2.1 2.3 5.9 2.8 -0.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.5
D 2.6 2.4 5.9 3.3
GAMG-WUH2 A 2.3 3.2 9.9 2.8 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.1
B 4.6 9.0 24.2 7.4 2.4 5.9 15.2 4.7
C 1.9 2.9 8.4 2.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2
D 2.2 3.1 9.0 3.7
ULAB-WUH2 A 4.2 3.1 10.2 3.7 0 0.4 0.9 -0.1
B 11.3 7.3 30.9 7.8 7.1 4.6 21.6 4.0
C 3.7 2.6 8.8 3.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.6
D 4.2 2.7 9.3 3.8
平均值 A 2.5 2.5 8.1 2.7 0.0 0.2 0.8 0.0
B 6.2 7.4 24.9 6.3 3.7 5.1 17.6 3.6
C 2.2 2.2 7.0 2.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3
), ArticleFig(id=1322506179687858779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

长基线精度统计分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基线 方案 内符合精度(±)/mm 外符合偏差/mm
$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{N}}$ $\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{E}}$ $\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{U}}$ $\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{L}}$ Δ$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{N}}$ Δ$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{E}}$ Δ$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{U}}$ Δ$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{L}}$
DSK0-GAMG A 1.5 2.0 5.6 1.9 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.0
B 4.1 4.7 18.1 4.7 2.7 2.9 13.1 2.8
C 1.3 1.7 4.9 1.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2
D 1.4 1.8 5.0 1.9
DSK0-ULAB A 1.8 1.6 6.2 2.1 -0.1 0.1 0.8 0.0
B 5.2 7.0 25.9 5.6 3.3 5.5 20.5 3.5
C 1.6 1.5 5.6 1.9 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 -0.3
D 1.9 1.5 5.4 2.1
DSK0-WUH2 A 2.9 2.4 10.0 2.4 0.1 0.4 1.0 0.0
B 6.7 5.8 24.6 5.2 3.9 3.8 15.6 2.8
C 2.5 2.0 8.4 2.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 -0.3
D 2.8 2.0 9.0 2.4
GAMG-ULAB A 2.4 2.4 6.6 3.1 -0.2 0.0 0.7 -0.2
B 5.4 10.4 25.7 7.1 2.8 8.0 19.8 3.8
C 2.1 2.3 5.9 2.8 -0.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.5
D 2.6 2.4 5.9 3.3
GAMG-WUH2 A 2.3 3.2 9.9 2.8 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.1
B 4.6 9.0 24.2 7.4 2.4 5.9 15.2 4.7
C 1.9 2.9 8.4 2.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2
D 2.2 3.1 9.0 3.7
ULAB-WUH2 A 4.2 3.1 10.2 3.7 0 0.4 0.9 -0.1
B 11.3 7.3 30.9 7.8 7.1 4.6 21.6 4.0
C 3.7 2.6 8.8 3.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.6
D 4.2 2.7 9.3 3.8
平均值 A 2.5 2.5 8.1 2.7 0.0 0.2 0.8 0.0
B 6.2 7.4 24.9 6.3 3.7 5.1 17.6 3.6
C 2.2 2.2 7.0 2.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3
), ArticleFig(id=1322506179763356252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Long baseline coordinate transfer analysis results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
计算结果 方案
A B C D
$\hat{\delta}_0(\pm) / \mathrm{cm}$ 1.35 4.23 1.66 1.05
ITRF2020 X/m *4.559 6 *4.563 0 *4.558 0 *4.564 1
Y/m *1.724 4 *1.716 1 *1.721 3 *1.726 2
Z/m *2.356 2 *2.350 6 *2.354 3 *2.356 4
117°高斯坐标 N/m *1.794 9 *1.794 4 *1.795 7 *1.792 7
$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{N}}(\pm) / \mathrm{mm}$ 1.5 4.2 1.9 1.2
E/m *2.227 6 *2.234 3 *2.227 5 *2.230 8
$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{E}}(\pm) / \mathrm{mm}$ 1.6 4.8 2.0 1.2
U/m *2.160 7 *2.152 6 *2.156 8 *2.163 5
$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{U}}(\pm) / \mathrm{mm}$ 5.5 18.0 6.8 4.2
与方案D较差 ΔN/mm 2.2 1.7 3.0
ΔE/mm -3.2 3.5 -3.3
ΔU/mm -2.8 -10.9 -6.7
平面/mm 3.9 3.9 4.5
点位/mm 4.8 11.6 8.0
), ArticleFig(id=1322506179838853725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

长基线坐标传递分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
计算结果 方案
A B C D
$\hat{\delta}_0(\pm) / \mathrm{cm}$ 1.35 4.23 1.66 1.05
ITRF2020 X/m *4.559 6 *4.563 0 *4.558 0 *4.564 1
Y/m *1.724 4 *1.716 1 *1.721 3 *1.726 2
Z/m *2.356 2 *2.350 6 *2.354 3 *2.356 4
117°高斯坐标 N/m *1.794 9 *1.794 4 *1.795 7 *1.792 7
$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{N}}(\pm) / \mathrm{mm}$ 1.5 4.2 1.9 1.2
E/m *2.227 6 *2.234 3 *2.227 5 *2.230 8
$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{E}}(\pm) / \mathrm{mm}$ 1.6 4.8 2.0 1.2
U/m *2.160 7 *2.152 6 *2.156 8 *2.163 5
$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{U}}(\pm) / \mathrm{mm}$ 5.5 18.0 6.8 4.2
与方案D较差 ΔN/mm 2.2 1.7 3.0
ΔE/mm -3.2 3.5 -3.3
ΔU/mm -2.8 -10.9 -6.7
平面/mm 3.9 3.9 4.5
点位/mm 4.8 11.6 8.0
), ArticleFig(id=1322506179931128414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Phase observation accuracy statistical results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
控制点 观测时段
(doy)
方案A/mm 方案B/mm 方案C/mm 方案D/mm
BDL0 153 12.2 7.1 10.5 8.7
154 11.4 7.1 10.8 9.0
155 10.9 6.6 9.7 8.6
均值 11.5 6.9 10.3 8.8
DSK0 153 7.5 6.4 7.1 6.5
154 7.6 6.7 7.5 6.4
155 7.0 6.2 6.8 5.7
均值 7.4 6.4 7.1 6.2
HHC0 153 8.3 6.8 7.9 6.3
154 10.0 7.8 9.3 8.1
155 8.0 6.2 7.4 5.8
均值 8.8 6.9 8.2 6.7
HMZ0 153 9.6 7.2 8.8 6.9
154 9.4 7.7 9.8 7.9
155 8.3 7.2 7.9 6.9
均值 9.1 7.4 8.8 7.2
LFZ0 153 8.3 6.8 8.0 5.7
154 9.2 7.6 8.9 6.8
155 7.7 6.9 7.5 5.7
均值 8.4 7.1 8.1 6.1
TJF0 153 7.1 6.5 7.7 5.4
154 8.6 7.1 8.4 6.4
155 6.8 5.8 6.8 5.7
均值 7.5 6.5 7.6 5.8
TST0 153 7.5 7.1 7.4 6.9
154 8.5 7.2 8.0 7.0
155 7.3 6.5 7.1 7.0
均值 7.8 6.9 7.5 7.0
XGZ0 153 8.6 7.4 8.5 6.8
154 9.7 7.8 9.3 7.9
155 8.5 8.0 8.5 6.9
均值 8.9 7.7 8.8 7.2
YC00 153 7.4 5.8 7.3 6.0
154 7.4 5.9 6.9 6.7
155 6.6 5.5 6.4 5.1
均值 7.1 5.7 6.9 5.9
平均精度 8 7 8 7
), ArticleFig(id=1322506179985654367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

相位观测值精度统计结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
控制点 观测时段
(doy)
方案A/mm 方案B/mm 方案C/mm 方案D/mm
BDL0 153 12.2 7.1 10.5 8.7
154 11.4 7.1 10.8 9.0
155 10.9 6.6 9.7 8.6
均值 11.5 6.9 10.3 8.8
DSK0 153 7.5 6.4 7.1 6.5
154 7.6 6.7 7.5 6.4
155 7.0 6.2 6.8 5.7
均值 7.4 6.4 7.1 6.2
HHC0 153 8.3 6.8 7.9 6.3
154 10.0 7.8 9.3 8.1
155 8.0 6.2 7.4 5.8
均值 8.8 6.9 8.2 6.7
HMZ0 153 9.6 7.2 8.8 6.9
154 9.4 7.7 9.8 7.9
155 8.3 7.2 7.9 6.9
均值 9.1 7.4 8.8 7.2
LFZ0 153 8.3 6.8 8.0 5.7
154 9.2 7.6 8.9 6.8
155 7.7 6.9 7.5 5.7
均值 8.4 7.1 8.1 6.1
TJF0 153 7.1 6.5 7.7 5.4
154 8.6 7.1 8.4 6.4
155 6.8 5.8 6.8 5.7
均值 7.5 6.5 7.6 5.8
TST0 153 7.5 7.1 7.4 6.9
154 8.5 7.2 8.0 7.0
155 7.3 6.5 7.1 7.0
均值 7.8 6.9 7.5 7.0
XGZ0 153 8.6 7.4 8.5 6.8
154 9.7 7.8 9.3 7.9
155 8.5 8.0 8.5 6.9
均值 8.9 7.7 8.8 7.2
YC00 153 7.4 5.8 7.3 6.0
154 7.4 5.9 6.9 6.7
155 6.6 5.5 6.4 5.1
均值 7.1 5.7 6.9 5.9
平均精度 8 7 8 7
), ArticleFig(id=1322506180052763232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Results of the differences of each component

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基线名称 方案 N向/m E向/m U向/m L向/m 外符合偏差/mm
ΔN ΔE ΔU ΔL
HHC0-TST0
(最长基线147 km)
A 104 776.528 0 102 825.221 3 -154.611 9 146 811.193 7 0.7 0.0 -2.5 0.5
B 104 776.521 5 102 825.225 1 -154.619 9 146 811.191 9 -5.8 3.8 -10.5 -1.3
C 104 776.527 4 102 825.220 2 -154.612 9 146 811.192 5 0.1 -1.1 -3.5 -0.7
D 104 776.527 3 102 825.221 3 -154.609 4 146 811.193 2 - - - -
HHC0-TJF0
(近平均长度
基线67 km)
A 24 285.989 7 62 139.404 4 -366.601 3 66 717.683 4 -0.2 0.8 -7.3 0.8
B 24 285.988 5 62 139.406 4 -366.601 8 66 717.684 8 -1.4 2.8 -7.8 2.2
C 24 285.989 9 62 139.403 3 -366.599 8 66 717.682 4 0.0 -0.3 -5.8 -0.2
D 24 285.989 9 62 139.403 6 -366.594 0 66 717.682 6 - - - -
LFZ0-TJF0
(最短基线16 km)
A 4 300.940 0 -15 140.074 6 -11.269 0 15 739.125 5 -1.2 0.7 2.3 -1.0
B 4 300.942 0 -15 140.075 4 -11.275 0 15 739.126 8 0.8 -0.1 -3.7 0.3
C 4 300.940 5 -15 140.075 2 -11.269 4 15 739.126 2 -0.7 0.1 1.9 -0.3
D 4 300.941 2 -15 140.075 3 -11.271 3 15 739.126 5 - - - -
), ArticleFig(id=1322506180170203745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

基线各分量较差结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基线名称 方案 N向/m E向/m U向/m L向/m 外符合偏差/mm
ΔN ΔE ΔU ΔL
HHC0-TST0
(最长基线147 km)
A 104 776.528 0 102 825.221 3 -154.611 9 146 811.193 7 0.7 0.0 -2.5 0.5
B 104 776.521 5 102 825.225 1 -154.619 9 146 811.191 9 -5.8 3.8 -10.5 -1.3
C 104 776.527 4 102 825.220 2 -154.612 9 146 811.192 5 0.1 -1.1 -3.5 -0.7
D 104 776.527 3 102 825.221 3 -154.609 4 146 811.193 2 - - - -
HHC0-TJF0
(近平均长度
基线67 km)
A 24 285.989 7 62 139.404 4 -366.601 3 66 717.683 4 -0.2 0.8 -7.3 0.8
B 24 285.988 5 62 139.406 4 -366.601 8 66 717.684 8 -1.4 2.8 -7.8 2.2
C 24 285.989 9 62 139.403 3 -366.599 8 66 717.682 4 0.0 -0.3 -5.8 -0.2
D 24 285.989 9 62 139.403 6 -366.594 0 66 717.682 6 - - - -
LFZ0-TJF0
(最短基线16 km)
A 4 300.940 0 -15 140.074 6 -11.269 0 15 739.125 5 -1.2 0.7 2.3 -1.0
B 4 300.942 0 -15 140.075 4 -11.275 0 15 739.126 8 0.8 -0.1 -3.7 0.3
C 4 300.940 5 -15 140.075 2 -11.269 4 15 739.126 2 -0.7 0.1 1.9 -0.3
D 4 300.941 2 -15 140.075 3 -11.271 3 15 739.126 5 - - - -
), ArticleFig(id=1322506180228924002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, label=Tab. 5, caption=

Baseline repeatability results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
区间 方案 RN RE RU RL
(0~5] mm A 100% 100% 36.1% 100%
B 100% 100% 19.4% 100%
C 100% 100% 75.0% 100%
D 100% 100% 80.6% 100%
(5~10] mm A 0 0 55.6% 0
B 0 0 36.1% 0
C 0 0 22.2% 0
D 0 0 19.4% 0
(10~15] mm A 0 0 8.3% 0
B 0 0 33.3% 0
C 0 0 2.8% 0
D 0 0 0 0
(15~25] mm A 0 0 16.7% 0
B 0 0 11.1% 0
C 0 0 0 0
D 0 0 0 0
各分量重复性平均值
(Avg Rx)
A 1.5 mm 1.3 mm 6.2 mm 1.2 mm
B 2.1 mm 1.8 mm 9.6 mm 1.7 mm
C 0.8 mm 0.7 mm 4.4 mm 0.7 mm
D 1.1 mm 1.0 mm 3.6 mm 1.1 mm
), ArticleFig(id=1322506180392501859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

基线重复性结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
区间 方案 RN RE RU RL
(0~5] mm A 100% 100% 36.1% 100%
B 100% 100% 19.4% 100%
C 100% 100% 75.0% 100%
D 100% 100% 80.6% 100%
(5~10] mm A 0 0 55.6% 0
B 0 0 36.1% 0
C 0 0 22.2% 0
D 0 0 19.4% 0
(10~15] mm A 0 0 8.3% 0
B 0 0 33.3% 0
C 0 0 2.8% 0
D 0 0 0 0
(15~25] mm A 0 0 16.7% 0
B 0 0 11.1% 0
C 0 0 0 0
D 0 0 0 0
各分量重复性平均值
(Avg Rx)
A 1.5 mm 1.3 mm 6.2 mm 1.2 mm
B 2.1 mm 1.8 mm 9.6 mm 1.7 mm
C 0.8 mm 0.7 mm 4.4 mm 0.7 mm
D 1.1 mm 1.0 mm 3.6 mm 1.1 mm
), ArticleFig(id=1322506180547691109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=EN, label=Tab. 6, caption=

Comparison and precision statistics of control network adjustment results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
待求点 方案 N向/m E向/m U向/m 各方案与方案D较差/mm
ΔN ΔE ΔU 平面 点位
BDL0 A 4*5.688 4 4*8.079 4 5*.692 0 -1.3 -0.2 0.4 1.3 1.4
B 4*5.691 3 4*8.081 5 5*.671 0 1.6 1.9 -20.6 2.5 20.7
C 4*5.689 3 4*8.079 5 5*.691 4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 0.5
D 4*5.689 7 4*8.079 6 5*.691 6 - - - - -
HHC0 A 4*3.393 4 4*9.985 7 4*.664 7 -0.8 -1.2 5.2 1.4 5.4
B 4*3.392 9 4*9.985 0 4*.665 6 -1.3 -1.9 6.1 2.3 6.5
C 4*3.392 9 4*9.987 3 4*.667 2 -1.3 0.4 7.7 1.4 7.8
D 4*3.394 2 4*9.986 9 4*.659 5 - - - - -
HMZ0A 4*5.020 0 4*0.497 9 3*.687 4 0.4 0.8 -5.5 0.9 5.6
B 4*5.019 1 4*0.496 7 3*.682 8 -0.5 -0.4 -10.1 0.6 10.1
C 4*5.019 7 4*0.497 1 3*.689 7 0.1 0.0 -3.2 0.1 3.2
D 4*5.019 6 4*0.497 1 3*.692 9 - - - - -
LFZ0A 4*3.504 0 4*9.432 6 1*.587 2 0.2 -1.0 -4.2 1.0 4.3
B 4*3.490 1 4*9.456 7 1*.521 0 -3.9 0.5 1.5 3.9 4.2
C 4*3.507 5 4*9.432 1 1*.585 8 -0.4 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.4
D 4*3.507 9 4*9.432 1 1*.585 7 - - - - -
TJF0A 4*1.763 3 4*7.101 3 2*.711 5 -1.1 -0.2 -1.1 1.1 1.6
B 4*1.761 2 4*7.101 8 2*.711 2 -3.2 0.3 -1.4 3.2 3.5
C 4*1.749 2 4*7.125 1 2*.661 6 -1.1 0.2 2.4 1.1 2.6
D 4*1.764 4 4*7.101 5 2*.712 6 - - - - -
TST0A 4*6.116 9 5*5.830 1 1*.722 6 -0.2 -1.1 2.5 1.1 2.7
B 4*6.109 5 5*5.832 9 1*.714 6 -7.6 1.7 -5.5 7.8 9.5
C 4*6.115 9 5*5.830 6 1*.724 3 -1.2 -0.6 4.2 1.3 4.4
D 4*6.117 1 5*5.831 2 1*.720 1 - - - - -
XGZ0A 4*7.581 3 5*2.392 0 4*.455 2 -0.9 1.2 3.5 1.5 3.8
B 4*7.574 9 5*2.391 9 4*.427 8 -7.3 1.1 -23.9 7.4 25.0
C 4*7.580 4 5*2.391 3 4*.453 5 -1.8 0.5 1.8 1.9 2.6
D 4*7.582 2 5*2.390 8 4*.451 7 - - - - -
YC00A 4*0.493 7 4*4.303 9 5*.214 4 0.2 -0.5 -2.6 0.5 2.7
B 4*0.491 7 4*4.305 0 5*.215 6 -1.8 0.6 -1.4 1.9 2.4
C 4*0.493 4 4*4.304 2 5*.215 4 -0.1 -0.2 -1.6 0.2 1.6
D 4*0.493 5 4*4.304 4 5*.217 0 - - - - -
RMS值/mmA $\hat{\delta}$0A=±3.6 ±0.8 ±0.9 ±3.6 ±1.1 ±3.8
B $\hat{\delta}$0B=±8.3 ±4.2 ±1.2 ±12.1 ±4.4 ±12.9
C $\hat{\delta}$0C=±2.5 ±1.0 ±0.3 ±3.5 ±1.1 ±3.7
D $\hat{\delta}$0D=±2.6 - - - - -
), ArticleFig(id=1322506180614799974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

控制点平差结果的较差及精度统计结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
待求点 方案 N向/m E向/m U向/m 各方案与方案D较差/mm
ΔN ΔE ΔU 平面 点位
BDL0 A 4*5.688 4 4*8.079 4 5*.692 0 -1.3 -0.2 0.4 1.3 1.4
B 4*5.691 3 4*8.081 5 5*.671 0 1.6 1.9 -20.6 2.5 20.7
C 4*5.689 3 4*8.079 5 5*.691 4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.4 0.5
D 4*5.689 7 4*8.079 6 5*.691 6 - - - - -
HHC0 A 4*3.393 4 4*9.985 7 4*.664 7 -0.8 -1.2 5.2 1.4 5.4
B 4*3.392 9 4*9.985 0 4*.665 6 -1.3 -1.9 6.1 2.3 6.5
C 4*3.392 9 4*9.987 3 4*.667 2 -1.3 0.4 7.7 1.4 7.8
D 4*3.394 2 4*9.986 9 4*.659 5 - - - - -
HMZ0A 4*5.020 0 4*0.497 9 3*.687 4 0.4 0.8 -5.5 0.9 5.6
B 4*5.019 1 4*0.496 7 3*.682 8 -0.5 -0.4 -10.1 0.6 10.1
C 4*5.019 7 4*0.497 1 3*.689 7 0.1 0.0 -3.2 0.1 3.2
D 4*5.019 6 4*0.497 1 3*.692 9 - - - - -
LFZ0A 4*3.504 0 4*9.432 6 1*.587 2 0.2 -1.0 -4.2 1.0 4.3
B 4*3.490 1 4*9.456 7 1*.521 0 -3.9 0.5 1.5 3.9 4.2
C 4*3.507 5 4*9.432 1 1*.585 8 -0.4 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.4
D 4*3.507 9 4*9.432 1 1*.585 7 - - - - -
TJF0A 4*1.763 3 4*7.101 3 2*.711 5 -1.1 -0.2 -1.1 1.1 1.6
B 4*1.761 2 4*7.101 8 2*.711 2 -3.2 0.3 -1.4 3.2 3.5
C 4*1.749 2 4*7.125 1 2*.661 6 -1.1 0.2 2.4 1.1 2.6
D 4*1.764 4 4*7.101 5 2*.712 6 - - - - -
TST0A 4*6.116 9 5*5.830 1 1*.722 6 -0.2 -1.1 2.5 1.1 2.7
B 4*6.109 5 5*5.832 9 1*.714 6 -7.6 1.7 -5.5 7.8 9.5
C 4*6.115 9 5*5.830 6 1*.724 3 -1.2 -0.6 4.2 1.3 4.4
D 4*6.117 1 5*5.831 2 1*.720 1 - - - - -
XGZ0A 4*7.581 3 5*2.392 0 4*.455 2 -0.9 1.2 3.5 1.5 3.8
B 4*7.574 9 5*2.391 9 4*.427 8 -7.3 1.1 -23.9 7.4 25.0
C 4*7.580 4 5*2.391 3 4*.453 5 -1.8 0.5 1.8 1.9 2.6
D 4*7.582 2 5*2.390 8 4*.451 7 - - - - -
YC00A 4*0.493 7 4*4.303 9 5*.214 4 0.2 -0.5 -2.6 0.5 2.7
B 4*0.491 7 4*4.305 0 5*.215 6 -1.8 0.6 -1.4 1.9 2.4
C 4*0.493 4 4*4.304 2 5*.215 4 -0.1 -0.2 -1.6 0.2 1.6
D 4*0.493 5 4*4.304 4 5*.217 0 - - - - -
RMS值/mmA $\hat{\delta}$0A=±3.6 ±0.8 ±0.9 ±3.6 ±1.1 ±3.8
B $\hat{\delta}$0B=±8.3 ±4.2 ±1.2 ±12.1 ±4.4 ±12.9
C $\hat{\delta}$0C=±2.5 ±1.0 ±0.3 ±3.5 ±1.1 ±3.7
D $\hat{\delta}$0D=±2.6 - - - - -
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1281211523964080133, delFlag=0, nameCn=大地测量与地球动力学, nameEn=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1671-5942, eissn=null, cn=42-1655/P, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=BeWo6OWOseISH6uPOmc2hA==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1783394231074, updatedTime=1788951966472, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13041195026, firstLetterCn=D, firstLetterEn=D, subjectCode=Science, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Science, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=BeWo6OWOseISH6uPOmc2hA==, picEn=YHLfVa8gITbOo0FeIjbLDg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1304522356412666698, language=CN, name=大地测量与地球动力学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788951966622, updatedTime=1788951966622, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.jgg09.com/journalx_ddcl/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.jgg09.com/journalx_ddcl/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.jgg09.com/journalx_ddcl/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1304522356576244555, language=EN, name=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1788951966661, updatedTime=1788951966661, createdBy=13041195026, updatedBy=13041195026, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://www.jgg09.com/journalx_ddcl/authorLogOn.action, submissionEditorUrl=http://www.jgg09.com/journalx_ddcl/editorLogOn.action, submissionReviewUrl=http://www.jgg09.com/journalx_ddcl/expertLogOn.action, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1281212831689347082, websiteList=[Website(id=1281216327125799907, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1281212831689347082, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/CN, language=CN, createTime=1783395376235, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1783395439358, updateBy=18614031015, name=大地测量与地球动力学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=大地测量与地球动力学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1281216715371548758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327125799907, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1783395468800, updateTime=1783395468800, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216715346382931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327125799907, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1783395468794, updateTime=1783395468794, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216715400908889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327125799907, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1783395468807, updateTime=1783395468807, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216715333800018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327125799907, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/CN/file/pic?fileId=87adUdwolRb6UqGo0QjlJQ==, createTime=1783395468791, updateTime=1783395468791, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216715421880411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327125799907, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1783395468812, updateTime=1783395468812, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216715363160149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327125799907, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/CN/file/pic, createTime=1783395468798, updateTime=1783395468798, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216715409297498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327125799907, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1783395468809, updateTime=1783395468809, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216715358965844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327125799907, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1783395468797, updateTime=1783395468797, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216715384131671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327125799907, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1783395468803, updateTime=1783395468803, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216715392520280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327125799907, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1783395468805, updateTime=1783395468805, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1281216327713002474, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1281212831689347082, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/EN, language=EN, createTime=1783395376375, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1783395435863, updateBy=18614031015, name=大地测量与地球动力学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1281216680483328066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327713002474, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1783395460482, updateTime=1783395460483, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216680453967935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327713002474, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1783395460475, updateTime=1783395460475, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216680521076805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327713002474, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1783395460491, updateTime=1783395460491, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216680437190718, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327713002474, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/EN/file/pic?fileId=87adUdwolRb6UqGo0QjlJQ==, createTime=1783395460471, updateTime=1783395460471, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216680542048327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327713002474, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1783395460496, updateTime=1783395460496, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216680474939457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327713002474, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/EN/file/pic, createTime=1783395460480, updateTime=1783395460480, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216680533659718, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327713002474, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1783395460494, updateTime=1783395460494, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216680462356544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327713002474, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1783395460477, updateTime=1783395460477, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216680495910979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327713002474, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1783395460485, updateTime=1783395460485, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1281216680508493892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1281216327713002474, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1783395460488, updateTime=1783395460488, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://www.jgg09.com/CN/home, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, journalPhotoCn=BeWo6OWOseISH6uPOmc2hA==, journalPhotoEn=YHLfVa8gITbOo0FeIjbLDg==, journalFirstLetter=D, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false, interPubPlatform=, interPubPlatformUrl=null), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/CN/10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.081, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/EN/10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.081, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/CN/PDF/10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.081, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/EN/PDF/10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.081, aliStartDate=0, aliEndDate=0, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, previewStatus=0, delFlag=0, hasFullText=1, orderTime=1755187200000, fullTextJson=null, articleText=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
BDS-3/BDS-2及BDS-3+BDS-2高精度控制测量定位性能分析
收藏切换
周命端 1 , 宋峤 1 , 白岩松 1 , 孟庆龙 2 , 吴舜 3 , 刘明华 2 , 张驰 4
大地测量与地球动力学 | 现代大地测量 2025,45(8): 796-805
收起
收藏切换
大地测量与地球动力学 |现代大地测量 2025 , 45 (8) : 796 -805
BDS-3/BDS-2及BDS-3+BDS-2高精度控制测量定位性能分析
全屏
[Author(id=1322506171311833637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=mdzhou@bucea.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506171395719719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506171311833637, language=EN, stringName=Mingduan ZHOU, firstName=Mingduan, middleName=null, lastName=ZHOU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China, bio={"content":"

ZHOU Mingduan, PhD, associate professor, majors in satellite navigation and LiDAR technology, E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

ZHOU Mingduan, PhD, associate professor, majors in satellite navigation and LiDAR technology, E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506171483800104, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506171311833637, language=CN, stringName=周命端, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616, bio={"content":"

周命端,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为卫星定位与激光雷达技术,E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

周命端,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为卫星定位与激光雷达技术,E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506170930151960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170946929177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170963706394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616)])]), Author(id=1322506171735458346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506173278962220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506171735458346, language=EN, stringName=Qiao SONG, firstName=Qiao, middleName=null, lastName=SONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506173396402733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506171735458346, language=CN, stringName=宋峤, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506170930151960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170946929177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170963706394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616)])]), Author(id=1322506173480288815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506173593535025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506173480288815, language=EN, stringName=Yansong BAI, firstName=Yansong, middleName=null, lastName=BAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506173664838194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506173480288815, language=CN, stringName=白岩松, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506170930151960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170946929177, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506170963706394, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506170930151960, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616)])]), Author(id=1322506173870359092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506173962633783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506173870359092, language=EN, stringName=Qinglong MENG, firstName=Qinglong, middleName=null, lastName=MENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 Beijing Municipal Construction Group Co Ltd, 17 South-Lishi Road, Beijing 100089, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506174252040760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506173870359092, language=CN, stringName=孟庆龙, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司,北京市南礼士路17号,100089, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506171030815259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171043398172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171030815259, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Beijing Municipal Construction Group Co Ltd, 17 South-Lishi Road, Beijing 100089, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171051786781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171030815259, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司,北京市南礼士路17号,100089)])]), Author(id=1322506174323343930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506174516281916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506174323343930, language=EN, stringName=Shun WU, firstName=Shun, middleName=null, lastName=WU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co Ltd, 32 Zaolinqian Street, Beijing 100053, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506174679859773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506174323343930, language=CN, stringName=吴舜, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3 国网冀北电力有限公司,北京市枣林前街32号,100053, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506171131478558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171139867167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171131478558, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co Ltd, 32 Zaolinqian Street, Beijing 100053, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171152450080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171131478558, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3 国网冀北电力有限公司,北京市枣林前街32号,100053)])]), Author(id=1322506174772134463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506174851826241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506174772134463, language=EN, stringName=Minghua LIU, firstName=Minghua, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 Beijing Municipal Construction Group Co Ltd, 17 South-Lishi Road, Beijing 100089, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506175128650306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506174772134463, language=CN, stringName=刘明华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司,北京市南礼士路17号,100089, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506171030815259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171043398172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171030815259, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Beijing Municipal Construction Group Co Ltd, 17 South-Lishi Road, Beijing 100089, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171051786781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171030815259, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司,北京市南礼士路17号,100089)])]), Author(id=1322506175254479428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506175623578182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506175254479428, language=EN, stringName=Chi ZHANG, firstName=Chi, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4 Highway Asset Management Branch, Beijing Capital Highway Development Group Co Ltd, Tianjiafu Service Area of Jingha Expressway, Beijing 101149, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322506175711658567, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, authorId=1322506175254479428, language=CN, stringName=张驰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4 北京市首都公路发展集团有限公司公路资产管理分公司,北京市京哈高速田家府服务区,101149, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506171223753249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171232141858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171223753249, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4 Highway Asset Management Branch, Beijing Capital Highway Development Group Co Ltd, Tianjiafu Service Area of Jingha Expressway, Beijing 101149, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506171244724771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506169072075279, companyId=1322506171223753249, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4 北京市首都公路发展集团有限公司公路资产管理分公司,北京市京哈高速田家府服务区,101149)])])]
周命端1 , 宋峤1, 白岩松1, 孟庆龙2, 吴舜3, 刘明华2, 张驰4
作者信息
  • 1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616
  • 2 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司,北京市南礼士路17号,100089
  • 3 国网冀北电力有限公司,北京市枣林前街32号,100053
  • 4 北京市首都公路发展集团有限公司公路资产管理分公司,北京市京哈高速田家府服务区,101149
作者简介:

周命端,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为卫星定位与激光雷达技术,E-mail:

Positioning Performance Analysis for High-Precision Control Surveying of BDS-3/BDS-2 and BDS-3+BDS-2
Mingduan ZHOU1 , Qiao SONG1, Yansong BAI1, Qinglong MENG2, Shun WU3, Minghua LIU2, Chi ZHANG4
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Geomatrics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 15 Yongyuan Road, Beijing 102616, China
  • 2 Beijing Municipal Construction Group Co Ltd, 17 South-Lishi Road, Beijing 100089, China
  • 3 State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co Ltd, 32 Zaolinqian Street, Beijing 100053, China
  • 4 Highway Asset Management Branch, Beijing Capital Highway Development Group Co Ltd, Tianjiafu Service Area of Jingha Expressway, Beijing 101149, China
  • ZHOU Mingduan, PhD, associate professor, majors in satellite navigation and LiDAR technology, E-mail:

出版时间: 2025-08-15 doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.081
文章导航
收藏切换

建立BDS传递起算基准控制测量模型,比较分析BDS-3/BDS-2和BDS-3+BDS-2高精度控制测量定位性能差异。选择北京某工程9个首级控制点和中国及周边3个IGS跟踪站建立一种同时支持GPS与BDS-3/BDS-2信号的高精度控制测量定位网,选取2023年doy153-155连续观测的3个时段数据,设计4种方案进行数据处理,从起算基准传递结果和控制测量平差结果2个方面作定位性能比较分析。结果表明,相比于GPS,BDS-3和BDS-3+BDS-2在N向、E向、U向、平面和点位上较差均仅存在mm级的差异,而BDS-2在U向和点位上较差存在mm至cm级差异,在N向、E向及平面上存在mm级差异; BDS-3测量精度与BDS-3+BDS-2基本相当,BDS-2测量精度稍差,特别是在U向。

BDS  /  基线处理  /  网平差  /  起算基准传递  /  控制测量精度

By establishing a BDS transmission reference control surveying model, the paper compares and analyzes the high-precision control surveying positioning performance differences between BDS-3/BDS-2 and BDS-3+BDS-2. Nine first-order control points of a project in Beijing and three IGS tracking stations in China and its surrounding areas were selected to establish a high-precision control surveying positioning network that supports both GPS and BDS-3/BDS-2 signals. Continuous observation data from three time periods(days 153-155 of 2023) were selected, and four schemes were designed for data processing. The positioning performance was compared and analyzed from two aspects: the transmission results of the initial reference and the adjustment results of control surveying. The results show that compared with GPS, BDS-3 and BDS-3+BDS-2 have only millimeter-level differences in N, E, U, horizontal, and point directions, while BDS-2 has differences ranging from millimeters to centimeters in the U and point directions, and only millimeter-level differences in the N, E, and horizontal directions. The measurement accuracy of BDS-3 is basically equivalent to that of BDS-3+BDS-2, while BDS-2 has lower accuracy than the other two, especially in the U direction.

BDS  /  baseline processing  /  network adjustment  /  starting datum transfer  /  control surveying accuracy
周命端, 宋峤, 白岩松, 孟庆龙, 吴舜, 刘明华, 张驰. BDS-3/BDS-2及BDS-3+BDS-2高精度控制测量定位性能分析. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2025 , 45 (8) : 796 -805 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.081
Mingduan ZHOU, Qiao SONG, Yansong BAI, Qinglong MENG, Shun WU, Minghua LIU, Chi ZHANG. Positioning Performance Analysis for High-Precision Control Surveying of BDS-3/BDS-2 and BDS-3+BDS-2[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2025 , 45 (8) : 796 -805 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.081
BDS目前正处于BDS-3与BDS-2联合服务阶段,基于BDS的高精度定位技术,如控制测量、RTK、PPP和PPP-RTK等,已受到测绘与导航领域的广泛关注[1]。在高精度控制测量应用方面,BDS定位技术已可以与GPS定位技术相媲美,相关研究及实验已逐步得到验证。李森等[2]验证了BDS-2数据在工程控制网测量中的可行性; 王世君[3]建立了基于BDS的复杂山区超长铁路隧道控制网,并对比分析了GPS与BDS+GPS的测量结果; 马森等[4]验证了BDS在工程控制网中的应用,并对比分析了BDS与GPS的基线解算精度; 周命端等[5]提出了BDS网数据处理模型,并利用B1I/B3I双频数据,分析了BDS-3+BDS-2高精度工程测量网的定位性能; 王春杨等[6]分析了顾及海潮模型改正对提升BDS-3定位精度的作用; 谢劭峰等[7]、梁洪宝等[8]分析了起算点坐标偏差对基线解算的影响; 周命端等[9]构建了北斗控制测量定位模型,并对比分析了BDS-3/BDS-2和BDS-3+BDS-2在中长基线控制测量中的定位性能差异。
然而,传统高精度控制测量的起算基准主要依赖于GPS传递,采用BDS传递起算基准的高精度控制测量应用的相关报道较少。本文提出一种基于BDS的国产化起算基准传递方法。在建立传递起算基准高精度控制测量模型的基础上,选取北京市某工程的9个首级控制点和中国及周边地区的3个IGS跟踪站,构建一个同时支持GPS与BDS-3/BDS-2信号的高精度控制测量定位网。通过设计4种不同的数据处理方案,从起算基准传递结果和控制测量平差结果2个方面,对定位性能进行详细分析、比较和评估,旨在为高精度控制测量应用提供一种安全、自主可控的国产化北斗解决方案。
利用BDS传递起算基准高精度控制测量模型与GPS类似,模型算法核心是基线处理模块和网平差模块,包括长基线坐标传递模型和控制测量模型,对应的模型算法流程如图 1所示。
由图 1可见,对于同步观测历元数为tm的单基线解算双差定位模型对应的误差方程为:
$\boldsymbol{V}_{\text {baseline }}=\left[\begin{array}{ll}\boldsymbol{A} & \boldsymbol{B}\end{array}\right]^{\mathrm{T}}\left[\begin{array}{c}\Delta \boldsymbol{X} \\\nabla \Delta \boldsymbol{N}\end{array}\right]-\boldsymbol{L}$
式中,$\begin{array}{llll}\boldsymbol{V}_{\text {baseline }}=\left[\begin{array}{llll}\boldsymbol{v}\left(t_1\right) & \boldsymbol{v}\left(t_2\right) & \cdots & \boldsymbol{v}\left(t_m\right)\end{array}\right]^{\mathrm{T}}\end{array}$为双差观测值改正数矩阵; $\boldsymbol{A}=\left[\begin{array}{llll}\boldsymbol{a}\left(t_1\right) & \boldsymbol{a}\left(t_2\right) & \cdots & \boldsymbol{a}\left(t_m\right)\end{array}\right]^{\mathrm{T}}$和$\boldsymbol{B}=\left[\begin{array}{llll}\boldsymbol{b}\left(t_1\right) & \boldsymbol{b}\left(t_2\right) & \cdots & \boldsymbol{b}\left(t_m\right)\end{array}\right]^{\mathrm{T}}$均为常系数矩阵; ΔX为基线向量矩阵; $\nabla \Delta$ N为双差整周模糊度矩阵; $\boldsymbol{L}=\left[\begin{array}{llll}\nabla \Delta \boldsymbol{l}\left(t_1\right) & \nabla \Delta \boldsymbol{l}\left(t_2\right) & \cdots & \nabla \Delta \boldsymbol{l}\left(t_m\right)\end{array}\right]^{\mathrm{T}}$为双差观测值常数项矩阵。对于有n条基线的观测时段,由式(1)分别对每条基线对应的误差方程组成法方程,并将误差方程系数及常数项累加到总误差方程对应系数项的常数项上,进而组成对应的总法方程,可获得基于最小二乘间接平差法网解的基线处理模块浮点解:
$ \begin{aligned}{\left[\begin{array}{c}\Delta \boldsymbol{X}^n \\\nabla \Delta \boldsymbol{N}^n\end{array}\right]=} & \left(\left[\begin{array}{ll}\boldsymbol{A}^n & \boldsymbol{B}^n\end{array}\right]^{\mathrm{T}} \cdot \boldsymbol{P}^n \cdot\left[\begin{array}{ll}\boldsymbol{A}^n & \boldsymbol{B}^n\end{array}\right]\right)^{-1} \cdot \\& \left(\left[\begin{array}{ll}\boldsymbol{A}^n & \boldsymbol{B}^n\end{array}\right]^{\mathrm{T}} \cdot \boldsymbol{P}^n \cdot \boldsymbol{L}^n\right)\end{aligned} $
由于式(2)中$\nabla \Delta$ Nn通常具有整数特性,采用LAMBDA算法[10]将其确定为正确整数并更新对应的总法方程,获得基于最小二乘网解的基线处理模块固定解及其方差-协方差阵:
$ \left\{\begin{array}{l}\Delta \boldsymbol{X}^n=\left[\begin{array}{llll}\Delta \boldsymbol{X}_1 & \cdots & \Delta \boldsymbol{X}_i & \cdots\end{array} \quad \Delta \boldsymbol{X}_n\right]^{\mathrm{T}} \\\boldsymbol{D}_{\Delta \boldsymbol{X}^n}=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\left(\sigma_{\Delta \boldsymbol{X}_1}\right)^2 & \cdots & \sigma_{\Delta \boldsymbol{X}_1, \Delta \boldsymbol{X}_n} \\\vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\\sigma_{\Delta \boldsymbol{X}_n, \Delta \boldsymbol{X}_1} & \cdots & \left(\sigma_{\Delta \boldsymbol{X}_n}\right)^2\end{array}\right]\end{array}\right. $
式中,$ \Delta \boldsymbol{X}_i=\left[\begin{array}{lll}\Delta x_i & \Delta y_i & \Delta z_i\end{array}\right]^{\mathrm{T}}$为第i条基线向量矩阵,$i=1, 2, \cdots, n; \boldsymbol{D}_{\Delta \boldsymbol{x}^n}$为基线向量的方差-协方差阵。由于$\boldsymbol{D}_{\Delta \boldsymbol{X}^n}$可能存在非零元素,采用最小二乘间接平差法网解的基线处理模块求解基线向量可以反映其相关性[11]。利用GAMIT软件进行观测时段基线处理时,正是将时段内基线向量进行最小二乘网解(即采用最小二乘法对所述基线向量再次平差的过程),使得基线向量起点位置基准坐标向量偏差对单条基线处理的位置平移或分量变化产生的微小影响被吸收(即对应观测时段的各个同步环闭合差均为零),从而获得高精度基线向量结果并作为网平差模型的输入(即作为观测值及其对应的权矩阵)。由最小二乘间接平差法原理,单条基线对应的网平差处理模块对应的误差方程为:
$\begin{aligned}{\left[\begin{array}{l}v_{\Delta X_{t-f}} \\v_{\Delta Y_{t-f}} \\v_{\Delta Z_{t-f}}\end{array}\right] } & =\left[\begin{array}{lll}1 & 0 & 0 \\0 & 1 & 0 \\0 & 0 & 1\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{l}\mathrm{d} X_f-\mathrm{d} X_t \\\mathrm{~d} Y_f-\mathrm{d} Y_t \\\mathrm{~d} Z_f-\mathrm{d} Z_t\end{array}\right]- \\& {\left[\begin{array}{c}\Delta X_{t-f}+X_t^0-X_f^0 \\\Delta Y_{t-f}+Y_t^0-Y_f^0 \\\Delta Z_{t-f}+Z_t^0-Z_f^0\end{array}\right] }\end{aligned}$
式中,$\left[\begin{array}{lll}v_{\Delta X_{t-f}} & v_{\Delta Y_{t-f}} & v_{\Delta Z_{t-f}}\end{array}\right]^{\mathrm{T}}$为观测值改正数; $\left[\begin{array}{lll}\mathrm{d} X & \mathrm{~d} Y & \mathrm{~d} Z \end{array}\right]^{\mathrm{T}}$为坐标改正数; $\left[\begin{array}{ll}\Delta X_{t-f} & \Delta Y_{t-f}\end{array}\right.$$\left.\Delta Z_{t-f}\right]^{\mathrm{T}}$为基线起点t到基线终点f的基线向量观测值; $\left[\begin{array}{lll} X^0 & Y^0 & Z^0 \end{array}\right]^{\mathrm{T}}$为基线起点或终点的近似坐标。
假设BDS测量控制网中包含p个控制点以及q个观测时段,对应的总基线数为$\sum\limits_{i=1}^q n_i$,由式(4)分别对所有观测时段每条基线对应的误差方程组成总法方程,并将其误差方程的系数及常数项累加到总误差方程对应系数项的常数项上,对应的网平差模块对应的总误差方程可表示为:
$\boldsymbol{V}_{\mathrm{adj}}=\boldsymbol{C} \cdot \hat{\boldsymbol{Y}}-\boldsymbol{U}$
式中,Vadj为观测值改正数矩阵; C为总误差方程的系数项矩阵,由n·p·q个3×3的子矩阵组成; $\hat{\boldsymbol{Y}}$为待估控制点坐标矩阵; U为总误差方程的常数项矩阵。对应的总法方程为:
$\left(\boldsymbol{C}^{\mathrm{T}} \boldsymbol{P}_{\mathrm{adj}} \boldsymbol{C}\right) \cdot \hat{\boldsymbol{Y}}=\boldsymbol{C}^{\mathrm{T}} \boldsymbol{P}_{\mathrm{adj}} \boldsymbol{U}$
式中,Padj为BDS控制测量中总基线向量观测值的权矩阵(即对应基线向量方差-协方差阵的逆矩阵)。
由于式(6)中$\boldsymbol{C}^{\mathrm{T}} \boldsymbol{P}_{\mathrm{adj}} \boldsymbol{C}$存在秩亏,即不可求逆问题,通常引入位置起算基准(将IGS跟踪站作为起算点),但因高精度控制测量测区位置通常离周边IGS跟踪站距离较远而难以直接被引入。传统方法主要依赖于GPS定位技术实现传递(将某控制点与周边合适的IGS跟踪站联测建立GPS长基线坐标传递网,获得该控制点高精度GPS三维坐标作为位置起算基准),这种方式尽管较为成熟但某种意义上缺乏安全、自主可控性。本文考虑到BDS当前提供BDS-3+BDS-2定位信号以及采用BDS传递起算基准的高精度控制测量应用相关报道甚少,进而提出采用BDS的国产化传递方法(将某控制点与周边合适的IGS跟踪站联测建立BDS长基线坐标传递网,获得该控制点高精度BDS三维坐标作为位置起算基准)。与传统的GPS传递方法相比,若本文方法获得的起算基准存在ΔY的位置差异,按式(7)作为起算基准条件方程引入到高精度控制测量网平差处理模块中加以约束:
$\boldsymbol{G} \cdot(\hat{\boldsymbol{Y}}+\Delta \boldsymbol{Y})=0$
式中,$\boldsymbol{G}=\left[\begin{array}{lllll} 0 & \cdots & \boldsymbol{e}_k & \cdots & 0 \end{array}\right], \boldsymbol{e}_k$为第k个点对应的E3×3矩阵,其中1≤k≤p,且k∈ Z。因此,网平差函数模型由式(6)和式(7)构成。通过最小二乘间接平差法,获得待求点坐标参数为:
$\hat{\boldsymbol{Y}}=\hat{\boldsymbol{Y}}_0+\left(\boldsymbol{C}^{\mathrm{T}} \boldsymbol{P}_{\mathrm{adj}} \boldsymbol{C}+\boldsymbol{G} \boldsymbol{G}^{\mathrm{T}}\right)^{-1}\left(\boldsymbol{C}^{\mathrm{T}} \boldsymbol{P}_{\mathrm{adj}} \boldsymbol{U}\right)-\Delta \boldsymbol{Y}$
网平差随机模型为:
$ \begin{gathered}\boldsymbol{D}_{\hat{Y}}=\hat{\delta}_0^2\left(\boldsymbol{C}^{\mathrm{T}} \boldsymbol{P}_{\mathrm{adj}} \boldsymbol{C}+\boldsymbol{G} \boldsymbol{G}^{\mathrm{T}}\right)^{-1}\left(\boldsymbol{C}^{\mathrm{T}} \boldsymbol{P}_{\mathrm{adj}} \boldsymbol{C}\right)\left(\boldsymbol{C}^{\mathrm{T}} \boldsymbol{P}_{\mathrm{adj}} \boldsymbol{C}+\boldsymbol{G} \boldsymbol{G}^{\mathrm{T}}\right)^{-1}= \\{\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\left(\hat{\sigma}_X\right)^2 & \hat{\sigma}_{X Y} & \hat{\sigma}_{X Z} \\\hat{\sigma}_{Y X} & \left(\hat{\sigma}_Y\right)^2 & \hat{\sigma}_{Y Z} \\\hat{\sigma}_{Z X} & \hat{\sigma}_{Z Y} & \left(\hat{\sigma}_Z\right)^2\end{array}\right] \xrightarrow{\mathrm{GCGS} 2000 \rightarrow \text { 站心坐标系 }}\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\left(\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{N}}\right)^2 & \hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{NE}} & \hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{NU}} \\\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{EN}} & \left(\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{E}}\right)^2 & \hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{EU}} \\\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{UN}} & \hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{UE}} & \left(\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{U}}\right)^2\end{array}\right]}\end{gathered} $
式中,$\hat{\boldsymbol{Y}}_0 \text { 和} \hat{\boldsymbol{Y}}$为待求点坐标参数初值及估值; $\boldsymbol{D}_{\hat{Y}}, \hat{\sigma}$分别为待求点方差-协方差阵及其相应元素; $\hat{\delta}_0$为网平差处理模块中验后单位权中误差:
$\begin{array}{c}{{\hat \delta }_0} = \\\sqrt {\left( {{\boldsymbol{V}}_{{\rm{adj}}}^{\rm{T}} \cdot {{\boldsymbol{P}}_{{\rm{adj}}}} \cdot {{\boldsymbol{V}}_{{\rm{adj}}}}} \right)/\left( {3 \times \sum\limits_{i = 1}^q {{n_i}} - 3 \cdot p + 3} \right)} \end{array}$
为验证与分析BDS-3/BDS-2和BDS-3+BDS-2高精度控制测量定位性能的差异,选取北京某工程9个首级控制点和中国及周边3个IGS跟踪站建立一种同时支持GPS与BDS-3/BDS-2信号的高精度测量控制定位网(包括长基线坐标传递网和测量控制网)进行数据处理及定位性能比较分析。其中,长基线坐标传递网由1个首级控制点(DSK0)和3个IGS跟踪站(WUH2、ULAB、GAMG)构成并形成C42=6条基线向量,对应基线长度为1 090~21 845 km,平均长度为1 490 km; 测量控制网由9个首级控制点(DSK0、YC00、HHC0、HMZ0、LFZ0、XGZ0、TST0、BDL0、TJF0)构成并形成C92=36条基线向量,对应基线长度为16~147 km,平均长度约为76 km。选取2023年doy153-155连续观测的3个时段(每时段观测时长≥23 h[12])进行数据处理,数据采样间隔均为30 s,卫星截止高度角均为10°,基线解算采用GAMIT V10.75软件[11],网平差采用自主研制的GNetAdj V1.0软件[5, 13]。在长基线坐标传递网的数据处理中,将3个IGS跟踪站(WUH2、ULAB、GAMG)作为起算数据(基准坐标源于ITRF)并均设为基线处理强约束点和网平差起算点,传递获得DSK0点高精度坐标作为测量控制网的起算基准; 在测量控制网的数据处理中,将DSK0点作为位置起算基准并设为基线处理强约束点和网平差起算点,获得剩余8个点控制测量平差结果。无论是长基线坐标传递网还是测量控制网均采用相同的策略并设计4种解算方案: 1)利用BDS-3 B1I/B3I双频数据传递起算基准并进行高精度控制测量定位网的数据处理,获得对应的起算基准传递结果和控制测量平差结果(方案A); 2)利用BDS-2 B1I/B3I双频数据的传递起算基准并进行高精度控制测量定位网的数据处理,获得对应的起算基准传递结果和控制测量平差结果(方案B); 3)利用BDS-3+BDS-2 B1I/B3I双频数据传递起算基准并进行高精度控制测量定位网的数据处理,获得对应的起算基准传递结果和控制测量平差结果(方案C); 4)利用GPS L1/L2双频数据传递起算基准并进行高精度控制测量定位网的数据处理,获得对应的起算基准传递结果和控制测量平差结果(方案D)。
从长基线解算精度和长基线坐标传递结果2个方面作比较分析。
首先,从内符合精度(基线向量各向中误差估值$\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{N}}、\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{E}}、\hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{U}} \text { 和} \hat{\sigma}_{\mathrm{L}}$)和外符合偏差(各方案与方案D的较差)分别对各方案的各基线向量中误差按时段均值处理后,进行长基线解算精度分析,获得长基线精度统计分析结果(表 1)。
由表 1可见,与方案D对应结果相比,方案A各基线向量在N/E/U/L方向中误差均值的较差为0.0/0.2/0.8/0.0 mm,方案B各基线向量在N/E/U/L方向中误差均值的较差为3.7/5.1/17.6/3.6 mm,方案C各基线向量在N/E/U/L方向中误差均值的较差为-0.3/-0.1/-0.3/-0.3 mm。说明方案A与方案C的长基线解算内符合精度基本相当,均优于方案B,尤其在U向上较为显著。主要原因在于: 1)方案B对应的BDS-2是服务于中国及亚太地区的区域卫星导航系统,其可见卫星数和卫星几何空间分布结构(GDOP)等性能较弱; 2)BDS-3是服务于全球范围的全球卫星导航系统,虽保留了与BDS-2相同的中心频率,但在信号生成方式上进行了优化(采用了更先进的多频恒包络复用技术),提高了信号抗干扰能力[14]。
其次,从国际地球参考框架网站查询3个IGS跟踪站ITRF2020(参考历元为2023年doy153)的三维坐标(WUH2:X= *0.232 1,Y= *4.488 1,Z= *4.356 5;ULAB: X= *9.085 4,Y= *4.319 8,Z= *2.540 6;GAMG: X= *8.054 1,Y= *9.750 7,Z= *9.173 5。其中,“ *”为省略数字)作为各方案的起算数据,并将DSK0作为坐标传递点,应用GNetAdj软件进行网平差处理,获得各方案的长基线坐标传递分析结果,主要包括坐标参数估值、验后单位权中误差估值、各方向中误差估值以及与方案D的较差(表 2)。
由表 2可见,与方案D对应结果相比,方案A在平面上存在3.9 mm、U向上存在-2.8 mm、点位上存在4.8 mm的较差,$\hat{\delta}_0^{\mathrm{A}}$=±1.35 cm; 方案B在平面上存在3.9 mm、U向上存在-10.9 mm、点位上存在11.6 mm的较差,$\hat{\delta}_0^{\mathrm{B}}$=±4.23 cm; 方案C在平面上存在4.5 mm、U向上存在-6.7 mm、点位上存在8.0 mm的较差,$\hat{\delta}_0^{\mathrm{C}}$=±1.66 cm。方案A和方案C在平面、U向和点位上仅存在mm级差异; 方案B在U向和点位上存在cm级差异,在平面上存在mm级差异。从验后单位权中误差估值、各向中误差估值和起算基准的各向较差可知,方案A、C传递起算基准的精度基本相同; 方案B传递起算基准的精度稍差,特别是U向[15]。
从验后标准化均方根误差(NRMS)、相位观测值精度、基线处理质量和点位平差结果比较4种方案的精度。
1) NRMS分析。采用码求解宽巷模糊度的LC解(即LC_AUTCLN)定位模式,通常认为NRMS小于0.5为合理值[11]。图 2给出4种方案在3个时段的NRMS统计分析结果。
由图 2可见,方案A的3个时段对应的NRMS值分别为0.16、0.16和0.16,方案B的3个时段对应的NRMS值分别为0.16、0.16和0.16,方案C的3个时段对应的NRMS值分别为0.15、0.15和0.15,方案D的3个时段对应的NRMS值分别为0.19、0.19和0.19。说明基线处理结果良好,满足高精度控制测量要求。
2) 相位观测值精度分析。相位观测值精度计算方法为[11]:
$\hat{\delta}_{\varphi}=\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{\sum\limits_{i=1}^m \sum\limits_{j=1}^{n_i-1} \nabla \Delta x_{i j}^2 / \sum\limits_{i=1}^m\left(n_i-1\right)}$
式中,$\hat{\delta}_{\varphi}$为相位观测值精度; $\nabla \Delta$xij2为双差相位观测值; i为观测历元; m为观测历元总数; j为观测卫星号; ni为第i个历元卫星数。表 3给出9个首级控制点2023年doy153-155的3个观测时段第1频点相位观测值的精度统计结果。
由表 3可见,方案A中BDS-3 B1I相位观测值平均精度为8 mm; 方案B中BDS-2 B1I相位观测值平均精度为7 mm; 方案C中BDS-3+BDS-2 B1I相位观测值平均精度为8 mm; 方案D中GPS L1相位观测值平均精度为7 mm。说明4种方案获得第1频点相位观测值精度基本相当且均在7~8 mm。
3) 基线处理质量分析。从外符合偏差(基线各分量较差)和内符合精度(基线解算总体精度、基线重复性)2个方面分别分析基线解算精度。
首先,从北分量(ΔN)、东分量(ΔE)、高程分量(ΔU)及长度分量(ΔL)分别对4种方案各时段作均值化处理,再进行基线各分量较差分析。表 4给出了4种方案中最长基线、近平均长度基线(与所有基线平均长度最为靠近的基线)和最短基线的基线各分量较差结果,与方案D相比,HHC0-TST0的方案A、B和C的ΔN为0.7 mm、-5.8 mm和0.1 mm,ΔE为0.0 mm、3.8 mm和-1.1 mm,ΔU为-2.5 mm、-10.5 mm和-3.5 mm,ΔL为0.5 mm、-1.3 mm和-0.7 mm; HHC0-TJF0的方案A、B和C的ΔN为-0.2 mm、-1.4 mm和0.0 mm,ΔE为0.8 mm、2.8 mm和-0.3 mm,ΔU为-7.3 mm、-7.8 mm和-5.8 mm,ΔL为0.8 mm、2.2 mm和-0.2 mm; LFZ0-TJF0的方案A、B和C的ΔN为-1.2 mm、0.8 mm和-0.7 mm,ΔE为0.7 mm、-0.1 mm和0.1 mm,ΔU为2.3 mm、-3.7 mm和1.9 mm,ΔL为-0.1 mm、0.3 mm和-0.3 mm。说明除方案B的最长基线在ΔU上存在cm级较差外,各方案在ΔN、ΔE、ΔU和ΔL上较差均为mm级。
其次,对4种方案各时段北向中误差估值$\hat{\sigma}$N、东向中误差估值$\hat{\sigma}$E、高程向中误差估值$\hat{\sigma}$U和长度向中误差估值$\hat{\sigma}$L作平均处理后再进行基线向量解算总体精度分析。图 3给出了4种方案中HHC0-TST0、HHC0-TJF0和LFZ0-TJF0的各分量精度较差的结果。由图 3可见,与方案D对应结果相比,方案A在各分量精度的较差均值为0.1~2.9 mm; 方案B在$\hat{\sigma}$N、$\hat{\sigma}$E、$\hat{\sigma}$L上的较差均值为1.8~3.4 mm,但在σU上的较差均值为1.0 mm; 方案C在各分量精度的较差均值为-0.1~1.0 mm。说明方案C的各分量精度与方案D基本相当,方案B略次于方案D(ΔσU尤为显著); 方案A在ΔσN、ΔσE、ΔσL上与方案D基本相当,但在ΔσU上略次于方案D。
4个方向4种方案各时段基线重复性结果见表 5。其中,方案A中RN、RE、RL在(0~5] mm占比均为100%,RU在(0~5] mm占比为36.1%、(5~10] mm占比为55.6%、(10~15] mm占比为8.3%、(15~25] mm占比为16.7%,对应Avg RN/Avg RE/Avg RU/Avg RL依次为1.5/1.3/6.2/1.2 mm; 方案B中RN、RE、RL在(0~5] mm占比均为100%,RU在(0~5] mm占比为19.4%、(5~10] mm占比为36.1%、(10~15] mm占比为33.3%、(15~25] mm占比为11.1%,对应Avg RN/Avg RE/Avg RU/Avg RL依次为2.1/1.8/9.6/1.7 mm; 方案C中RN、RE和RL在(0~5] mm占比均为100%,RU在(0~5] mm占比为75.0%、(5~10] mm占比为22.2%、(10~15] mm占比为2.8%,对应Avg RN/Avg RE/Avg RU/Avg RL依次为0.8/0.7/4.4/0.7 mm; 方案D中RN、RE、RU、RL在(0~5] mm占比均为100%,对应Avg RN/Avg RE/Avg RU/Avg RL依次为1.1/1.0/3.6/1.1 mm。说明方案A和方案C在RN、RE、RL、RU上与方案D基本相当,但在RU上次于方案D; 方案B在各向重复性上均次于方案D,且在RU上尤为显著。
需要指出的是,由于不同方案传递起算基准DSK0存在mm至cm级的点位差异,这种差异会对控制测量单基线解算模式产生微小影响[7-8],但本文采用的GAMIT是一种基于最小二乘网解的基线处理模式,且引入其网解起算坐标在各向上实施强约束为0.05/0.05/0.05 m,同时将待求点近似坐标在各向上实施弱约束为100/100/100 m的科研分析数据处理软件,不同方案传递起算基准存在mm至cm级的点位差异在控制测量基线处理中被最小二乘网解平差过程所吸收[16],进而对基线向量网解结果影响几乎为0[11]。
4) 控制点平差结果分析。分别将4种方案获得的起算基准DSK0点用于网平差起算点(其三维坐标见表 2),并将其余控制点设为待求点。利用GNetAdj软件处理网的三维无约束平差,得到良好点位精度的高斯投影(中央子午线为117°)坐标系下对应的点位结果。并将方案D对应的网平差结果作为参考值进行比较分析。表 6给出各方案的验后单位权中误差估值$\hat{\delta}_0$、控制点平差结果的较差和RMS精度统计结果。可以看出,与方案D对应结果相比,方案A在N向较差为-1.3~0.4 mm(RMSN为±0.8 mm)、E向较差为-1.2~1.2 mm(RMSE为±0.9 mm)、U向较差为-5.5~5.2 mm(RMSU为±3.6 mm)、平面较差为0.5~1.5 mm(RMS平面为±1.1 mm)、点位较差为1.4~5.6 mm(RMS点位为±3.8 mm); 方案B在N向较差为-7.6~1.6 mm(RMSN为±4.2 mm)、E向较差为-1.9~1.9 mm(RMSE为±1.2 mm)、U向较差为-23.9~6.1 mm(RMSU为±12.1 mm)、平面较差为0.6~7.8 mm(RMS平面为±4.4 mm)、点位较差为2.4~25.0 mm(RMS点位为±12.9 mm); 方案C在N向较差为-1.8~0.1 mm(RMSN为±1.0 mm)、E向较差为-0.6~0.5 mm(RMSE为±0.3 mm)、U向较差为-3.2~7.7 mm(RMSU为±3.5 mm)、平面较差为0.1~1.9 mm(RMS平面为±1.1 mm)、点位较差为0.4~7.8 mm(RMS点位为±3.7 mm)。说明与方案D对应结果相比,方案A、C在N向、E向、U向、平面和点位上较差均仅存在mm级差异,方案B在U向和点位上较差存在mm至cm级差异,仅在N向、E向和平面上存在mm级差异。从各方案的验后单位权中误差估值、控制点平差结果的点位各向较差及RMS精度统计分析可知,方案A、C测量精度基本相当,方案B测量精度次于方案A、C,尤其在U向更为明显。究其原因,是BDS-2卫星天线相位中心改正等误差补偿模型不完备[17-18]及BDS-2卫星精密轨道和钟差产品的精度略低[19]。
传统高精度控制测量中,起算基准主要依赖GPS信号的传递。本文提出一种国产化的传递方法,并建立了基于BDS传递起算基准的高精度控制测量模型。通过选择北京某工程9个首级控制点和中国及周边3个IGS跟踪站建立一种同时支持BDS-3+BDS-2、GPS双频数据的高精度测量控制定位网,选取2023年doy153-155连续观测的3个时段数据并设计4种方案进行数据处理,从起算基准传递结果和控制测量平差结果对比分析BDS-3/BDS-2和BDS-3+BDS-2高精度控制测量定位性能差异。获得以下结论: 1)相比GPS,BDS-3和BDS-3+BDS-2在N向、E向、U向、平面和点位上较差均仅存在mm级差异,BDS-2在U向和点位上较差存在mm至cm级差异,仅在N向、E向及平面上存在mm级差异; 2)BDS-3测量精度与BDS-3+BDS-2基本相当,但BDS-2测量精度次于BDS-3和BDS-3+BDS-2,其中在U向较为明显。实验证明,本文方法可为高精度控制测量应用提供一种安全自主可控的国产化北斗方案。需要指出的是,本文所采用的GAMIT软件主要是针对GPS系统中MEO卫星星座设计的科研分析工具。BDS中GEO、MEO和IGSO混合卫星星座的观测数据定权策略,将是下一阶段的重点研究内容。
  • 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司自主研究开发项目(KJL-EC-202405-025)
  • 2024年度北京市数字教育研究一般课题(BDEC2024YB130)
  • 教育部产学合作协同育人项目(230907551284228)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
王坚. 卫星定位原理与应用[M]. 北京: 测绘出版社, 2023
Wang Jian . Principles and Applications of Satellite Positioning[M]. Beijing: Surveying and Mapping Publishing House, 2023
2
李森, 周命端, 陈积旭. 北斗数据工程控制网应用实验及精度分析[J]. 测绘科学, 2019, 44 (9): 1- 6
Li Sen , Zhou Mingduan , Chen Jixu . Application Experiments and Accuracy Analysis of Beidou Data Engineering Control Network[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2019, 44 (9): 1- 6
3
王世君. 单BDS在复杂山区超长铁路隧道控制网测量中的数据质量及精度分析[J/OL]. 铁道标准设计, https://doi.org/10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202409090006, 2025-03-10
Wang Shijun. Data Quality and Accuracy Analysis of Single BDS in Control Network Measurement of Ultra-Long Railway Tunnel in Complex Mountainous Areas[J/OL]. Railway Standard Design, https://doi.org/10.13238/j.issn.1004-2954.202409090006, 2025-03-10
4
马森, 胡琦琦. 北斗系统在工程控制网中的应用实验与精度分析[J]. 测绘与空间地理信息, 2024, 47 (4): 77- 80
Ma Sen , Hu Qiqi . Application Experiment and Accuracy Analysis of Beidou System in Engineering Control Network[J]. Geomatics and Spatial Information Technology, 2024, 47 (4): 77- 80
5
周命端, 白岩松, 姬旭, 等. BDS-3+BDS-2双频数据高精度工程测量网应用试验及分析[J]. 测绘通报, 2024 (5): 60- 65
Zhou Mingduan , Bai Yansong , Ji Xu , et al. Application Experiment and Analysis of High-Precision Engineering Surveying Network for BDS-3+BDS-2 Dual-Frequency Data[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2024 (5): 60- 65
6
王春杨, 田时雨, 秘金钟, 等. GPS/BDS-3基线解算中海潮模型的影响分析[J]. 测绘科学, 2023, 48 (8): 34- 41
Wang Chunyang , Tian Shiyu , Bei Jinzhong , et al. Influence Analysis of Tide Model in GPS/BDS-3 Baseline Calculation[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2023, 48 (8): 34- 41
7
谢劭峰, 王新桥. 起算点精度对GPS基线解算质量的影响[J]. 海洋测绘, 2006, 26 (6): 22- 24
Xie Shaofeng , Wang Xinqiao . The Influence of the Starting Point's Precision on the Resolving Quality of GPS Baseline[J]. Hydrographic Surveying and Charting, 2006, 26 (6): 22- 24
8
梁洪宝, 吴向阳. 起算点坐标偏差对GPS基线解的影响分析研究[J]. 测绘科学, 2009, 34 (增2): 33- 34
Liang Hongbao , Wu Xiangyang . Analysis and Research on the Influence of Coordinate Deviation of Starting Point on GPS Baseline Solution[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2009, 34 (S2): 33- 34
9
周命端, 白岩松, 徐翔, 等. BDS-3/BDS-2及BDS-3+BDS-2中长基线控制测量定位性能分析[J]. 测绘科学, 2024, 49 (6): 19- 28
Zhou Mingduan , Bai Yansong , Xu Xiang , et al. Positioning Performance Analysis for Medium-Long Baseline Control Surveying of BDS-3/BDS-2 and BDS-3+BDS-2[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2024, 49 (6): 19- 28
10
Teunissen P J G , Jonge P J , Tiberius C C J M . The Least-Squares Ambiguity Decorrelation Adjustment: Its Performance on Short GPS Baselines and Short Observation Spans[J]. Journal of Geodesy, 1997, 71 (10): 589- 602 http://www.researchgate.net/profile/P_Teunissen/publication/226909388_The_least-squares_ambiguity_decorrelation_adjustment_Its_performance_on_short_GPS_baselines_and_short_observation_spans/links/00b49521ea13945fa0000000.pdf
11
Herring T A, King R W, Floyd M A. GAMIT Reference Manual, GPS Analysis at MIT[R]. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 2006
12
国家市场监督管理总局, 国家标准化管理委员会. 全球导航卫星系统: GB/T 18314—2024[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2024
State Administration for Market Regulation, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. Specifications for Survey and Measurement of Global Navigation Satellite System: GB/T 18314—2024[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2024
13
周命端. GNSS测量控制网基线评估与平差计算系统: 2016
SR171243[P]. 2016-07-07(Zhou Mingduan. The GNSS Survey Control Network Baseline Evaluation and Adjustment Computation System: 2016SR171243[P]. 2016-07-07
14
Qi Y H, Yao Z, Lu M Q. Accelerated SF-PPP Convergence of BDS-3 B1 Band by Wideband Signal Observations[C]. The 36th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation(ION GNSS+ 2023), Denver, 2023
15
周命端, 白岩松, 徐翔, 等. 北斗高精度位置基准长基线坐标传递应用试验及分析[J]. 测绘通报, 2025 (3): 1- 8
Zhou Mingduan , Bai Yansong , Xu Xiang , et al. Application Experiment and Analysis of Long-Baseline Coordinate Transfer for Beidou High-Precision Position Datum[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2025 (3): 1- 8
16
郭金运, 刘智敏, 赵春梅. 区域CORS网数据处理方法及应用[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2016
Guo Jinyun , Liu Zhimin , Zhao Chunmei . Data Processing Method and Applications of Regional CORS Network[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2016
17
张勤, 燕兴元, 黄观文, 等. 北斗卫星天线相位中心改正模型精化及对精密定轨和定位影响分析[J]. 测绘学报, 2020, 49 (9): 1101- 1111
Zhang Qin , Yan Xingyuan , Huang Guanwen , et al. Refinement of Beidou Satellite Antenna Phase Center Correction Model and Its Impact on Precision Orbit Determination and Positioning[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2020, 49 (9): 1101- 1111
18
耿江辉, 林吉航, 张启元, 等. 面向全频率非差模糊度固定的相位钟/相位偏差估计方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53 (12): 2254- 2267
Geng Jianghui , Lin Jihang , Zhang Qiyuan , et al. Phase Clock/Bias Estimation for GNSS All-Frequency Undifferenced Ambiguity Resolution[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2024, 53 (12): 2254- 2267
19
刘甄文, 陈裕汉, 李国柱, 等. BDS不同双频组合的GAMIT长基线解算精度分析[J]. 无线电工程, 2024, 54 (12): 2950- 2958
Liu Zhenwen , Chen Yuhan , Li Guozhu , et al. Analysis on GAMIT Long Baseline Solution Accuracy for Different Dual-Frequency Combinations of BDS[J]. Radio Engineering, 2024, 54 (12): 2950- 2958
2025年第45卷第8期
56
24
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.081
  • 接收时间:2025-03-13
  • 首发时间:2026-10-29
  • 出版时间:2025-08-15
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-13
基金
Independent Research and Development Project of Beijing Municipal Construction Group Co Ltd(KJL-EC-202405-025)
北京市政建设集团有限责任公司自主研究开发项目(KJL-EC-202405-025)
General Research Project on Digital Education in Beijing in 2024(BDEC2024YB130)
2024年度北京市数字教育研究一般课题(BDEC2024YB130)
University-Industry Collaborative Education Program of Ministry of Educaiton(230907551284228)
教育部产学合作协同育人项目(230907551284228)
作者信息
    1 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京市永源路15号,102616
    2 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司,北京市南礼士路17号,100089
    3 国网冀北电力有限公司,北京市枣林前街32号,100053
    4 北京市首都公路发展集团有限公司公路资产管理分公司,北京市京哈高速田家府服务区,101149
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/CN/10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.081
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏