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Article(id=1322506717984837698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1322506567065383670, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14075/j.jgg.2024.07.342, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1720972800000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-15, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793239772554, onlineDateStr=2026-10-29, pubDate=1752508800000, pubDateStr=2025-07-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793239772554, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-29, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793239772554, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793239772554, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322506567065383670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, year='2025', volume='45', issue='7', pageStart='661', pageEnd='770', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1752508800000', pubDateStr='2025-07-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793239736572, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793239736572, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=676, endPage=680, 711, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322506718211330115, articleId=1322506717984837698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=EN, title=Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of the Focal Mechanism Consistency in Zhangjiakou-Bohai Seismic Belt, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Inverting the focal mechanism solutions of 708 earthquakes with ML≥2.0 from January 2009 to February 2023 along the Zhangjiakou-Bohai seismic zone(ZBSZ), we obtained the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of focal mechanism consistency and the principal stress axes azimuths in this region. By integrating the groundwater level data from Majiagou mine in Tangshan, we analyzed the stress state of the study area. The results indicate that the azimuths of principal stress axes in the western and central sections of ZBSZ have been showing opposite change trends since 1978, while the azimuth in eastern sections has been increasing from 1966 to 2009 and slightly decreasing thereafter. Most of ML≥4.0 earthquakes in ZBSZ are located in areas with low stress tensor variance. Approximately 70% of ML≥3.0 earthquakes in the eastern sections of ZBSZ show a decrease in pre-shock misfit values, and stress enhancement phenomena occurred before several ML≥4.0 earthquakes around the Majiagou mine.

, authors=Xudong MA1, 2, Xiang WANG1, 2, Yi ZHOU1, 2, Dong MA1, 2, authorsList=Xudong MA, Xiang WANG, Yi ZHOU, Dong MA, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

MA Xudong, engineer, majors in seismometry, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322506721780682834, articleId=1322506717984837698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=CN, title=张家口-渤海地震带震源机制一致性时空特征, columnId=1322506193558422163, journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, columnName=地震地质, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

利用张家口-渤海地震带2009-01—2023-02的708个ML≥2.0地震震源机制解资料进行反演，得到该区域震源机制一致性时空分布特征和主应力轴方位角；结合唐山马家沟矿井水位资料，分析该区域应力状态。结果表明，张家口-渤海地震带西段与中段主应力轴方位角自1978年以来一直呈现相反变化趋势，东段主应力轴方位角在1966—2009年一直呈现增大的变化趋势，2009年之后略有减小；张家口-渤海地震带ML≥4.0地震大多位于应力张量方差低值区；张家口-渤海地震带东段约70%的ML≥3.0地震的震前misfit值下降，马家沟矿井周边几次ML≥4.0地震前都发生应力增强现象。

, authors=马旭东1, 2, 王想1, 2, 周依1, 2, 马栋1, 2, authorsList=马旭东, 王想, 周依, 马栋, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

马旭东，工程师，主要从事测震学研究，E-mail：。

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有，未经授权，不得转载。, copyrightOwner=大地测量与地球动力学编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=ZPX5BsrNXwYZQrxRDM7x8g==, magXml=NQaaKPv6pGvAU/TiBKvrMA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=ItQleA2nB6TvHK9N8KQQTg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=7nCeccY9SUGloVnUFLqD4g==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322506722216890458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506717984837698, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=ma.xudong@hotmail.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322506722300776541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506717984837698, authorId=1322506722216890458, language=EN, stringName=Xudong MA, firstName=Xudong, middleName=null, lastName=MA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1 Hebei Hongshan National Observatory on Thick Sediments and Seismic Hazards, 1540 West-Quanbei Street, Xingtai 054000, China
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马旭东，工程师，主要从事测震学研究，E-mail：。

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rfOrder=32, authorNames=Shi Z M, Wang G C, journalName=Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shi Z M,Wang G C.Hydrological Response to Multiple Large Distant Earthquakes in the Mile Well, China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface,2014,119(11):2448-2459, articleTitle=Hydrological Response to Multiple Large Distant Earthquakes in the Mile Well, China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506735584137396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506717984837698, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=31, issue=2, pageStart=42, pageEnd=49, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=33, authorNames=孙小龙, 刘耀炜, 晏锐, journalName=地震, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙小龙,刘耀炜,晏锐.利用水位资料反演华北地区构造应力场变化[J].地震,2011,31(2):42-49, articleTitle=利用水位资料反演华北地区构造应力场变化, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322506735839989941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, 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F1 : 阳原盆地北缘断裂; F2: 壶流河断裂; F3 : 孙庄子-乌龙沟断裂; F4: 涞源盆地南缘断裂; F5 : 洗马林断裂; F6 : 怀安盆地南缘断裂; F7: 海河断裂; F8: 延矾盆地北缘断裂; F9 : 六棱山北麓断裂; F10: 顺义-良乡断裂; F11 : 夏垫断裂; F12: 桑干河断裂; F13 : 宣化盆地南缘断裂; F14: 怀安盆地北缘断裂; F15 : 张家口断裂; F16 : 蓟运河断裂; F17: 大满-前黑砂土断裂; F18: 卢龙-滦县断裂; F19 : 唐山断裂带; F20: 徐水南断裂; F21 : 北坞断裂; F22: 蔚广盆地南缘断裂; F23 : 保定-石家庄断裂; F24: 滦县西断裂; F25 : 牛东断裂; F26 : 汉沽断裂; F27: 黄庄-高丽营断裂

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Statistics of focal mechanism solution types in the study area

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
震级正断型逆冲型走滑型不确定型合计
2.0≤ML≤2.91715729126545
3.0≤ML≤3.944127610142
4.0≤ML5312121
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研究区震源机制解类型统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
震级正断型逆冲型走滑型不确定型合计
2.0≤ML≤2.91715729126545
3.0≤ML≤3.944127610142
4.0≤ML5312121
), ArticleFig(id=1322506727988252811, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506717984837698, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Principal stress axis azimuths at different period in ZBSZ

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时间西段方位角/(°)中段位角/(°)东段位角/(°)
1966—1978年[12]756660
1978—1998年[13]637871
1998—2005年[13]746985
2002—2009年[11]756288
2009—2023年(本文)76.184.582.3
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张渤带各段不同时间主应力轴方位角

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时间西段方位角/(°)中段位角/(°)东段位角/(°)
1966—1978年[12]756660
1978—1998年[13]637871
1998—2005年[13]746985
2002—2009年[11]756288
2009—2023年(本文)76.184.582.3
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张家口-渤海地震带震源机制一致性时空特征
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马旭东 1, 2 , 王想 1, 2 , 周依 1, 2 , 马栋 1, 2
大地测量与地球动力学 | 地震地质 2025,45(7): 676-680, 711
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大地测量与地球动力学 |地震地质 2025 , 45 (7) : 676 -680, 711
张家口-渤海地震带震源机制一致性时空特征
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2 河北省地震局, 石家庄市槐中路262号, 050021, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322506722023952467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506717984837698, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506722032341076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506717984837698, companyId=1322506722023952467, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Hebei Hongshan National Observatory on Thick Sediments and Seismic Hazards, 1540 West-Quanbei Street, Xingtai 054000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506722036535381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506717984837698, companyId=1322506722023952467, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 河北红山巨厚沉积与地震灾害国家野外科学观测研究站, 河北省邢台市泉北西大街1540号, 054000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1322506722107838550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506717984837698, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506722120421463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506717984837698, companyId=1322506722107838550, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 Hebei Earthquake Agency, 262 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322506722124615768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322506717984837698, companyId=1322506722107838550, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2 河北省地震局, 石家庄市槐中路262号, 050021)])])]
马旭东1, 2 , 王想1, 2, 周依1, 2, 马栋1, 2
作者信息
  • 1 河北红山巨厚沉积与地震灾害国家野外科学观测研究站, 河北省邢台市泉北西大街1540号, 054000
  • 2 河北省地震局, 石家庄市槐中路262号, 050021
作者简介:

马旭东，工程师，主要从事测震学研究，E-mail：。

Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of the Focal Mechanism Consistency in Zhangjiakou-Bohai Seismic Belt
Xudong MA1, 2 , Xiang WANG1, 2, Yi ZHOU1, 2, Dong MA1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1 Hebei Hongshan National Observatory on Thick Sediments and Seismic Hazards, 1540 West-Quanbei Street, Xingtai 054000, China
  • 2 Hebei Earthquake Agency, 262 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang 050021, China

    • MA Xudong, engineer, majors in seismometry, E-mail:

出版时间: 2025-07-15 doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.07.342
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摘要
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利用张家口-渤海地震带2009-01—2023-02的708个ML≥2.0地震震源机制解资料进行反演，得到该区域震源机制一致性时空分布特征和主应力轴方位角；结合唐山马家沟矿井水位资料，分析该区域应力状态。结果表明，张家口-渤海地震带西段与中段主应力轴方位角自1978年以来一直呈现相反变化趋势，东段主应力轴方位角在1966—2009年一直呈现增大的变化趋势，2009年之后略有减小；张家口-渤海地震带ML≥4.0地震大多位于应力张量方差低值区；张家口-渤海地震带东段约70%的ML≥3.0地震的震前misfit值下降，马家沟矿井周边几次ML≥4.0地震前都发生应力增强现象。

张家口-渤海地震带  /  震源机制  /  应力场  /  应力张量方差  /  垂向应力

Inverting the focal mechanism solutions of 708 earthquakes with ML≥2.0 from January 2009 to February 2023 along the Zhangjiakou-Bohai seismic zone(ZBSZ), we obtained the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of focal mechanism consistency and the principal stress axes azimuths in this region. By integrating the groundwater level data from Majiagou mine in Tangshan, we analyzed the stress state of the study area. The results indicate that the azimuths of principal stress axes in the western and central sections of ZBSZ have been showing opposite change trends since 1978, while the azimuth in eastern sections has been increasing from 1966 to 2009 and slightly decreasing thereafter. Most of ML≥4.0 earthquakes in ZBSZ are located in areas with low stress tensor variance. Approximately 70% of ML≥3.0 earthquakes in the eastern sections of ZBSZ show a decrease in pre-shock misfit values, and stress enhancement phenomena occurred before several ML≥4.0 earthquakes around the Majiagou mine.

Zhangjiakou-Bohai seismic zone  /  focal mechanism  /  stress field  /  stress tensor variance  /  vertical stress
马旭东, 王想, 周依, 马栋. 张家口-渤海地震带震源机制一致性时空特征. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2025 , 45 (7) : 676 -680, 711 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.07.342
Xudong MA, Xiang WANG, Yi ZHOU, Dong MA. Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of the Focal Mechanism Consistency in Zhangjiakou-Bohai Seismic Belt[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2025 , 45 (7) : 676 -680, 711 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.07.342
正文
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张家口-渤海地震带(简称张渤带)由近20条NW至NWW向断裂组合而成，具有左旋走滑性质，自西向东与山西断陷带北段、唐山断裂等NNE至NE向构造带交会，形成NW向和NE向的共轭断裂(图 1)。唐山地区在唐山-古冶断裂东侧有一个NNE向的高倾角小震密集带[1]，小震密集带附近存在数条平行的分支隐伏断裂[2-4]。
震源机制解是研究区域构造应力场的基础资料[5-8]。本文利用Michael[5]提出的方法，使用ZMAP程序反演张渤带应力场，得到该区域应力主轴球面投影、震源机制一致性参数空间分布和张渤带东段misfit值时序变化。为更好地反映张渤带应力场变化情况，利用唐山马家沟矿井水位变化量，求得该井垂向应力变化曲线。
1 数据资料
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利用张渤带(113.5°~119.4°E，39.0°~41.3°N) 2009-01—2023-02的708个ML≥2.0地震震源机制解资料进行反演。其中，ML2.0~2.9地震545个，ML3.0~3.9地震142个，ML≥4.0地震21个(表 1)。采用CAP波形反演方法得到MS≥3.0地震震源机制解结果，其余地震震源机制解结果采用P波初动方法得到。
2 计算方法
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计算震源机制一致性参数时，需要先计算区域平均应力场。Gephart等[9]提出在进行区域应力场反演时，先用格点法搜寻相对应力大小R值，表达式为:
$R=\frac{S_2-S_1}{S_2-S_1}=-\frac{\beta_{13} \times \beta_{23}}{\beta_{12} \times \beta_3}$
式中，S1、S2、S3分别为最大、中等和最小主应力轴；βij为直角坐标下两个矢量集的余弦夹角，一个与主应力方向有关，另一个与断层面参数有关。为避免出现τi和ui夹角接近180°的解，还需要考虑：
$\boldsymbol{u}_i \cdot \boldsymbol{\tau}_i>0$
式中，ui为断层面上的滑动矢量；τi为断层面上的剪切应力。
对每个震源机制节面作围绕3个轴的旋转，这3个轴分别与n、u × n和u的方向平行，其中n为断层面的法向单位矢量，每次旋转都使u和理论上的τ最终达到方向一致，选取3个旋转轴中转角最小的作为结果。两个节面中旋转角较小且满足式(2)的节面被认为是断层破裂面。对所有地震旋转角求和，以旋转角之和最小对应的应力张量方差作为区域平均应力场。
在确定区域平均应力场模型之后，可以得到每个已知断层面上的理论滑动角，理论滑动角与实际地震破裂滑动角之间的夹角即为misfit值。计算研究区内所有misfit值的标准方差(variance)，就可以得到该区域的震源机制一致性参数。
3 计算结果
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3.1 张渤带应力场分布结果
利用ZMAP程序反演张渤带应力场，将该区域按照0.2°×0.2°进行网格化，选取每个网格点及其周围10个地震的震源机制解进行反演。为细化研究，按照震源机制解类型和最大主应力方向[10]，将张渤带分为东段、中段和西段3段进行讨论。其中西段为张家口至怀来，包含怀安-张家口-宣化山间断陷盆地、延怀盆地和蔚广盆地等；中段为平原区，以北京地区为主，包含新夏垫深断裂、二十里长山断裂和赵河沟断裂等断裂；东段为天津至渤海岸，包含一系列NE向和NEE向断裂。计算出每段的应力主轴球面投影，并分析主应力方位(图 2)。
3.2 张渤带震源机制一致性参数空间分布结果
利用ZMAP程序将张渤带按照0.2°×0.2°进行网格化，选取每个网格点及其周围10个地震的震源机制解进行反演，得到张渤带震源机制一致性参数空间分布，使用应力张量方差来表述应力场的均匀性(图 3)。当应力张量方差较低时，应力水平较高；反之，当应力张量方差较高时，应力水平较低。
可以看出，2009年以来张渤带ML≥4.0地震大多位于应力张量方差数值较低区域或其附近。张渤带西段存在较大面积的应力张量方差低值区，且张渤带应力张量方差最低值(0.008)位于该区，表明该区应力水平较高，西段发生的5次ML≥4.0地震大多发生在应力张量方差低值区。张渤带中段2009年以来发生过3次ML≥4.0地震，震中均位于应力张量方差较低区域，应力张量方差为0.12~0.19。张渤带东段是2009年以来发生ML≥4.0地震最多的区域，约半数以上地震震中区域应力张量方差小于0.1。
3.3 张渤带东段震源机制一致性参数时序结果
本文以10个地震作为窗长、3个地震作为步长进行滑动，计算应力张量方差随时间的变化关系。图 4为古冶ML5.4地震前后，张渤带东段应力张量方差随时间变化曲线及该区ML≥3.0地震的M-T图。从图中可以看出，misfit值最大降幅出现在2019-01-01—06-17，从60.18°下降至15.30°，下降过程中连续发生3次ML≥3.0地震。之后，misfit值总体呈缓慢上升趋势，上升过程中最高值为56.88°，出现在2021-05-27。misfit值在2 a左右的上升趋势中，张渤带东段共发生6次ML≥3.0地震，其中在4次地震前misfit值出现小幅转折下降。
4 讨论
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4.1 张渤带应力场变化
张渤带构造应力场方向总体上呈现顺时针旋转趋势，自西向东以NE-NEE向为主，但局部地区主应力方向存在错乱，与以往研究结果较为一致[11]。本次计算得到张渤带西段主应力轴方位角为76.1°，中段主应力轴方位角为-95.5°，东段主应力轴方位角为82.3°。
本次计算结果由ZMAP程序计算得到，为方便与前人结果进行比较，将张渤带中段主应力轴方位角结果换算到第一象限，则中段主应力轴方位角为84.5°。许忠淮等[12]利用1966—1978年的小震资料计算出张渤带各段主应力轴方位角；张红艳等[13]计算出1978—2005年张渤带各段主应力轴方位角，并以1998年张北地震为界，分别计算1978—1998年、1998—2005年张渤带各段主应力轴方位角；武敏捷等[11]计算出2002—2009年各段主应力轴方位角，具体结果见表 2。
从表 2可以看出，张渤带西段与中段主应力轴方位角变化趋势呈现相反状态，当西段方位角减小时，中段会呈现增大的变化趋势；当西段方位角增大时，中段会呈现减小的变化趋势。东段主应力轴方位角在1966—2009年一直呈现增大的变化趋势，2009年之后略有减小。
张渤带各段表现出不同特征，可能与其较复杂的构造有关。张渤带西段发育有31个正断层和49个走滑断层，分布较为散乱[14]，这是由于山西断陷带右旋走滑在NE端形成一个构造区[15]，该区中小地震震源机制解类型以正断型和走滑型为主[16]。发生在张渤带中段的2018年永清地震与2006年文安地震都是带有正断分量的走滑地震，均发生于一条大型右旋走滑断裂，即新夏垫深断裂[17]。张渤带东段NW向断裂与NEE向断裂交错，震源机制解类型主要为走滑型和正断兼走滑型[18]。
4.2 张渤带东段地震与应力场关系
2009年以来，张渤带发生的最大地震为2020年古冶ML5.4地震，此前该区5级地震平静期已持续近20 a。为进一步分析张渤带内地震与应力张量方差的关系，本文反演古冶ML5.4地震前后张渤带东段最大主应力分布(图 5)。将张渤带东段按照0.1°×0.1°进行网格化，选取每个网格点及其周围10个地震的震源机制解进行反演。从图 5可以看出，张渤带东段最大主应力方向为NEE向，整体符合张渤带构造应力场方向自西北端向东南端顺时针旋转的特性。古冶ML5.4地震发生前，震中附近区域最大主应力方向一致性较高，应力水平较高；地震发生后，震中附近区域应力场出现紊乱，应力水平有所降低。2020-07-12—2023-02-18张渤带东段天津地区最大主应力方向一致性较高，可能是因为该时段内天津地区地震频次较少且未发生过ML≥4.0地震，因此计算结果可能存在误差。
Xue等[19]利用水位固体潮响应特征反演2008年汶川8.0级地震破裂带的渗透率变化，发现其渗透率值在多次远场地震后均有所增大。Shi等[20]通过分析弥勒井水位响应特征，发现含水层参数的变化源于裂隙疏通引起的渗透率变化。因此，可利用包含气压效应和潮汐效应的剩余水位以及校正后的气压得到气压系数和潮汐参数，然后动态反演含水层水文地质参数，从而推算区域应力变化情况。
在水平层状含水层(一维)模式下，承压井含水层部分水文地质参数、井水位变化量与含水层垂向应力变化量之间具有定量关系，井孔含水层垂向应力变化量(Δσz)能在一定程度上反映该区域的构造活动性[21]。本文使用唐山马家沟矿井垂向应力数据作为辅助，与震源机制解反演结果进行对比。
唐山马家沟矿井位于张渤带东段，2016年至今距离唐山马家沟矿井100 km内发生过5次ML≥4.0地震。因此，利用2016—2021年唐山马家沟矿井流体数据资料，反演得出该井2016—2021年垂向应力变化曲线(图 6)，得到该地区垂向应力场变化情况。图 6显示，5次ML≥4.0地震前半年内，该井均出现应力增强现象，说明该地区地震受到应力场影响，与本文应力张量方差反演结果吻合。
上述5次地震震源机制解结果为走滑型2次、正断型2次、逆冲型1次(图 7)，主压应力方向为NEE-SEE，与本文计算的该地区构造应力场主压应力方向为NE向较为吻合。马家沟矿井位于2016年开平ML4.6和2020年古冶ML5.4地震的发震断层唐山-古冶断裂上，因此该井水位变化反演结果可以反映断裂带应力累积变化过程，表现为在地震孕育过程的不同阶段，出现水位上升、下降、转折等异常变化。
5 结语
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本文基于张渤带2009-01—2023-02的708个ML≥2.0地震震源机制解资料，研究该区域震源机制一致性，得到震源机制一致性参数的空间分布和东段misfit值时序变化曲线，并分析区域应力状态。主要认识如下：
1) 本次反演获得的张渤带应力场方向与早期研究结果类似，最大主应力方向自西向东以NE-NEE向为主，目前张渤带西段主应力轴方位角为76.1°，中段主应力轴方位角为-95.5°，东段主应力轴方位角为82.3°，张渤带构造应力场方向从西北端向东南端呈现顺时针旋转趋势。张渤带西段与中段主应力轴方位角变化趋势呈现相反状态，东段主应力轴方位角在1966—2009年一直呈现增大的变化趋势，2009年之后略有减小。
2) 古冶ML5.4地震发生前，震中附近区域最大主应力方向一致性较高，应力场均匀，应力水平较高，地震发生后，震中附近区域应力场出现紊乱。古冶ML5.4地震前后，张渤带东段发生的多数ML≥3.0地震前都出现misfit值下降的情况，说明地震发生时区域应力增强。马家沟矿井井水位变化反演结果与震源机制解反演结果一致，马家沟矿井周边几次ML≥4.0地震前都发生应力增强现象，说明这些地震受应力场的影响。
3) 张渤带东、西两段都存在较大面积的应力张量方差低值区域，主要集中在张北和唐山两个老震区附近，中段应力张量方差低值区面积较小。2009年以来，张渤带约70%的ML≥4.0地震震中位于应力张量方差小于0.2的区域，其中2019年怀安ML4.1地震震中区域应力张量方差为0.008，2021年滦州ML4.8地震震中区域应力张量方差为0.04。
基金
收起
  • 河北省地震科技星火计划(DZ2024112400002)
  • 河北省地震科技星火计划(DZ2023120800016)
  • 河北省地震科技星火计划(DZ2024111400001)
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2025年第45卷第7期
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doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.07.342
  • 接收时间：2024-07-15
  • 首发时间：2026-10-29
  • 出版时间：2025-07-15
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  • 收稿日期：2024-07-15
基金
The Spark Program of Earthquake Technology of Hebei Province(DZ2024112400002)
河北省地震科技星火计划(DZ2024112400002)
The Spark Program of Earthquake Technology of Hebei Province(DZ2023120800016)
河北省地震科技星火计划(DZ2023120800016)
The Spark Program of Earthquake Technology of Hebei Province(DZ2024111400001)
河北省地震科技星火计划(DZ2024111400001)
作者信息
    1 河北红山巨厚沉积与地震灾害国家野外科学观测研究站, 河北省邢台市泉北西大街1540号, 054000
    2 河北省地震局, 石家庄市槐中路262号, 050021
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