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To address the security challenges of relay communication in complex environments with potential eavesdroppers, this paper proposes a multi-UAV-assisted relay communication network that provides secure communication services for users. A multi-agent deep reinforcement learning(MARL)algorithm based on the Q-mixing network(QMIX)is employed to jointly optimize UAV trajectories and power allocation. The goal is to guarantee the minimum transmission rate of low-security-sensitivity users(secondary users)while enhancing the communication security and data rate of high-security-sensitivity users(primary users). Simulation results demonstrate that, compared with the Double Deep Q-Network(Double DQN)and the Dueling Deep Q-Network(Dueling DQN), the proposed algorithm improves the cumulative reward by approximately 15.5% and 1.26%, respectively. Moreover, the proposed rate-splitting multiple access(RSMA)technique significantly outperforms space-division multiple access(SDMA)and non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)in terms of overall system performance and information security. The proposed method provides an effective solution for achieving secure and efficient communication in multi-user wireless networks.
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针对用户在存在窃听者的复杂通信环境进行中继通信的安全问题,提出了一种多无人机辅助的中继通信网络为用户提供通信服务。通过基于Q混合网络(Q-mixing network,QMIX)的多智能体深度强化学习(multi-agent reinforcement learning,MRAL)算法优化无人机轨迹与功率分配,在信息安全敏感度较低用户(次要用户)最低速率得到保障的情况下,提高信息安全敏感较高用户(主要用户)的安全和速率。仿真结果表明,算法相较于双层深度Q网络(double deep Q-network,Double DQN)和对偶深度Q网络(dueling deep Q-network,Dueling DQN),累积奖励分别提高了大约15.5%和1.26%;模型的速率分割多址技术相较于空分多址和非正交多址技术,在系统整体性能和信息安全保障方面都具有显著优势,为多用户通信场景下的安全高效通信提供了更优解决方案。
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UAV-assisted secure communication model, figureFileSmall=9At+9QZ00/xIEU8He0F/zw==, figureFileBig=uyFr9IE2bwTCpY4/lmauUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458172012151418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
无人机辅助安全通信模型, figureFileSmall=9At+9QZ00/xIEU8He0F/zw==, figureFileBig=uyFr9IE2bwTCpY4/lmauUQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458172200895108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Multi-agent deep reinforcement learning architecture based on QMIX, figureFileSmall=O35az6WSw4aOYKqZRsFAJw==, figureFileBig=agjrk75o4EChzbquG+XmDQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458172268003976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
基于QMIX的多智能体深度强化学习架构, figureFileSmall=O35az6WSw4aOYKqZRsFAJw==, figureFileBig=agjrk75o4EChzbquG+XmDQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458172351890060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Comparison of the average safety rate of the three constraints, figureFileSmall=yP71ev6oSl4hHfbgAOYMCA==, figureFileBig=J+D4eJxvRXlMupFwpOY8LQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458172469330575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
三种约束的平均安全速率收敛对比, figureFileSmall=yP71ev6oSl4hHfbgAOYMCA==, figureFileBig=J+D4eJxvRXlMupFwpOY8LQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458172590965395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Comparison of UAV trajectory under two highly optimized algorithms, figureFileSmall=QxToKvHiAIECd/LQj6BqaA==, figureFileBig=iarWUpd8P4Qo2htvaq4r+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458174214161049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
两种高度优化算法下无人机轨迹对比, figureFileSmall=QxToKvHiAIECd/LQj6BqaA==, figureFileBig=iarWUpd8P4Qo2htvaq4r+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458174323212956, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Relay UAV power allocation, figureFileSmall=55OyygzFhHQ5ES6Di9AHXA==, figureFileBig=H863ArzL/5jYi9qjrz9XnQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458174419681951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
中继无人机功率分配, figureFileSmall=55OyygzFhHQ5ES6Di9AHXA==, figureFileBig=H863ArzL/5jYi9qjrz9XnQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458174587454113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Relationship between the number of users and the average security rate, figureFileSmall=f/1TJGxYu9Yr6eSsabiblA==, figureFileBig=RW6N0QFACLZHoN6HBTlO0w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458174679728805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
用户数量与平均安全速率关系, figureFileSmall=f/1TJGxYu9Yr6eSsabiblA==, figureFileBig=RW6N0QFACLZHoN6HBTlO0w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458174788780712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
System convergence of different algorithms, figureFileSmall=QxfInJdA81lREp+N1Y1C9A==, figureFileBig=FVmct6lLkvgUaVcnALFXQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458174876861099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
不同算法系统收敛图, figureFileSmall=QxfInJdA81lREp+N1Y1C9A==, figureFileBig=FVmct6lLkvgUaVcnALFXQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1251458174952358575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Experiment Parameters
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 数值 |
|---|
| 环境边界(Xmax,Ymax)/m | (4000,4 000) |
| 环境边界(Xmin,Ymin)/m | (0,0) |
| 最大飞行高度Hmax/m | 600 |
| 最小飞行高度Hmin/m | 50 |
| 水平飞行速度/(m/s) | 10 |
| 垂直飞行速度/(m/s) | 2 |
| 基站功率/dBm | 30 |
| 无人机功率/dBm | 15 |
| 无人机干扰功率/dBm | 15 |
| 信道参数(a,b) | (9.61,0.16) |
| 路径损失(LOS,NLOS)/dB | 1,20 |
| 服务时长T/时间步 | 70 |
| 时间步t/s | 30 |
| 环境噪声σ2/dBm | -170 |
| 中继与基站天线数量 | 4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251458175015273137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251194880429441115, articleId=1251458155385929833, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
实验参数设置
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 数值 |
|---|
| 环境边界(Xmax,Ymax)/m | (4000,4 000) |
| 环境边界(Xmin,Ymin)/m | (0,0) |
| 最大飞行高度Hmax/m | 600 |
| 最小飞行高度Hmin/m | 50 |
| 水平飞行速度/(m/s) | 10 |
| 垂直飞行速度/(m/s) | 2 |
| 基站功率/dBm | 30 |
| 无人机功率/dBm | 15 |
| 无人机干扰功率/dBm | 15 |
| 信道参数(a,b) | (9.61,0.16) |
| 路径损失(LOS,NLOS)/dB | 1,20 |
| 服务时长T/时间步 | 70 |
| 时间步t/s | 30 |
| 环境噪声σ2/dBm | -170 |
| 中继与基站天线数量 | 4 |
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