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Article(id=1322940976922231283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1322940829001724376, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14075/j.jgg.2024.06.279, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1718208000000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793343307953, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1747238400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793343307953, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793343307953, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793343307953, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322940829001724376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, year='2025', volume='45', issue='5', pageStart='441', pageEnd='550', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1747238400000', pubDateStr='2025-05-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793343272686, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793343272686, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=464, endPage=469, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322940977098392054, articleId=1322940976922231283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=EN, title=Analysis of Gravity Changes before the M4 Earthquakes in Hebei Area, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Based on the mobile gravity data from Hebei province and its neighboring areas, we select the 2016-06-23 Shangyi MS4.0, 2017-09-04 Lincheng MS3.7, 2018-02-12 Yongqing MS4.3, and 2019-12-05 Fengnan MS4.5 earthquakes to analyze dynamic changes of gravity field. Combining with geological structure information, we investigate the relationship between seismicity and gravity changes. The results show that: 1) For earthquakes of approximately M4, significant pre-seismic changes of gravity field are observed, with notable positive and negative anomaly high-value areas and high-gradient zones, suggesting potential precursor information. 2) Earthquakes tend to occur near fault. The direction of contour lines of high-gradient zones of gravity field is mostly consistent with the orientations of major active fault in the region, indicating a close relationship between earthquakes occurrence, gravity changes, and fault structures. 3) The physical parameters of subsurface media are important for earthquake occurrence. Therefore, it is essential to integrate other disciplines for comprehensive assessments when conducting earthquake prediction.

, authors=Yahui YANG1, Nali ZHANG1, Hongliang LIU1, Zhanwei ZHANG1, Shulin ZAN1, authorsList=Yahui YANG, Nali ZHANG, Hongliang LIU, Zhanwei ZHANG, Shulin ZAN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

YANG Yahui, engineer, majorsin mobile gravity observationtechnology, E-mail: .

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322940981498216978, articleId=1322940976922231283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=CN, title=河北地区M4震前流动重力异常分析, columnId=1322506193558422163, journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, columnName=地震地质, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

基于河北省及邻区流动重力复测资料, 选取2016-06-23尚义MS4.0、2017-09-04临城MS3.7、2018-02-12永清MS4.3以及2019-12-05丰南MS4.5地震, 分析震前重力场动态变化特征, 并结合地质构造情况, 研究地震孕育与重力变化的关系。结果表明: 1)对于M4左右的地震, 重力场震前变化明显, 震中及附近区域均存在显著重力正负异常高值区及伴生的高梯度带, 推测为地震前兆信息; 2)地震多发在断裂带附近, 重力场高梯度带等值线方向多与该区域主要活动断裂走向一致, 说明地震的孕育发生、重力变化及断裂构造三者关系密切; 3)地下介质物理参数对于地震的孕育与发生过程至关重要, 因此, 在进行地震预测预报工作时, 应结合其他学科所得信息进行综合判定。

, authors=杨雅慧1, 张纳莉1, 刘洪良1, 张展伟1, 昝书林1, authorsList=杨雅慧, 张纳莉, 刘洪良, 张展伟, 昝书林, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

杨雅慧, 工程师, 主要从事流动重力观测技术研究, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有，未经授权，不得转载。, copyrightOwner=大地测量与地球动力学编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=J6SFrBtQsVZYTakyhopNcQ==, magXml=AZP2OqfRA61+ktEWdvOB+w==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=uppN5ZMKlh4Pr0IcCvS8Xw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=3vKQJTbYyzD5qhFWd2m5LA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322940984044159514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=1143950457@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322940984165794335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, authorId=1322940984044159514, language=EN, stringName=Yahui YANG, firstName=Yahui, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Baoding Earthquake Monitoring Center of Hebei Earthquake Agency, 206 Mid-Tianwei Road, Baoding 071000, China, bio={"content":"

YANG Yahui, engineer, majorsin mobile gravity observationtechnology, E-mail: .

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YANG Yahui, engineer, majorsin mobile gravity observationtechnology, E-mail: .

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杨雅慧, 工程师, 主要从事流动重力观测技术研究, E-mail:

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杨雅慧, 工程师, 主要从事流动重力观测技术研究, E-mail:

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journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=重力变化), Keyword(id=1322940990297866832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=构造活动)], refs=[Reference(id=1322940998300598900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, doi=10.6038/cjg20161019, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=59, issue=10, pageStart=3744, pageEnd=3752, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=祝意青, 李铁明, 郝明, journalName=地球物理学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=祝意青, 李铁明, 郝明, 等. 2016年青海门源MS6.4地震前重力变[J]. 地球物理学报, 2016, 59 (10): 3744- 3752, articleTitle=2016年青海门源MS6.4地震前重力变, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1322940998430622327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, doi=10.6038/cjg20161019, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=59, issue=10, pageStart=3744, 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Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention, 2018, 13 (3): 610- 618, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1322940997839225456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, awardId=DZ2024112000005, language=EN, fundingSource=The Spark Program of Earthquake Technology of Hebei Earthquake Agency(DZ2024112000005), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1322940997939888754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, awardId=DZ2024112000005, language=CN, fundingSource=河北省地震局地震科技星火计划(DZ2024112000005), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322940982014116374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322940982026699287, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, companyId=1322940982014116374, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 Baoding Earthquake Monitoring Center of Hebei Earthquake Agency, 206 Mid-Tianwei Road, Baoding 071000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322940982320300568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, companyId=1322940982014116374, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 河北省地震局保定地震监测中心站, 河北省保定市天威中路206号, 071000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1322940990750851666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Gravity network, figureFileSmall=WiEi3DuPowDEK5nWxq1NeA==, figureFileBig=uppN5ZMKlh4Pr0IcCvS8Xw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322940990851514965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=CN, label=图1, caption=重力测网, figureFileSmall=WiEi3DuPowDEK5nWxq1NeA==, figureFileBig=uppN5ZMKlh4Pr0IcCvS8Xw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322940991287722584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Dynamic changes of gravity field before Shangyi MS4.0 earthquake, figureFileSmall=0KrHQOCMNnTR7I8JZd9r0w==, figureFileBig=jrZgZxvRhDbz6oo3GJb8Gg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322940991556158042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=CN, label=图2, caption=尚义MS4.0地震前重力场动态变化, figureFileSmall=0KrHQOCMNnTR7I8JZd9r0w==, figureFileBig=jrZgZxvRhDbz6oo3GJb8Gg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322940993238073949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Dynamic changes of gravity field before Lincheng MS3.7 earthquake, figureFileSmall=QW2vg1jF+LHoIhVQXxRi1g==, figureFileBig=CilcWm2U0BADrZSdgFCm3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322940993317765726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=CN, label=图3, caption=临城MS3.7地震前重力场动态变化, figureFileSmall=QW2vg1jF+LHoIhVQXxRi1g==, figureFileBig=CilcWm2U0BADrZSdgFCm3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322940993678475871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Dynamic changes of gravity field before Yongqing MS4.3 earthquake, figureFileSmall=xqfHuUaboxREPIE7XxuvKg==, figureFileBig=O5pU5qvXPsCEYtL1FT7xfw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322940994076934752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=CN, label=图4, caption=永清MS4.3地震前重力场动态变化, figureFileSmall=xqfHuUaboxREPIE7XxuvKg==, figureFileBig=O5pU5qvXPsCEYtL1FT7xfw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322940994160820835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Dynamic changes of gravity field before Fengnan MS4.5 earthquake, figureFileSmall=DnwC4gfZXcrCKa6dSCjLiA==, figureFileBig=/XB3iLwKkB3C8OH0vg62tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322940994253095524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=CN, label=图5, caption=丰南MS4.5地震前重力场动态变化, figureFileSmall=DnwC4gfZXcrCKa6dSCjLiA==, figureFileBig=/XB3iLwKkB3C8OH0vg62tw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322940994899018342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Processing accuracy of the gravity data

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份 期次 仪器型号 测段数/条 绝对点/个 平均点值精度/μGal
20151 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-149、LCR-150、CG51097、CG51098、LCR-829、LCR-003、LCR-G853、LCR-G134、LCR-999、LCR-027 2 375 4 9.5
2 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-149、LCR-150、CG51099、CG51098、LCR-G818、LCR-G793、LCR-G853、LCR-G134、LCR-999、LCR-027 2 597 4 11.7
20161 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-149、LCR-150、CG51097、CG51098、LCR-G808、LCR-G793、LCR-G103、LCR-G829、LCR-999、LCR-027 2 458 4 11.6
2 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-149、LCR-147、CG51097、CG51098、LCR-G808、LCR-G793、LCR-G853、LCR-G134、CG5-217、CG5-526、LCR-999、LCR-027 2 577 6 12.7
20171 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-149、LCR-147、CG51097、CG51098、LCR-103、LCR-829、LCR-G808、LCR-G808、LCR-G818、LCR-G853、LCR-G134、LCR-999、LCR-027 2 569 5 12.7
2 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-149、LCR-150、CG51097、CG51098、LCR-G808、LCR-G818、LCR-G853、LCR-G134、LCR-999、LCR-027 2 642 5 12.5
20181 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-G843、LCR-G132、LCR-G853、LCR-G134、CG51097、CG51098、CG-1235、CG-1427、CG-C451、CG-C452、LCR-999、LCR-1027 1 477 5 12.8
2 LCR-G808、LCR-G818、LCR-G793、LCR-G132、CG5-859、CG5-873、CG51097、CG51098、CG-216、CG-1229、CG-1235、CG-1427、CG-C451、CG-C452、LCR-999、LCR-1027 2 058 5 11.3
20191 CG5-859、CG5-873、CG-1235、CG-1427、BUR-B515、BUR-B602、LCR-G793、LCR-G132、CG5-834、CG5-845、LCR-999、LCR-1027、CG-C451、CG-C452 1 684 6 10.0
2 CG5-859、CG5-873、CG-0207、CG-1229、CG-1235、CG-1427、LCR-G808、LCR-G818、LCR-G793、LCR-G132、CG5-834、CG5-845、CG5-C451、CG5-C452、LCR-999、LCR-1027 2 319 5 12.9
), ArticleFig(id=1322940995339420264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

重力数据处理精度

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年份 期次 仪器型号 测段数/条 绝对点/个 平均点值精度/μGal
20151 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-149、LCR-150、CG51097、CG51098、LCR-829、LCR-003、LCR-G853、LCR-G134、LCR-999、LCR-027 2 375 4 9.5
2 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-149、LCR-150、CG51099、CG51098、LCR-G818、LCR-G793、LCR-G853、LCR-G134、LCR-999、LCR-027 2 597 4 11.7
20161 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-149、LCR-150、CG51097、CG51098、LCR-G808、LCR-G793、LCR-G103、LCR-G829、LCR-999、LCR-027 2 458 4 11.6
2 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-149、LCR-147、CG51097、CG51098、LCR-G808、LCR-G793、LCR-G853、LCR-G134、CG5-217、CG5-526、LCR-999、LCR-027 2 577 6 12.7
20171 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-149、LCR-147、CG51097、CG51098、LCR-103、LCR-829、LCR-G808、LCR-G808、LCR-G818、LCR-G853、LCR-G134、LCR-999、LCR-027 2 569 5 12.7
2 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-149、LCR-150、CG51097、CG51098、LCR-G808、LCR-G818、LCR-G853、LCR-G134、LCR-999、LCR-027 2 642 5 12.5
20181 CG5-859、CG5-873、LCR-G843、LCR-G132、LCR-G853、LCR-G134、CG51097、CG51098、CG-1235、CG-1427、CG-C451、CG-C452、LCR-999、LCR-1027 1 477 5 12.8
2 LCR-G808、LCR-G818、LCR-G793、LCR-G132、CG5-859、CG5-873、CG51097、CG51098、CG-216、CG-1229、CG-1235、CG-1427、CG-C451、CG-C452、LCR-999、LCR-1027 2 058 5 11.3
20191 CG5-859、CG5-873、CG-1235、CG-1427、BUR-B515、BUR-B602、LCR-G793、LCR-G132、CG5-834、CG5-845、LCR-999、LCR-1027、CG-C451、CG-C452 1 684 6 10.0
2 CG5-859、CG5-873、CG-0207、CG-1229、CG-1235、CG-1427、LCR-G808、LCR-G818、LCR-G793、LCR-G132、CG5-834、CG5-845、CG5-C451、CG5-C452、LCR-999、LCR-1027 2 319 5 12.9
), ArticleFig(id=1322940995733684841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Summary of gravity anomaly before earthquakes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
发震时间 地点 震级M 经纬度 邻近断裂 异常量级及震中位置关系
2016-06-23 张家口尚义 4.0 40.96°N、114.2°E 尚义-平泉断裂 0.5 a：正异常累积最大为30 μGal，震中位于正异常区；1 a：正负异常累积最大为40 μGal，震中位于正异常区零值线拐弯附近。
2017-09-04 邢台临城 3.7 37.5°N、114.35°E 太行山山前断裂 0.5 a：正负异常累积最大为40 μGal，震中位于正异常区；1 a：正负异常累积最大为50 μGal，震中位于正异常区零值线拐弯附近。
2018-02-12 廊坊永清 4.3 39.37°N、116.67°E 河西务断裂 0.5 a：正负异常累积最大为50 μGal，震中位于负异常区零值线附近；1 a：正负异常累积最大为50 μGal，震中位于负异常区零值线附近。
2019-12-05 唐山丰南 4.5 39.31°N、118.04°E 蓟运河断裂 0.5 a、1 a：梯度带不明显，震中位于负异常区；2 a：正负异常累积最大为60 μGal，震中位于负异常区零值线拐弯附近。
), ArticleFig(id=1322940995855319660, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940976922231283, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

震前重力异常汇总

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
发震时间 地点 震级M 经纬度 邻近断裂 异常量级及震中位置关系
2016-06-23 张家口尚义 4.0 40.96°N、114.2°E 尚义-平泉断裂 0.5 a：正异常累积最大为30 μGal，震中位于正异常区；1 a：正负异常累积最大为40 μGal，震中位于正异常区零值线拐弯附近。
2017-09-04 邢台临城 3.7 37.5°N、114.35°E 太行山山前断裂 0.5 a：正负异常累积最大为40 μGal，震中位于正异常区；1 a：正负异常累积最大为50 μGal，震中位于正异常区零值线拐弯附近。
2018-02-12 廊坊永清 4.3 39.37°N、116.67°E 河西务断裂 0.5 a：正负异常累积最大为50 μGal，震中位于负异常区零值线附近；1 a：正负异常累积最大为50 μGal，震中位于负异常区零值线附近。
2019-12-05 唐山丰南 4.5 39.31°N、118.04°E 蓟运河断裂 0.5 a、1 a：梯度带不明显，震中位于负异常区；2 a：正负异常累积最大为60 μGal，震中位于负异常区零值线拐弯附近。
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河北地区M4震前流动重力异常分析
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杨雅慧 1 , 张纳莉 1 , 刘洪良 1 , 张展伟 1 , 昝书林 1
大地测量与地球动力学 | 地震地质 2025,45(5): 464-469
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大地测量与地球动力学 |地震地质 2025 , 45 (5) : 464 -469
河北地区M4震前流动重力异常分析
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杨雅慧1 , 张纳莉1, 刘洪良1, 张展伟1, 昝书林1
作者信息
  • 1 河北省地震局保定地震监测中心站, 河北省保定市天威中路206号, 071000
作者简介:

杨雅慧, 工程师, 主要从事流动重力观测技术研究, E-mail:

Analysis of Gravity Changes before the M4 Earthquakes in Hebei Area
Yahui YANG1 , Nali ZHANG1, Hongliang LIU1, Zhanwei ZHANG1, Shulin ZAN1
Affiliations
  • 1 Baoding Earthquake Monitoring Center of Hebei Earthquake Agency, 206 Mid-Tianwei Road, Baoding 071000, China

    • YANG Yahui, engineer, majorsin mobile gravity observationtechnology, E-mail: .

出版时间: 2025-05-15 doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.06.279
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摘要
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基于河北省及邻区流动重力复测资料, 选取2016-06-23尚义MS4.0、2017-09-04临城MS3.7、2018-02-12永清MS4.3以及2019-12-05丰南MS4.5地震, 分析震前重力场动态变化特征, 并结合地质构造情况, 研究地震孕育与重力变化的关系。结果表明: 1)对于M4左右的地震, 重力场震前变化明显, 震中及附近区域均存在显著重力正负异常高值区及伴生的高梯度带, 推测为地震前兆信息; 2)地震多发在断裂带附近, 重力场高梯度带等值线方向多与该区域主要活动断裂走向一致, 说明地震的孕育发生、重力变化及断裂构造三者关系密切; 3)地下介质物理参数对于地震的孕育与发生过程至关重要, 因此, 在进行地震预测预报工作时, 应结合其他学科所得信息进行综合判定。

河北地区  /  流动重力观测  /  重力变化  /  构造活动

Based on the mobile gravity data from Hebei province and its neighboring areas, we select the 2016-06-23 Shangyi MS4.0, 2017-09-04 Lincheng MS3.7, 2018-02-12 Yongqing MS4.3, and 2019-12-05 Fengnan MS4.5 earthquakes to analyze dynamic changes of gravity field. Combining with geological structure information, we investigate the relationship between seismicity and gravity changes. The results show that: 1) For earthquakes of approximately M4, significant pre-seismic changes of gravity field are observed, with notable positive and negative anomaly high-value areas and high-gradient zones, suggesting potential precursor information. 2) Earthquakes tend to occur near fault. The direction of contour lines of high-gradient zones of gravity field is mostly consistent with the orientations of major active fault in the region, indicating a close relationship between earthquakes occurrence, gravity changes, and fault structures. 3) The physical parameters of subsurface media are important for earthquake occurrence. Therefore, it is essential to integrate other disciplines for comprehensive assessments when conducting earthquake prediction.

Hebei area  /  mobile gravity observation  /  gravity changes  /  tectonic activity
杨雅慧, 张纳莉, 刘洪良, 张展伟, 昝书林. 河北地区M4震前流动重力异常分析. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2025 , 45 (5) : 464 -469 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.06.279
Yahui YANG, Nali ZHANG, Hongliang LIU, Zhanwei ZHANG, Shulin ZAN. Analysis of Gravity Changes before the M4 Earthquakes in Hebei Area[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2025 , 45 (5) : 464 -469 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.06.279
正文
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河北省作为华北断块组成部分，其现今地壳构造运动受到华北断块构造运动的制约。河北省西起太行山脉，北至燕山、阴山一带，东临渤海，地势西北高、东南低。北东向华北平原沉降带以及东西向燕山褶断带贯穿河北省，其间共有37条活动断裂，构成不同类型的新生代断陷盆地，是河北省及邻区强震发生的主要区域。自有历史地震记录以来，河北省内曾发生过多次大震强震，最大为1679年三河平谷8级地震，另有1830年磁县7.5级地震、1966年邢台6.8级地震、1967年河间大城6.3级地震、1976年唐山7.8级地震及滦县7.1级地震、1977年宁河6.9级地震、1998年张北6.2级地震、2006年文安5.1级地震以及最近的2020年唐山古冶5.1级地震。由此可见，河北省属全国强震多发地区之一，如何提升该地区地震预测预报能力是一项持久而重要的课题。
此外，河北省内中小震频发，其中尤以唐山、张家口等地地震频次较高，邢邯及廊坊地区也一直是河北省地震趋势会商会重点关注区域。2010—2020年河北省发生3级以内地震99次，3~4级地震138次，4~5级地震10次，5级以上地震1次。已有研究多针对5级以上强震进行分析[1-6]，对于5级以内中小地震研究较少[3]。河北省地理位置特殊，环绕京津，防震减灾工作至关重要。因此，本文立足于河北省中小震震例，选取河北省内近年不同地区发生的典型震例进行分析，分别对其进行震前重力动态变化系统研究，结合区域构造情况，探讨重力动态变化特征及其与地震孕育、发生的关系，为震情研判、地震趋势预测预报等工作提供重力学支撑。
1 重力数据及处理
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河北省流动重力观测始于1968年，在邢台地区布设以汽车为运输工具的流动重力测网，每年进行1期观测。1972—1982年间相继布设华北火车网、文霸汽车网、邯郸安阳网，之后不断进行测网、重力点位以及重力仪器的优化更新。2009年火车网停测，文霸、邯安、邢台3个测网被调整组合成含河北及周边省市部分地区在内的的大型重力测网，构成大华北流动重力测网的一部分，含126个测点、246个测段，2010年开始正式测量，每年复测2期。观测资料从1979年起，至今已累积45 a之久，为河北地区地震中长期预测及趋势研判提供了重要的数据支撑。河北省流动重力执行每年2期复测，分别于当年3月、8月开始当期观测任务。本次数据处理除使用河北省地震局承担的测区数据外，也包含多家单位承担的河北省及邻区观测数据，重力测网(201603期)如图1所示。对重力数据进行整体平差处理，最大程度保证河北省内重力平差结果的可靠性。
数据处理流程为：1)取研究区内绝对重力点作为控制点，控制点精度均小于5.0 μGal/a[4]；2)对河北省及邻区数据进行整体经典平差解算；3)采用LGADJ程序进行平差处理。最终得到流动重力数据处理结果，点值平均精度在13 μGal以内(表1)。
2 重力场动态变化
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本文通过数据处理得到不同时间尺度的重力变化，采用克里金插值并基于GMT绘制重力变化等值线图。
2.1 2016-06-23张家口尚义MS4.0地震
分别绘制震前连续2期0.5 a及1 a尺度重力变化图(见图2，单位μGal)，差分结果精度分别为15.0 μGal、16.5 μGal和15.0 μGal。
2015-03—09，研究区重力场正负异常分区变化明显，西南部呈现正值变化，东北部张家口、北京等地区均表现为负变化。2015-09—2016-03，研究区总体表现为重力正值变化，重力变化在0~30 μGal之间，存在2个显著局部重力正异常区，分别位于张家口以西及研究区东北部，有梯度带伴生。
2015-03—2016-03，张家口西南部为局部正异常区，与西北部负异常区之间形成重力变化梯度带，正负差异变化达40 μGal。此外，其他区域重力变化平缓，呈现微弱的正值累积，重力变化在10 μGal以内。
2.2 2017-09-04邢台临城MS3.7地震
分别绘制震前连续2期0.5 a及1 a尺度重力变化图(见图3，单位μGal)，差分精度分别为17.2 μGal、17.9 μGal和17.2 μGal。
2016-03—09，研究区重力场整体呈现负值变化，仅在石家庄东部、长治及河南部分区域出现微弱正值。2016-09—2017-03，重力场分区变化明显，整体呈现西北低南高分布特征，自南向北表现为负-正-负的变化过程，石家庄-邢台西一线伴生正负异常梯度带，差异变化达40 μGal。
2016-03—2017-03，西北部负值区重力异常累积显著，累积达—30 μGal，该区域负异常自2016-03起为持续累积状态。西南部正异常区依然存在，处于正异常持续累积状态，沿石家庄-长治一线形成明显正负异常高梯度带，差异变化达50 μGal。
2.3 2018-02-12廊坊永清MS4.3地震
分别绘制震前连续2期0.5 a及1 a尺度重力变化图(见图4，单位μGal)，差分精度分别为17.9 μGal、17.8 μGal、17.8 μGal。
2016-09—2017-03，张家口东部至天津、山东一带形成明显正异常区，北京及以北一带则为NE向局部显著负异常区，其他区域重力变化平缓。2017-03—09，研究区重力场大部分变化平缓，在天津-北京一线形成明显正负异常高梯度带，宽约100 km，长约110 km，正负值差异达50 μGal。本次永清地震发生在重力零值线以南的负值区，时变距[7]约105 km。
2016-09—2017-09，研究区重力变化明显。重力场大部分为正值变化，并在北京西部、研究区南部形成2个NE向局部显著正异常区，而在天津附近呈现微弱局部重力负异常，正负异常区交界地区则伴生重力梯度带。永清地震震中位于重力正负异常变化高梯度带的零值线附近，紧邻河西务断裂发震。
2.4 2019-12-05唐山丰南MS4.5地震
为进一步观察与丰南MS4.5地震孕育相关的重力动态变化，分别绘制震前连续2期0.5 a、1 a、2 a尺度重力场动态变化图(见图5，单位μGal)，差分精度分别为15.1 μGal、16.3 μGal、17.1 μGal、17.9 μGal。
2018-09—2019-03，研究区重力变化明显，北京-天津及东南部山东一带呈现正值变化，最高达20 μGal，震中附近为重力正值累积态势。2019-03—09，北京、天津附近2条零值线沿北东方向展布，与该区域断裂走向基本一致。北京及附近区域为微弱正值持续累积状态，增速缓慢；天津以东及东南区域则形成局部重力场负变化梯度带。
2018-09—2019-09，重力场呈现西北正、东南负的分布格局，正负异常累积缓慢，梯度带不显著，震中附近整体为负值累积。
2017-09—2019-09，研究区内重力变化显著，大部分区域为正值累积，仅在东北角存在微弱的负值累积，正负差异变化达60 μGal。研究区内存在2个局部显著正异常累积区域，其一为北京-天津一带，异常区梯度带走向与主要活动断裂基本一致；其二为研究区南部与山东交界地区。丰南地震发生在零值线拐弯处，震中紧邻蓟运河断裂。
3 重力变化与地震
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研究表明，地震经常发生在正负异常高梯度带零值线附近以及重力四象限图像中心或低值区域。大范围的正重力变化表征该区地下物质增多、介质密度变大，有利于地震能量的积累和发展，而梯度带或四象限的形成则为该区局部应力积累和发生剪切破裂提供条件，从而引发地震[8-9]。
2016-06-23尚义MS4.0地震震中位于尚义-平泉断裂带以南(距离约10 km)，该断裂为阴山断隆区与燕山断隆区的分界断裂[10]。震前0.5 a尺度重力图中，张家口以西区域存在显著局部重力正异常；震前1 a尺度重力图中正异常区依然存在，并向西南部发展，有利于该区地震能量不断积累，重力等值线方向为NW向，与尚义-平泉断裂走向相似，有利于剪切破裂发生。在震前0.5 a及1 a尺度重力图中，尚义地震震中均位于高梯度带正值区及等值线拐弯处。震源机制解表明，尚义4.0级地震震源错动方式为正断兼走滑，节面Ⅱ呈NW向[10]。震中附近正重力异常表明，该区地下物质不断增多、密度增大，当应力超过介质承载能力时会出现失稳破裂，进而发震释放应力能量。研究表明，震中及附近区域纵向速度变化剧烈，应变能更易于积累[10]。
2017-09-04临城MS3.7地震震中位于太行山山前断裂中段，附近NS向的元氏断裂、NWW向的隆尧断裂和NE向的晋县断裂交会，为山西断陷与华北断陷过渡带，构造较不稳定。震中附近构造背景复杂，发育NS向、NWW向、NNE向和NE向等多组构造[11]，其中以NNE、NE向断裂构造最为发育。通过震前0.5 a及1 a尺度重力图发现，震中及西南部重力场自2016-03起呈现正值累积态势，震前半年累积更为明显；北部重力场则呈现负异常持续累积态势，最终在震前1 a尺度重力图中形成显著正负异常高梯度带。重力等值线NE向走向与该区域主要活动断裂走向一致，在石家庄一带出现转折；NW走向与部分断裂走向一致，与太行山山前断裂带垂直相交。在震前0.5 a尺度重力图中，临城地震震中位于正负变化高梯度带的正异常区；在震前1 a尺度重力图中，临城地震震中位于正负异常高梯度中间的零值线拐弯处附近。
2018-02-12永清MS4.3地震震中位于华北断坳盆地内冀中坳陷区廊固凹陷内河西务断裂西南端，震区构造断裂以NE走向为主，并伴有少量NW走向断裂。河西务断裂呈NE走向，为廊固凹陷与武清凹陷分界断裂[12]。在震前0.5 a尺度重力图中，北京-天津一线形成明显的重力正负变化高梯度带，震中即位于梯度带零值线附近。在震前1 a尺度重力图中，北京西北部一带正异常区呈NE走向，与区域内活动断裂走向基本一致；震中位于重力正负异常变化高梯度带零值线附近，紧邻河西务断裂。
2019-12-05丰南MS4.5地震发生在蓟运河断裂附近，位于河北平原地震带唐山地区南部。在2期0.5 a尺度重力图中，震中附近区域由正异常转为临震前负异常变化；在震前1 a尺度重力图中，震中附近区域为负值累积；在震前2 a尺度重力累积图中，研究区呈现大范围正重力变化，表明该区能量积累显著。发震地点位于零值线拐弯处，紧邻蓟运河断裂。重力场动态变化捕捉到孕震过程中“重力上升-震前反向负变化-发震”阶段。丰南MS4.5地震后，唐山地区于2020-07-12发生古冶5.1级地震。
4 震前重力异常汇总
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本文通过对河北省内4个典型震例进行震前重力动态变化分析及附近断裂构造研究，得到震前重力异常相关情况(表2)，表中0.5 a指临震前2期重力差分变化。
5 结语
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1) 河北地区重力场动态变化情况可较好地反映震前区域重力异常变化，尤其是孕震中后阶段信息。在本文4次地震前，震中及附近区域均存在明显的局部正值累积异常区及伴生梯度带，差异大小为30~60 μGal，推测为地震前兆信息，反映了孕震过程中地震能量的积累。其中，临城3.7级地震震级小但重力异常累积明显，推测与之后2017-09-15宁晋3.5级地震有关；丰南4.5级地震在连续2期0.5 a尺度重力图中捕捉到孕震过程中“重力上升-震前反向负变化-发震”阶段，在震前2 a尺度重力图中正负异常累积达60 μGal，孕震时间较长，积累能量大，推测与2020-07-12古冶5.1级地震孕育有关。
2) 本文选取的4次地震中有2次地震紧邻断裂发震，其他2次地震同样位于断裂发育区，震中距最近断裂约10 km。在震前重力累积变化图中，重力正负变化梯度带等值线方向多与该区主要活动断裂走向一致，地震发生于梯度带及等值线拐弯处。表明地震孕育过程、重力场变化受区域构造控制，三者关系密切。
3) 地下介质物理参数对于地震的孕育及发生过程至关重要，在尚义4.0级地震中，由于震中及附近区域纵向速度变化剧烈，使得应变能更易于积累，从而易于诱发地震。因此在进行地震预测预报工作时，应结合其他学科所得信息进行综合判定。
基金
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  • 河北省地震局地震科技星火计划(DZ2024112000005)
文献
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2025年第45卷第5期
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doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.06.279
  • 接收时间：2024-06-13
  • 首发时间：2026-10-30
  • 出版时间：2025-05-15
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  • 收稿日期：2024-06-13
基金
The Spark Program of Earthquake Technology of Hebei Earthquake Agency(DZ2024112000005)
河北省地震局地震科技星火计划(DZ2024112000005)
作者信息
    1 河北省地震局保定地震监测中心站, 河北省保定市天威中路206号, 071000
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
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