Article(id=1322941017648935668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1322940959071285581, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14075/j.jgg.2024.05.219, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1715270400000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793343317663, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1749916800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793343317663, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793343317663, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793343317663, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322940959071285581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, year='2025', volume='45', issue='6', pageStart='551', pageEnd='660', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1749916800000', pubDateStr='2025-06-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793343303697, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793343303697, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=610, endPage=617, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322941017850262261, articleId=1322941017648935668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=EN, title=Monitoring and Volume Inversion of Landslide Hazards in High Mountain Canyon Areas: A Case Study of Muli County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Taking Muli county, Liangshan prefecture, Sichuan province as an example, based on the Sentinel-1A ascending and descending orbit SAR data provided by the European Space Agency, the visibility of SAR satellite surface monitoring and the sensitivity of slope deformation monitoring in different slope directions were quantitatively analyzed, and typical landslides in the region were selected to carry out fine monitoring and volume inversion research. Combined with the slope constraints, the three-dimensional deformation field of the lattice landslide in the area was inverted by using the LOS deformation results of the lifting rail. The results show that the landslide mainly moves horizontally and slides down the slope, with the maximum horizontal displacement rate exceeding 100 mm/a. The maximum annual deformation rate in the vertical and northward direction is between 40 and 60 mm/a, and the north-south and vertical deformation characteristics of the landslide are related to the local topography of the landslide surface.Based on the vector tilt method and the mass conservation method, the depth and volume of the landslide are inverted.The results show that the area with the greatest depth of the landslide is located in the middle of the slope, with a maximum depth of 52 meters, the volume of the landslide is between 2.2×107 m3 and 2.8×107 m3. And the results of the two methods have high consistency. This study provides a technical reference for the monitoring, disaster prevention and mitigation of typical landslides in southwest China, and the estimation of the impact range of landslides.

, authors=Linxuan ZHOU1, Chengsheng YANG1, 2, *, Zufeng LI3, Zewei LIU1, Yi YU1, Huilan DING1, authorsList=Linxuan ZHOU, Chengsheng YANG, Zufeng LI, Zewei LIU, Yi YU, Huilan DING, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Chengsheng YANG, authorNote=

ZHOU Linxuan, postgraduate, majors in InSAR technology applied on geological hazards, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322941021486723852, articleId=1322941017648935668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=CN, title=高山峡谷区滑坡隐患监测与体积反演——以四川省凉山州木里县为例, columnId=1322506197874356701, journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, columnName=地壳运动, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

以四川省凉山州木里县为例,基于欧洲空间局提供的Sentinel-1A升降轨SAR数据,定量分析SAR卫星地表监测的可视性及不同坡向坡体形变监测的敏感性,并选取区域内典型滑坡开展精细监测和体积反演研究。结合坡向约束条件,利用升降轨LOS向形变监测结果对区域内格石滑坡的三维形变场进行反演,结果表明,该滑坡以水平滑移为主,并沿坡向下滑动,最大水平位移速率超100 mm/a,而垂直向及南北向最大年形变速率在40~60 mm/a,且南北向与垂直向形变特征与滑坡表面的局部地形有关。基于矢量倾斜法和质量守恒法对滑坡进行深度及体积反演发现,该滑坡最大深度区域位于滑坡中部,最大深度达52 m,滑坡体积在(2.2~2.8)×107 m3之间,两种方法反演的滑坡深度及体积结果具有较高的一致性。本文研究结果可为我国西南地区典型滑坡监测、防灾减灾及滑坡的影响范围估算提供技术参考。

, authors=周临轩1, 杨成生1, 2, *, 李祖锋3, 刘泽伟1, 于仪1, 丁慧兰1, authorsList=周临轩, 杨成生, 李祖锋, 刘泽伟, 于仪, 丁慧兰, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=杨成生, authorNote=

周临轩,硕士生,主要从事InSAR技术地质灾害应用研究,E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=

杨成生,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为InSAR地质灾害监测理论与应用,E-mail:

YANG Chengsheng, professor, PhD supervisor, majors in theory and application of InSAR geological hazard monitoring, E-mail:

, copyrightStatement=版权所有,未经授权,不得转载。, copyrightOwner=大地测量与地球动力学编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=mmJrpMiD2qwDbOSkZG+N4Q==, magXml=qcYqevHi8n3qBWoiy4KbHQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=JF5v+cs/O6sOGcb98+2+Eg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=qqJv7QihnbEDgN8QxHWchQ==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322941021994234647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322941017648935668, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=1804390902@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322941022073926425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322941017648935668, authorId=1322941021994234647, language=EN, stringName=Linxuan ZHOU, firstName=Linxuan, middleName=null, lastName=ZHOU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, China, bio={"content":"

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language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

List of data parameters

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SAR参数Sentinel-1A降轨Sentinel-1A升轨
轨道号 26 135
入射角 39.70° 39.55°
方位角 -167.44° -12.58°
影像数量 54 59
影像覆盖时间范围 2021-01-10—2022-12-31 2021-01-15—2022-12-24
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数据参数列表

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SAR参数Sentinel-1A降轨Sentinel-1A升轨
轨道号 26 135
入射角 39.70° 39.55°
方位角 -167.44° -12.58°
影像数量 54 59
影像覆盖时间范围 2021-01-10—2022-12-31 2021-01-15—2022-12-24
), ArticleFig(id=1322941029405569880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322941017648935668, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Results of landslide volume inversion by different methods

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序号反演方法 滑坡体积/m3
1 椭圆抛物面模型 2.242 6×107
2 质量守恒法(f=0.4) 2.803 6×107
3 质量守恒法(f=0.6) 2.538 4×107
4 质量守恒法(f=0.8) 2.301 3×107
5 质量守恒法(f=0.9) 2.208 6×107
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不同方法反演滑坡体积结果

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序号反演方法 滑坡体积/m3
1 椭圆抛物面模型 2.242 6×107
2 质量守恒法(f=0.4) 2.803 6×107
3 质量守恒法(f=0.6) 2.538 4×107
4 质量守恒法(f=0.8) 2.301 3×107
5 质量守恒法(f=0.9) 2.208 6×107
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高山峡谷区滑坡隐患监测与体积反演——以四川省凉山州木里县为例
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周临轩 1 , 杨成生 1, 2, * , 李祖锋 3 , 刘泽伟 1 , 于仪 1 , 丁慧兰 1
大地测量与地球动力学 | 地壳运动 2025,45(6): 610-617
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大地测量与地球动力学 |地壳运动 2025 , 45 (6) : 610 -617
高山峡谷区滑坡隐患监测与体积反演——以四川省凉山州木里县为例
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周临轩1 , 杨成生1, 2, * , 李祖锋3, 刘泽伟1, 于仪1, 丁慧兰1
作者信息
  • 1 长安大学地质工程与测绘学院, 西安市雁塔路126号, 710054
  • 2 西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室, 西安市雁塔路126号, 710054
  • 3 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司, 西安市丈八东路18号, 710064
通讯作者:

杨成生,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为InSAR地质灾害监测理论与应用,E-mail:

YANG Chengsheng, professor, PhD supervisor, majors in theory and application of InSAR geological hazard monitoring, E-mail:

作者简介:

周临轩,硕士生,主要从事InSAR技术地质灾害应用研究,E-mail:

Monitoring and Volume Inversion of Landslide Hazards in High Mountain Canyon Areas: A Case Study of Muli County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province
Linxuan ZHOU1 , Chengsheng YANG1, 2, * , Zufeng LI3, Zewei LIU1, Yi YU1, Huilan DING1
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, China
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Western China's Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering, Ministry of Education, 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, China
  • 3 Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited, Power China, 18 East-Zhangba Road, Xi'an 710065, China
  • ZHOU Linxuan, postgraduate, majors in InSAR technology applied on geological hazards, E-mail:

出版时间: 2025-06-15 doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.05.219
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以四川省凉山州木里县为例,基于欧洲空间局提供的Sentinel-1A升降轨SAR数据,定量分析SAR卫星地表监测的可视性及不同坡向坡体形变监测的敏感性,并选取区域内典型滑坡开展精细监测和体积反演研究。结合坡向约束条件,利用升降轨LOS向形变监测结果对区域内格石滑坡的三维形变场进行反演,结果表明,该滑坡以水平滑移为主,并沿坡向下滑动,最大水平位移速率超100 mm/a,而垂直向及南北向最大年形变速率在40~60 mm/a,且南北向与垂直向形变特征与滑坡表面的局部地形有关。基于矢量倾斜法和质量守恒法对滑坡进行深度及体积反演发现,该滑坡最大深度区域位于滑坡中部,最大深度达52 m,滑坡体积在(2.2~2.8)×107 m3之间,两种方法反演的滑坡深度及体积结果具有较高的一致性。本文研究结果可为我国西南地区典型滑坡监测、防灾减灾及滑坡的影响范围估算提供技术参考。

Sentinel-1  /  滑坡隐患早期识别  /  滑坡三维形变  /  滑坡深度  /  滑坡体积

Taking Muli county, Liangshan prefecture, Sichuan province as an example, based on the Sentinel-1A ascending and descending orbit SAR data provided by the European Space Agency, the visibility of SAR satellite surface monitoring and the sensitivity of slope deformation monitoring in different slope directions were quantitatively analyzed, and typical landslides in the region were selected to carry out fine monitoring and volume inversion research. Combined with the slope constraints, the three-dimensional deformation field of the lattice landslide in the area was inverted by using the LOS deformation results of the lifting rail. The results show that the landslide mainly moves horizontally and slides down the slope, with the maximum horizontal displacement rate exceeding 100 mm/a. The maximum annual deformation rate in the vertical and northward direction is between 40 and 60 mm/a, and the north-south and vertical deformation characteristics of the landslide are related to the local topography of the landslide surface.Based on the vector tilt method and the mass conservation method, the depth and volume of the landslide are inverted.The results show that the area with the greatest depth of the landslide is located in the middle of the slope, with a maximum depth of 52 meters, the volume of the landslide is between 2.2×107 m3 and 2.8×107 m3. And the results of the two methods have high consistency. This study provides a technical reference for the monitoring, disaster prevention and mitigation of typical landslides in southwest China, and the estimation of the impact range of landslides.

Sentinel-1  /  early identification of landslide hazards  /  landslide three-dimensional deformation  /  landslide depth  /  landslide volume
周临轩, 杨成生, 李祖锋, 刘泽伟, 于仪, 丁慧兰. 高山峡谷区滑坡隐患监测与体积反演——以四川省凉山州木里县为例. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2025 , 45 (6) : 610 -617 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.05.219
Linxuan ZHOU, Chengsheng YANG, Zufeng LI, Zewei LIU, Yi YU, Huilan DING. Monitoring and Volume Inversion of Landslide Hazards in High Mountain Canyon Areas: A Case Study of Muli County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2025 , 45 (6) : 610 -617 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.05.219
滑坡是世界范围内分布广泛的地质灾害之一,通常会造成严重的人员伤亡和财产损失。2012—2022年,我国平均每年发生滑坡6 418起,直接造成的经济损失平均每年超过60亿元。传统地面测量手段仅能获取滑坡特征点位上的形变信息,难以满足高山峡谷区域滑坡隐患大范围监测的需求。星载合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)技术具有精细监测地表微小形变的能力[1],但受卫星侧视成像影响,仅依据单一轨道LOS向形变速率开展滑坡探测,容易造成滑坡灾害的漏判,且难以获取滑坡真实形变信息。有学者在假设滑坡滑动面完全平行于地表的约束下,联合升降轨形变场来重组滑坡表面三维真实形变[2]。然而并不是所有滑坡的滑面都完全平行于地表,在这种约束条件下可能导致反演得到的三维形变场与真实情况存在差异[3],如何结合地形因素及卫星飞行姿态求解较符合实际的滑坡三维形变场仍值得研究。
本文以四川省凉山彝族自治州木里藏族自治县为例,利用2021—2022年Sentinel-1A升降轨数据,在分析InSAR形变监测可视性和敏感性的基础上,开展区域滑坡隐患的范围判识研究,并选取典型滑坡在表面运动方向与地形最大梯度方向(即坡向)一致的约束条件下获取的滑坡三维形变特征,同时分别利用质量守恒法和矢量倾斜法对滑坡的深度和体积进行反演计算。
研究区域位于青藏高原东南缘,是我国东西自然地理、地质环境的重要分界带,也是南北地震带的重要组成部分。由于区域内大部分山区沟道地形高差巨大,河谷两侧坡体长期遭受河流与雨水冲刷,导致区域内滑坡、崩塌、泥石流等地质灾害致灾严重[4]。研究区域内河流两岸坡体稳定性较差,存在众多蠕变性滑坡隐患,严重威胁当地人民的生命财产安全[4]。
本文采用欧洲航天局Sentinel-1A数据,具体数据参数见表1,同时采用30 m分辨率的SRTM数字高程模型用于消除InSAR干涉图中的地形相位、监测适宜性和形变敏感性分析[5]。
本文研究流程如图1所示。
Mora等[6]提出的短基线集技术(small baseline subset InSAR,SBAS-InSAR)能够较好地克服常规D-InSAR面临的时空失相干问题,并有效抑制地形和大气误差。因此,本文利用SBAS-InSAR技术对研究区域升降轨Sentinel-1A数据进行处理,获取LOS向年平均形变速率,并以此为基础对研究区域内滑坡隐患进行识别和圈定及InSAR监测适宜性分析。
根据R指数与卫星入射角的关系,可将SAR卫星对该区域的可视性分为可视性良好(适宜区)、可视性中等(透视收缩区)和可视性较差(叠掩或阴影区)。敏感性指数表示坡度方向上的形变在SAR卫星所测得的LOS向上的投影百分比,可评估SAR卫星对不同坡度、坡向、坡体形变监测的敏感度[7]。
仅依据升降轨LOS向形变信息难以获取滑坡三维形变。因此,本文假设重力作用下滑坡表面水平运动方向完全平行于坡向,也就是说,横坡方向的形变忽略不计。在此条件下可结合坡向约束条件求解滑坡三维形变场[8]。
研究表明,对于长深比值较小的滑坡,深度平均速度矢量通常与地表水平速度矢量成正比[9]。如图2所示,滑面斜率(即上滑面滑动矢量的倾角)可以通过倒置的三维模型来求解。如果滑坡体沿滑面连续滑动,且下坡方向形变远大于坡体法向形变,则滑面斜率可由式(1)计算:
$\delta=\arctan \left(-v_{\mathrm{U}} / \sqrt{v_{\mathrm{N}}^{2}+v_{\mathrm{E}}^{2}}\right)$
基于以上矢量倾斜法可以利用滑坡的后缘或滑坡坡趾的位置来推断整个滑面深度[10]。根据滑面沿滑坡中轴线的坡度,可以从滑坡底部或顶部开始,用积分法估算滑面沿剖面的高程[8]:
$Z_{s, i}=Z_{b}+\sum_{\text {bottom }}^{i} P \tan \delta$
式中,Z为海拔高度;P为像素间的水平间距;下标s和bottom分别表示滑坡中轴线上第s点和坡趾;i为s点在水平方向上的位置。椭圆抛物面比半椭球面能更真实反映破坏面形状[11]。在获取滑坡中轴线深度后,可用椭圆抛物面模型来求解滑坡体积:
$V=\frac{\mathsf{π}}{8} \times \operatorname{Dr} \times \operatorname{Lr} \times w $
式中,Dr为最大深度;Lr为中轴线长度;ω为椭圆抛物面最大宽度。
同时,本文研究还采用质量守恒法来进行滑坡深度及体积的反演。假设滑坡表面速度代表滑坡深度的平均速度[12],则滑坡深度可由质量守恒方程控制:
$\frac{\partial h}{\partial t}+\nabla \cdot(h \overline{\boldsymbol{v}})=0$
式中,h为深度;t为时间;$\overline{\boldsymbol{v}}=\left(\overline{v}_{x}, \overline{v}_{y}\right)$为坡体沿深度方向的平均速度,满足$\overline{\boldsymbol{v}}=f \overline{\boldsymbol{v}}_{\text {surf }}$,其中$\overline{\boldsymbol{v}}_{\text {surf }}$为坡体表面运动速度,f为流变参数,取值范围为0~1。假设滑坡基地面处于稳定状态,可采用有限差分法改写为:
$\begin{gather*}v_{z}(i, j)=-\frac{f v_{x}(i, j)}{2 \Delta x} h_{i+1, j}+\frac{f v_{x}(i, j)}{2 \Delta x} \times \\h_{i-1, j}-\frac{f v_{y}(i, j)}{2 \Delta y} h_{i, j+1}+\frac{f v_{y}(i, j)}{2 \Delta y} h_{i, j-1}- \\f\left(\frac{v_{x}(i+1, j)-v_{x}(i-1, j)}{2 \Delta x}+\right. \\\left.\frac{v_{y}(i, j+1)-v_{y}(i, j-1)}{2 \Delta y}\right) h_{i, j} \end{gather*}$
式中,vx、vy、vz分别为坡向、垂直坡向及坡法向形变速率;Δx和Δy分别为坡向和垂直坡向的采样间距。坡面坐标系与空间坐标系之间的转换可参考文献[13]。在得出式(5)后,可以采用非负最小二乘法对滑坡深度进行反演。
通过SBAS-InSAR处理,获取四川省凉山州木里县区域2021—2022年LOS向年平均形变速率(图3)。该区域滑坡隐患集中于雅砻江和理塘河的两侧,最大形变速率超-100 mm/a。升轨和降轨影像分别圈定滑坡隐患点19处和15处,其中升降轨共同识别滑坡隐患2处。
依据R指数方法进行升降轨数据可视性分类(图4)不难发现,升轨SAR卫星可视性较好的区域多集中于坡向为东向的坡体,而对于主体坡向为西向的坡体多为透视收缩及叠掩区域,可视性较差。降轨SAR卫星可视性较好的区域多集中于坡向为西向的坡体。同时,敏感性分析结果(图5) 显示,升轨SAR卫星对河流西岸的坡体形变敏感性较高,而降轨SAR卫星恰恰相反。这就导致了升降轨滑坡隐患识别差异较大,也进一步说明,在高山峡谷区域,仅仅通过单轨SAR卫星进行滑坡隐患识别很容易漏判滑坡隐患。
本文采用内符合精度评定方法分析形变速率,选取图3中黑色框线内区域为稳定区域,统计其形变速率直方图并计算对应区域的标准差,结果见图6,其中稳定区域内像素形变速率呈正态分布,且升、降轨形变速率标准差分别为3.66 mm/a和4.36 mm/a。结果表明,升降轨形变速率结果具有较好的内符合精度,也在一定程度上证明了本文采用的SBAS-InSAR技术获取的形变结果具有可靠性。
格石滑坡位于四川省凉山州盐源县大坡乡,滑坡范围内分布有小金河断层,坡体受河流冲刷及地表侵蚀影响严重。如图7所示,在坡体中部及东南部可发现明显的破裂现象,其坡趾靠近河谷处植被已明显脱落,格石滑坡滑动面覆盖面积较大,对滑坡范围内居民的生命财产安全具有较大威胁,并且具有堵塞小金河的风险,因此有必要通过非接触手段初步估计格石滑坡的体积及影响范围,以作为后续风险评估的有效指标。
基于升降轨Sentinel-1A数据,采用SBAS-InSAR技术对该滑坡活动进行监测,获取研究区域内高精度地表形变信息(图7)。由于不同轨道SAR卫星对该滑坡形变敏感性不同,导致升降轨LOS向年平均形变速率在量级和形变特征上存在差异。升轨数据LOS向形变场的监测效果较好(图7(a)),滑坡不稳定区域年平均形变速率最大可达-100 mm/a,降轨数据对该坡体形变敏感性较差(图7(b)),最大形变速率达到80 mm/a。升降轨结果均显示,大量级形变主要发生于滑坡中下部,受河流冲刷影响较为严重,这可能是该区域形变量级较大的原因之一。为研究该滑坡形变的时间特征,选取图7中大量级形变点P1提取形变时间序列。由图8可见,该滑坡隐患在2021—2022年升轨LOS向的最大累积形变量超过-150 mm,降轨LOS向的最大累积形变量超过90 mm,形变速率呈稳定趋势。
为进一步分析滑坡形变的空间特征,以主要滑动方向为坡向作为约束条件,利用升降轨LOS向形变结果反演该滑坡体三维形变场(图9)。该滑坡整体形变方向为东北向,东西向年平均形变速率最大为100 mm/a,且形变量级较大区域分布在滑坡中下部,说明该区域常年受河水冲刷,导致该区域坡体稳定性较差,存在一定的失稳风险。南北向年平均形变速率整体超过60 mm/a,形变分布不均匀,这可能与滑坡表面的局部地形有关。滑坡垂直向形变分布较为均匀,年平均形变速率普遍介于-20~-40 mm/a之间,坡顶及坡底垂直向形变速率较高,介于-40~-60 mm/a之间。因此认为,该滑坡具有以水平滑移为主、沿坡向下的活动特征。
根据§2.2介绍的质量守恒法,分别设置不同的流变参数对该滑坡深度进行反演,流变参数分别设置为0.4、0.6、0.8、0.9,如图10所示。可以看出,改变流变参数的大小并不会改变滑坡深度的分布情况,但会改变相应滑坡深度值的大小,流变参数越小,反演所得的滑坡深度越深。
为了解该滑坡深度分布特征,利用前文提到的矢量倾斜法沿剖线AA′对该滑坡深度进行反演,并与质量守恒法反演得到的滑坡深度进行对比分析。由图11可见,不同流变参数反演得到的滑坡深度分布基本相同,利用矢量倾斜法反演得到的深度略大于质量守恒法反演结果,但整体分布基本一致。当f=0.8时,利用质量守恒法和矢量倾斜法反演得到的滑坡深度在坡顶和坡趾处吻合度较好。滑坡分布较厚区域主要位于滑坡中部,截面滑坡深度最大区域位于滑坡中上部,最大深度为52 m。
结合矢量倾斜法反演得到的轴线滑坡深度结果,可利用椭圆抛物面模型计算滑坡体积,以升轨影像年平均速率和轴线AA′为基础圈定椭圆抛物面,利用式(3)计算得到该滑坡的体积为22 426×107 m3。利用不同流变参数通过质量守恒方法反演得到的滑坡体积结果见表2,滑坡体积在(2.2~2.8)×107 m3。采用质量守恒法与椭圆抛物面模型反演得到的滑坡体积在量级上一致,当流变参数f=0.8时,两种方法反演得到的滑坡体积基本趋于一致,说明该滑坡土质压缩性较小,近似接近于刚体,稳定性较高。同时,通过对比质量守恒法与矢量倾斜法的滑坡深度及体积反演结果可知,二者无论是从在截面滑坡的深度还是滑坡体体积上,均表现出较强的一致性。通过对两种反演方法得出的结果进行交叉验证,证明本文对格石滑坡体深度和体积的反演结果具有一定的可靠性。
本文以木里藏族自治县及其周边区域为例,揭示了InSAR技术运用于滑坡隐患早期识别的优势,并结合可视性及敏感性分析,为高山峡谷区域的滑坡隐患早期识别提供参考。同时,以格石滑坡为例,分析其时序形变特征,为后续研究滑坡的成灾机理及形变预测提供依据。利用本文方法对格石滑坡体深度及体积进行反演,反映了利用非接触手段进行滑坡深度和体积反演的优势与可行性,该反演结果可为滑坡灾害影响分析提供可靠的数据基础。
  • 国家自然科学基金(42174032)
  • 陕西省科技创新团队(2021TD-51)
  • 陕西省地学大数据与地质灾害防治创新团队(2022)
  • 陕西省教育厅服务地方专项计划(23JE001)
  • 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(300102262206)
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2025年第45卷第6期
25
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doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.05.219
  • 接收时间:2024-05-10
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-06-15
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-10
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42174032)
国家自然科学基金(42174032)
Shaanxi Province Science and Technology Innovation Team(2021TD-51)
陕西省科技创新团队(2021TD-51)
Shaaxi Province Geoscience Big Data and Geohazard Prevention Innovation Team(2022)
陕西省地学大数据与地质灾害防治创新团队(2022)
Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Service Local Special Plan Project(23JE001)
陕西省教育厅服务地方专项计划(23JE001)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(300102262206)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(300102262206)
作者信息
    1 长安大学地质工程与测绘学院, 西安市雁塔路126号, 710054
    2 西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室, 西安市雁塔路126号, 710054
    3 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司, 西安市丈八东路18号, 710064

通讯作者:

杨成生,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为InSAR地质灾害监测理论与应用,E-mail:

YANG Chengsheng, professor, PhD supervisor, majors in theory and application of InSAR geological hazard monitoring, E-mail:

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ddcl/CN/10.14075/j.jgg.2024.05.219
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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