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The integration of mobile edge computing(MEC)and wireless power transfer(WPT)can effectively alleviate the constraints of limited computing resources and battery capacity in wireless devices. To address the dynamic energy-efficient offloading problem in wireless-powered MEC systems under a nonlinear energy harvesting model, this paper proposes an energy consumption optimization algorithm based on Lyapunov optimization theory. By jointly optimizing the server's computing frequency, the energy station's transmit power, task offloading time, device transmit power, and local computing frequency, the algorithm minimizes the system's long-term average energy consumption while ensuring system stability. The stochastic optimization problem is transformed into a time-slot-based deterministic subproblem using Lyapunov optimization and solved through the Lagrange multiplier method and an improved whale optimization algorithm. Simulation results show that, compared with benchmark schemes, the proposed offloading strategy significantly reduces system energy consumption while maintaining long-term task queue stability.
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移动边缘计算(mobile edge computing,MEC)和无线能量传输(wireless power transfer,WPT)结合,可以有效缓解无线设备计算资源与电池能量受限问题。针对非线性能量收集模型下无线供能移动边缘计算系统的动态节能卸载问题,提出了一种基于Lyapunov优化理论的能耗优化算法。通过联合优化服务器计算频率、能量站发射功率、任务卸载时间、设备传输功率和本地计算频率,在保证系统稳定性的同时,最小化系统长期平均能量消耗;通过Lyapunov优化理论将随机优化问题转换为基于时隙的确定性子问题,并利用拉格朗日乘子法和改进鲸鱼优化算法进行求解。仿真结果表明,与基准方案对比,提出的计算卸载方案在保证任务队列长期稳定的同时,显著降低系统所需能量。
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1School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, P. R. China
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1重庆邮电大学 通信与信息工程学院,重庆 400065
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唐宏,教授,博士,主要研究方向为移动通信、计算机网络、大数据技术与应用。E-mail: tangh@cqupt.edu.cn。
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唐宏,教授,博士,主要研究方向为移动通信、计算机网络、大数据技术与应用。E-mail: tangh@cqupt.edu.cn。
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1School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, P. R. China
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戴佳妤,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为移动边缘计算、移动通信。E-mail: s220101021@cqupt.edu.cn。
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戴佳妤,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为移动边缘计算、移动通信。E-mail: s220101021@cqupt.edu.cn。
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1School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, P. R. China
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1重庆邮电大学 通信与信息工程学院,重庆 400065
2重庆邮电大学 移动通信技术重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400065, bio={"content":"
赵文卓,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为边缘计算、移动通信、计算机网络。E-mail: zwzcqsl228@163.com。
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赵文卓,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为边缘计算、移动通信、计算机网络。E-mail: zwzcqsl228@163.com。
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1School of Communications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, P. R. China
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1重庆邮电大学 通信与信息工程学院,重庆 400065
2重庆邮电大学 移动通信技术重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400065, bio={"content":"
冯琛,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为通信系统、移动通信、计算机网络。E-mail: fengc3003@163.com。
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冯琛,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为通信系统、移动通信、计算机网络。E-mail: fengc3003@163.com。
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多用户无线供能移动边缘计算系统模型, figureFileSmall=6bZV1uT6RXupt/yFRbklWA==, figureFileBig=JbPRb532E8ZQvXLD9CMvWw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458187174556293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Average queue length of users under different V values, figureFileSmall=z8wzpAW9FRWwAdwwMCKGMw==, figureFileBig=Im/HTUqF9RlTLhrOR4Ps8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458187275219591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
不同V值下的用户平均队列长度, figureFileSmall=z8wzpAW9FRWwAdwwMCKGMw==, figureFileBig=Im/HTUqF9RlTLhrOR4Ps8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458187346522762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
System average energy consumption under different V values, figureFileSmall=MkJbX4fitPXfdpmP/Qp+mA==, figureFileBig=XHnb1Yg67j5a9y1GjRRXeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458187417825930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
不同V值下的系统平均能耗, figureFileSmall=MkJbX4fitPXfdpmP/Qp+mA==, figureFileBig=XHnb1Yg67j5a9y1GjRRXeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458187501712010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Average queue length of users under different numbers of users, figureFileSmall=B5QICvkXsIxLV87Gc7rRSg==, figureFileBig=g5kc2Bc787/49MTBRME9dA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458187573015180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
不同用户数量下的用户平均队列长度, figureFileSmall=B5QICvkXsIxLV87Gc7rRSg==, figureFileBig=g5kc2Bc787/49MTBRME9dA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458187673678478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Average queue length of server under different numbers of users, figureFileSmall=2xo8s6zVpFZWVWjqiCdwuQ==, figureFileBig=BQDijOxD6BxbO2X0rB17Dg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458187749175952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
不同用户数量下的服务器平均队列长度, figureFileSmall=2xo8s6zVpFZWVWjqiCdwuQ==, figureFileBig=BQDijOxD6BxbO2X0rB17Dg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458187828867728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Systemaverage energy consumption under different numbers of users, figureFileSmall=GMCx6jvm1J1jOStx8DAtmg==, figureFileBig=bmcctn3x9FkGTHn45ZDQCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458187891782289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
不同用户数量下的系统平均能耗, figureFileSmall=GMCx6jvm1J1jOStx8DAtmg==, figureFileBig=bmcctn3x9FkGTHn45ZDQCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458187971474066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Average queue length of users under different task arrival rates, figureFileSmall=tAeiQgsZXDNd4vTaC8LBHw==, figureFileBig=U826bWL7nI3O0AC/kuCsMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458188051165844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
不同任务到达率下的用户平均队列长度, figureFileSmall=tAeiQgsZXDNd4vTaC8LBHw==, figureFileBig=U826bWL7nI3O0AC/kuCsMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458188139246229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Average queue length of server under different task arrival rates, figureFileSmall=6kyH4WJfAWmXcWbkbDLAwA==, figureFileBig=jQGXfXUsGgDP93xBGhpTEA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458188214743702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
不同任务到达率下的服务器平均队列长度, figureFileSmall=6kyH4WJfAWmXcWbkbDLAwA==, figureFileBig=jQGXfXUsGgDP93xBGhpTEA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458188286046872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Systemaverage energy consumption under different task arrival rates, figureFileSmall=wAJTBWdK/AhBuw92xbQhlw==, figureFileBig=d/LmLcPJIWijwuUg14B6yQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458188361544346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
不同任务到达率下的系统平均能耗, figureFileSmall=wAJTBWdK/AhBuw92xbQhlw==, figureFileBig=d/LmLcPJIWijwuUg14B6yQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458188432847516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Average queue length of users under different schemes, figureFileSmall=6nl3RnAmT0f2dvIfbIwvUw==, figureFileBig=ckGEe2L3ojnX3Y/kh49G5Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458188504150686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
不同方案下的用户平均队列长度, figureFileSmall=6nl3RnAmT0f2dvIfbIwvUw==, figureFileBig=ckGEe2L3ojnX3Y/kh49G5Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458188558676640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
Average queue length of server under different schemes, figureFileSmall=my1jR8fkmegIYt99cl99EQ==, figureFileBig=ObXDNvMgi1GK/FI8X0yDrw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458188617396897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
不同方案下的服务器平均队列长度, figureFileSmall=my1jR8fkmegIYt99cl99EQ==, figureFileBig=ObXDNvMgi1GK/FI8X0yDrw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458188680311459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
System average energy consumption under different schemes, figureFileSmall=qDjh2Q7Ye2ELYOMEMHOE6A==, figureFileBig=qvfl6XppWMCj8ylt4SO0Uw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458188743226020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
不同方案下的系统平均能耗, figureFileSmall=qDjh2Q7Ye2ELYOMEMHOE6A==, figureFileBig=qvfl6XppWMCj8ylt4SO0Uw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458188814529189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Simulation parameters setting
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数符号 | 含义 | 参数值 |
|---|
| τ/s | 时隙长度 | 1 |
| Ck/(cycles·bit-1) | 用户k计算1 bit所需CPU周期数 | 100 |
/MHz | 用户k的最大计算频率 | 300 |
/w | 用户k的最大发射功率 | 0.12 |
| B/MHz | 用户与基站之间的信道带宽 | 2 |
| Cm/(cycles·bit-1) | MEC服务器计算1 bit所需CPU周期数 | 100 |
/GHz | MEC服务器最计大算频率 | 2 |
/w | 能量站最大发射功率 | 4 |
| M/w | 非线性能量收集模型参数 | 0.024 |
| a | 非线性能量收集模型参数 | 150 |
| b | 非线性能量收集模型参数 | 0.014 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251458188877443751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458158296773358, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
仿真参数设置
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数符号 | 含义 | 参数值 |
|---|
| τ/s | 时隙长度 | 1 |
| Ck/(cycles·bit-1) | 用户k计算1 bit所需CPU周期数 | 100 |
/MHz | 用户k的最大计算频率 | 300 |
/w | 用户k的最大发射功率 | 0.12 |
| B/MHz | 用户与基站之间的信道带宽 | 2 |
| Cm/(cycles·bit-1) | MEC服务器计算1 bit所需CPU周期数 | 100 |
/GHz | MEC服务器最计大算频率 | 2 |
/w | 能量站最大发射功率 | 4 |
| M/w | 非线性能量收集模型参数 | 0.024 |
| a | 非线性能量收集模型参数 | 150 |
| b | 非线性能量收集模型参数 | 0.014 |
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