Article(id=1322506371858285371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1322506263716541212, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14075/j.jgg.2024.10.465, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1728403200000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793239690031, onlineDateStr=2026-10-29, pubDate=1757865600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793239690031, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793239690031, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793239690031, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322506263716541212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, year='2025', volume='45', issue='9', pageStart='881', pageEnd='990', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1757865600000', pubDateStr='2025-09-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793239664248, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793239664248, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=888, endPage=893, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322506372021863228, articleId=1322506371858285371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=EN, title=An Improved Method of GPT3 by Integrating a Global Temperature Lapse Rate Grid Model, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
With the widespread use of GNSS on civil aviation and UAV platforms, scenarios with large elevation differences are increasingly emerging, which puts higher demands on the accuracy of vertical corrections for tropospheric delays. As the most advanced ZTD model currently available, GPT3 has limitations in its vertical corrections for temperature and pressure, making it only suitable for near-surface applications. To address this issue, this paper proposes an improved method of GPT3 by integrating a global temperature lapse rate grid model and a multi-variable atmospheric pressure-altitude formula, constructing the IGPT3 model, and evaluating its adaptability. The results show that compared with UNB3 and GPT3, IGPT3 has improved accuracy by 25.0%, 18.2%, 16.1%, and 72.2%, 50.0%, 69.9% in predicting temperature lapse rate, temperature profile, and pressure profile, respectively. Moreover, the precision improvements in predicting ZHD and ZTD profiles using IGPT3 reached 29.3 mm and 29.0 mm, respectively. Furthermore, the precision of GNSS water vapor inversion at most IGS stations was improved with the use of IGPT3, with the maximum improvement reaching 3.07 mm.
, authors=Ming'ang NIU
1, authorsList=Ming'ang NIU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=
NIU Ming'ang, engineer, majors in photogrammetry and GNSS navigation and positioning, E-mail: 18797396784@163.com
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All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322506373397594955, articleId=1322506371858285371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=CN, title=一种融合全球温度直减率网格模型的GPT3改进方法, columnId=1322506169105633839, journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, columnName=现代大地测量, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
随着GNSS在民航和无人机平台上的广泛应用,大高差应用场景不断涌现,对对流层延迟垂直修正精度提出了更高的要求。GPT3是目前最先进的ZTD模型,但其对温度和气压的垂直修正存在不足,仅适用于近地表。针对这一问题,提出融合全球温度直减率网格模型和多元大气压高公式的GPT3改进方法,构建IGPT3模型,并对其适应性进行评价。结果表明,与UNB3和GPT3相比,在预测温度直减率、温度廓线、气压廓线3个方面,IGPT3精度分别提高25.0%、18.2%、16.1%和72.2%、50.0%、69.9%。另外,相较于GPT3,IGPT3预测ZHD和ZTD廓线的精度改善量分别达到了29.3 mm和29.0 mm;而且采用IGPT3后,多数IGS站点上的GNSS水汽反演精度得到改善,最大改善量达3.07 mm。
, authors=牛明昂
1, authorsList=牛明昂, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=
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版权所有,未经授权,不得转载。, copyrightOwner=大地测量与地球动力学编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=WCLuI5PgQKl8SNUZK1m9hg==, magXml=zhVZ672qSvwgg+hA9MegVQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=PH+U3gdAoBpUIfJgcqK/jQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=12jSNVhpSjYod+Rui+4k2w==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322506373712167760, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=18797396784@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506373800248146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, authorId=1322506373712167760, language=EN, stringName=Ming'ang NIU, firstName=Ming'ang, middleName=null, lastName=NIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
1, address=1 Henan Zhilian Spatiotemporal Information Technology Co Ltd, 15 Jingsan Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China, bio={"content":"
NIU Ming'ang, engineer, majors in photogrammetry and GNSS navigation and positioning, E-mail: 18797396784@163.com
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NIU Ming'ang, engineer, majors in photogrammetry and GNSS navigation and positioning, E-mail: 18797396784@163.com
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1, address=1 河南智联时空信息科技有限公司,郑州市经三路15号,450000, bio={"content":"
牛明昂,工程师,主要研究方向为摄影测量与GNSS导航定位,E-mail:18797396784@163.com
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牛明昂,工程师,主要研究方向为摄影测量与GNSS导航定位,E-mail:18797396784@163.com
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Global distribution of annual mean temperature lapse rate, figureFileSmall=OvFVmxq2BWaPvjhXcO6etw==, figureFileBig=PH+U3gdAoBpUIfJgcqK/jQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506376409105245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
温度直减率年均值的全球分布, figureFileSmall=OvFVmxq2BWaPvjhXcO6etw==, figureFileBig=PH+U3gdAoBpUIfJgcqK/jQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506376627209054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=
Temporal variation characteristics of temperature lapse rates across different temperature zones, figureFileSmall=eGfiq2h3Z7q4T8RN3MFQdg==, figureFileBig=ciBs0ex4a/PIV4lYmFJ7+w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506376832729951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
温度直减率在不同温度带中的时间变化特征, figureFileSmall=eGfiq2h3Z7q4T8RN3MFQdg==, figureFileBig=ciBs0ex4a/PIV4lYmFJ7+w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506376920810336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=
Global distribution of bias and RMSE values for TLRG, UNB3, and GPT3 models in predicting temperature lapse rates, figureFileSmall=SCL0Dn4R/fYdL1DAyK3lWA==, figureFileBig=EyISVCdLBRHeYqKL3IDa8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506377008890721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
TLRG、UNB3和GPT3模型估计温度直减率的bias和RMSE值的全球分布, figureFileSmall=SCL0Dn4R/fYdL1DAyK3lWA==, figureFileBig=EyISVCdLBRHeYqKL3IDa8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506377315074914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
Vertical distribution of bias and RMSE values for TLRG, UNB3, and GPT3 models in predicting temperature and pressure profiles, figureFileSmall=4+cbsXZ9AHDgjWR7HlPZEQ==, figureFileBig=RzGx0tfs3Z8J45xVPfe3/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506377692562275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
TLRG、UNB3和GPT3模型预测温度和气压廓线的bias和RMSE的垂直分布, figureFileSmall=4+cbsXZ9AHDgjWR7HlPZEQ==, figureFileBig=RzGx0tfs3Z8J45xVPfe3/A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506377759671140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=
Vertical distribution of bias and RMSE for IGPT3 and GPT3 models in predicting temperature and pressure profiles, figureFileSmall=Kc4+JKSOcAKVkNOv/6RkfA==, figureFileBig=Jl6IXljyfZuXmzq2qXgBpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506377851945829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
IGPT3和GPT3模型预测温度和气压剖面的bias和RMSE的垂直分布, figureFileSmall=Kc4+JKSOcAKVkNOv/6RkfA==, figureFileBig=Jl6IXljyfZuXmzq2qXgBpg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506378078438246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=
Vertical distribution of bias and RMSE for IGPT3 and GPT3 models in predicting ZHD and ZTD profiles, figureFileSmall=g0MIDl9CxyX5Y7LzMwqXHQ==, figureFileBig=T4nzWGAojFOZGHXce/FV5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506378149741415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
IGPT3和GPT3模型预测ZHD和ZTD剖面的bias和RMSE的垂直分布, figureFileSmall=g0MIDl9CxyX5Y7LzMwqXHQ==, figureFileBig=T4nzWGAojFOZGHXce/FV5A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506378225238888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=
Distributions of bias differences and RMSE differences in ZHD and PWV predictions by IGPT3 versus GPT3 with elevation differences at IGS stations, figureFileSmall=lw2fN6bYnAoPS8qz2pdmxw==, figureFileBig=LKRhbye9U4DYx+7k/0vlAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506378372039529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
IGS站点上IGPT3与GPT3预测ZHD和PWV的bias差和RMSE差随高差的分布, figureFileSmall=lw2fN6bYnAoPS8qz2pdmxw==, figureFileBig=LKRhbye9U4DYx+7k/0vlAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322506378510451562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=
Accuracy statistics of ZHD predictions by IGPT3 and GPT3 and their application in PWV inversion at IGS stations
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 模型 | biasZHD/mm | RMSEZHD/mm | biasPWV/mm | RMSEPWV/mm |
| IGPT3 | 5.4 | 16.3 | -0.98 | 2.57 |
| GPT3 | 5.9 | 16.7 | -1.05 | 2.61 |
), ArticleFig(id=1322506378581754731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506371858285371, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
IGS站点上IGPT3和GPT3预测ZHD及其用于PWV反演的精度统计
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 模型 | biasZHD/mm | RMSEZHD/mm | biasPWV/mm | RMSEPWV/mm |
| IGPT3 | 5.4 | 16.3 | -0.98 | 2.57 |
| GPT3 | 5.9 | 16.7 | -1.05 | 2.61 |
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