Article(id=1322940904817950837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1322940717152215106, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14075/j.jgg.2024.05.215, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1715097600000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793343290761, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1744646400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793343290761, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793343290761, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793343290761, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322940717152215106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, year='2025', volume='45', issue='4', pageStart='331', pageEnd='440', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1744646400000', pubDateStr='2025-04-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793343246019, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793343246019, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=431, endPage=435, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322940905208021111, articleId=1322940904817950837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=EN, title=The Influence of Array Types on Microtremor Exploration: Analysis from the Perspective of Apparent S-Velocity Profile, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

At 10 measurement points along the same survey line, observations were conducted using various array types such as double circular array, cross shaped array, and linear array. Then, we extracted dispersion curves, plotted apparent S-wave velocity profiles. The study obtained the following two results. Firstly, the apparent S-wave velocity profiles obtained from cross shaped array are basically consistent with those obtained from double circular array, and the delineated interfaces of geological layers are also generally consistent, but there are differences in the positions of velocity anomaly bodies delineated by the two types of arrays. Secondly, there are significant differences between the apparent S-wave velocity profiles of the linear array and the double circular array, and there are significant differences in the apparent S-wave velocity profiles obtained from the linear array with different orientations, as well as in the division of the soil rock interface. When conducting microtremor exploration, double circular array should be prioritized, cross shaped array should be used depending on the situation, and linear array should be used with caution.

, authors=Chuanjin LI1, 2, 3, Xiang JIAN4, Qiang WANG1, Haodong DING1, Tao ZHENG1, authorsList=Chuanjin LI, Xiang JIAN, Qiang WANG, Haodong DING, Tao ZHENG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

LI Chuanjin, PhD, associate professor, majors in microtremor exploration, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322940910295711882, articleId=1322940904817950837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=CN, title=台阵类型对微动勘探的影响——从视S波速度剖面角度分析, columnId=1322506256904994864, journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, columnName=观测技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

分别使用双重圆形、十字形和直线形等类型台阵观测同一条测线的10个测点,提取频散曲线,绘制视S波速度剖面图。结果表明:1)十字形台阵与双重圆形台阵的视S波速度剖面图基本一致,划分的地层分界面也基本一致,但2种台阵圈定的速度异常体位置有所不同;2)直线形台阵的视S波速度剖面图与双重圆形台阵的视S波速度剖面图有明显差异,且不同走向的直线形台阵获得的视S波速度剖面图有很大差异,划分的土石分界面也有明显差异。开展微动勘探时,应优先使用双重圆形台阵,视场地情况使用十字形台阵,谨慎使用直线形台阵。

, authors=李传金1, 2, 3, 渐翔4, 王强1, 丁浩东1, 郑涛1, authorsList=李传金, 渐翔, 王强, 丁浩东, 郑涛, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

李传金, 博士, 副教授, 主要从事微动勘探研究, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有,未经授权,不得转载。, copyrightOwner=大地测量与地球动力学编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=z6x/DmB2tYUknd3dcjFV0A==, magXml=ikKbfoitQJss6GWQ+Owfkg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=/7+SM1founwo5LG3uhbE7w==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=1iNn6KCHb4qei0tldp3msg==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322940913948950683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940904817950837, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=licj04@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322940914078974111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322940904817950837, authorId=1322940913948950683, language=EN, stringName=Chuanjin LI, firstName=Chuanjin, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, address=1 School of Civil Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, 69 South-Xuefu Road, Fuzhou 350118, China
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台阵类型对微动勘探的影响——从视S波速度剖面角度分析
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李传金 1, 2, 3 , 渐翔 4 , 王强 1 , 丁浩东 1 , 郑涛 1
大地测量与地球动力学 | 观测技术 2025,45(4): 431-435
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大地测量与地球动力学 |观测技术 2025 , 45 (4) : 431 -435
台阵类型对微动勘探的影响——从视S波速度剖面角度分析
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李传金1, 2, 3 , 渐翔4, 王强1, 丁浩东1, 郑涛1
作者信息
  • 1 福建理工大学土木工程学院, 福州市学府南路69号, 350118
  • 2 福建理工大学岩土工程研究所, 福州市学府南路69号, 350118
  • 3 福建理工大学地下工程福建省高校重点实验室, 福州市学府南路69号, 350118
  • 4 淮南市自然资源和规划局国土资源执法监察支队, 安徽省淮南市朝阳东路229号, 232001
作者简介:

李传金, 博士, 副教授, 主要从事微动勘探研究, E-mail:

The Influence of Array Types on Microtremor Exploration: Analysis from the Perspective of Apparent S-Velocity Profile
Chuanjin LI1, 2, 3 , Xiang JIAN4, Qiang WANG1, Haodong DING1, Tao ZHENG1
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Civil Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, 69 South-Xuefu Road, Fuzhou 350118, China
  • 2 Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, 69 South-Xuefu Road, Fuzhou 350118, China
  • 3 Key Laboratory of Underground Engineering, Fujian Province University, Fujian University of Technology, 69 South-Xuefu Road, Fuzhou 350118, China
  • 4 City Land and Resources Law Enforcement Supervision Detachment, Huainan Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning, 229 East-Chaoyang Road, Huainan 232001, China
  • LI Chuanjin, PhD, associate professor, majors in microtremor exploration, E-mail:

出版时间: 2025-04-15 doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.05.215
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分别使用双重圆形、十字形和直线形等类型台阵观测同一条测线的10个测点,提取频散曲线,绘制视S波速度剖面图。结果表明:1)十字形台阵与双重圆形台阵的视S波速度剖面图基本一致,划分的地层分界面也基本一致,但2种台阵圈定的速度异常体位置有所不同;2)直线形台阵的视S波速度剖面图与双重圆形台阵的视S波速度剖面图有明显差异,且不同走向的直线形台阵获得的视S波速度剖面图有很大差异,划分的土石分界面也有明显差异。开展微动勘探时,应优先使用双重圆形台阵,视场地情况使用十字形台阵,谨慎使用直线形台阵。

微动勘探  /  台阵  /  视S波速度剖面

At 10 measurement points along the same survey line, observations were conducted using various array types such as double circular array, cross shaped array, and linear array. Then, we extracted dispersion curves, plotted apparent S-wave velocity profiles. The study obtained the following two results. Firstly, the apparent S-wave velocity profiles obtained from cross shaped array are basically consistent with those obtained from double circular array, and the delineated interfaces of geological layers are also generally consistent, but there are differences in the positions of velocity anomaly bodies delineated by the two types of arrays. Secondly, there are significant differences between the apparent S-wave velocity profiles of the linear array and the double circular array, and there are significant differences in the apparent S-wave velocity profiles obtained from the linear array with different orientations, as well as in the division of the soil rock interface. When conducting microtremor exploration, double circular array should be prioritized, cross shaped array should be used depending on the situation, and linear array should be used with caution.

microtremor exploration  /  array  /  apparent S-wave velocity profile
李传金, 渐翔, 王强, 丁浩东, 郑涛. 台阵类型对微动勘探的影响——从视S波速度剖面角度分析. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2025 , 45 (4) : 431 -435 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.05.215
Chuanjin LI, Xiang JIAN, Qiang WANG, Haodong DING, Tao ZHENG. The Influence of Array Types on Microtremor Exploration: Analysis from the Perspective of Apparent S-Velocity Profile[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2025 , 45 (4) : 431 -435 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.05.215
微动勘探法是基于台阵采集微动信号,从微动信号中提取面波的频散曲线,再通过反演频散曲线获得地下介质的横波速度结构。常采用空间自相关法处理微动勘探法获得的数据[1]。理论上,空间自相关法要求台阵为圆形[2]。但实际应用中,受场地条件限制,有时难以布置成圆形台阵。为此,学者们研究了直线形、十字形、T形、L形等类型台阵[2-4],并且对比了不同台阵对微动探测效果的影响[5-7]。
对于不同台阵对微动勘探结果的影响,现有研究主要从单点观测的角度分析[5-6],缺少直接从剖面角度的研究。为此,本文选择一个空旷的实验场地,在同一条测线分别使用双重圆形、十字形和直线形等不同类型台阵采集微动数据,绘制视S波速度剖面图,对比不同台阵获得的视S波速度剖面图差异,给出台阵使用建议。
本文采用空间自相关法[1]处理微动数据,提取频散曲线。对于多点观测,可以选择频散曲线反演后合成横波速度剖面图,也可以选择计算视S波速度并合成剖面图。本文采用后者,通过计算勘探深度H和视S波速度Vx,最后合成剖面图。勘探深度H=aVr/2f,其中f为频率,Vr为相速度,a为校正系数,本文取a=1。相速度Vr转换为视S波速度Vx的公式为[8]:
$V_{x, i}=\left(\frac{t_i V_{r, i}^4-t_{i-1} V_{r, i-1}^4}{t_i-t_{i-1}}\right)^{\frac{1}{4}}$
式中,i为频散曲线上第i个频点;ti为周期;Vx为视S波速度。
在某平整的建筑施工场地进行实验,测点布置如图1所示。剖面为东西走向,长度为90 m,共布设10个测点P1~P10,测点间距为10 m。在10个测点中,P2~P6点的地表为水泥地面,其他测点的地表为人工填土。
本次野外数据采集设计的台阵为双重圆形、十字形、直线形L1和直线形L2,台阵布置如图2所示。本次数据采集未单独布设直线形台阵,而是由十字形台阵分解成2个方向的直线形台阵,直线形台阵L1为东西方向布设,直线形台阵L2为南北方向布设。
采用EPS便携数字地震仪采集微动数据,采样频率为100 Hz。选择晴朗微风天气进行观测。实验前,将仪器集中放置进行一致性检验,之后将仪器放在相应点位。对于人工填土地面,将土体铲平压实,再将仪器水平放置,对于硬化地面,直接放置仪器并调平。每个测点观测30~40 min。
数据采集完成后,对微动数据进行预处理,先计算空间自相关系数,再使用扩展空间自相关(ESPAC)法[9]提取频散曲线,计算视S波速度曲线,最终获得视S波速度剖面图。下面以第8个测点(P8)采用双重圆形台阵观测为例说明数据处理过程:
1) 微动信号预处理。双重圆形台阵共有7台地震仪进行观测。采集数据后对微动数据进行预处理,剔除受干扰严重的数据段。图3(a)为其中一段微动信号的波形,时长为60 s。
2) 计算空间自相关系数。按40.96 s对微动信号进行分段。对于每段数据,计算2个台间的空间自相关函数,对相同台间距的空间自相关函数进行叠加平均,获得空间自相关系数。计算完所有数据段的空间自相关系数后,计算空间自相关系数的均值和标准差。双重圆形台阵有5个台间距,每个台间距计算1个空间自相关系数,图3(b)显示了这5个台间距的空间自相关系数。
3) 提取频散曲线。采用ESPAC法计算频散曲线。图3(c)为频谱图,相速度范围为10~400 m/s,间隔为10 m/s,频率范围为0.1~10 Hz,间隔为0.1 Hz。计算零阶贝塞尔函数和实测值的自相关系数的残差,对残差进行归一化处理。用不同颜色表示归一化后的残差,最小的残差用红色表示,残差大于0.3的部分用蓝色表示。将残差最小值处的相速度连线,获得频散曲线。
4) 计算视S波速度Vx。获得频散曲线后,如果是单点观测,一般是对频散曲线进行反演,以获得地层介质的S波速度结构。由于频散曲线反演的多解性和模式误判会造成反演结果的不确定性,因此选择视S波速度来反映地层岩性和构造变化。通过式(1)将相速度Vr转换为视S波速度Vx,结果如图3(d)所示。
5) 绘制视S波速度剖面图。对测线上所有测点(P1~P10)的视S波速度进行插值和光滑,再进行二维成图,获得微动视S波速度剖面,利用视S波速度剖面图进行地质解释。
图4~7为使用不同台阵获得的视S波速度剖面图。微动勘探的深度范围为0~100 m。参考邻近钻孔资料对剖面图进行解释,并划分地层,圈定速度异常体,勾画土石分界面。
图4为采用双重圆形台阵获得的视S波速度剖面图,参考钻孔资料,在剖面中自上而下划分6套地层,具体解释如下:
1) 素填土-粉质黏土层。该层厚度约8 m,波速等值线没有成层分布。导致该现象的原因为:1)人工填土的土体性质差异较大;2)受台阵尺寸的影响,频谱图在高频部分的能量集中度较差,难以有效提取高频部分的频散曲线质量。
2) 淤泥层。该层厚度约5 m,底界埋深约12~16 m。钻孔揭示,该层呈深灰、灰黑色,鳞片状结构,饱和,流塑状。该层的视S波速度约为80~140 m/s,且该层的速度有明显减小现象。
3) 粉质黏土层。该层厚度约10 m,底界埋深约19~25 m,视S波速度约为160~240 m/s。钻孔揭示,该层呈灰黄、褐黄色,饱和,可塑状,含少量石英细砂,局部含铁锰质结核。
4) 中砂层。该层厚度不均匀,约6~12 m,中部厚,两边薄,底界起伏较大,埋深约28~36 m,视S波速度约为240~300 m/s。
5) 全风化-碎块状强风化花岗岩层。该层厚度约20~30 m,底界埋深约55~62 m,视S波速度约为300~380 m/s。根据钻孔资料,本层包括全风化花岗岩、砂土状强风化花岗岩和碎块状强风化花岗岩3种地层。原岩结构已完全破坏,岩体完整性程度为极破碎-破碎,岩心呈土状、砂土状或碎块状。该层存在速度异常体,推测为岩体风化残留物。
6) 中风化花岗岩层。按视S波速度为380 m/s划分该地层。需说明的是,地层界面是按视S波速度划分,而不是S波速度。
图5为采用十字形台阵勘探获得的视S波速度剖面图,按照速度将剖面划分为6套地层,参考邻近钻孔资料进行解释。剖面分析结果表明:1)在花岗岩岩层中,十字形台阵圈定的速度异常体位置与双重圆形台阵圈定的位置有所不同;2)对于其他地层,如素填土-粉质黏土层、淤泥层、粉质黏土层、中砂层等地层的底界和厚度,十字形台阵与双重圆形台阵的勘探结果基本一致。
图6为使用直线形台阵L1得到的视S波速度剖面图,图7为使用直线形台阵L2得到的视S波速度剖面图,将二者与双重圆形台阵和十字形台阵得到的视S波速度剖面图对比,可以发现:1)直线形台阵布设方向不同时,不同岩土体界面的划分结果存在明显差异。直线形台阵L2划分的全风化-碎块状强风化花岗岩与中分化花岗岩分界面埋深为52~60 m,而直线形台阵L1划分的分界面埋深为37~40 m。2)直线形台阵L1的视S波速度剖面图中,全风化-碎块状强风化层的厚度约为7~12 m,低于其他台阵的结果,且该层中未探测出明显的速度异常体。3)相对于双重圆形台阵和十字形台阵的勘探结果,直线形台阵L1和L2的部分勘探点对低速层的划分效果较差,低速层的界线不清晰。
1) 十字形台阵和双重圆形台阵的视S波速度剖面图基本一致,划分的地层分界面也基本一致,但2种台阵圈定的速度异常体位置有所不同。
2) 直线形台阵的视S波速度剖面图与双重圆形台阵的视S波速度剖面图有明显差异,且不同走向的直线形台阵获得的视S波速度剖面图有很大差异,划分的土石分界面也有明显差异。
3) 在使用微动勘探法时,为确保勘探结果的准确性,应优先选择双重圆形台阵,视场地情况使用十字形台阵,谨慎使用直线形台阵。
  • 中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-ZS-2021-3-1)
  • 福建省自然科学基金(2023J01939)
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doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.05.215
  • 接收时间:2024-05-08
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-04-15
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-08
基金
Key Research Program of CAS(ZDRW-ZS-2021-3-1)
中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-ZS-2021-3-1)
Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2023J01939)
福建省自然科学基金(2023J01939)
作者信息
    1 福建理工大学土木工程学院, 福州市学府南路69号, 350118
    2 福建理工大学岩土工程研究所, 福州市学府南路69号, 350118
    3 福建理工大学地下工程福建省高校重点实验室, 福州市学府南路69号, 350118
    4 淮南市自然资源和规划局国土资源执法监察支队, 安徽省淮南市朝阳东路229号, 232001
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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