Article(id=1322959410133336595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, issueId=1322959347470442879, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.14075/j.jgg.2024.04.160, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1712592000000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793347702772, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1739548800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793347702772, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793347702772, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793347702772, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322959347470442879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, year='2025', volume='45', issue='2', pageStart='111', pageEnd='220', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1739548800000', pubDateStr='2025-02-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793347687833, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793347687833, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext=null, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=190, endPage=194, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322959410313691668, articleId=1322959410133336595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=EN, title=Research on Vibration Isolation Effect of Site Ground Motion Caused by High-Speed Railway Operation, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In traditional techniques, trenching is generally used to reduce the impact of high-speed trains on surrounding buildings. To explore the effectiveness of this method, we use a combination of numerical simulation and on-site experiment to verify the vibration isolation effect of isolation ditches. Based on large-scale finite element software, we compare numerical models with on-site experimental results, and analyze the dispersion characteristics of Rayleigh wave elliptical polarization as high-speed trains pass through viaduct. The results show that when high-speed trains pass through viaduct, a stable surface wave field is formed, which is like the excitation of a single point seismic source. When an isolation ditch is installed on the line, the soil vibration behind isolation ditch shows a certain degree of attenuation, and the isolation effect is obvious.

, authors=Shijie LIU1, Li ZHANG2, Yulan SONG3, Qingling DU4, authorsList=Shijie LIU, Li ZHANG, Yulan SONG, Qingling DU, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

LIU Shijie, PhD, lecturer, majors in surface wave exploration and engineering geology, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=All rights reserved, without authorization, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322959413912404521, articleId=1322959410133336595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, language=CN, title=高速铁路运行引发场地地振动隔振效果研究, columnId=1322506256904994864, journalTitle=大地测量与地球动力学, columnName=观测技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

传统工艺一般采用开挖沟渠的方式来减少高速列车运行对周边建筑物的影响, 为了探究该方法的有效性, 本文采用数值模拟与现场实验相结合的方式来验证隔振沟的隔振效果。基于大型有限元软件, 通过对比数值模型与现场实验结果, 分析高铁列车经过高架桥时瑞利面波椭圆极化率的频散特征。结果表明, 与单点震源激发类似, 高速列车从高架桥通过时呈现均匀稳定的面波传播特征, 当线路设有隔振沟时, 后方地基的振动会表现出一定的抑制作用, 隔振效果明显。

, authors=刘世杰1, 张立2, 宋玉兰3, 杜清岭4, authorsList=刘世杰, 张立, 宋玉兰, 杜清岭, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

刘世杰, 博士, 讲师, 主要从事面波勘探和工程地质研究, E-mail:

, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有,未经授权。, copyrightOwner=大地测量与地球动力学编辑部, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=Xlpq3zzAZaFpGnTnNi2/WQ==, magXml=3rrje7zKiZSsvIYJQO2v1Q==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=tXMi9rB/3zYVxSNe+5FDaQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=7+x2ix4h9SoABZG3sEI/ZA==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322959414545744439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322959410133336595, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=20211013@llu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322959414617047609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322959410133336595, authorId=1322959414545744439, language=EN, stringName=Shijie LIU, firstName=Shijie, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1 Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Lüliang University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Lüliang 033001, China, bio={"content":"

LIU Shijie, PhD, lecturer, majors in surface wave exploration and engineering geology, E-mail:

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LIU Shijie, PhD, lecturer, majors in surface wave exploration and engineering geology, E-mail:

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刘世杰, 博士, 讲师, 主要从事面波勘探和工程地质研究, E-mail:

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刘世杰, 博士, 讲师, 主要从事面波勘探和工程地质研究, E-mail:

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Elastic parameters of materials in the model

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
深度 土质 密度/kg·m-3 弹性模量/MPa 泊松比 黏聚力/kPa 内摩擦角/(°)
1~ 10 m 稍密砂质黄土 1 600 100 0.29 20 23
10~ 30 m 中压缩性黏质黄土 1 700 120 0.33 26 24
30~ 50 m 低压缩性黏质黄土 1 750 140 0.37 30 25
- 混凝土 2 500 30 000 0.25 - -
), ArticleFig(id=1322959419650212457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1281212831689347082, articleId=1322959410133336595, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

模型中材料的弹性参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
深度 土质 密度/kg·m-3 弹性模量/MPa 泊松比 黏聚力/kPa 内摩擦角/(°)
1~ 10 m 稍密砂质黄土 1 600 100 0.29 20 23
10~ 30 m 中压缩性黏质黄土 1 700 120 0.33 26 24
30~ 50 m 低压缩性黏质黄土 1 750 140 0.37 30 25
- 混凝土 2 500 30 000 0.25 - -
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高速铁路运行引发场地地振动隔振效果研究
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刘世杰 1 , 张立 2 , 宋玉兰 3 , 杜清岭 4
大地测量与地球动力学 | 观测技术 2025,45(2): 190-194
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大地测量与地球动力学 |观测技术 2025 , 45 (2) : 190 -194
高速铁路运行引发场地地振动隔振效果研究
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刘世杰1 , 张立2, 宋玉兰3, 杜清岭4
作者信息
  • 1 吕梁学院建筑与土木工程系, 山西省吕梁市学院路1号, 033001
  • 2 西南交通大学地球科学与工程学院, 成都市犀安路999号, 611756
  • 3 浙江水利水电学院建筑工程学院, 杭州市2号大街508号, 310018
  • 4 黄淮学院建筑工程学院, 河南省驻马店市开源路6号, 463000
作者简介:

刘世杰, 博士, 讲师, 主要从事面波勘探和工程地质研究, E-mail:

Research on Vibration Isolation Effect of Site Ground Motion Caused by High-Speed Railway Operation
Shijie LIU1 , Li ZHANG2, Yulan SONG3, Qingling DU4
Affiliations
  • 1 Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Lüliang University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Lüliang 033001, China
  • 2 Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 999 Xi'an Road, Chengdu 611756, China
  • 3 Faculty of Architecture and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, 508 Second Street, Hangzhou 310018, China
  • 4 Faculty of Architecture and Engineering, Huanghuai University, 6 Kaiyuan Road, Zhumadian 463000, China
  • LIU Shijie, PhD, lecturer, majors in surface wave exploration and engineering geology, E-mail:

出版时间: 2025-02-15 doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.04.160
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传统工艺一般采用开挖沟渠的方式来减少高速列车运行对周边建筑物的影响, 为了探究该方法的有效性, 本文采用数值模拟与现场实验相结合的方式来验证隔振沟的隔振效果。基于大型有限元软件, 通过对比数值模型与现场实验结果, 分析高铁列车经过高架桥时瑞利面波椭圆极化率的频散特征。结果表明, 与单点震源激发类似, 高速列车从高架桥通过时呈现均匀稳定的面波传播特征, 当线路设有隔振沟时, 后方地基的振动会表现出一定的抑制作用, 隔振效果明显。

高速列车  /  瑞利面波  /  数值模拟  /  椭圆极化率频散  /  隔振效果

In traditional techniques, trenching is generally used to reduce the impact of high-speed trains on surrounding buildings. To explore the effectiveness of this method, we use a combination of numerical simulation and on-site experiment to verify the vibration isolation effect of isolation ditches. Based on large-scale finite element software, we compare numerical models with on-site experimental results, and analyze the dispersion characteristics of Rayleigh wave elliptical polarization as high-speed trains pass through viaduct. The results show that when high-speed trains pass through viaduct, a stable surface wave field is formed, which is like the excitation of a single point seismic source. When an isolation ditch is installed on the line, the soil vibration behind isolation ditch shows a certain degree of attenuation, and the isolation effect is obvious.

high-speed train  /  Rayleigh wave  /  numerical simulation  /  elliptical polarization dispersion  /  vibration isolation effect
刘世杰, 张立, 宋玉兰, 杜清岭. 高速铁路运行引发场地地振动隔振效果研究. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2025 , 45 (2) : 190 -194 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.04.160
Shijie LIU, Li ZHANG, Yulan SONG, Qingling DU. Research on Vibration Isolation Effect of Site Ground Motion Caused by High-Speed Railway Operation[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2025 , 45 (2) : 190 -194 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.04.160
高速铁路在带来便捷的同时也引发一系列问题,特别是高铁行进过程中的巨大振动会对周边建筑及生态环境产生影响[1],通常采用设置声音屏障、增加绿化等方式减少噪音的影响[2]。为减少高铁对地面建筑的影响,部分学者结合公路减振效果提出挖隔振沟的方法[3]。自瑞利面波浅地层地质问题提出以来,许多学者对瑞利面波勘探理论与方法进行了大量研究并取得诸多成果[4]。瑞利面波的椭圆极化率特征与底层介质的关系由最初的单点谱比法(H/V谱比法)演化而来,通过计算三分量检波器采集的地脉动信息,用水平分量与垂直分量的傅里叶谱幅值谱比来估计场地特征[5]。该方法可以采取单点计算的方式,比多道面波分析法(multichannel analysis of surface waves, MASW)便捷,同时在探测深度上也更有优势[6-7]。椭圆极化率的频散特性绝大部分集中在二维空间范围内,本文采用三维数值建模方式,可使面波特征研究更加全面[8-9]。面波理论在高铁振动中的应用研究相对较晚,主要是对高铁震源及其时频曲线、子波函数等进行分析[10-11]。因此,本文创造性地将高铁震源与面波理论相结合,将行驶的列车作为激发源,利用面波极化特性来研究减振效果,可极大地丰富面波理论的适用范围,同时也为高铁运行理论研究作出一定贡献。
本文选取郑西高铁渭南北站K988+848高架下某段作为研究区,所选区域场地宽阔,测试条件较好,附近无其他公路或铁路线路的影响,便于单独采集数据来进行地面振动效应分析,同时也利于面波椭圆极化率频散特征分析。
本文选用ABAQUS作为数值模拟软件,该软件为大型有限元软件,拥有超强的计算能力,同时具有众多单元库可供选择。
结合本文研究,采用主频为20 Hz的雷克子波作为震源,其表达式为:
$\begin{gathered}u(t)=\left[1-2\left(\pi f_0\right)^2-\left(t-t_0\right)^2\right] \\\quad \exp \left[-\left(\pi f_0\right)^2-\left(t-t_0\right)^2\right]\end{gathered}$
式中,t为雷克子波传播时间,f0为雷克子波主频,t0为雷克子波主频出现的时刻。
地层结构为三维空间,故在数值模拟中建立三维空间模型,模型沿轨道长度为132.8 m,垂直于轨道的水平中心线长度为410 m,土层厚度为50 m,如图1所示。模型整体采用无限元边界,土体底部固定,四边均为黏弹性边界(地面阻尼弹簧),地面仍然为一个自由表面。为使计算效率更高,轨道附近的网格应很细,离轨道越远网格越粗糙。高铁桥梁为简支梁桥,单跨32.5 m,共4跨,墩柱高10 m;承台桩基础深17 m,桩基础和承台各部件均采用C3D8网格类型。模型中各部件参数见表1。在距离桥墩74~75 m处设置一条空沟,平行于列车运行方向,沟长设置为20 m,宽度设置为1 m,深度6 m,接收点位设置在垂直轨道沿线,距离桥墩处15 m为第1个接收点,每隔10 m布置1个,即偏移距为15 m,道间距为10 m,总共19个点,测线长180 m,具体如图2所示。
1) 波场快照。图3为列车通过未挖沟时均匀地层的垂直分量波场特征,可以看出,该波场传播特点与单点震源类似,均呈现均匀稳定的面波传播特征(图3(a)),尤其是在初始阶段,具有明显的点震源传播特征,可以视为数个点震源独立激发,特别是在高架桥间距较大的情况下,此种传播特征更加明显。每个震源激发的波场区域均能看到明显的直达P波与瑞利面波(图3(a)中红色区域)。随着时间的推移,在传播后期由于受到多波的干涉影响,面波与P波等已经很难被分辨出来,尤其是近地表面波已经无法分辨。但在桥墩上依然能够分辨出面波的传播特征,说明传播后期桥墩承受了更多的荷载压力,这与实际中桥墩的受力相似,在超过一定荷载压力时,桥墩更易产生裂缝。
2) 合成地震记录分析与处理。图4为列车速度在200 km/h时未挖沟状况下的合成地震记录。从图4(a)可以看到明显的直达P波,这与波场快照呈现的特征相符。在1 000 ms以前,传播特征与单点震源相似,具有明显的面波传播特征。随着时间的推移,当列车经过时每个桥墩均可视为一个近似点震源,1 000 ms以后干涉现象严重,已无明显的面波传播特征。图4(b)为沿测线方向的水平X分量,从中也可观察到类似的现象。通过研究分析可知,在相同的放大系数下,3个分量中垂直于测线的Y分量能量强度最低,与其余2个分量相差一个数量级。这与单点震源激发时沿剪切方向的传播特征相似,也从另一个角度说明了二维空间建模时选取水平分量与垂直分量进行分析的合理性。尽管受到多震源影响,但沿列车运行方向的Y分量能量强度仍较低。
图5为列车速度在200 km/h时有沟状况下的合成地震记录,可以看出,在相同的放大系数下,三分量的合成地震与均匀无沟时相比能量强度急剧下降。不仅沿列车移动方向的水平Y分量,甚至Z分量与X分量在有沟情况下能量强度减幅均很大。尽管从图5(a)中能够分辨出直达P波,但与均匀无沟情况相比仍减弱很多,说明通过挖沟的方式可以很好地减弱波的能量强度,达到隔振效果。从图5(a)还可以看出,尽管能量强度有所减弱,但在3个分量中垂直Z分量的能量强度依然最强,水平分量的能量强度则要弱很多,这也与单点震源的结果类似,具有较高的研究价值。
对均质模型地震波水平分量和垂直分量进行一维傅里叶变换,计算其频谱比以获得相应的椭圆极化率Er,通过时深转换计算勘探深度,生成椭圆极化频散剖面。在震源近场区,由于受体波等因素的干扰,椭圆极化率Er的高低值会呈放射状交替出现的现象。随着偏移距的增大,这种现象会逐渐减弱,椭圆极化率Er也逐渐趋于单一和稳定。在均匀介质中Er无频散现象,是一个稳定的常数。椭圆极化率可以根据单点采集,相较于合成地震记录具有更高的敏感性。
图6为列车速度在200 km/h时无沟均匀状况下椭圆极化率频散分析剖面。可以看出,在距离震源较近的区域椭圆极化率相对较高,尤其是在75 m范围内极值很高,说明在近场区域主要受制于体波等干扰波的影响,无法形成稳定的面波区域;但在135 m之外的远场区域,椭圆极化率趋于常数,能够形成稳定的面波区域。列车在高架桥上运行时,桥墩相当于连续激发的固定震源,因此在偏移距135 m之外、4~6 m深度区间内仍存在明显干扰波,以至于该区域椭圆极化率较高,影响较为明显,但相较于近场区域,该区域已经接近于稳定的面波区域。
图7为列车速度在200 km/h时有沟情况下椭圆极化率频散特征剖面,隔振沟位置在75 m处。可以看出,当面波传到隔振沟位置后,椭圆极化率急剧下降,接近于无沟情况时的稳定区域,说明该处隔振沟的设置取得的效果良好,甚至比无沟均匀地层时更好,但仍会受到高铁运行近似于多震源的影响,在偏移距75~135 m和135~195 m、4~6 m深度区间内仍存在干扰波,致使椭圆极化率出现异常,部分区域椭圆极化率变高,这与合成地震记录的结果一致。但相较于合成地震记录,椭圆极化率的敏感性体现得较为明显,能够迅速看到异常的存在。
结合数值模拟结果与研究背景,选取郑西高铁渭南北站K988+848高架下某段作为研究对象,与数值模拟设置相同测线,距离桥墩处15 m为第1个接收点,每隔10 m布置1个,即偏移距为15 m,道间距为10 m,共19个点,测线长180 m。图8为数据采集现场。
图9为列车通过时实测地震记录,其与数值模拟结果高度吻合。从图9(a)和9(b)可以看出,明显的直达P波在通过隔振沟(75 m处)以后能量强度急剧下降,说明通过挖沟的方式可以很好地减弱波的能量强度,达到隔振效果。同理,在相同的放大系数下,3个分量中垂直于测线的Y分量能量强度最低。尽管受到多震源的影响,但沿列车运行方向的Y分量能量强度仍较低。
图10为列车通过时有沟情况下利用实测数据获得的椭圆极化率频散剖面,可以看出,在近场源15~75 m范围内椭圆极化率较高,说明列车震动对地面的影响较大。但当面波传到隔振沟位置(75 m处)后,椭圆极化率明显降低,数值趋于稳定。由于高铁运行也会受近似于多震源的影响,在偏移距75~195 m、4~6 m深度区间内,部分区域椭圆极化率出现异常,如图10中135~195 m黄色区域和绿色区域等,也可能是由于现场其他因素的影响。上述现象充分体现出椭圆极化率的敏感性,能够迅速看到异常的存在。
1) 从高速列车通过时波场快照和地震合成记录可以明显看出,沿测线方向分量与垂直地面分量的能量强度近似,垂直测线方向分量的能量强度最低,这与实测数据相符,验证了从地震学角度分析高铁震动的可行性。高铁列车从高架桥通过时的波场传播特点与单点震源激发的波场类似,呈现均匀稳定的面波传播特征,尤其是在初始阶段,具有明显的点震源传播特征,可以看作数个点震源独立激发。在高架桥间距较大的情况下,这种传播特征更加明显。在每个高铁震源激发的波场区域均能看到明显的直达P波与瑞利面波,当列车通过速度较快时,其形成的稳定面波区域比速度慢时要大。
2) 对比分析现场实验与数值模拟结果可知,挖沟可起到明显的隔振效果,表明现场实验方法具有合理性与可行性。不同运行速度和振动强度的列车在通过挖沟区域后隔振效果非常明显,尤其是在车辆运行速度较快时会受到诸多杂波(反射波、折射波)的影响,但通过对椭圆极化率进行分析可知,隔振效果依然明显。当高铁线路设有隔振沟时,面波通过隔振沟后土体振动均呈现一定程度的衰减。受制于铁路沿线地质条件,空沟施工难度大,且若长期受到列车振动的影响,极易发生局部失稳而塌陷。但在实际工程中,往往会向空沟内填充材料,增强其实用性和稳定性。通过对比椭圆极化率可知,波速传播慢的介质隔振效果更好,建议在沟内填充各种低速材料,在保证隔振效果的同时又可增强沟壁的稳定性。
  • 吕梁市引进高层次科技人才重点研发项目(2022RC23)
  • 山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2022L566)
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doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2024.04.160
  • 接收时间:2024-04-09
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2025-02-15
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-09
基金
Key Research and Development Project for Introduced High-Level Scientific Talents of Lüliang City(2022RC23)
吕梁市引进高层次科技人才重点研发项目(2022RC23)
Scientific Innovation Program of Higher Education of Shanxi Province(2022L566)
山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2022L566)
作者信息
    1 吕梁学院建筑与土木工程系, 山西省吕梁市学院路1号, 033001
    2 西南交通大学地球科学与工程学院, 成都市犀安路999号, 611756
    3 浙江水利水电学院建筑工程学院, 杭州市2号大街508号, 310018
    4 黄淮学院建筑工程学院, 河南省驻马店市开源路6号, 463000
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species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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